Electronics and Communication Engineering: Power Electronics

Section 1

1.
A cycloconverter can be
A.

step down

B.

step up

C.

step down or step up

D.

none of the above

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The output frequency can be more or less than input frequency.

2.
In the below figure the average load current is 15 A. The rms value of transformer secondary
current is

A.

15 A

B.

10.61 A

C.

7.5 A

D.

14.14 A

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
RMS secondary current =

= 15/1.414 = 10.608 A.

3.
In a 3 phase fully controlled converter the firing frequency is
A.

3 times the line frequency

B.

6 times the line frequency

C.

9 times the line frequency

D.

12 times the line frequency

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
It is a 6 pulse converter.

4.
Two thyristor of same rating and same specifications
A.

will have equal turn on and turn off periods

B.

will have equal turn on but unequal turn off periods

C.

may have equal or unequal turn on and turn off periods

D.

will have unequal turn on and turn off periods

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Turn on and turn off times of similar SCRs may not be same.

5.
The amount of dielectric heating is inversely proportional to frequency.
A.

True

B.

False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
It is proportional to frequency.

6.
A semiconverter feeding an RLE load operates in
A.

first quadrant only

B.

first and second quadrants

C.

first and fourth quadrants

D.

first and third quadrants

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Semiconvertor operates only in first quadrant.

7.
The phenomenon of overlap in converter operation due to
A.

source resistance

B.

source inductance

C.

both source resistance and source inductance

D.

high value of firing angle

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Source inductance delays turn off and hence causes overlap.

8.
A thyristor has a maximum allowable junction temperature of 120C and the ambient
temperature is 40C. If thermal resistance is 1.6 C/W, the maximum allowable internal
power dissipation is
A.

20 W

B.

50 W

C.

92 W

D.

128 W

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
.

9.
For a 12 pulse operation, the two 6 pulse units are fed by
A.

Y - Y and Y - Y transformers

B.

- and - transformers

C.

Y - Y and Y - transformers

D.

Y - and Y - transformers

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
30 phase difference is necessary.

10.
In a single phase full wave converter (M - 2 connection) feeding a highly inductive load, the
firing angle for each thyristor is a in the respective half cycle. The period of conduction of
each thyristor is
A.

B.

C.

D.

- 2

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Since conduction is from to + , period of conduction is in each half cycle.

11.
An SCR is triggered at 40 in the positive half cycle only. The average anode current is 50 A.
If the firing angle is changed to 80, the average anode current is likely to be
A.

50 A

B.

25 A

C.

less than 50 A but more than 25 A

D.

less than 25 A

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

12.
The characteristics of a non-linear resistance is i = kv4. If i becomes 100 times, v becomes
A.

about 100 times

B.

about 10 times

C.

about 3 times

D.

about twice

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
v (i)1/4 (100)1/4 3.

13.
In a step down chopper using pulse width modulation, Ton = 3 x 10-3 and Toff = 1 x 10-3s. The
chopping frequency is
A.

333.33

B.

250

C.

500

D.

1000

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
.

14.
Thyristors are suitable for dc circuit breakers but not for ac circuit breakers.
A.

True

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

B.

False

They are suitable for both dc and ac circuit breakers.

15.
Assertion (A): Inverters and choppers use fast switching thyristors
Reason (R): Fast switching SCR has low turn off time.
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Low turn off time enables fast switching.

16.
The value of capacitor C for dynamic equalising circuit of series connected thyristors is
determined by
A.

forward characteristics of thyristors

B.

reverse recovery characteristics of thyristors

C.

both forward and reverse recovery characteristics of thyristors

D.

none of the above

Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Value of C is proportional to maximum difference between reverse charge of SCRs in series.

17.
A chopper
A.

converts constant voltage dc into ac and then into variable voltage dc

B.

converts constant voltage dc into variable voltage dc directly

C.

converts ac of one frequency into ac of another frequency

D.

converts ac to dc

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A chopper is a dc-ac converter. It converts a fixed dc voltage into a variable dc voltage.

18.
Assertion (A): If the duty cycle of chopper is low the current would not become
discontinuous
Reason (R): If the time constant L/R of the load in chopper is low the current may become
discontinuous.
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
If duty cycle is low, current may become discontinuous.

19.
In a single phase full wave regulator, the firing angles in the positive and negative half cycles
are generally
A.

equal

B.

different

C.

equal or different

D.

different but sometimes equal

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Firing angles are kept equal to get symmetrical output voltage.

20.

An electric heater is controlled by thyristors through on-off control. If = 0.4, the heating is
A.

16% maximum

B.

40% of maximum

C.

60% of maximum

D.

84% of maximum

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Vl = V . Therefore Vl2 - V2 (a). Heating is proportional to .

21.
A two winding transformer is feeding a single phase half wave rectifier circuit. The load is
purely resistive. The rms value of transformer secondary current is Is and rms value of load
current in Irms. Then
A.

Is = Irms irrespective of the value of firing angle

B.

Is = 0.5 Irms irrespective of the value of firing angle

C.

Is = Irms if firing angle is less than 30

D.

Is = Irms if firing angle is more than 30

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

22.
The terminals of a power BJT are called
A.

emitter, base, collector

B.

emitter, base, drain

C.

source, base, drain

D.

source, base, collector

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In a BJT terminals are emitter, base and collector irrespective of rating.

23.
In single phase half wave regulator, the average current over one full cycle
A.

is always positive

B.

may be positive or negative

C.

may be negative

D.

is always negative

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The input current during positive half cycle is less than that during negative half cycle.

24.
The dynamic equalising circuit consists of a series combination of capacitor C and resistor
RC across each thyristor. This resistance RC (along with parallel connected diode)
A.

limits charging current

B.

limits discharging current

C.

limits both charging and discharging currents

D.

none of the above

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Discharge current flows through Re .

25.
A single phase semiconverter is feeding a highly inductive load and has freewheeling diode
across the load. The waveshapes of output voltage and output current
A.

are similar

B.

are not similar

C.

may be similar or dissimilar

D.

are similar only if firing angle is zero

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
When freewheeling diode conducts output current exists but output voltage is zero.

26.
Current derating may be necessary when thyristors are operating in
A.

series

B.

parallel

C.

series or parallel

D.

none of the above

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Since current does not divide equally, current derating is necessary.

27.

If duty cycle is and the load is a resistance R, the rms value of output voltage is
A.

B.

C.

2V

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
RMS output voltage
VL = V.

28.

For a BJT = 0.98, then =

0.02

B.

0.5

C.

4.9

D.

48

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

29.
Assertion (A): Power transistor has lower switching time than SCR
Reason (R): Power transistor has greater switching time than SCR
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Power transistor does not have high

rating.

30.
A 3 kV circuit uses SCR of 800 V rating. If derating is 25%, the number of SCRs in series is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B

Explanation:
.

31.
In a circuit using a full wave converter (M - 2 connection) the PIV of each thyristor is 400 V.
For the same output voltage and fully controlled bridge converter, PIV will be
A.

400 V

B.

800 V

C.

200 V

D.

2002 V

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In bridge connection PIV is half of that in M-2 connection.

32.
A dc separately excited motor has constant field current. The armature is fed from a single
phase supply through a full converter. When = 0, speed is 500 rpm. If = 45, the speed
is likely to be
A.

about 350 rpm

B.

about 250 rpm

C.

about 175 rpm

D.

about 125 rpm

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Average output voltage cos and therefore reduced to 0.707 of the value for = 0.
Speed is nearly proportional to voltage.

33.
In a multiphase chopper, all choppers operate together.
A.

True

B.

False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
They operate in a sequence.

34.
The terminals of a power MOSFET are called
A.

emitter, base, collector

B.

source, gate, drain

C.

source, base, drain

D.

emitter, gate, drain

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
In a MOSFET terminals are source, gate, drain irrespective of rating.

35.
Assertion (A): The surge current which an SCR can withstand is much higher than rms on
state current.
Reason (R): The duration of surge current is very small.
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since duration of surge current is small, the associated energy is small.

36.
A single phase half wave controlled rectifier circuit has a free wheeling diode. The load is a
combination of R and L. The firing angle is a. The period of conduction of SCR and free
wheeling diode respectively are
A.

a < t < p and p < t < (2p + a)

B.

a < t < p and p < t < 2p

C.

a < t < (p + a) and (p + a) < t < 2p

D.

a < t < p and p < t < (2p - a)

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

SCR conducts from a to p and free wheeling diode from p to (2p + a).

37.
Assertion (A): A transistor requires a continuous base signal for conduction but a thyristor
requires a gate pulse.
Reason (R): Transistor find widespread application in power electronic circuits.
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Transistors are used but not very widely.

38.
In a thyristor the gate current is increased, then
A.

anode current will increase

B.

anode current will decrease

C.

anode current will remain constant

D.

anode current may increase or decrease

Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Gate current does not affect the magnitude of anode current.

39.
Thyristors are not suitable for logic circuits.
A.

True

B.

False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Thyristors can be used for logic circuits.

40.
A single phase half wave rectifier is feeding a resistive load. Input voltage v = Vm sin t. The
output dc voltage is Vdc and output rms voltage is Vrms . If firing angle is 180, Vdcand
Vrms respectively are
A.

0 and 0

B.
C.

0 and - Vm

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

Put a = 180 in Eqs

41.
The number of leads in an SCR are :
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Anode, cathode and gate.

42.
In a single phase full wave converter (M-2 connection) feeding on R - L load, the input
voltage is v = Vm sin t. The expression for dc output voltage is

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Due to inductive load the period of conduction is a to p + a in each half cycle.

43.
A thyristor has a turn on time of 6 s. If the anode circuit is inductive, the turn on time will
be
A.

6 s

B.

less than 6s

C.

more than 6 s

D.

either 6 s or less

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Inductive load increases the turn on time.

44.
The total number of leads in reverse conducting thyristor is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

45.
Assertion (A): A TRIAC is a bidirectional SCR.
Reason (R): A TRIAC is a four layers 3 terminal device and can conduct in both directions.
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since a TRIAC can conduct in both directions it is bi directional SCR.

46.
If Vdc1 is the dc output voltage in half wave controlled rectifier circuit feeding resistive load
and Vdc2 is the dc output voltage in full wave controlled rectifier circuit (M - 2 connection)
feeding resistive load, then

A.

Vdc1 = 0.5 Vdc2 for all values of firing angle

B.

Vdc1 = Vdc2 for all values of firing angle

C.

Vdc1 0.5 Vdc2 for all values of firing angle

D.

Vdc1 0.5 Vdc2 for all values of firing angle

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

and Vdc =

(1 + cos a).

47.
A semi converter operates in two quadrants.
A.

True

B.

False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
It operates only in quadrant.

48.
Figure shows a chopper feeding RLE load, The free wheeling diode conducts when

A.

thyristor is on

B.

thyristor is off

C.

both when thyristor is on and thyristor is off

D.

partly when thyristor is off and partly when thyristor is on

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
FD is forward biased only when thyristor is off.

49.
Assertion (A): An ideal rectifier should have unity harmonic factor
Reason (R): An ideal rectifier should have unity displacement factor.
A.

Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A

B.

Both A and R correct but R is not correct explanation of A

C.

A is correct but R is wrong

D.

A is wrong but R is correct

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Ideal rectifier should have zero harmonic factor and unity displacement factor.

50.
A single phase half wave rectifier is feeding a resistive load. When a = 0, dc output voltage is
127 V. When a = 30, the dc output voltage will be about
A.

127 V

B.

120 V

C.

110 V

D.

100 V

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

Using Eq

= 0.933.
Hence Vdc for 30 firing angle = 0.933 x 127 = 120 V.