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    Phonology PDF

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    IPharamita
    This document discusses stress patterns in English words. It defines stress as the degree of force used to pronounce a syllable and notes that primary stress is marked with an apostrophe and secondary stress with a comma below the syllable. For two-syllable words, the stress typically falls on the second syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong or ends in more than one consonant. For three-syllable words, the stress is usually on the second syllable if the third contains a short vowel and single consonant, or on the third syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong. Exceptions to these patterns are also provided.

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    Phonology PDF

    Uploaded by

    IPharamita
    461 views7 pages
    This document discusses stress patterns in English words. It defines stress as the degree of force used to pronounce a syllable and notes that primary stress is marked with an apostrophe and secondary stress with a comma below the syllable. For two-syllable words, the stress typically falls on the second syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong or ends in more than one consonant. For three-syllable words, the stress is usually on the second syllable if the third contains a short vowel and single consonant, or on the third syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong. Exceptions to these patterns are also provided.

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    PHONOLOGY PDF.pdf

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    This document discusses stress patterns in English words. It defines stress as the degree of force used to pronounce a syllable and notes that primary stress is marked with an apostrophe and secondary stress with a comma below the syllable. For two-syllable words, the stress typically falls on the second syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong or ends in more than one consonant. For three-syllable words, the stress is usually on the second syllable if the third contains a short vowel and single consonant, or on the third syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong. Exceptions to these patterns are also provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    461 views7 pages

    Phonology PDF

    Uploaded by

    IPharamita
    This document discusses stress patterns in English words. It defines stress as the degree of force used to pronounce a syllable and notes that primary stress is marked with an apostrophe and secondary stress with a comma below the syllable. For two-syllable words, the stress typically falls on the second syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong or ends in more than one consonant. For three-syllable words, the stress is usually on the second syllable if the third contains a short vowel and single consonant, or on the third syllable if it contains a long vowel/diphthong. Exceptions to these patterns are also provided.

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    of 7

    STRESS IN SIMPLE WORDS

    NAME

    NPM

    NOVI PUSPITA SARI

    20141250062

    ZASCIA RIKA MULANI

    201412500051

    ROSITA SARI

    201412500153

    The Nature Of Stress


    Stress
    It is the use of extra respiratory energy during the articulation of a syllable.Stress is the
    degree of force with wich a sound , a syllable or a word is pronounced.
    Example :
    Father

    Open

    Kamera

    potato

    Apartment

    Relation

    About

    Receive

    Perhaps

    Levels of Stress
    1. Primary Level
    2. Primary stress can be marked with vertical stroke ( ) above and in front of
    syllable

    3. Example :

    Recognized
    Absolute
    Exception

    Contrast

    Secondary Stress
    Secondary Stress

    stress can be marked with vertical stroke ( , ) placed below and in front of
    syllable
    Example :
    Organisation

    Activation

    Photagraphic

    Antrophonology

    Placement Of Stress Within The Word


    In order to dedicade on stress placement ,it is necessary to make use of some or all of
    the following information :

    Whether the word is morphologicall simple,or whether it is complex as a result either


    of containing one or more affixes (that is prefixes or suffixes) or of being a
    compound word.

    The grammatical category to which the word belongs (noun,verb,adjective,etc)


    The number of syllables in the word
    The phonological structure of those syllables.

    Two Syllable word


    Two sylable verb

    Stressed on
    A . 2nd syllable contains
    1nd syllable
    short vowel AND ends no
    more than one consonant.
    B. 2nd sylablle contains long
    vowel/a diphtong/ends
    2nd syllable
    more than one consonant
    C. 2nd syllable contains/ou/

    Example
    +worry,open,enter

    Placement of stress within simple+succeed,provide,protest


    word
    Two syllable nouns

    1nd sylable

    +Follow,borrow

    A. 2nd syllable contains


    short vowel

    1nd syllable

    +money,office,surface

    B. Otherwise it is on the

    2 nd syllable

    +Hello,canoe,balloon

    Two syllable adjective

    Seem as the two syllable


    verbsrules

    Two syllable prepositions


    and adverbs

    Seem to behave like two


    syllable verbs and two
    syllable adjective rules

    Three Syllable
    Three syllable verb

    Three syllable nouns

    Stressed on

    Example

    A.3nd syllable contains short


    vowel AND ends with no more
    than 1 consonant
    B. 3nd syllable contains long
    vowel /a diphtong /ends with
    more than one conconant

    2nd syllable

    +encounter,determine

    3nd syllable

    +entertain,recomend

    A. 3nd syllable contains short


    vowel [au] unstressed.
    2nd contains long
    vowel
    /a diphthong/ends with more
    than one consonant.
    B. 3nd syllable and 2nd syllable
    contains short vowel AND ends
    with no more than one
    consonant 3nd and 2 nd
    syllable are unstressed.
    C. 3nd syllable contains long
    vowel/a diphthong ends with
    more than more than one
    consonant

    2nd syllable

    +potntato,disaster,advantage

    +library,quality,company,cine
    1nd syllable

    +exercise,attitude,paradise
    1nd syllable

    Three syllable adjective

    Seem to need the same rules as


    three syllable nouns

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