Salah Arqan-Fard-Sunnah by Islam Q&A

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THE PILLARS, OBLIGATORY PARTS AND SUNNAHS OF

PRAYER
By Islam Q&A

Praise be to Allaah.
Pillar (Arkan): 14 pillars. A pillar cannot be waived, whether one omits it deliberately or by
mistake, rather it must be done.
1. Standing during obligatory prayers if one is able to do so
2. Takbeer ul-ula (saying Allaahu akbar)
3. Reciting al-Faatihah
4. Rukoo (the least of which means bending so that the hands can touch the knees, but
the most complete form means making the back level and the head parallel with it.)
5. Rising from bowing
6. Standing up straight
7. Sujood (the most perfect form of which is placing the forehead, nose, palms, knees
and toes firmly on the ground, and the least of which is placing a part of each of these
on the ground.)
8. Rising from sajdah
9. Sitting between the sujood. (However one sits is good enough, but the Sunnah is to sit
muftarishan, which means sitting on the left foot and holding the right foot upright
with the toes pointing towards the qiblah.)
10. Being at ease in each of these physical pillars
11. The final tashahhud
12. Sitting to recite the final tashahhud and the two salaams
13. The two salaams. (This means saying twice, al-salaamu alaykum wa rahmat-Allaah
(Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allaah). In naafil prayers it is sufficient to say
one salaam; the same also applies to the funeral prayer.)
14. Doing the pillars in the order mentioned here. (If a person deliberately does sajdah
before ruku, for example, the prayer is invalidated; if he does that by mistake, he has
to go back and make ruku, and then sajdah.)
Obligatory (wajib): 8 obligatory. An obligatory part is waived if one forgets, and it can be
compensated for by doing the sujood al-sahw.

1. Takbeers other than the opening takbeer


2. Samia Allaahu liman hamidah (for the imam and for the one who is praying alone)
3. Rabbana wa lakal-hamd
4. Subhaana rabbiy al-azeem once
5. Subhaana rabbiy al-alaa once
6. Rabb ighfir li between the sujood
7. First tashahhud
8. Sitting for the first tashahhud
Sunnah: 11 sunnahs. Some of the fuqaha stated that there are 17 verbal Sunnahs in prayer,
and 55 actions Sunnah. The prayer is not invalidated if one omits one of these actions, even if
that is done deliberately, unlike the pillars and obligatory parts.
Verbal Sunnah:
1. Duaa al-istiftaah (opening duaa) Subhaanaka Allaahumma wa bi hamdika, wa
tabaaraka ismuka, wa taaala jadduka wa laa ilaaha ghayruka
2. Isti`adhah
3. Tasmiyyah
4. Ameen
5. Soorah after al-Faatihah
6. Reciting out loud, in the case of the imam
7. Saying after the tahmeed (Rabbana wa lakal-hamd), for one who is not praying
behind an imam: Mil al-samawaati wa mil al-ard wa mil ma shita min shayin
bad (Filling the heavens, filling the earth, and filling whatever else You wish). (The
correct view is that it is also Sunnah for one who is praying in congregation)
8. Tasbeeh in ruku more than once
9. Tasbeeh in sujood more than once
10. Rabb ighfir li more than once between sujood
11. Salam on the Prophet SAW in the last tashahhud and durud, and duaa after that.
Action Sunnah:
1. Raising the hands when saying the opening takbeer
2. Raising the hands when ruku

3. Raising the hands when rising from ruku


4. Dropping them after that
5. Placing the right hand over the left
6. Looking towards the place of sujood
7. Standing with the feet apart
8. Holding the knees with fingers spread apart when ruku, holding the back straight and
making the head parallel with it.
9. Placing the parts of the body on which one makes sujood firmly on the ground, apart
from the knees, because it is makrooh to press them firmly on the ground.
10. Keeping the elbows away from the sides, and the belly from the thighs, and the thighs
from the calves; keeping the knees apart; holding the feet upright; holding the toes
apart on the ground; placing the hands level with the shoulders with the fingers
spread.
11. Sitting muftarishan between the two sujood and in the first tashahhud, and sitting
mutawarrikan in the second tashahhud.
12. Placing the hands on the thighs with the fingers together between the two sujood, and
in the tashahhud, except that in the latter the pinkie and ring fingers should be held in,
a circle made with the middle finger and thumb, and one should point with the
forefinger when remembering Allaah.
13. Turning to the right and left when saying the salaam
And Allaah knows best.

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