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    SDOFM Viscerosomatic Reflex Pocket Chart

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    Rohit Nalamasu
    Viscerosomatic reflexes are somatic dysfunctions that develop in response to visceral pathology. They provide diagnostic information by mapping visceral issues to specific spinal segments and related soft tissues. The physiology involves peripheral irritation from visceral inflammation activating nociceptive neurons that sensitize internuncial neurons in the spinal cord. This results in tenderness, referred pain, and myospasticity in associated somatic tissues when palpated, with severity correlating to the visceral condition. The consistent segmental mapping allows viscerosomatic reflexes to diagnose underlying organ issues.

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    SDOFM Viscerosomatic Reflex Pocket Chart

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Nalamasu
    1K views2 pages
    Viscerosomatic reflexes are somatic dysfunctions that develop in response to visceral pathology. They provide diagnostic information by mapping visceral issues to specific spinal segments and related soft tissues. The physiology involves peripheral irritation from visceral inflammation activating nociceptive neurons that sensitize internuncial neurons in the spinal cord. This results in tenderness, referred pain, and myospasticity in associated somatic tissues when palpated, with severity correlating to the visceral condition. The consistent segmental mapping allows viscerosomatic reflexes to diagnose underlying organ issues.

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    Viscerosomatics

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    Viscerosomatic reflexes are somatic dysfunctions that develop in response to visceral pathology. They provide diagnostic information by mapping visceral issues to specific spinal segments and related soft tissues. The physiology involves peripheral irritation from visceral inflammation activating nociceptive neurons that sensitize internuncial neurons in the spinal cord. This results in tenderness, referred pain, and myospasticity in associated somatic tissues when palpated, with severity correlating to the visceral condition. The consistent segmental mapping allows viscerosomatic reflexes to diagnose underlying organ issues.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views2 pages

    SDOFM Viscerosomatic Reflex Pocket Chart

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Nalamasu
    Viscerosomatic reflexes are somatic dysfunctions that develop in response to visceral pathology. They provide diagnostic information by mapping visceral issues to specific spinal segments and related soft tissues. The physiology involves peripheral irritation from visceral inflammation activating nociceptive neurons that sensitize internuncial neurons in the spinal cord. This results in tenderness, referred pain, and myospasticity in associated somatic tissues when palpated, with severity correlating to the visceral condition. The consistent segmental mapping allows viscerosomatic reflexes to diagnose underlying organ issues.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    System/Organ
    head and neck
    Upper respiratory tract:
    Cardiac
    myocardial
    coronary artery
    Pulmonary
    lung
    bronchomotor reflex
    asthma reflex,
    bronchial mucosa reflex
    lung parenchyma reflex
    pariatal pleura
    Upper G.I.
    esophagus
    stomach
    duodenum
    Lower G.I.
    small intestine
    appendix and caecum
    ascending colon
    descending colon/rectum
    Pancreas
    Liver/gallblader
    phrenic nerve
    somatosomatic reflex
    Spleen
    Urinary tract
    Kidney
    proximal ureter
    distal ureter
    bladder
    Urethra:
    Genital tract
    Fallopian tubes
    (and seminal vesicles)
    external genitalia
    Prostate
    Ovaries (and testis)
    Uterus
    Adrenal glands

    Sympathetic
    Parasympathetic
    T1-T5
    T1-T5 Trigeminal: final common pathway,
    temporalis muscles, occiput, C 1, C 2.
    T1-T5 left
    C 3-C 5 (sympathetic?)

    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T1-T4
    T1-T3
    T2 left
    T2-T3
    T3-T4
    T1-T12

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,

    T3-T6 right
    T5-T10 left
    T6 -T8. right

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T8-T10 bilateral
    T9-T12 right
    T11-L1 right
    L1-L3 left
    T5-T9 right or bilateral
    T5-T10 right
    C 3-C 5 right

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    S2-S4
    occiput,
    occiput,

    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,

    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2

    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2

    T7-T9 left
    T9-L1 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 bilateral
    T11-L2 bilateral

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    T10-L2 bilateral

    S2-S4

    T12 bilateral
    T10-L2 bilateral
    T10-T11 ipsilateral
    T9-L2 bilateral
    T8-T10 ipsilateral

    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES
    System/Organ
    head and neck
    Upper respiratory tract:
    Cardiac
    myocardial
    coronary artery
    Pulmonary
    lung
    bronchomotor reflex
    asthma reflex,
    bronchial mucosa reflex
    lung parenchyma reflex
    pariatal pleura
    Upper G.I.
    esophagus
    stomach
    duodenum
    Lower G.I.
    small intestine
    appendix and caecum
    ascending colon
    descending colon/rectum
    Pancreas
    Liver/gallblader
    phrenic nerve
    somatosomatic reflex
    Spleen
    Urinary tract
    Kidney
    proximal ureter
    distal ureter
    bladder
    Urethra:
    Genital tract
    Fallopian tubes
    (and seminal vesicles)
    external genitalia
    Prostate
    Ovaries (and testis)
    Uterus
    Adrenal glands

    Sympathetic
    Parasympathetic
    T1-T5
    T1-T5 Trigeminal: final common pathway,
    temporalis muscles, occiput, C 1, C 2.
    T1-T5 left
    C 3-C 5 (sympathetic?)

    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T1-T4
    T1-T3
    T2 left
    T2-T3
    T3-T4
    T1-T12

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,

    T3-T6 right
    T5-T10 left
    T6 -T8. right

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T8-T10 bilateral
    T9-T12 right
    T11-L1 right
    L1-L3 left
    T5-T9 right or bilateral
    T5-T10 right
    C 3-C 5 right

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    S2-S4
    occiput,
    occiput,

    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,

    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2

    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2

    T7-T9 left
    T9-L1 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 bilateral
    T11-L2 bilateral

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    T10-L2 bilateral

    S2-S4

    T12 bilateral
    T10-L2 bilateral
    T10-T11 ipsilateral
    T9-L2 bilateral
    T8-T10 ipsilateral

    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    Adapted from: Somatic Dysfunction in Osteopathic Family Medicine. Nelson KE,


    Glonek T, eds., ACOFP: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2007; Chapt. 5,
    Viscerosomatic and somatovisceral reflexes. Pages 33-55.

    Adapted from: Somatic Dysfunction in Osteopathic Family Medicine. Nelson KE,


    Glonek T, eds., ACOFP: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2007; Chapt. 5,
    Viscerosomatic and somatovisceral reflexes. Pages 33-55.

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    System/Organ
    head and neck
    Upper respiratory tract:
    Cardiac
    myocardial
    coronary artery
    Pulmonary
    lung
    bronchomotor reflex
    asthma reflex,
    bronchial mucosa reflex
    lung parenchyma reflex
    pariatal pleura
    Upper G.I.
    esophagus
    stomach
    duodenum
    Lower G.I.
    small intestine
    appendix and caecum
    ascending colon
    descending colon/rectum
    Pancreas
    Liver/gallblader
    phrenic nerve
    somatosomatic reflex
    Spleen
    Urinary tract
    Kidney
    proximal ureter
    distal ureter
    bladder
    Urethra:
    Genital tract
    Fallopian tubes
    (and seminal vesicles)
    external genitalia
    Prostate
    Ovaries (and testis)
    Uterus
    Adrenal glands

    Sympathetic
    Parasympathetic
    T1-T5
    T1-T5 Trigeminal: final common pathway,
    temporalis muscles, occiput, C 1, C 2.
    T1-T5 left
    C 3-C 5 (sympathetic?)

    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T1-T4
    T1-T3
    T2 left
    T2-T3
    T3-T4
    T1-T12

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,

    T3-T6 right
    T5-T10 left
    T6 -T8. right

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T8-T10 bilateral
    T9-T12 right
    T11-L1 right
    L1-L3 left
    T5-T9 right or bilateral
    T5-T10 right
    C 3-C 5 right

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    S2-S4
    occiput,
    occiput,

    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,

    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2

    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2

    T7-T9 left
    T9-L1 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 bilateral
    T11-L2 bilateral

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    T10-L2 bilateral

    S2-S4

    T12 bilateral
    T10-L2 bilateral
    T10-T11 ipsilateral
    T9-L2 bilateral
    T8-T10 ipsilateral

    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    Adapted from: Somatic Dysfunction in Osteopathic Family Medicine. Nelson KE,


    Glonek T, eds., ACOFP: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2007; Chapt. 5,
    Viscerosomatic and somatovisceral reflexes. Pages 33-55.

    System/Organ
    head and neck
    Upper respiratory tract:
    Cardiac
    myocardial
    coronary artery
    Pulmonary
    lung
    bronchomotor reflex
    asthma reflex,
    bronchial mucosa reflex
    lung parenchyma reflex
    pariatal pleura
    Upper G.I.
    esophagus
    stomach
    duodenum
    Lower G.I.
    small intestine
    appendix and caecum
    ascending colon
    descending colon/rectum
    Pancreas
    Liver/gallblader
    phrenic nerve
    somatosomatic reflex
    Spleen
    Urinary tract
    Kidney
    proximal ureter
    distal ureter
    bladder
    Urethra:
    Genital tract
    Fallopian tubes
    (and seminal vesicles)
    external genitalia
    Prostate
    Ovaries (and testis)
    Uterus
    Adrenal glands

    Sympathetic
    Parasympathetic
    T1-T5
    T1-T5 Trigeminal: final common pathway,
    temporalis muscles, occiput, C 1, C 2.
    T1-T5 left
    C 3-C 5 (sympathetic?)

    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T1-T4
    T1-T3
    T2 left
    T2-T3
    T3-T4
    T1-T12

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,

    T3-T6 right
    T5-T10 left
    T6 -T8. right

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2.

    T8-T10 bilateral
    T9-T12 right
    T11-L1 right
    L1-L3 left
    T5-T9 right or bilateral
    T5-T10 right
    C 3-C 5 right

    occiput,
    occiput,
    occiput,
    S2-S4
    occiput,
    occiput,

    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,
    C 1,

    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2
    C2

    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2
    C 1, C 2

    T7-T9 left
    T9-L1 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 ipsilateral
    T11-L3 bilateral
    T11-L2 bilateral

    occiput, C 1, C 2
    occiput, C 1, C 2
    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    T10-L2 bilateral

    S2-S4

    T12 bilateral
    T10-L2 bilateral
    T10-T11 ipsilateral
    T9-L2 bilateral
    T8-T10 ipsilateral

    S2-S4
    S2-S4

    Adapted from: Somatic Dysfunction in Osteopathic Family Medicine. Nelson KE,


    Glonek T, eds., ACOFP: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2007; Chapt. 5,
    Viscerosomatic and somatovisceral reflexes. Pages 33-55.

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    Viscerosomatic reflexes are diagnostic tools. They are somatic


    dysfunction that develops in response to visceral pathology. A modification
    of Van Buskirks nociceptively initiated model for spinal somatic
    dysfunction offers a description of the physiology of the viscerosomatic
    reflex as follows

    Viscerosomatic reflexes are diagnostic tools. They are somatic


    dysfunction that develops in response to visceral pathology. A modification
    of Van Buskirks nociceptively initiated model for spinal somatic
    dysfunction offers a description of the physiology of the viscerosomatic
    reflex as follows

    1.

    1.

    2.
    3.
    4.

    5.
    6.

    A peripheral focus of irritation, in this case from the inflammation


    associated with visceral pathology, results in activation of
    nociceptive, general visceral afferent, neurons.
    These primary afferent neurons return to the spinal cord and
    synapse in the dorsal horn with internuncial neurons.
    The ongoing afferent stimulation results in the establishment of a
    state of irritability (facilitation) of the internuncial neurons of that
    spinal segment.
    Additional afferent activity, from any source, results in a segmental
    response to significantly fewer stimuli than would normally be
    required. This results in tenderness when the area is palpated.
    When the amount of afferent activity from the offending organ is
    sufficient enough to cause internuncial firing referred pain results.
    Such activity from internuncial neurons, which synapse with ventral
    horn motor neurons, results in segmentally related myospasticity
    and palpable tissue texture change.
    The degree of segmental irritability that is directly proportionate to
    the severity of the visceral pathology, and the anatomic relationship
    between the involved organ and the paravertebral soft tissues that
    makes the location of the reflex changes consistent from individual
    to individual allows viscerosomatic reflexes to be of diagnostic
    value.

    2.
    3.
    4.

    5.
    6.

    A peripheral focus of irritation, in this case from the inflammation


    associated with visceral pathology, results in activation of
    nociceptive, general visceral afferent, neurons.
    These primary afferent neurons return to the spinal cord and
    synapse in the dorsal horn with internuncial neurons.
    The ongoing afferent stimulation results in the establishment of a
    state of irritability (facilitation) of the internuncial neurons of that
    spinal segment.
    Additional afferent activity, from any source, results in a segmental
    response to significantly fewer stimuli than would normally be
    required. This results in tenderness when the area is palpated.
    When the amount of afferent activity from the offending organ is
    sufficient enough to cause internuncial firing referred pain results.
    Such activity from internuncial neurons, which synapse with ventral
    horn motor neurons, results in segmentally related myospasticity
    and palpable tissue texture change.
    The degree of segmental irritability that is directly proportionate to
    the severity of the visceral pathology, and the anatomic relationship
    between the involved organ and the paravertebral soft tissues that
    makes the location of the reflex changes consistent from individual
    to individual allows viscerosomatic reflexes to be of diagnostic
    value.

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEXES

    Viscerosomatic reflexes are diagnostic tools. They are somatic


    dysfunction that develops in response to visceral pathology. A modification
    of Van Buskirks nociceptively initiated model for spinal somatic
    dysfunction offers a description of the physiology of the viscerosomatic
    reflex as follows

    Viscerosomatic reflexes are diagnostic tools. They are somatic


    dysfunction that develops in response to visceral pathology. A modification
    of Van Buskirks nociceptively initiated model for spinal somatic
    dysfunction offers a description of the physiology of the viscerosomatic
    reflex as follows

    1.

    1.

    2.
    3.
    4.

    5.
    6.

    A peripheral focus of irritation, in this case from the inflammation


    associated with visceral pathology, results in activation of
    nociceptive, general visceral afferent, neurons.
    These primary afferent neurons return to the spinal cord and
    synapse in the dorsal horn with internuncial neurons.
    The ongoing afferent stimulation results in the establishment of a
    state of irritability (facilitation) of the internuncial neurons of that
    spinal segment.
    Additional afferent activity, from any source, results in a segmental
    response to significantly fewer stimuli than would normally be
    required. This results in tenderness when the area is palpated.
    When the amount of afferent activity from the offending organ is
    sufficient enough to cause internuncial firing referred pain results.
    Such activity from internuncial neurons, which synapse with ventral
    horn motor neurons, results in segmentally related myospasticity
    and palpable tissue texture change.
    The degree of segmental irritability that is directly proportionate to
    the severity of the visceral pathology, and the anatomic relationship
    between the involved organ and the paravertebral soft tissues that
    makes the location of the reflex changes consistent from individual
    to individual allows viscerosomatic reflexes to be of diagnostic
    value.

    2.
    3.
    4.

    5.
    6.

    A peripheral focus of irritation, in this case from the inflammation


    associated with visceral pathology, results in activation of
    nociceptive, general visceral afferent, neurons.
    These primary afferent neurons return to the spinal cord and
    synapse in the dorsal horn with internuncial neurons.
    The ongoing afferent stimulation results in the establishment of a
    state of irritability (facilitation) of the internuncial neurons of that
    spinal segment.
    Additional afferent activity, from any source, results in a segmental
    response to significantly fewer stimuli than would normally be
    required. This results in tenderness when the area is palpated.
    When the amount of afferent activity from the offending organ is
    sufficient enough to cause internuncial firing referred pain results.
    Such activity from internuncial neurons, which synapse with ventral
    horn motor neurons, results in segmentally related myospasticity
    and palpable tissue texture change.
    The degree of segmental irritability that is directly proportionate to
    the severity of the visceral pathology, and the anatomic relationship
    between the involved organ and the paravertebral soft tissues that
    makes the location of the reflex changes consistent from individual
    to individual allows viscerosomatic reflexes to be of diagnostic
    value.

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