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    Greek and Roman Weapons

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    Junko Tsukuda
    The document summarizes various swords, daggers, spears, shields, and armor used by the Greeks and Romans in ancient times. For swords, it describes the xiphos as the primary Greek short sword, while the gladius was most common for Roman legionnaires. For daggers, it outlines the acinaces used by Greeks and pugio and sica used by Romans. Major Greek spears included the dory and longer sarissa, while Roman spears consisted of the hasta and pilum javelin. Shields included the hoplon for Greeks and scutum for Romans. Greeks typically wore heavy bronze breastplates for armor.

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    Greek and Roman Weapons

    Uploaded by

    Junko Tsukuda
    225 views2 pages
    The document summarizes various swords, daggers, spears, shields, and armor used by the Greeks and Romans in ancient times. For swords, it describes the xiphos as the primary Greek short sword, while the gladius was most common for Roman legionnaires. For daggers, it outlines the acinaces used by Greeks and pugio and sica used by Romans. Major Greek spears included the dory and longer sarissa, while Roman spears consisted of the hasta and pilum javelin. Shields included the hoplon for Greeks and scutum for Romans. Greeks typically wore heavy bronze breastplates for armor.

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    Description of some Greek and Roman Weapons.

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    The document summarizes various swords, daggers, spears, shields, and armor used by the Greeks and Romans in ancient times. For swords, it describes the xiphos as the primary Greek short sword, while the gladius was most common for Roman legionnaires. For daggers, it outlines the acinaces used by Greeks and pugio and sica used by Romans. Major Greek spears included the dory and longer sarissa, while Roman spears consisted of the hasta and pilum javelin. Shields included the hoplon for Greeks and scutum for Romans. Greeks typically wore heavy bronze breastplates for armor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    225 views2 pages

    Greek and Roman Weapons

    Uploaded by

    Junko Tsukuda
    The document summarizes various swords, daggers, spears, shields, and armor used by the Greeks and Romans in ancient times. For swords, it describes the xiphos as the primary Greek short sword, while the gladius was most common for Roman legionnaires. For daggers, it outlines the acinaces used by Greeks and pugio and sica used by Romans. Major Greek spears included the dory and longer sarissa, while Roman spears consisted of the hasta and pilum javelin. Shields included the hoplon for Greeks and scutum for Romans. Greeks typically wore heavy bronze breastplates for armor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    ==SWORDS==

    =GREEK=
    Xiphos
    Primary weapon of Greek troops. The most standard short sword in Ancient
    Greece. This sword was double-edged, and mostly ranged from fifty to sixty centi
    metres long. The Spartans however, had them as short as thirty centimetres. The
    fact that it was leaf shaped meant it was excellent for both cutting and thrusti
    ng, making it the most versatile.
    Kopis and Makhaira
    Single-edged curved swords that ranged from forty to seventy
    centimetres. The curve varied from weapon to weapon, as well as whether it was b
    ent forward or backward. These swords were much more rarely used than the Xiphos
    . They were perfect for cutting rather than thrusting.
    Preferred weapon of Spartans. They used them like axes.
    Harpe
    Kind of like a scythe and a sword. It has a sickle jutting out of one edge
    near the tip of the blade. This made it good for both hacking and slashing, but
    not thrusting or stabbing.
    =ROMAN=
    Falcata Sort of the Kopis' Roman couterpart. Falcatas can come in double-edged b
    ut it's pretty rare. The Falcata is also the weapon of standard bearers since th
    ey don't fight in formation with the rest of their legion.
    Gladius Weapon of choice of most Roman Legionnaires. It's part of their standard
    equipment. It was double edged, and most often straight with a tapering off poi
    nt. Length ranges from 50-60 cm.
    Spatha A straight Roman long sword of about one metre. Mostly for horseback ride
    rs (a.k.a. the cavalry), because of their length, but were also effective on foo
    t. Eventually, legionnaires started using spathas instead of gladii. Gladii beca
    me the weapons of centurions and other high-ranking officials.
    ==DAGGERS==
    =GREEK=
    Acinaces Originally Persian, the Greeks adopted it into their own culture. Fight
    ing style of acinaces users mainly involves thrusting. Users were pretty much as
    sassins since they're used for little sneak attacks.
    =ROMAN=
    Pugio
    A Roman dagger that was mostly used as an ornament, but certainly function
    al. They most had either a leaf shape, or that of a shortened xiphos. They also
    came with very fancy sheaths that rested on the hip.
    Sica A large curved dagger, like a smaller version of a Falcata, used in Ancient
    Rome. The curve was meant to help the user get around a shield, or slash them f
    rom behind.
    Sicas were often decorated with spiritual significance.
    Parazonium
    A leaf-shaped Roman dagger, symbolic for Virtus and Mars. They were o
    ften carried in a chest band, and was seen as a mark of rank, because it was mos
    tly used by officers.
    ==SPEARS==

    =GREEK=
    Doru
    Standard Greek spear of about two-to three meters. It has a leaf-shaped bla
    de at one end and short spike on the other.
    Sarissae
    The Sarissa is considerably longer than the Dory; about five and a half
    metres. The spearhead and butt-spike remained the same. It required two hands t
    o wield. What makes the Sarissa most unique is that it was made up of two parts
    that stuck together in the center with bronze tubes. The wielder could use just
    one end in close combat, and both in a tight formation wall of spears.
    Xyston The medium between a Dory and Sarissa, the Xyston was about three to four
    and a half metres in length, could either be used with one or both hands, depen
    ding on the varying length and the strength of the user. The Xyston had a spearh
    ead on both ends, like an ancient version of Darth Maul s lightsaber.
    Akontia
    =ROMAN=
    Hasta
    An Ancient Roman short spear of about two metres length. While these spear
    s were used in battle, they are more widely known for their symbolism in the leg
    ion; they were awarded as a military decoration when someone proved merit in bat
    tle.
    Pilum An Ancient Roman javelin of about two metres length, (six feet and seven i
    nches,) that was lightweight and therefore not very effective in close combat. T
    he head was pyramid shaped, and unlike spears, had no butt-spike. These were spe
    cifically designed to destroy enemy shields.
    Trident - Gladiator purposes
    ==SHIELDS==
    =GREEK=
    Hoplon
    Pelte
    =ROMAN=
    Scutum
    Parma
    Cetratus
    ==ARMOR==
    =GREEK=
    Heavy bronze breastplate
    ==Other==
    =GREEK=
    Toxa - bow. Wooden stave bow.
    Sfendonai - Sling

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