Wharton FNCE 239/739

Behavioral Finance
Syllabus (preliminary)
Term:

Spring 2015

Prof. Nikolai Roussanov

Email: [email protected]
Office: 2326 SH-DH
Office hours: W 4-5:30 pm
Teaching Assistants
Amr Elsaify ([email protected])
Dina Megretskaia ([email protected])
Sebastien Plante ([email protected])
Deeksha Gupta ([email protected])

Prerequisites: FNCE 100/611/612 and FNCE 101/613 required;

FNCE 205/720 highly recommended.
Over the past several decades, the field of finance has developed a
successful paradigm based on the notions that investors and managers were
generally rational and the prices of securities were generally efficient. However,
recent theoretical and empirical research has shown this paradigm to be insufficient
to describe various features of actual financial markets. In this course we will use
insights from behavioral economics and psychology as well as other social
sciences and more realistic economic settings to guide and develop alternative
theories of financial market behavior, while relying on the analytical and
quantitative methods common to finance. We will examine how the insights of
behavioral finance complement the traditional paradigm and shed light on
investors' trading patterns, the often anomalous behavior of asset prices, and
various Wall Street institutions and practices impacting both firms and individual
consumers.

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Lectures
Section 239001 Tu/Thu 9:00 -10:30 JMHH 355
Section 739001 Tu/Thu 10:30 -12:00 JMHH 355
Section 739002 Tu/Thu 1:30 - 3:00 JMHH G50

Reading Materials
1. Textbook:
Behavioral Finance: Insights into Irrational Minds and Markets, by James
Montier (available in the bookstore).

2. Additional suggested readings (for those looking for more in-depth coverage
of certain topics than provided in the main textbook, but also important
sources of material for the term project).
Alternative textbooks that can be useful:
Behavioral Finance: Understanding the Social, Cognitive, and Economic Debates, by
Burton and Shah
Beyond Greed and Fear: Understanding Behavioral Finance and the Psychology of
Investing, by Shefrin
Big picture overviews by the giants of the field, each with their own focus:
Animal Spirits by Akerlof and Shiller
Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman.
Irrational exuberance by Robert Shiller
Detailed coverage of market anomalies and/or trading strategies based on them:
Expected Returns: An Investors Guide to Harvesting Market Rewards, by Antti Ilmanen
Quantitative Value: a Practitioners Guide to Automating Intelligent Investing and
Eliminating Behavioral Errors, by Wesley Gray
The Missing Risk Premium: Why Low Volatility Investing Works, by Erik Falkenstein
Narratives and specific episodes
When Genius Failed by Roger Lowenstein. Account of LTCM failure.
Big Bets Gone Bad by Phillipe Jorion. Description of Orange County fiasco.
Capital Ideas by Peter Bernstein. Short history of academic finance (now dated).
The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine, by Michael Lewis.
Slapped by the Invisible Hand: The Panic of 2007, by Gary Gorton.
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3. Announcements, problem sets, solutions, and other material will be posted

on the course Canvas website: https://canvas.upenn.edu/courses/1268743
Note that Wharton computing accounts are required in order to access
Canvas. Enrolled non-Wharton students may obtain an account starting on the
first day of the class at: http://accounts.wharton.upenn.edu
Special drop/add dates
The Finance Departments Drop and Add Deadlines are different than the
Universitys.
Finance DROP deadline is January 22 (5pm)
Should you decide to drop this course, you must do so through Penn In Touch by
the Finance Departments drop deadline. If you drop the course after the
department deadline you will receive a W on your transcript. Those who decide
to add the course after the drop deadline above need to see Andrea Rollins in the
Finance department.
Requirements
1. There are two exams given in class (see Schedule for the dates). Each exam is
worth 25% of the final grade. They are discussed in more detail later in the
syllabus.
2. A term project is worth 30% of the final grade. It will be due on the first day of
the Final Exam period with group presentations during the last two weeks of class.
3. Problem sets and cases will be assigned on a regular basis. They are discussed in
more detail later in the syllabus. In addition, I will assign supplementary readings
occasionally, and will expect students to be prepared to discuss them in class.
Together, problem sets and participation in the discussion of cases and other
assigned reading will count for 20% of the final grade. In addition, a student whose
final score is just below the margin between two letter grades may have their grade
adjusted upward based on their work in problem sets and class participation.
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Attendance and class participation

1. Because the textbook only provides cursory coverage of most topics (and none
at all for others) it is not self-sufficient and is meant as a complement to, and not a
substitute, for the lectures. Class attendance is therefore vital.
2. You must attend the lecture for the section for which you are registered.
3. Students are expected to have read all assigned materials in preparation for class.
4. Class participation is essential for the success of the course. Your questions not
only help me better judge how the class is absorbing the material, they also help
generate discussion. To this same end, I will also cold-call.
5. I may not be able to answer all questions to your satisfaction in class, especially
if the answer involves material beyond that lectures content. I am always happy to
discuss such questions during my office hours.
6. To make it easier for me to get to know you, please sit in the same seat at each
class session. Please bring a name tent to class (if youve forgotten it, please fold a
piece of paper horizontally and write your first name in large block letters).
7. If you prefer to take notes and consult course materials during lecture using a
laptop, tablet, iPad, etc., you are free to do so. However, it is important that you
refrain from unrelated web-surfing during lecture as it is distracting to other
students.
Help and Review Sessions
There will be regular help sessions throughout the semester. The date and time are
yet to be confirmed.
Homework Assignments
Cases, readings, and problem sets will be assigned during the semester and all
submissions are due before class begins, online or in hard copy (depending on
assignment), unless specified otherwise. Late answers will not be accepted. For all
of the written assignments you may work with other students in the class. A team
of people need only submit one copy of their solution for a particular problem set.
Every member of the team will receive the same grade. Teams may be comprised
of students from differing sections and differing programs (e.g., undergraduate and
MBA). Team size is 4 students or less. Solutions to each problem set will be
available after your answers have been turned in. Your graded answers will be
returned to a file cabinet in the Finance Department in Steinberg-Dietrich Hall. The
assignments will be graded by giving a check-plus, check, check-minus, or
no credit. Cases will be discussed in class and your preparation is essential for
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these discussions. Although I wont be discussing most of the problem sets in

class, the help and review sessions are structured to address your questions about
the problem sets. The main purpose of the problem sets is to increase your
understanding of the material and help you prepare for the exam.
Examinations
There will be two in-class examinations during the semester. The (tentative) dates
are listed on the course schedule. They will be closed-book. For the first exam, you
may bring an 8 x 11 piece of paper of notes. You may write on both sides. For
the second exam, you may bring two such pieces of paper. The second exam
concentrates on material taught since the first exam, but material presented earlier
may also appear on this exam.
You may bring a calculator to the exam, but not a computer (please do not plan on
using your phone as a calculator).
Following university rules, exams may be postponed because of illness, a death in
the family, or some other unusual event. If such a circumstance arises,
undergraduates must petition their deans office for a makeup exam. MBA students
must petition the MBA Program Office.
Term Project
The term project is meant as a venue for the students to apply the concepts and
methods developed in class in a practical context of their interest. The goal of the
project is to develop an implementable idea that has potential to generate value in
that context. Specifically, student groups will take one of the following
perspectives (of their own choosing): a portfolio management team looking for a
new trading strategy; a consulting firm advising corporations on issues of financial
management; an entrepreneurial start-up developing a retail financial product
(further alternatives can be thought of e.g., social entrepreneurship is a viable
venue in some cases where profit opportunities are not available but correcting a
bias would have great social value). Specific topic/idea choice must be approved
by me in advance. In each case the main deliverable is in a form of a ``pitch to
potential clients: institutional investors in the case of portfolio managers, corporate
clients, or venture capitalists. This must contain the following elements:
1. Description of a behavioral anomaly to be exploited (or corrected)
This must include specific behavioral biases and an explanation of how these
biases lead to the observed behavior/anomaly, including why market forces
alone may not act to eliminate them.
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2. Description of the proposed strategy for taking advantage of this anomaly

(e.g. in the case of asset mispricing) or for correcting the bias, either
profitably or with benefit to society.
3. Evidence supporting the idea behind the strategy (why should it succeed?)
4. Description of risks and challenges (why might it fail?)
The pitch will be delivered both in the form of a group presentation in class and a
formal write-up to be submitted by the due date.
Grades
Scores on term project and the two in-class exams will be standardized. Each
students final score is the weighted sum of these three standardized values, where
the weights are 25% (exam 1), 25% (exam 2), and 30% (term project); in addition,
homework assignments and class participation contribute 20%.

Tentative Outline of Topics

I. Non-behavioral finance: Introduction; Why we care: The roles of securities

prices in the economy; Efficient markets hypothesis (EMH): Definitions; EMH in
supply and demand framework; Theoretical arguments for flat aggregate demand
curve; Equilibrium risk models; Pro-EMH evidence.
II. Some motivating evidence: Return predictability in the stock market and other
asset markets; Data mining; Joint hypothesis problem.
III. Demand by arbitrageurs: Definition of arbitrageur; Long-short trades; Risk vs.
Horizon; Transaction costs and short-selling costs; Fundamental risk; Noise-trader
risk; Professional arbitrage; Destabilizing informed trading (positive feedback,
predation).
IV: Demand by average investors: Definition of average investor; Belief biases;
Limited attention and categorization; Nontraditional preferences prospect theory
and loss aversion; Bubbles and systematic investor sentiment. Social interactions
and positional concerns.
V. Supply by firms and managerial decisions: Supply of securities and firm
investment characteristics (market timing, catering) by rational firms; Associated
institutions; Relative horizons and incentives; Biased managers.
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Important Dates:

Exam 1: February 19, in class

Exam 2: April 9, in class

Final project presentations: April 14, 16, 21, 23

Final project write-up due: May 4