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    Pope Gregory XII: 1 Early Life

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    1. Pope Gregory XII was pope from 1406 to 1415 and was the last pope to resign until Benedict XVI in 2013. 2. As pope, Gregory XII tried to negotiate an end to the Western Schism between competing popes but faced opposition. In 1409, a church council deposed Gregory XII and elected a rival pope. 3. The Council of Constance finally resolved the schism in 1415 when Gregory XII formally resigned, bringing the papacy back under single authority and ending the schism. Gregory XII spent his remaining years in peaceful retirement.

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    Pope Gregory XII: 1 Early Life

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    Nupur Pal
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    1. Pope Gregory XII was pope from 1406 to 1415 and was the last pope to resign until Benedict XVI in 2013. 2. As pope, Gregory XII tried to negotiate an end to the Western Schism between competing popes but faced opposition. In 1409, a church council deposed Gregory XII and elected a rival pope. 3. The Council of Constance finally resolved the schism in 1415 when Gregory XII formally resigned, bringing the papacy back under single authority and ending the schism. Gregory XII spent his remaining years in peaceful retirement.

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    Pope Gregory XII

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    1. Pope Gregory XII was pope from 1406 to 1415 and was the last pope to resign until Benedict XVI in 2013. 2. As pope, Gregory XII tried to negotiate an end to the Western Schism between competing popes but faced opposition. In 1409, a church council deposed Gregory XII and elected a rival pope. 3. The Council of Constance finally resolved the schism in 1415 when Gregory XII formally resigned, bringing the papacy back under single authority and ending the schism. Gregory XII spent his remaining years in peaceful retirement.

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    18 views3 pages

    Pope Gregory XII: 1 Early Life

    Uploaded by

    Nupur Pal
    1. Pope Gregory XII was pope from 1406 to 1415 and was the last pope to resign until Benedict XVI in 2013. 2. As pope, Gregory XII tried to negotiate an end to the Western Schism between competing popes but faced opposition. In 1409, a church council deposed Gregory XII and elected a rival pope. 3. The Council of Constance finally resolved the schism in 1415 when Gregory XII formally resigned, bringing the papacy back under single authority and ending the schism. Gregory XII spent his remaining years in peaceful retirement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Pope Gregory XII

    Pope Gregory XII (Latin: Gregorius XII ; c. 1326


    18 October 1417), born Angelo Corraro, Corario,[1]
    or Correr,[2] was Pope from 30 November 1406 to July
    1415 when he was forced to resign to end the Western
    Schism. He succeeded Pope Innocent VII and in turn was
    succeeded by Pope Martin V.

    Pope feared being captured by the partisans of the rival


    Pope.

    The cardinals of Gregory XII openly showed their dissatisfaction at this manoeuvring and gave signs of their
    intention to abandon him. On 4 May 1408, Gregory XII
    convened his cardinals at Lucca and ordered them not to
    leave the city under any pretext. He tried to supplement
    his following by creating four of his Corraro nephews car1 Early life
    dinals including the future Pope Eugene IV, despite his
    promise in the conclave that he would create no new carAngelo Corraro was born in Venice and was consecrated dinals. Seven of the cardinals secretly left Lucca and negotiated with the cardinals of Benedict XIII concerning
    as a bishop in 1390.
    the convocation of a general council by them, at which
    both pontis should be deposed and a new one elected.
    Consequently, they summoned the council to Pisa and in1.1 Clerical career
    vited both pontis to be present. Neither Gregory XII nor
    Corraro was appointed Bishop of Castello in 1380, suc- Benedict XIII appeared.
    ceeding Bishop Nicol Morosini. On 1 December 1390 Meanwhile, Gregory XII stayed with his loyal and powerhe was made Titular Patriarch of Constantinople. On ful protector, the condottiero Carlo I Malatesta, who had
    12 June 1405 he was created cardinal and the Cardinal- come to Pisa in person during the process of the council
    Priest of San Marco by Pope Innocent VII. He was Apos- to support Gregory XII with both sets of cardinals. At
    tolic Administrator of Constantinople from 30 November the fteenth session, 5 June 1409, the Council of Pisa
    1406 to 23 October 1409.[3]
    deposed the two pontis as schismatical, heretical, perjured, and scandalous; they elected Alexander V (1409
    10) later that month. Gregory XII, who had meanwhile
    1.2 Papal conclave
    created ten more cardinals, had convoked a rival council at Cividale del Friuli, near Aquileia; but only a few
    Main article: Papal conclave, 1406
    bishops appeared. Gregory XIIs cardinals pronounced
    Benedict XIII and Alexander V schismatics, perjurers,
    Gregory XII was chosen at Rome by a conclave consist- and devastators of the Church, but their pronouncement
    ing of only fteen cardinals under the express condition went unheeded.
    that, should Antipope Benedict XIII (13941423), the rival papal claimant at Avignon, renounce all claim to the
    Papacy, he would also renounce his, so that a fresh elec- 2.2 Resolution of the schism
    tion might be made and the Western Schism (13781417)
    ended. He became Supreme Ponti on 30 November The Council of Constance nally resolved the situa1406.
    tion. Gregory XII appointed Carlo Malatesta and Car-

    2
    2.1

    dinal Giovanni Dominici of Ragusa as his proxies. The


    cardinal then convoked the council and authorized its
    succeeding acts, thus preserving the formulas of Papal
    supremacy.

    Ponticate
    Negotiations to end the schism

    Thereupon on 4 July 1415, Malatesta, acting in the name


    of Gregory XII, pronounced the resignation of the Pope,
    which the cardinals accepted. According to prior agreement, they agreed to retain all the cardinals that had been
    created by Gregory XII, thus satisfying the Corraro clan,
    and appointed Gregory XII Bishop of Frascati, Dean of
    the Sacred College of Cardinals and perpetual legate at
    Ancona. The Council then set aside Antipope John XXIII

    The two pontis opened wary negotiations to meet on


    neutral turf at Savona in Liguria, but soon began to waver in their resolve. The Corraro relatives of Gregory XII
    in Venice and King Ladislaus of Naples, the supporter
    of Gregory XII and his predecessor for political reasons,
    used all their inuence to prevent the meeting, and each
    1

    (141015), the successor of Alexander V. After the former follower of Benedict XIII appeared, the council declared him deposed; and the Western Schism was ended.
    A new Roman ponti, Pope Martin V, was not elected before Gregory XIIs death. Therefore, the Papal seat was
    vacant.

    Retirement and death

    The rest of Gregory XIIs life was spent in peaceful obscurity in Ancona. He was the last pope to resign until
    Benedict XVI did so on 28 February 2013, almost 598
    years later.[4]

    See also
    Papal resignation

    References

    [1] "Gregory XII." in the Encyclopdia Britannica, 9th ed.,


    Vol. XI. 1880.
    [2] http://www2.fiu.edu/~{}mirandas/bios1405.htm#Correr
    [3] Titular Episcopal See of Castello. GCatholic. Retrieved
    2013-11-24.
    [4] Pope Benedict XVI to resign citing poor health. BBC
    News. Retrieved 2013-02-11.

    External links
    This article incorporates text from a publication now
    in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed.
    (1913). "Pope Gregory XII". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company.

    EXTERNAL LINKS

    Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

    7.1

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    Pope Gregory XII Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XII?oldid=683152933 Contributors: Malcolm Farmer, Montrealais, Rickyrab, Gabbe, Angela, JamesReyes, John K, WouterVH, Vargenau, JASpencer, Charles Matthews, Adam Bishop, Lord Emsworth,
    Wetman, RadicalBender, Gentgeen, Robbot, Lupo, Fabiform, Snowdog, Revth, Sharavanabhava, Klemen Kocjancic, Lacrimosus, D6,
    Maestro25, Rich Farmbrough, AladdinSE, Bill Thayer, Robotje, Kaganer, Grutness, Grenavitar, Dtobias, Rorschach, FeanorStar7, Astrowob, Angusmclellan, Xos, Darkhorse82, Valentinian, Chobot, Jaraalbe, Kummi, YurikBot, GusF, Svitrigaila, Aljodasch, Tony1, Silverhorse, Philip Stevens, Attilios, SmackBot, Unyoyega, MalafayaBot, Neo-Jay, Je5102, GoodDay, Scwlong, Egsan Bacon, Cplakidas,
    Chlewbot, EOZyo, Savidan, Ohconfucius, Bjankuloski06en~enwiki, RandomCritic, 2T, Iridescent, Chicheley, Cydebot, Road Wizard,
    Jed, Gerry Ashton, Peter Gulutzan, Escarbot, Hmrox, Gcm, Joshua, Waacstats, Kask, Kostisl, DrKiernan, Skier Dude, Mangwanani,
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    Bulambao and Anonymous: 39

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    File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg License: CC BY-SA


    3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: MarkusMark
    File:C_o_a_Gregorio_XII.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/C_o_a_Gregorio_XII.svg License: CC
    BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Odejea
    File:Coat_of_arms_Holy_See.svg Source:
    cense: Public domain Contributors:

    https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Coat_of_arms_Holy_See.svg Li-

    Bruno Bernhard Heim, Heraldry in the Catholic Church: Its Origin, Customs and Laws (Van Duren 1978 ISBN 9780391008731), p. 54;
    Original artist: F l a n k e r
    File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Holy_See.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Coat_of_arms_Holy_See.
    svg License: Public domain Contributors:
    Bruno Bernhard Heim, Heraldry in the Catholic Church: Its Origin, Customs and Laws (Van Duren 1978 ISBN 9780391008731), p. 54;
    Original artist: F l a n k e r
    File:Commons-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original
    artist: ?
    File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg Source:
    svg License: Public domain Contributors:

    https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.

    File:Coat of arms Holy See.svg Original artist: Cronholm144 created this image using a le by User:Hautala - File:Emblem of Vatican City
    State.svg, who had created his le using PD art from Open Clip Art Library and uploaded on 13 July 2006. User talk:F l a n k e r uploaded
    this version on 19 January 2007.
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    File:Liber Chronicarum f 235v.jpg Original artist: Michel Wolgemut, Wilhelm Pleydenwur (Hartmann Schedel, editor)
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    7.3

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