EViews 8 Getting Started

EViews 8.
Estimation Forecasting Statistical Analysis

Graphics Data Management Simulation
Getting Started
EViews 8.1 Getting Started
EViews 8.1 Getting Started

Copyright 19942014 IHS Global Inc.
All Rights Reserved
ISBN: 978-1-880411-07-0
This software product, including program code and manual, is copyrighted, and all rights are
reserved by IHS Global Inc. The distribution and sale of this product are intended for the use of
the original purchaser only. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976,
no part of this product may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored
in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of IHS Global Inc.
Disclaimer
The authors and IHS Global Inc.assume no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this
manual or the EViews program. The user assumes all responsibility for the selection of the program to achieve intended results, and for the installation, use, and results obtained from the program.
Trademarks
EViews is a registered trademark of IHS Global Inc. Windows, Excel, PowerPoint, and Access
are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. PostScript is a trademark of Adobe Corporation. X11.2 and X12-ARIMA Version 0.2.7, and X-13ARIMA-SEATS are seasonal adjustment programs developed by the U. S. Census Bureau. Tramo/Seats is copyright by Agustin Maravall and
Victor Gomez. Info-ZIP is provided by the persons listed in the infozip_license.txt file. Please
refer to this file in the EViews directory for more information on Info-ZIP. Zlib was written by
Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler. More information on zlib can be found in the zlib_license.txt
file in the EViews directory. Bloomberg is a trademark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. All other product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
IHS Global Inc.

4521 Campus Drive, #336
Irvine CA, 92612-2621
Telephone: (949) 856-3368
Fax: (949) 856-2044
e-mail: [email protected]
web: www.eviews.com
September 21, 2014
Table of Contents
GETTING STARTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Installing EViews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Registering EViews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
What is Registration? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
How Do I Register? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Frequently Asked Questions about Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Updating Your Copy of EViews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
WHATS NEW IN EVIEWS 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
General EViews Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Data Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Programming Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
External Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Econometrics and Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Compatibility Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
iiTable of Contents
Getting Started
Congratulations on your purchase of EViews 8, the premier forecasting and analysis package
for Windows-based computers. This guide will lead you step-by-step through the installation
and registration procedure for EViews 8.
(The following discussion describes the installation and registration process for single user
copies of EViews and seat licenses purchased under a Volume License Program. Setting up
machines to use concurrent use licenses will require a different procedure; for details, please
check with your IT support department.)
Installing EViews
You may install EViews 8 by running the installation program downloaded to your computers
hard drive or contained on the CD-ROM.
If you are installing from the file downloaded to your computer, simply click on the
EViews8Installer.exe or EViews8Installer(64-bit).exe executable program file.
Note that if installing from the EViews
CD using the Autorun.exe program,
the EViews 8 CD installation screen is
displayed, offering several options for
how to proceed. You may close this
window at any time by clicking on the
Exit button, by clicking on the Close
Window box in the upper right-hand
corner of the window, or by double
clicking on the icon to the left of
EViews 8 Installer in the title bar.
You should first click on View Read
Me to view any last minute changes in
the installation or operating instructions.
To start the installation process, click on Install EViews.
First, you will be prompted to read and accept the License Agreement, and to designate
a directory into which you wish to install your copy of EViews. If you wish to change
2 Getting Started
the default installation directory, click on Browse and navigate to the desired directory. Click on Next to continue.
Next, you will be asked to enter a name and serial number. Single user license holders
should have been provided with a 24-character serial number (on the back of the CDROM case or through contact with our office). Those of you who have obtained your
copy of EViews as part of a Volume License agreement should obtain a serial number
from your license administrator. Enter the serial number and your name as you wish
it to appear in your copy of EViews, and click on Next.
Select the components you wish to install and click on Next.
Lastly, you will be asked about setting up a Start Menu folder containing shortcuts to
the EViews example files folder and the EViews program executable. Clicking on Next
starts the actual installation of files onto your computer.
You should note that as part of the installation procedure, EViews will prompt you to register
files with the extensions .WF1, .PRG, .EDB, .AIPZ, and .UIPZ. If these extensions
are already registered, possibly by an earlier version of EViews, you will be prompted to
allow EViews 8 to override the existing registration. Registering the extensions is not
required, will allow you to double-click on files with these extensions to launch EViews 8.
Once the installation procedure is completed, click on Finish. If you have elected to create
an EViews shortcut, the EViews Start Menu folder will open. To launch EViews, double-click
on the EViews 8 icon. Subsequently, you may launch EViews using the shortcut on your
desktop or by selecting EViews from the Start Menu shortcuts, if present, by double-clicking
on EViews registered file types, or by navigating to the EViews installation directory and
double-clicking on the EViews icon.
Registering EViews
What is Registration?
To use EViews 8 on a specific computer, you must first register the program using the serial
number obtained with your purchase or obtained from your license administrator. EViews
registration is the one-time process of assigning a serial number to a specific machine, sending a unique machine ID number to IHS Global Inc., and writing some information to your
Windows registry or Mac application support directory. This is a simple process that can be
performed in a few seconds.
The first time EViews is run on a new machine, you will be prompted to register your copy
for that machine. On a Windows machine, you may choose to do so immediately, or you can
put off registration to a later date, but you must register the copy within 30 days of installation. If you delay registration, you will be prompted to register the copy every time you
launch EViews. After 30 days, an unregistered copy of EViewswill no longer run.
Registering EViews3
The EViews single user and standalone licenses allow for a single individual to have exclusive
use of copies of EViews residing on multiple machines, or for multiple users to have exclusive
access to a copy of EViews residing on a single machine. For example, a single user may
install and register EViews on his or her office computer, home computer and a laptop computer, provided that the use of EViews is exclusive. Note, specifically, that the license terms do
not allow two users to share copies of the same license of EViews residing on two machines.
To facilitate the legitimate use of EViews on multiple machines, we allow each EViews single
user serial number (one beginning with 80A) or standalone serial number (one beginning
with 80S) to be used in registering up to three machines. If you have exceptional circumstances which require registration on additional machines, please contact our office.
Under the terms of the EViews Volume License agreement, 80C (volume) license serial
numbers may not be used to register multiple machines. Each volume licensed machine running EViews must be assigned a distinct serial number. Thus, licensing an office computer,
home computer and laptop computer of a single user will require three distinct Volume
License serial numbers.
Once registered on a given machine, EViews will run indefinitely. The copy of EViews may
be uninstalled and reinstalled on a registered machine, updated, or moved to a different
directory without reregistering the copy for that machine. In the special case where a
machines hard disk is wiped clean, but no other changes are made to the system, you may
simply reregister your copy of EViews. Note that in this circumstance, reregistration on the
machine will not count as an additional registration.
If an entire machine or a machines hard disk is replaced, you should contact our office to
unregister your previous installation prior to reregistering.
How Do I Register?
Before starting the registration process, you should first locate your EViews serial number.
You most likely will need to enter this number into EViews during the registration procedure.
Next, you should launch EViews as described above.
4 Getting Started
If the copy of EViews is not registered,

EViews will display a warning dialog. The
dialog will inform you that EViews is not
registered for this machine and, if applicable, will indicate the number of additional
days the unregistered copy will continue
to run.
You may choose to register in one of two
ways: you may use the EViews auto registration features (by clicking on Auto Registration...), or you can manually register
(by clicking on Manual Registration...).
Selecting either of the these two options
will open a dialog prompting you for additional information.
(To delay software registration click on the I will register later button. If you select this
option and the grace period has not expired, EViews will close the dialog and will operate in
the usual fashion. In this way you can use your unregistered copy of EViews as though it
were fully registered. If, however, the grace period has expired, your copy of EViews will not
run until registered.)
Auto Registration
If your computer is connected to the Internet, auto registration makes registering EViews a
snap. Simply click on the Auto Registration... button to display a dialog for entering your
registration information.
EViews will fill out as many fields in this dialog as possible. If you wish to continue with the
auto registration process, make sure that the entries in the Serial # and Name fields are
filled in with the relevant information. When you click on the Register now button, EViews
will attempt to contact one of our registration servers and, if successful, will transmit the
information contained in the dialog to the server. The server will process the information
and the machine will be registered to run EViews.
You should see a message indicating that registration was completed successfully, along with
the number of machines that have been registered to the serial number.
Registering EViews5
If you do not wish to continue with auto registration, click on the Exit without registering
button and you will be returned to the main registration screen.
Note that there are some circumstances in which auto registration will fail. Obviously, auto
registration will not work if the computer is not connected to the Internet. If registration
fails, you should first verify that you have Internet access. Second, your computer may be
behind a firewall which does not allow the required communication between your computer
and our servers. Furthermore, while unlikely, it is possible that all of our registration servers
are temporarily unresponsive.
If you continue to have problems with auto registration, you can choose to register manually
as described in the next section, or you can contact us for assistance.
Manual Registration
If auto registration fails or if you prefer not to use the automatic registration features, you
may elect to register manually. From the main registration page, click on Manual Registration... to display the manual registration portion of the dialog:
You must fill in the three fields in the dialog: the 2-character serial number, your name, and
a 36-character registration key you must first obtain via web browser, phone, or email.
EViews will help you by filling in as many fields as possible.
6 Getting Started
The easiest method of retrieving the registration key is via web browser. If you have access
to an Internet connected browser, navigate to
http://www.eviews.com/register/
which will direct you to our registration servers. Follow the links to the registration page,
and fill in the form. Enter your name, serial number, and the machine ID number as displayed in this registration dialog into the form. Click on the Submit the form button. You
will be provided with the 36-character registration key.
Once you have obtained the key, return to the registration dialog in EViews. If necessary,
select Help/EViews Registration... from the EViews main menu to display the registration
page.
Make certain that you have entered your name and serial number exactly as provided when
you obtained the registration key, and enter the key in the registration key box. Click OK to
finish the registration process. Note that you should be able to copy-and-paste the registration key information from your browser into the dialog edit fields.
If all of the information is entered correctly, you will be informed that your registration is
complete.
If you do not have access to a working web browser, you can contact our office via email,
phone, or standard post to obtain the key:
IHS Global Inc.
Attn: Registration
4521 Campus Drive, #336
Irvine, CA 92612
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 949-856-3368
Please provide a registration name, full 24-character serial number, and the machine ID
number. We will then provide you with the 36-character registration key.
If you receive the key via email, you should be able to copy-and-paste the key information
into the dialog edit fields.
Contact Information
Once registration is completed, EViews will display an optional contact page form. You may
submit this form to send name, address, phone number, and email information to IHS
Global Inc. This information is for our records only and will not be redistributed to others.
Frequently Asked Questions about Registration

While the registration procedure should be straightforward, we understand that you may
still have questions. The following are answers to the most frequently asked questions:
Updating Your Copy of EViews7
How do I find my serial number and other information about my copy of EViews?
Your copy of EViews contains information about your registration status, as well as
the product version and build date of the program. To obtain this information, simply
select Help/About EViews from the main EViews menu.
I contacted you and received a key, but the key doesnt seem to work. What could be
wrong?
The most common registration problem results from entering a name or serial number
which does not match the key. You should make certain that the name and serial
number both match those provided when obtaining a key. Note that while the name is
not case-sensitive, it should otherwise be entered exactly as originally provided. If you
still experience problems, do not hesitate to contact our office.
My copy of EViews does not appear to have the features for the edition that I purchased. Do you have to send me a new CD-ROM?
No. Simply contact our office. Once we verify the edition of EViews that you have purchased, you should be able to reregister and upgrade your copy to enable the features.
I've replaced my computers and no longer have available registrations. What should I
do?
If there are special circumstances where you need to register an additional machine,
please contact our office.
How do I change the name in which my copy is registered?
Your copy of EViews contains the name in which it was first registered. If you wish to
change the registration name, please contact our office.
What if I have trouble registering?
We do not anticipate that you will have problems registering your copy of EViews
using one of the available methods (auto-registration, manual using our web servers,
or manual using email or phone). Please feel free to contact our office if you encounter difficulties.
Updating Your Copy of EViews

EViews 8 offers an automatic updating feature that can check for new updates every day,
and install an updated version if available. (The automatic update feature can be enabled or
disabled from the Options/EViews Auto-Update from Web menu item.)
Alternately, you may manually check for updates from within EViews at any time by selecting Check now... under the EViews Auto-Update from Web menu item, or by selecting
EViews Update from the Help menu.
8 Getting Started
You may also visit the EViews website to check for updates to the EViews program and other
components (documentation, sample data, and sample programs). Use your browser to go
to:
http://www.eviews.com
and navigate to the downloads area. Downloading updates will not require re-registration of
EViews on any previously registered computer. Simply download the update, run the
installer, and you will have the latest shipping copy of your software.
Where to Go For Help

Your EViews installation includes documentation in the form of an interactive Help System
and PDF versions of the manuals. User-provided online support is available via the EViews
Forum.
The Help System

All of the EViews documentation may be viewed from within EViews using the help system.
To access the EViews help system, go to the main menu and select Help/EViews Help Topics... or click on Help/Quick Help Reference and select a topic to jump directly to relevant
subsections.
The EViews Manuals (PDF Files)

Your EViews installation includes copies of the EViews manuals in Adobe Portable Document Format (.PDF) file format.
If you elected to include the electronic versions of the manuals in your EViews installation,
you may access the PDF files from within EViews by clicking on Help in the main EViews
menu and selecting the file of interest. Alternately, you may navigate to the Docs subdirectory of your EViews installation directory to access the files directly.
Tutorials
To get you started, we have provided a set of PowerPoint tutorials illustrating the basics of
EViews. These tutorials are a great way of seeing EViews in action.
Where to Go For Help9
http://www.eviews.com/Learning/index.html
The EViews Forum

To supplement the information provided in the manuals and the help system, we encourage
you to visit the EViews Online Forum, where you can find answers to common questions
about installing, using, and getting the most out of EViews. The EViews Forum is an ideal
place to ask questions of and share information with other EViews users.
The forum address is:
http://forums.eviews.com
10 Getting Started
Whats New in EViews 8.0

EViews 8 features a wide range of exciting changes and improvements. The following
is an overview of the most important new features in Version 8.
Performance
64-bit EViews (64-bit Version on page 14).
General EViews Interface

Enhanced dialog edit fields (Enhanced Dialog Edit Fields, on page 14).
Workfile details view (Workfile Details on page 16).
Workfile compare (Workfile Compare on page 16).
Global options export and import (Global Options Export and Import on
page 17)
Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) support (Object Linking and Embedding
(OLE) on page 27).
User-defined objects (User-Defined Objects on page 47).
Add-ins support for version handling (Add-Ins Management on page 48)
Data Handling
Powerful new spreadsheet editing tools (Spreadsheet Editing Tools, on
page 17).
Group data comparison tools (Group Data Comparison Tools, on page 19).
Auto-series defined across workfile pages (Auto-Series Across Workfile Pages,
on page 20).
Enhanced dated data table offer enhanced customization with full command
line support (Dated Data Table Support on page 20).
Custom panel spreadsheet display (Custom Panel Spreadsheet Display on
page 21).
Support for connecting to the CEIC database (Direct Support for CEIC Databases on page 22).
Write Support for Excel XLSX files (Support for Writing Excel XLSX Files on
page 23).
Transposed foreign data reads (Transposed Foreign Data Reads, on page 23)
12 Whats New in EViews 8.0
Custom object attributes (Custom Object Attributes on page 23).
Graphs, Tables, and Spools

The visible sample for graphs can be actively changed using a slider bar within the
graph window (Graph Sample Slider Bar on page 24).
Custom lines and arrows can be drawn in graphs using the mouse (Custom Graph
Lines and Arrows on page 25).
Users may specify their own lines on scatter plots (User-Defined Fit Lines on
page 26).
Graphs, tables, and spools can now be saved in PDF format (PDF and Enhanced
Metafile Export on page 26). Additionally, tables may be saved as Enhanced Metafiles (emf).
Graphs, tables, and spools can be pasted as embedded objects or links into third-party
applications such as Microsoft PowerPoint, Word, and Excel (Object Linking and
Embedding (OLE) on page 27).
Enhanced dated data table offer enhanced customization with full command line support (Dated Data Table Support on page 20).
Models
Improved model data editing (Improved Model Data Editing on page 28).
Solution comparison tools (Comparing Solution Data on page 29).
Other model commands (Other Model Commands on page 30).
Econometrics and Statistics

Computation
Error-Trend-Seasonal exponential smoothing (Hyndman et al., 2002 and Hyndman et
al., 2008) (ETS Exponential Smoothing on page 31).
Census X-13 (Census X-13 on page 32).
Panel series covariances (Panel Covariances on page 33).
Panel series principal components (Panel Principal Components on page 34).
Estimation
Switching regression (both exogenous and Markov) (Switching Regression on
page 35).
Bayesian Vector Autoregression (VARs) (Bayesian Vector Autoregression (VARs) on
page 36).
Programming Support13
Robust least squares (Robust Least Squares on page 37).

Breakpoint regression(Breakpoint Regression on page 38).
Heckman selection models(Heckman Selection Models on page 39).
Panel cointegration estimation(Panel Cointegration Estimation on page 40).
User-defined optimization (User-Defined Optimization on page 41).
Testing and Diagnostics

Multiple breakpoint testing (Multiple Breakpoint Testing on page 42).
Panel serial correlation tests (Panel Serial Correlation Tests. on page 43).
Panel causality tests (Panel Causality Tests on page 43).
Heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) covariances in GLM models
(HAC covariances in GLM models on page 44).
Enhanced quantile regression process graphs and testing (Quantile Regression Process Subsets on page 45).
Miscellaneous
ARMA specification of multiple lags by range (ARMA Specification by Range on
page 45).
User-specified default coefficients for models specified by list (User-Specified Default
Coefficients on page 46).
Automatic computation of robust Wald statistic for non-intercept coefficients in
models estimated with White or HAC covariances (Robust Wald F-statistics on
page 47).
Programming Support
User-defined objects (User-Defined Objects on page 47).
Add-ins support for version handling (Add-Ins Management on page 48)
Program editor and execution enhancements (Program Editor & Execution Enhancements, on page 48).
New functions for generating series (Series Generating Functions on page 50).
Added matrix language tools (Matrix Language Tools on page 51).
New workfile functions (Workfile Support, on page 52).
Enhanced table support (Table Support, on page 53).
New general information tools (General Information Tools, on page 53)
New object data members (Object Data Members, on page 54).

List of new and updated global and object commands (Updated Command and
Object List on page 56).
List of new functions (Updated Function List on page 60).
EViews 8 Compatibility Notes

Compatibility notes for users of EViews 7 (EViews 8 Compatibility Notes on
page 61).
Performance
64-bit Version
EViews is now available in both 32 and 64-bit versions.
One of the advantages of using a 64-bit version of Windows is the ability to access physical
memory (RAM) beyond the 4-gigabyte (GB) range. By comparison, 32-bit versions of Windows are limited to a maximum of approximately 3.2 gigabytes of memory.
The 64-bit version of EViews 8 allows access to the larger amounts of physical RAM in
machines running 64-bit Windows, allowing you to work with much bigger workfiles, both
in terms of the number of observations per workfile page, and the number of individual
objects allowed in a page.
For example, 32-bit versions of EViews only allow a maximum of 15 million observations in
a page (and even then we recommend much smaller workfile ranges). The 64-bit version of
EViews 8 allows up to 120 million observations per page. Similarly, the 32-bit versions of
EViews can exhaust available memory with more than a few hundred thousand objects in
the workfile, while the 64-bit version supports workfiles with millions of objects.
See Memory Allocation on page 785 of Users Guide I.
General EViews Interface

The general EViews interface has been improved in a number of ways. The following are the
highlights.
Enhanced Dialog Edit Fields

Edit fields (boxes that let you type an entry) in EViews 8 have been enhanced with two new
features: smart auto-complete and expansion.
Smart auto-complete allows you to quickly enter object names in edit fields, by bringing up
a list of objects in the current workfile from which you may select to populate the edit field.
Enhanced Dialog Edit Fields15
Edit field expansion lets you increase the size of edit fields in EViews so that you may more
easily see and enter information. To expand an edit field, simply double click on the white
space in the box, or right click and select Expand.
See Custom Edit Fields in EViews on page 10 of Users Guide I for additional discussion.
Workfile Details
EViews 8 features a new look workfile Details view. You may toggle between the ordinary
workfile display and the Details view by clicking on the Details +/- button on the workfile.
Each object attribute now has a separate column in the details view, and you may sort the
objects by an attribute by clicking on the column header. Columns are also draggable and
resizable, allowing you to alter their position and width. If you right-click on a column
header, you may also choose which columns to display.
See Workfile Details Display on page 62 of Users Guide I for discussion.
See wfdetails (p. 475) in the Command and Programming Reference for command
support.
Workfile Compare
The new Workfile Compare view, available from the View menu on a workfile allows you
to compare the differences between a workfile and another workfile stored on disk. Once
you have chosen a second workfile with which to compare, EViews will display a list of all
objects in the two workfiles, and let you see how those objects differ.
Spreadsheet Editing Tools17
See Comparing Workfiles on page 88 of Users Guide I for discussion.

See wfcompare (p. 469) in the Command and Programming Reference for command
support.
Global Options Export and Import

You may now write your global options settings to disk for backup and update your settings
from an existing settings file. One use for these commands is to establish a set of global
options settings which are then saved and then moved to different machines or distributed
to other users.
The optsave command saves a copy of the current EViews global options settings .INI
files into a directory. Any existing option settings in the directory will be overwritten.
You may use the optset command to replace the current EViews global options settings
.INI files with ones from a different directory.
See optsave (p. 388) in the Command and Programming Reference.
See optset (p. 389) in the Command and Programming Reference.
Data Handling
EViews 8 offers a variety of new features for working with data.
Spreadsheet Editing Tools

EViews 8 provides sophisticated new tools for editing and adjusting the values in an EViews
series or group.
Typically, the primary method of generating series values is to use a series expression.
EViews will evaluate the series expression for all observations in the current sample and
assign values accordingly. Note that working with subsets of data requires specifying a new
sample for each subset operation. Alternately, standard editing of series values by entering
numbers can be cumbersome, at best.
EViews 8 changes all of this by providing tools that allow you to enter and modify individual
values in a series using a powerful array expression language, and to view the effects of
those changes on the series values.
Edit Mode
Standard editing now allows you to use the expression language to assign or modify one or
more cells. When Edit mode is enabled by toggling the Edit +/- button, you may simply
select the cells you wish to edit, then use array expressions to describe how you would like
the multiple cells to be modified.
See Appendix B. Enhanced Spreadsheet Editing, on page 791 of Users Guide I.
Adjust Mode
EViews 8 offers an adjust mode which may be enabled by toggling the Adjust+/- button on
the spreadsheet toolbar. The adjust mode allows you to use sophisticated editing tools to
make prospective changes in the series and to see the impact of those changes in an interactive fashion. These changes may be specified in natural units, so, for example, if you wish to
examine the impact of a 10% increase in the values in a series over some range, you simply
tell EViews that Delta % equals 10.
Group Data Comparison Tools19
Since changes made in adjust mode are not permanent unless specifically made so when
you close the series window, this powerful tool you to changes to a series to perform quick
what if analysis without permanently changing the series.
See Series Adjust on page 392 and Appendix B. Enhanced Spreadsheet Editing,
on page 791 of Users Guide I.
See also Series::adjust (p. 483) in the Object Reference for command tools for
editing a series using these expressions.
Group Data Comparison Tools

EViews 8 lets you easily compare the data between the series in your group. When looking
at the Spreadsheet view of the group, simply press the Compare +/- button on the toolbar
to enter compare mode. Compare mode will behave differently depending upon whether
there are only two series in the group, or more than two.
In both cases the main feature of compare mode is that it will highlight, in red, any observations for which the series in the group have different values. This can be useful when comparing revisions to series in order to quickly find for which observations any revisions or
changes have been made.
See Group Comparison Tools on page 477 of Users Guide I.

See Appendix B. Enhanced Spreadsheet Editing, on page 791 of Users Guide I.
See also Series::adjust (p. 483) in the Object Reference for command tools for
editing a series using these expressions.
Auto-Series Across Workfile Pages

You may now access series in different workfile pages directly without the need to copy
them across to the current workfile page either as a link or as a direct copy. Whenever you
wish to use a series located in a separate page, you can refer to it using the syntax pagename\seriesname. Examples of useful places to use this functionality include group definitions, equation specifications, or when generating a new series.
See Auto-series Across Pages on page 182 of Users Guide I for discussion and limitations.
Dated Data Table Support

Dated data tables have been improved with added customization options, including unit and
label formatting, font and color selection on an individual series level, and tools for customizing date format and appearance.
Additionally, program language support is now offered for the customization of dated data
tables.
For details, see Dated Data Table on page 479 of Users Guide I.
See Group::ddtabopts (p. 279) in the Object Reference.
See Group::ddrowopts (p. 277) in the Object Reference.
Custom Panel Spreadsheet Display21
Custom Panel Spreadsheet Display

You may now change the default spreadsheet view of a series in a panel workfile which
shows each cross-sections data stacked on top of another cross-sections data by clicking on
the Wide +/- button (you will almost certainly need to widen the window to see the button
as it is far to the right of the more commonly used buttons).
The first time you click the button, EViews will change the display of the series such that
each row of the spreadsheet contains data for a specific date, and each column contains data
for a cross-section.
Clicking the Wide +/- button a second time transposes this so cross-sections are now
shown per row, and dates per column.
A third click of the button takes the view back to the original stacked form.
Direct Support for CEIC Databases

EViews 8 Enterprise Edition supports direct access to CEIC databases using the standard
EViews database interface.
The CEIC database includes economic, sector and financial data. Data are fetched from the
internet by Internet Securities, Inc. (also known as IS Emerging Markets) XML based data
servers.
See CEIC on page 338 of Users Guide I for brief discussion.

See dbopen (p. 326) in the Command and Programming Reference for command line
support.
Custom Object Attributes23
Support for Writing Excel XLSX Files

EViews now offers write support for Excel XLSX files. Previously, EViews 7 offered read, but
not write, support for XLSX files, and prior versions of EViews did not support the format.
To write an Excel XLSX file, simply choose this format when saving your workfile or workfile page, and follow the dialog prompts. You may also use the type=excelxml option in
the pagesave or wfsave commands, as in
pagesave(type=excelxml) new_wf
which saves the current workfile page in the Excel XLSX file new_wf.
See pagesave (p. 406) in the Command and Programming Reference.
See wfsave (p. 489) in the Command and Programming Reference.
Transposed Foreign Data Reads

In EViews 8 You may now read transposed data from a foreign file into a new or existing
workfile page using the File/Open Foreign Data as Workfile..., Proc/Load Workfile
Page..., or Proc/Import/Load Workfile Page... dialogs.
Previously you could only read transposed data into an existing workfile page using the
older (now mostly deprecated) Proc/Import/Import from File... dialog and the corresponding read command, which supported fewer foreign source formats. Notable among the formats that read did not support was Excel .XLSX.
In addition, you may employ the wfopen, pageload, and import commands to read transposed data. Simply add the byrow specifier as part of your table_description, as in
wfopen(page=GDP) "c:\data_t.xlsx" range="GDP data" byrow @drop X
reads the transposed data contained in the GDP data range of the Excel file Data_t.XLSX
into a new workfile. The data for the series X is dropped, and the name of the new workfile
page is GDP.
See wfopen (p. 476) in the Command and Programming Reference.
See pageload (p. 404) in the Command and Programming Reference.
See import (p. 363) in the Command and Programming Reference.
Custom Object Attributes

Objects in an EViews workfile may now be assigned custom attributes. These attributes may
be used by search queries in EViews workfile and database operations (i.e., @wquery
(p. 685) in the Command and Programming Reference). In some cases, EViews will be able
to import custom attributes along with the data from third-party databases.
You may create or edit a custom attribute by clicking on the Label view of an object, and
typing the name of the custom attribute below the Description field and the value of the
attribute in the field to the right.
See Adding Your Own Label Attributes on page 65 and Adding Custom Attributes in
the Label View, on page 103 of Users Guide I for discussion.
The setattr object command may be used to set attribute values for each object
type. See, for example, Series::setattr (p. 524) in the Object Reference for series
command line support.
You may use the object data member @attr(arg) to obtain the string containing
the value of the arg attribute, where the argument is specified as a quoted string.
See @wquery (p. 685) in the Command and Programming Reference for command
support for queries using custom attributes.
Graphs, Tables, and Spools

Graph Sample Slider Bar
EViews 8 graphs now feature a sample slider bar, located at the bottom of a sample based
graph window which allows you to adjust dynamically the sample displayed in the graph
window by resizing and moving the slider bar:
Custom Graph Lines and Arrows25
For discussion, see The Graph Sample on page 565 of Users Guide I.
Custom Graph Lines and Arrows

Its often useful to accentuate a data point in a graph or draw a comparison between two
points. In EViews 8, you can draw custom straight lines at any angle, anywhere in a frozen
graph window. You may also choose from multiple designs for the arrowheads, including
none (plain line), filled arrow, and open arrow.
See Drawing Lines and Arrows on page 675 of Users Guide I for discussion.
See Graph::addarrow (p. 213) in the Object Reference for command details.
User-Defined Fit Lines

Just as you may wish to highlight a particular data point in your graph with an arrow, you
might like to add custom fit lines to a scatter plot. Earlier versions of EViews supported fit
lines drawn using calculations based upon the underlying data. The new fit line option,
User-defined, lets you specify your own definition line definition.
See User-Defined Fit Lines on page 630 of Users Guide I for discussion.
See dbopen (p. 326) in the Command and Programming Reference for command line
support.
PDF and Enhanced Metafile Export

The PDF format is one of the most commonly used standards for saving and sharing documents, and is arguably the standard for documents on the web. EViews 8 now supports the
saving of graph, table, and spool output to PDF. In addition, table output may now be saved
to Enhanced Metafile (EMF) format.
The options to save as PDF are included in the standard save dialogs for graphs, tables, and
spools. Right-click on the graph, table, or spool object and select Save graph to disk..., Save
table to disk..., or Save to Disk, respectively. The standard file save dialogs will appear.
Select PDF from the File Type drop-down.
Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)27
Notice that Enhanced Metafile now appears as a supported output type for table objects in
EViews 8:
For command line support, see

Graph::save (p. 240) in the Object Reference.
Table::save (p. 702) in the Object Reference.
Spool::save (p. 611) in the Object Reference.
Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)

EViews 8 support for OLE offers you the ability to have your output data and graphs update
whenever you make changes within EViews.
You may use OLE to paste links to EViews objects in your external document so that the
underlying information is tied to the EViews workfile. Then, any time modifications are
made in EViews, the changes may be pushed to the objects in your document. Alternately,
you may use OLE to embed graph and table output in external documents so you may later
modify the appearance of the output using EViews.
See Chapter 18. Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), on page 737 of Users Guide
I for additional information on using OLE with EViews.
Models
Improved Model Data Editing
EViews 8 offers improved tools for managing variables in a model. You may use the new
Edit override right button menu item, available from the variables view of a model, to
quickly exclude, override and edit endogenous and exogenous variables for the current scenario.
Comparing Solution Data29
See Scenario Editing Tools, on page 653 of Users Guide II for additional information
on using the edit override tools.
See Model::adjust (p. 377) in the Object Reference.
See Model::revert (p. 396) in the Object Reference.
See Model::reinclude (p. 393) in the Object Reference.
Comparing Solution Data

EViews 8 offers new tools for quickly viewing differences between the solution values for
different scenarios. You may use the new model object Compare solutions menu item,
available from the View menu to specify the comparisons of interest
and to produce a comparison table:
For discussion and details, see Comparing Solution Data, on page 679 in the Users
Guide II.
See also the documentation for the Model::compare (p. 380) command in the Object
Reference.
Other Model Commands

In addition, there are several new model commands and commands which have changed to
allow for additional options or features (all of these entries are in the Object Reference):
drop ..................... drop equations for one or more endogenous variables in the model
(p. 383).
droplink ............... drop linked objects from the model (p. 383).
exclude................. specifies (or merges) excluded endogenous variables in the active
scenario (new features) (p. 384).
ETS Exponential Smoothing31
makegraph ............make graph object showing model series (with new features)
(p. 388).
makegroup............make group out of model series and display dated data table (with
new features) (p. 389).
override ................specifies (or merges) override series to the active scenario (with
new features) (p. 393).
replace ..................replace the text specification for an endogenous variable in the
model with a new specification (p. 394).
replacelink ............replace a linked object with a different linked object (p. 395).
replacevar .............replace all instances of a variable in the text specification of a
model with a different variable (p. 395).
Econometrics and Statistics

EViews 8 offers a variety of additions and improvements to its set of econometric and statistical features. The following is a brief outline of the most important new features, followed
by additional discussion and pointers to full documentation.
ETS Exponential Smoothing

EViews 8 now offers support for exponential smoothing using the dynamic nonlinear model
framework of Hyndman, Koehler, et al. (2002).
The ETS (Error-Trend-Seasonal or ExponenTial Smoothing) framework which defines an
extended class of exponential smoothing methods that encompasses standard ES models
(e.g., Holt and HoltWinters additive and multiplicative methods), but offer a variety of new
methods.
In addition ETS smoothing offers a theoretical foundation for analysis of these models using
state-space based likelihood calculations, with support for model selection and calculation
of forecast standard errors.
You will find this feature using the Proc menu for a series object.
See ETS Exponential Smoothing, beginning on page 442 in the Users Guide I for
discussion.
See also Series::ets (p. 497) in the Object Reference for command support.
Census X-13
EViews 8 offers an easy-to-use front-end for working with the U.S. Census Bureaus X-13
seasonal adjustment tools. In addition to providing a wide range of new features (including
ARIMA regression prior to the seasonal adjustment step), X-13 is capable of performing
updated versions of X-11/X-12 or TRAMO/SEATS ARIMA seasonal adjustment.
Panel Covariances33
To perform X-13 seasonal adjustment, select Proc/Seasonal Adjustment/Census X-13...

from the series window menu in a quarterly or monthly workfile.
See Census X-13, beginning on page 404 in the Users Guide I for discussion.
See also Series::x13 (p. 556)in the Object Reference for command support.
Panel Covariances
Panel covariances and correlations are widely used in panel data analysis. For example:
Contemporaneous correlations between macroeconomic variables are often used to
examine the nature of relationships between different countries (see for example,
Obstfeld and Rogoff, 2001, p. 368).
The contemporaneous covariances of residuals from panel regression are used in computing cross-sectional Zellner SUR-type estimators (Johnston and Dinardo, 1997, p.
318) and in tests of cross-section dependence (Pesaran, 2004). Similarly, panel covariances are used as a first step in obtaining common factors for unit root and other tests
(Bai and Ng, 2004).
EViews 8 now offers easy-to-use tools for computing the panel covariances and correlations
for a series. Simply open the series, and select View/Panel Covariance... to display the dialog. Note that the workfile must be structured as a panel for the panel covariance menu entry
to be available.
Note that you may compute measures of association between cross-sections (contemporaneous covariances) or between periods of a given cross-section.
See Panel Covariances, beginning on page 825 in the Users Guide II for discussion.
See also Series::pancov (p. 514) in the Object Reference for command support.
Panel Principal Components

In addition to computing measures of association for a series across cross-sections or periods (Panel Covariances, beginning on page 33) EViews 8 also computes the principal
components of the panel variable using one of the measures of association.
As with the other principal components tools in EViews, you may display the table of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, display line graphs of the ordered eigenvalues, and examine scatterplots of the loadings and component scores. Furthermore you may save the component
scores and corresponding loadings to the workfile.
To compute and display the principal components results for a panel series, open the series,
and select View/Panel Principal Components... to display the dialog. Note that the workfile
must be structured as a panel for the panel covariance menu entry to be available.
Switching Regression35
See Panel Principal Components, beginning on page 830 in the Users Guide II for
discussion.
See also Series::panpcomp (p. 517) in the Object Reference for command line documentation.
See also Series::makepanpcomp (p. 510) in the Object Reference.
Switching Regression
EViews 8 now estimates single-equation switching regression modelslinear regression
models with nonlinearities arising from unobserved discrete changes in regime, including
models with independent and Markov switching. EViews also offers tools for filtering,
smoothing, and forecasting from your estimated equation.
Dynamics specifications are permitted through the use of lagged dependent variables as
explanatory variables and through the presence of auto-correlated errors (Goldfeld and
Quandt, 1973, 1976; Maddala, 1986; Hamilton, 1994; Frhwirth-Schnatter, 2006). The latter
models, which are commonly referred to as Hamilton switching models have been of particular interest to applied researchers.
To display the switching regression dialog, first open an equation by selecting Quick/Estimate Equation from the main menu and select SWITCHREG - Switching Regression in
the Method combo, or enter the command switchreg in the command line:
For detailed discussion, see

Chapter 31. Switching Regression, beginning on page 389 in the Users Guide II.
See also the command line documentation for:
Equation::switchreg (p. 143) in the Object Reference.
Equation::makergmprobs (p. 116) in the Object Reference.
Equation::maketransprobs (p. 117) in the Object Reference.
Equation::rgmprobs (p. 136) in the Object Reference.
Equation::transprobs (p. 149) in the Object Reference.
Bayesian Vector Autoregression (VARs)

EViews 8 now estimates Bayesian Vector Autoregression (BVAR) models which, as the name
suggests, employ uses Bayesian methods to estimate a vector autoregression (VAR). EViews
supports four different prior specifications on the parameters:
1. Litterman/Minnesota prior.
2. Normal-Wishart prior
3. Sims-Zha Normal-Wishart prior.
4. Sims-Zha Normal-flat
Robust Least Squares37
to provide shrinkage (restrictions on parameters to reduce the size of the parameter set) over
the unrestricted least squares VAR estimates.
To estimate a Bayesian VAR in EViews, click on Quick/Estimate VAR... or type var in the
command window. This will bring up the VAR Specification dialog. Select Bayesian VAR as
the VAR type radio button.
See Bayesian VAR on page 578 in Users Guide II for discussion.

See also the command line documentation for Var::bvar (p. 752) in the Object Reference.
Robust Least Squares

EViews 8 supports robust least squares regression methods designed to be robust, or less
sensitive, to outliers. EViews offers three different methods for robust least squares: M-estimation (Huber, 1973), S-estimation (Rousseeuw and Yohai, 1984), and MM-estimation
(Yohai 1987).
To estimate an equation using robust regression, open the equation dialog by selecting
Quick/Estimate Equation, by selecting Object/New Object/Equation and selecting
ROBUSTLS from the Method combo box, or by entering the robustls command in the
command line.
See Chapter 29. Robust Least Squares, on page 349 of Users Guide II for discussion.
See also the command line documentation for Equation::robustls (p. 138) in the
Object Reference.
Breakpoint Regression
EViews 8 offers new tools for estimating linear regression models that are subject to structural change. The regime breakpoints may be known and specified a priori, or they may be
estimated using the Bai (1997) and Bai and Perron (1998), global maximizer or sequential
methods, and related techniques. You may estimate pure breakpoint specifications in
which all of the regressors have regime specific coefficients, or specifications in which only
some coefficients vary with the regime.
To estimate an equation using least squares with breakpoints, select Object/New Object.../
Equation or Quick/Estimate Equation from the main EViews menu, then select
BREAKLS - Least Squares with Breakpoints in the Method drop-down menu, or simply
type the keyword breakls in the command window.
Heckman Selection Models39
See Chapter 30. Least Squares with Breakpoints, on page 369 of Users Guide II for
discussion.
See also Multiple Breakpoint Tests on page 174 of Users Guide II for related testing
procedures.
See the command line documentation for Equation::breakls (p. 47) and Equation::breakspec (p. 50) in the Object Reference.
Heckman Selection Models

Under the Heckman selection framework, the dependent variable, y i , in a linear regression
model is only observable for a portion of the data. A classic example, in economics, of the
sample selection problem is the wage equation for women, whereby a womans wage is
only observed if she makes the decision to enter the work place, and is unobservable if she
does not. The resulting selectivity bias implies that ordinary least squares is no longer an
appropriate estimator.
EViews 8 offers two different methods of estimating the Heckman (1979) least squares
model with sample selection: Heckmans original two-step method, and maximum likelihood estimation.
To estimate the Heckman Selection Model, open the equation dialog by selecting Quick/
Estimate Equation or Object/New Object/Equation in the main EViews menu and
selecting Heckit from the Method combo box. Alternately, you may enter the command
heckit in the command line.
See Heckman Selection Model on page 299 of Users Guide II for discussion.
See also the command line documentation for Equation::heckit (p. 96) in the
Object Reference.
Panel Cointegration Estimation

EViews 8 now offers tools for estimation of single equation panel cointegration estimators.
You may estimate your specification using the Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) panel estimators
outlined by Pedroni (2000), or the panel dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) estimators
described by (Kao and Chiang, 2000; Mark and Sul, 2003).
For both classes of estimators, EViews offers the pooled and weighted forms of the estimators, which combine data across cross-sections, and the grouped estimators, which combine
across cross-sections, the estimates obtained for each cross-section.
To estimate an equation using panel cointegration techniques, select Object/New Object.../
Equation or Quick/Estimate Equation from the main EViews menu, then select COINTREG - Cointegrating Regression in the Method drop-down menu, or simply type the keyword cointreg in the command window. Note that the workfile must be structured as a
panel for the panel options to be present.
User-Defined Optimization41
See Chapter 42. Panel Cointegration Estimation, beginning on page 797 of Users
Guide II for discussion.
See also the command line documentation for Equation::cointreg (p. 61) in the
Object Reference.
User-Defined Optimization
EViews offers a wide variety of built-in estimation methods that involve optimization,
including (but not limited to) those supported by the Equation, System, Sspace, and VAR
objects.
In addition, the EViews Logl object lets you maximize user-defined likelihood functions. but
the Logl object is restricted to computations that can be specified using series expressions,
with a log-likelihood objective represented as a series containing log-likelihood contributions for each observation.
In contrast, the new EViews 8 optimize command provides tools that allow you to find the
optimal parameters or control values of a user-defined function. Notably, optimize supports quite general functions so that the computations and the user-defined objective need
not be series-based.
See Chapter 10. User-Defined Optimization, beginning on page 225 of the Command and Programming Reference for discussion and examples.
See also the documentation for the command optimize (p. 383) of the Command
and Programming Reference.
Multiple Breakpoint Testing

EViews 8 extends the existing Chow and Quandt-Andrews structural break test tools to allow
for multiple breakpoint testing (Bai, 1997; Bai and Perron, 1998, 2003). You may now, for a
regression model estimated using linear least squares specified by list, ask EViews to test for
multiple unknown breakpoints up to a specified maximum.
EViews offers the following test methods:
Sequential L+1 breaks vs. L
Sequential tests all subsets
Global L breaks vs. none
L+1 breaks vs. global L
Global information criteria
You may test against pure breakpoint specifications in which all of the regressors have
regime specific coefficients, or specifications in which only some coefficients vary with the
regime
To use the EViews tools for testing for multiple breaks, you must use an equation that is
specified by list and estimated by least squares.From an estimated equation, bring up the
multiple break testing dialog, by clicking on View/Stability Diagnostics/Multiple Breakpoint Test...
See Multiple Breakpoint Tests on page 174 of Users Guide II for discussion.
See also Chapter 30. Least Squares with Breakpoints, on page 369 of Users Guide II
for related estimation procedures.
Panel Causality Tests43
See the command line documentation for Equation::multibreak (p. 119) in the
Object Reference.
Panel Serial Correlation Tests.

For panel equations estimated by GMM, EViews 8 computes the first and second order serial
correlation statistics proposed by Arellano and Bond (1991) as one method of testing for
serial correlation. The test is actually two separate statistics, one for first order correlation
and one for second. If the innovations are i.i.d. we expect the first order statistic to be significant (with a negative auto-correlation coefficient), and the second order statistic to be insignificant.
To perform the test click on View/Residual Diagnostics/Arellano-Bond Serial Correlation
Test. EViews will then calculate the test statistics for both first and second order correlation
and display them in a table:
Arellano-Bond Serial Correlation Test
Equation: Untitled
Date: 02/04/13 Time: 23:58
Sample: 1976 1984
Included observations: 611
Test order
AR(1)
AR(2)
m-Statistic
-2.427825
-0.332535
rho
-2.106427
-0.075912
SE(rho)
Prob.
0.867619
0.228281
0.0152
0.7395
See Arellano-Bond Serial Correlation Testing on page 788 of Users Guide II for discussion.
See Equation::abtest (p. 38) in the Object Reference.
Panel Causality Tests

EViews 8 extends the existing Granger Causality tests to perform panel data specific testing.
Least squares regressions with panel data can take a number of different forms, depending
upon assumptions made about the structure of the panel data. Since Granger Causality is
computed by running bivariate regressions, there are a number of different approaches to
testing for Granger Causality in a panel context.
EViews 8 supports two of the simplest approaches to causality testing in panels. The first is
to treat the panel data as one large stacked set of data, and then perform the Granger Causality test in the standard way, with the exception of not letting data from one cross-section
enter the lagged values of data from the next cross-section. The second approach, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) approach, makes an extreme opposite assumption; it allows all coefficients to be different across cross-sections.
See Panel Causality Testing on page 836 of Users Guide II for discussion.
See Group::cause (p. 260) in the Object Reference for command line support.
HAC covariances in GLM models

EViews 8 now offers heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) covariance
computation in equations estimated by GLM.
Simply call up the GLM estimation dialog as before by selecting Object/New Object.../
Equation or Quick/Estimate Equation from the main menu, or enter the keyword equation in the command window. Next select GLM - Generalized Linear Model in the Method
combo box.
The upper right-hand side of the dialog contains the Coefficient Covariance Options. To
estimate the equation with HAC covariances, simply select HAC (Newey-West) in the Covariance method drop-down menu. The HAC options button which appears provides access
to the standard HAC options.
Estimation using HAC covariances is discussed in the EViews 8 manual.

See Coefficient Covariance Options, on page 325 of Users Guide II for discussion.
See the command line documentation for Equation::glm (p. 83) in the Object Reference.
ARMA Specification by Range45
Quantile Regression Process Subsets

EViews 8 offers enhanced quantile regression process computation display and testing. Previously, display of quantile process graphs and tables, and symmetry and slope testing was
performed on all coefficients. This made it difficult to construct output focusing on the stability of particular coefficients, or to test only a subset of the possible coefficient restrictions.
You may now specify specific coefficients to display and test in these quantile process views.
See the updated command entries for:
Equation::qrprocess (p. 128).
Equation::qrslope (p. 130).
Equation::qrsymm (p. 131).
ARMA Specification by Range

ARMA terms in equations may now be specified using ranges defined by the keyword to.
Previously, to allow for AR terms from 1 to 4, you would have had to enter the terms individually, as in
equation eq1.ls y c ar(1) ar(2) ar(3) ar(4)
Similarly, a moving average with non-zero coefficients on both the first and second lagged
errors was specified as
equation eq2.ls y c ma(1) ma(2)
The EViews method of specifying individual terms allowed for considerable flexibility in
your ARMA specification, but was burdensome in the common case where there are no
restrictions on the AR or MA coefficients and you wish to include several terms.
We have extended the ARMA syntax so that EViews 8 now supports specifying your AR and
MA terms. The previous two equations may now be specified as:
equation eq1.ls y c ar(1 to 4)
equation eq2.ls y c ma(1 to 5)
Note that this syntax is similar to that supported for specifying lags of variables.
User-Specified Default Coefficients

Equation estimators that are specified by list now support user-specified coefficients.
Previously, estimation of an equation specified by list almost always required use of the C
coefficient vector in the workfile. Unfortunately, C is limited to 751 entries so that in the rare
settings where one wanted to estimate models with a greater number of coefficients, the
only solution was to specify the equation by expression.
You may now use the Coefficient name option to specify an alternate coefficient to use in
estimation of an equation specified by list. For example, the least squares dialog is depicted
below, with the option set to use the default C:
If the specified coefficient does not exist it will be created; if it is too small, it will be resized.
If it exists in the workfile but is of another object type, the estimation procedure will error.
The coef= option may be added to the options entries for all relevant single equation estimators:
coef=arg
(default=c)
Coefficient name to use in estimation.
User-Defined Objects47
Robust Wald F-statistics

EViews 8 now reports the robust Wald test of the null hypothesis that all non-intercept coefficients are zero in cases where you specify a robust coefficient covariance method.
Previously, EViews only reported the residual based F-statistic for testing the null hypothesis. This F-statistic statistic depends only on the coefficient point estimates, and not their
standard errors, and was valid only under the maintained hypotheses of no heteroskedasticity or serial correlation. For ordinary least squares without conventionally estimated standard errors, this statistic is numerically identical to the Wald statistic for the hypothesis that
all non-intercept coefficients are equal to zero. However, the numerical equivalence between
the two test statistics breaks down if robust standard errors are employed.
For equations estimated with robust standard errors EViews now reports both the original Fstatistic and associated probability and the Wald test statistic and probability. EViews
reports this statistic on equation output as the Wald F-statistic, and the corresponding pvalue as Prob(Wald F-statistic).
In addition, you may obtain these values from an equation using the @robf and @robfprob
data members, as in
scalar wstat = eq1.@robf
scalar wprob = eq1.@robfprob
where EQ1 is the estimated equation.
Programming Support
Programming in EViews 8 has been improved in a number of important ways.
User-Defined Objects
User-defined objects are an exciting new feature in EViews 8. A EViews user object allows
you to create your own object types inside of EViews. A user object may be as simple as a
storage container for other EViews objects, or it may be a sophisticated new estimation
object defined by multiple EViews programs, with views containing post-estimation tests
and results, and procedures producing output from the estimation results. Once defined, a
user object is almost indistinguishable from a built-in EViews object.
Defining a user object is quite easysimply specify the types of data and objects stored
inside your object, and if desired, define a set of views and procedures that be accessed via
commands, menus and dialogs.
Even if you do not go to the trouble of creating your own objects, you may take advantage of
this powerful tool by using user objects downloaded from the IHS EViews website or
obtained from third-parties.
See Chapter 9. User Objects, beginning on page 199 of Command and Programming
Reference for extensive discussion.
See the command line documentation for adduo (p. 276) in the Command and Programming Reference.
Add-Ins Management
EViews 8 offers an improved environment for managing and working with Add-ins. Among
other things, EViews now allows Add-ins to have a version number, and the Manage Addins dialog offers users Add-in the ability to update to the latest version of the Add-in simply
by clicking on a button:
See Chapter 8. Add-ins, beginning on page 173 of Command and Programming Reference for extensive discussion.
See the command line documentation for addin (p. 274) in the Command and Programming Reference.
Program Editor & Execution Enhancements

EViews 8 features two important enhancements to the program editor; program line numbers, and the ability to selectively run parts of a program.
Program Editor & Execution Enhancements49
Line numbers
EViews programs now allow you to view line numbers in the program. To enable line numbers in a program press the LineNum +/- button on the program tool bar (you may have to
widen the program window to see the toggle):
Note that line numbering can only be enabled if word wrap is switched off (you can use the
Wrap +/- button to turn it off).
You may right click anywhere in your program and select Go To Line... to jump directly to a
specific line number.
Selective Run
You may choose to only run part of your program by highlight the lines you wish to run,
then right-clicking and selecting Run Selected. EViews will then execute only the selected
line of code as a new program.
See Running Part of a Program on page 111 of Command and Programming Reference for extensive discussion.
Series Generating Functions

EViews 8 incudes a variety of new functions for generating values as part of a series expression.
Event Functions
These functions return information about each observations relationship with a specified
date, or date range.
Function
Description
@before(arg1)
Creates a dummy variable equal to 1 if the observation is before the date given by arg1. arg1 should be
enclosed in quotes.
@after(arg1)
Creates a dummy variable equal to 1 if the observation is after or on the date given by arg1. arg1
should be enclosed in quotes.
@during(arg1)
Creates a dummy variable equal to 1 if the observation lies between the dates given by the date pair
contained in arg1, and 0 otherwise. arg1 should be
given in quotes.
Matrix Language Tools51
@event(arg1[, basis])
Proportion of a one-off event that lies in each observation.
@holiday(arg1[, basis])
Proportion of an annual event that lies in each

observation.
See Event Functions, on page 557 in the Command and Programming Reference for discussion.
Indicator Functions
These functions produce indicators for whether each observation satisfies a specific condition:
Function
Description
@inlist(series, list)
Creates a dummy variable equal to 1 for observations where series is equal to one of the values
specified in list, and 0 otherwise. list should be a
quoted, space delimited list of values. This function
works on both numerical and alpha series.
@between(series, val1, val2)
Creates a dummy variable equal to 1 for observations where series is greater than or equal to val1
and less than or equal to val2.
See Indicator Functions, on page 559 in the Command and Programming Reference for discussion.
By-Group Statistics Functions

These functions return values corresponding to the group associated with each observation:
Function
Description
@firstsby(arg1, arg2[, s])
First non-missing value in arg1 for each arg2 group.
@lastsby(arg1, arg2[, s])
Last non-missing value in arg1 for each arg2 group.
See By-Group Statistics, on page 524 in the Command and Programming Reference for discussion of related by-group statistics.
Matrix Language Tools

We have improved the support for matrices in EViews 8, making it easier to work with
matrices, in particular to extract information from matrices and to perform common operations:
Matrix objects now have a number of data members that return information about the
matrix, including the number of rows or columns, or return useful transformations,
such as the transpose, the diagonal elements, or sub-elements of the matrix. See the
new Matrix Data Members on page 55.
There is a new set of vector procs, Vector::setglobalc (p. 796) and Vector::setglobalc (p. 796) in the Command and Programming Reference that allow
you to copy the values currently in the workfile C vector into or out of the vector.
You may now specify your own column and row headings for matrix objects (rather
than the default C1, C2..., or R1, R2...). The Matrix::setcollabels (p. 363) and
Matrix::setrowlabels (p. 366), procedures allow you to change the headings via
command.
Matrix Functions
EViews 8 includes a number of new matrix algebra and matrix utility functions, including
functions for horizontal and vertical concatenation, quadratic form calculation, and a new
easy function to fill a matrix object with values (all in the Command and Programming Reference):
@fill .................... create and fill a vector with a list of values (p. 627).
@hcat .................. horizontally concatenate two matrix objects (p. 630).
@qform................ compute a quadratic form of a symmetric matrix and a matrix or
vector (p. 640).
@uniquevals ........ returns a vector or svector containing the list of unique values in
the object (series, vector, alpha, matrix) (p. 649).
@vcat .................. vertically concatenate two matrix objects (p. 650).
Workfile Support
A number of new options are available in the workfile creation, opening and saving commands.
wfcreate (p. 471) (in the Command and Programming Reference) has new alignment
options that allow you to specify the starting day for weekly or biweekly workfiles, or
the starting month for quarterly, semi-annual or annual workfiles.
wfopen (p. 476), pageload (p. 404) and import (p. 363) (in the Command and Programming Reference) have a new option (byrow) for opening transposed data in raw
format files (ascii, Excel, etc...). There is also a new option for specifying the data
type of each series being opened/imported (types=).
The wfsave (p. 489) and pagesave (p. 406) commands (in the Command and Programming Reference) have a new option (mode=) to allow you to modify an existing
Excel file (without wiping existing data in the file), and one to save the file in transposed format (byrow).
General Information Tools53
The wfclose (p. 468) command (in the Command and Programming Reference) now
allows you optionally to optionally provide the name of a workfile if you do not wish
to close the active workfile.
Workfile Functions
In addition, you may use the following new function to obtain information about the open
workfile.
Function
Name
Description
@pagelist
list of workfile pages
returns a string containing a space

delimited list of the page names in
the current workfile.
Table Support
Program support for tables and table creation have been enhanced in EViews 8.
You may use the Table::setprefix (p. 716) and Table::setsuffix (p. 717) (in
the Object Reference) table procs prefixes and/or suffixes to selected cells in tables.
Tables may now be saved as Enhanced Metafiles or PDF files. See Table::save
(p. 702) in the Object Reference).
Tables and selected table views may be copy-and-pasted as OLE links into documents
in other applications such as Microsoft Word, Excel, or PowerPoint. These OLE links
allow you to double click on the linked table in the other application to open EViews
for additional customization, and to automatically update the table link when the
table or table view changes in your EViews workfile. See Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) on page 27.
Dated data table creation tools have been expanded and full programming language
support is now offered for the customization. See Dated Data Table Support on
page 20.
General Information Tools

EViews 8 offers additional tools for managing your EViews global options settings.
You may use the optsave (p. 388) (in the Command and Programming Reference)
command to save the current EViews global options settings .INI files into a directory. You may distribute these files to other users with whom you wish to share settings.
The optset (p. 389) (in the Command and Programming Reference) command
replaces the current EViews global options settings .INI files with saved options.
General Functions
In addition, you may use the following new function to obtain information about your
EViews application environment (all in the Command and Programming Reference):
@env ................... returns a string containing the value of a Windows environment
(p. 660).
@folderexist ......... check for a folders existence on disk (p. 662).
@wquery ............. returns a string list of object attributes for all objects in the database
that satisfy the query (p. 685).
@wread ............... returns a string containing the contents of the specified text file on
disk. (p. 686).
Object Data Members

EViews 8 offers an expanded set of object data members that provide access to information
about the object.
Some new members, such as @attr(arg), are common to all objects. Others, such as the
ones listed below, are object specific:
All Object Data Members

String values
@attr(arg) ......... string containing the value of the arg attribute, where the argument
is specified as a quoted string.
Equation Data Members

Scalar Values
@ncross ............... number of cross sections included in a panel equation.
@robf................... robust F statistic.
@robfprob............ probability value of the robust F statistic.
@npers ................ number of periods included in a panel equation.
@nregimes ........... number of regimes in a switching regression.
@pval(i) .............. i-th coefficient p-value
Vectors and Matrices

@cointcov ............ symmetric matrix containing the contemporaneous covariance for
cointegrating regression equations.
@initprobs ........... matrix containing initial probabilities for switching regression equations.
@lambda2cov....... symmetric matrix containing the portion of one-sided long run variances for cointegrating regression equations.
@pvals................. vector containing the coefficient probability values.
Object Data Members55
String Values
@coeflabels...........coefficient labels used in regression output table.
Matrix Data Members

Scalar values
@rows ..................number of rows in the matrix.
@cols ...................number of columns.
Matrix values
@col(i) .................The i-th column of the matrix. i may be a vector of integers, in
which case multiple columns are returned (as a matrix).
@diag ...................vector containing the diagonal elements of the matrix.
@dropcol(i) ..........Returns the matrix with the i-th column removed. i may be a vector
of integers, in which case multiple columns are removed.
@droprow(i) .........Returns the matrix with the i-th row removed. i may be a vector of
integers, in which case multiple rows are removed.
@row(j)................The j-th row of the matrix. j may be a vector of integers, in which
case multiple rows are returned (as a matrix).
@sub(i,j) ..............The (i,j)-th element of the matrix. Both i and j may be vectors of
integers, in which case multiple elements are returned (as a
matrix).
@t ........................transpose of the matrix.
Model Data Members

String values
@linklist...............string containing space delimited list of all linked objects in the
model
@spec(variable) .string containing the equation specification for the specified endogenous variable.
Rowvector Data Members

Scalar values
@cols ...................number of columns in the matrix.
Vector values
@dropcol(i) ..........Returns the rowvector with the i-th row removed. i may be a vector
of integers, in which case multiple rows are removed.
Table Data Members

Scalar values
@cols ...................number of columns in the table.
Vector Data Members

Scalar values
@rows ................. number of rows in the matrix.
Vector values
@droprow(i) ........ Returns the vector with the i-th row removed. i may be a vector of
integers, in which case multiple rows are removed.
Updated Command and Object List

Commands
addin ................... register a program file as an EViews Add-in.
adduo................... register an EViews User Object class.
breakls ................. least squares with breakpoints and breakpoint determination.
close .................... close object, program, or workfile (new features).
cointreg ................ cointegrating regression using FMOLS, CCR, or DOLS, or panel
FMOLS or DOLS (new support for panel estimation).
dbopen ................. open a database.
glm ...................... estimate a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) (new HAC covariance
support).
heckit................... estimate a selection equation using the Heckman ML or 2-step
method.
optimize............... find the solution to a user-defined optimization problem.
optsave................. save the current EViews global options settings .INI files into a
directory.
optset ................... replace the current EViews global options settings .INI files with
ones based in a different directory.
pageload............... load one or more pages into a workfile from a workfile or a foreign
data source (new features).
pagesave............... save the active page in the default workfile as an EViews workfile or
as a foreign data source.
robustls ................ robust regression (M-estimation, S-estimation and MM-estimation).
switchreg ............. exogenous and Markov switching regression.
userobj ................. declare an empty, unregistered user object.
wfclose................. closes the active workfile (new features).
wfcreate ............... create a new workfile (new features).
wfopen................. reads in a previously saved workfile from disk, or reads the contents of a foreign data source into a new workfile (new features).
wfsave.................. save workfile to disk as a workfile or a foreign data source.
Updated Command and Object List57
All Objects
Object Procs
olepush.................push updates to OLE linked objects in open applications.
setattr ...................set the value of an object attribute.
Equations
Equation Methods
breakls.................. least squares with breakpoints and breakpoint determination.
cointreg.................cointegrating regression using FMOLS, CCR, or DOLS, or panel
FMOLS or DOLS (with new support for panel estimation).
glm .......................Generalized Linear Models (GLM) (with new HAC covariance support).
heckit ...................estimate a selection equation using the Heckman ML or 2-step
method.
robustls.................robust regression (M-estimation, S-estimation and MM-estimation).
switchreg ..............exogenous and Markov switching regression.
Equation Views
abtest....................test for serial correlation in a panel GMM equation using the Arellano-Bond test.
breakspec..............display the breakpoint specification for an equation estimated by
least squares with breakpoints.
multibreak ............perform multiple breakpoint testing for an equation specified by list
and estimated by least squares.
qrprocess ..............display table or graph of quantile process estimates (with new features).
qrslope..................test of equality of slope coefficients across multiple quantile regression estimates (with new features).
qrsymm ................test of coefficients using symmetric quantiles (with new features).
rgmprobs ..............display the regime probabilities in a switching regression equation.
transprobs .............display the state transition probabilities in a switching regression
equation.
Equation Procs
makergmprobs ......save the regime probabilities in a switching regression equation.
maketransprobs.....save the state transition probabilities in a switching regression
equation.
Graphs
Graph Procs
addarrow ..............draw a line or arrow on a graph.
options ................. change the option settings of the graph (with new features).
save ..................... save graph to a graphics file (with new PDF save).
setfont .................. set the font for the text in a graph.
Groups
Group Views
cause.................... pairwise Granger causality tests (with new support for testing in
panel workfiles).
sheet .................... spreadsheet view of the series in the group (with new features).
Group Procs
ddrowopts ............ set the individual row options for the dated data table view of the
series in a group.
ddtabopts ............. set the table default options for the dated data table view of the
series in a group.
Matrices
Matrix Procs
setcollabels........... set the column headers in a matrix object spreadsheet.
setrowlabels ......... set the row headers in a matrix object spreadsheet.
Models
Model Views
compare ............... produce a table showing the differences between scenarios for the
specified series.
Model Procs
adjust................... prepare a variable for editing in the current scenario and/or update
its values using an array expression.
drop ..................... drop equations for one or more endogenous variables in the model.
droplink ............... drop linked objects from the model.
exclude................. specifies (or merges) excluded endogenous variables in the active
scenario (new features).
makegraph ........... make graph object showing model series (with new features).
makegroup ........... make group out of model series and display dated data table (with
new features).
override................ specifies (or merges) override series to the active scenario (with
new features).
reinclude .............. removes one or more variables from the excluded variable list.
replace ................. replace the text specification for an endogenous variable in the
model with a new specification.
Updated Command and Object List59
replacelink ............replace a linked object with a different linked object.

replacevar .............replace all instances of a variable in the text specification of a
model with a different variable.
revert ....................reverts one or more overridden variables in the active model scenario back to their baseline values.
Series
Series Views
pancov ..................compute covariances, correlations, and other measures of association for a panel series.
panpcomp .............perform principal components analysis on a panel series.
sheet .....................spreadsheet view of the series (with new features).
Series Procs
adjust....................modify or fill in the values in a series.
ets ........................perform Error-Trend-Season (ETS) estimation and exponential
smoothing.
makepanpcomp.....save the scores from a principal components analysis of a panel
series.
x13 .......................seasonally adjust series using the Census X-13ARIMA-SEATS
method.
Spools
Spool Procs
save ......................save spool object to disk as a CSV, tab-delimited ASCII text, RTF, or
PDF file (with new PDF save).
Tables
Table Procs
save ......................save table object to disk as a CSV, tab-delimited ASCII text, RTF,
HTML, or PDF file (with new PDF save).
setprefix ................set the cell prefix string for the specified table cells.
setsuffix ................set the cell suffix string for the specified table cells.
User Objects
User Object Declaration
userobj..................declare an empty, unregistered user object.
User Object Views
display ..................display table, graph, or spool output in the user object window.
label .....................display or change the label view of a user object.
members .............. display a list of the members of a user object.
User Object Procs

add ...................... add a data or object member to the user object.
clear..................... remove all members from the user object.
displayname ......... attach a display name to the user object.
drop ..................... drop a data or object member from the user object.
extract .................. display or copy a data member from the user object.
label..................... display or change the label view of a user object.
VAR
Var Methods
bvar ..................... estimate a Bayesian VAR specification.
Vector
Vector Procs
getglobalc............. copy the contents of the workfile C coefficient vector into the vector
object.
setglobalc ............. copy the contents of the vector object into the workfile C coefficient
vector.
Updated Function List

Matrix and Vector Functions
@fill .................... create and fill a vector with a list of values.
@hcat .................. horizontally concatenate two matrix objects.
@qform................ compute a quadratic form of a symmetric matrix and a matrix or
vector.
@uniquevals ........ returns a vector or svector containing the list of unique values in
the object (series, vector, alpha, matrix).
@vcat .................. vertically concatenate two matrix objects.
Program Support
@env ................... returns a string containing the value of a Windows environment.
@folderexist ......... check for a folders existence on disk.
@wquery ............. returns a string list of object attributes for all objects in the database
that satisfy the query.
@wread ............... returns a string containing the contents of the specified text file on
disk.
Other
See Object Data Members on page 54.
EViews 8 Compatibility Notes61
EViews 8 Compatibility Notes

The following discussion describes EViews 8 compatibility issues for users of earlier versions.
Workfile Compatibility
With few exceptions, EViews 8 workfiles are backward compatible with EViews 7. Note that
the following objects are new or have been modified in Version 8:
Equation objects estimated with methods that employ new features (breakpoint estimation, robust estimation, Heckman selection, panel cointegration, switching regression, GLM with HAC robust standard errors, Bayesian VARs.)
If you have saved workfiles containing any of the above objects and open them in EViews 7
or earlier, EViews will delete the incompatible object and notify you that one or more objects
were not read. If you then save the workfile, you will lose the objects. We recommend that
you make a copy of any workfiles that contain these objects if you would like to use these
workfiles in earlier versions of EViews.
Whats New in EViews 8.1

EViews 8.1 is a free upgrade to EViews 8 that offers important new features which improve
communication with users and enhance connectivity to external data sources and programs.
New Messaging System

EViews 8.1 introduces a messaging system that allows us to communicate news and important information to you on EViews startup. With this new system, youll never miss an
important notification. The messages are designed to be non-intrusive, and you can adjust
their frequency or opt out entirely.
EViews will now look for and display a message from us upon startup. These messages will
inform you of EViews related news items (such as info on a special EViews event) or more
important information (such as the availability of a patch, a new add-in, or a new version of
EViews).
The popup messages are designed to be non-intrusive and will dismiss themselves after a
short period of time. You may dismiss the messages explicitly by clicking the close button on
the message window or you can wait until the message self-dismisses. (Note that the last
high priority message will continue to appear every time EViews is run until the user manually clicks the close button to dismiss it.)
If you wish to change the frequency or suppress the popup messages, you may change the
message preferences in the general options dialog. Click on General Options/Environment/
Startup to display the startup options settings:
and select either Show Important Only to show only high priority messages (no news) or
Disable to turn off messaging entirely.
Expanded Database Connectivity

EViews 8.1 Enterprise Edition expands connectivity to external data sources by adding builtin support for two important data sources:
Bloomberg Reference Data Services market and economic data (Bloomberg on
page 334 in Users Guide I).
U.S. Energy Information Administrations database of energy and related economic
data (EIA (U.S. Energy Information Administration) on page 344 in Users Guide I).
EViews Enterprise users can now search, browse, fetch, and link to Bloomberg and EIA data
using the familiar EViews database interface.
Enhanced External Application and Data Connectivity

EViews 8.1 Enterprise Edition significantly improves your ability to access EViews data from
external programs and to develop interfaces that seamlessly connect EViews to external
data:
The new EViews Database Objects (EDO) Library gives EViews Enterprise customers
the ability to access data objects held inside EViews databases and workfiles from
within an external application (EViews Database Objects (EDO) Library on
page 162 of the Command and Programming Reference).
Enhanced External Application and Data Connectivity65
EViews 8.1 offers an EViews Database Extension (EDX) interface for developers who
wish to provide EViews Enterprise Edition access to their database formats. Any external data source that implements this interface can be opened directly from within
EViews Enterprise Edition and used just like an EViews database (EViews Database
Extension Interface on page 170 of the Command and Programming Reference).

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What are the new features introduced in EViews 8.1?

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How does the new messaging system in EViews 8.1 work?

EViews 8.

Estimation Forecasting Statistical Analysis

EViews 8.1 Getting Started

EViews 8.1 Getting Started

IHS Global Inc.

WHATS NEW IN EVIEWS 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

If the copy of EViews is not registered,

Frequently Asked Questions about Registration

Updating Your Copy of EViews7

Updating Your Copy of EViews

Where to Go For Help

The Help System

The EViews Manuals (PDF Files)

Where to Go For Help9

The EViews Forum

Whats New in EViews 8.0

General EViews Interface

12 Whats New in EViews 8.0

Custom object attributes (Custom Object Attributes on page 23).

Graphs, Tables, and Spools

Econometrics and Statistics

Robust least squares (Robust Least Squares on page 37).

Testing and Diagnostics

14 Whats New in EViews 8.0

New object data members (Object Data Members, on page 54).

EViews 8 Compatibility Notes

General EViews Interface

Enhanced Dialog Edit Fields

Enhanced Dialog Edit Fields15

16 Whats New in EViews 8.0

Spreadsheet Editing Tools17

See Comparing Workfiles on page 88 of Users Guide I for discussion.

Global Options Export and Import

Spreadsheet Editing Tools

18 Whats New in EViews 8.0

Group Data Comparison Tools19

Group Data Comparison Tools

See Group Comparison Tools on page 477 of Users Guide I.

20 Whats New in EViews 8.0

Auto-Series Across Workfile Pages

Dated Data Table Support

Custom Panel Spreadsheet Display21

Custom Panel Spreadsheet Display

22 Whats New in EViews 8.0

Direct Support for CEIC Databases

See CEIC on page 338 of Users Guide I for brief discussion.

Custom Object Attributes23

Support for Writing Excel XLSX Files

Transposed Foreign Data Reads

Custom Object Attributes

24 Whats New in EViews 8.0

Graphs, Tables, and Spools

Custom Graph Lines and Arrows25

Custom Graph Lines and Arrows

26 Whats New in EViews 8.0

User-Defined Fit Lines