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    Permutation

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    Gina
    The document discusses permutations and combinations through examples involving forming words, numbers, and seating arrangements. Permutations are calculated using factorials and the formula P(n,k). Examples involve finding the number of arrangements of letters, digits, and people in different scenarios.

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    Permutation

    Uploaded by

    Gina
    109 views16 pages
    The document discusses permutations and combinations through examples involving forming words, numbers, and seating arrangements. Permutations are calculated using factorials and the formula P(n,k). Examples involve finding the number of arrangements of letters, digits, and people in different scenarios.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document discusses permutations and combinations through examples involving forming words, numbers, and seating arrangements. Permutations are calculated using factorials and the formula P(n,k). Examples involve finding the number of arrangements of letters, digits, and people in different scenarios.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    109 views16 pages

    Permutation

    Uploaded by

    Gina
    The document discusses permutations and combinations through examples involving forming words, numbers, and seating arrangements. Permutations are calculated using factorials and the formula P(n,k). Examples involve finding the number of arrangements of letters, digits, and people in different scenarios.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 16

    Chapter 3

    Section 3.1, 3.2: Permutation


    Example1: How many different 2 letters words can be formed out of the letters A, B and C?

    Example2: Using the letters A, B, C, D, E and F. How many different words can be formed if the word contains:

    a) 3 letters

    b) 4 letters

    c) all letters

    Factorial Notation: n! = n.(n - 1).(n - 2).....2.1


    5! = 5.4.3.2.1 = 120

    Permutation: P(n, k) = n! / (n - k)!


    P(5 , 2) =

    P(5 , 1) =

    P(5 , 5) =

    P(5 , 0) =

    P(10, 3) =

    1! = 1

    0! = 1

    Example 3: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 9.
    (The question has no restriction, then it is without replacement or each digit can be used only once. Always solve it
    without replacement, unless the problem specifically asks otherwise)

    Example 4: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 9, if each digit can be used more
    than once (with repetition).

    For the next examples, it is easier solve them with those hints:
    1) If there is no restriction, then use the formula

    2) If there is restriction such as the number must be even, or must start with a certain digit, then solve the restriction
    first.

    3) Use the following translations:


    When you use the word Or, then add (+)
    When you use the word And, then Multiply (.)

    Example 5: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 8. If:

    a) with no repetition (No Restriction)

    b) with repetition

    Example 5 Cont.: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 8. If:
    c) the number must be even with no repetition, then with repetition

    With no repetition

    With repetition

    Example 5 Cont.: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 8. If:

    d) the number must be odd with no repetition, then with repetition

    With no repetition

    With repetition

    Example 5 Cont: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 8. If:
    e) the number must be larger than 5000 with no repetition

    f) the number must be less than 2000 with no repetition

    Example 5 Cont: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 8. If:
    g) the number must start with 7 or 8 with no repetition

    h) the number cannot start with 7 with no repetition

    Example 5 Cont: How many 4-digits number can be formed out of 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 8. If:

    i) the number must have both odd and even digits.


    with no repetition

    with repetition

    Example 6: How many five digit codes can be formed if the first two digits must be non-repeated letters
    of the alphabet, and the last three digits can be repeated numbers from the set {0 - 9}

    Example 7: fair coin is tossed 5 times and the result ( heads or tails ) is noted on each flip. How many outcomes
    are in the sample space for this experiment?

    Example 8: A certain test has 10 multiple choice questions with 4 choices each, followed by 12 true/false questions.
    An answer sheet consists of one answer to each question. In how many different ways could you
    fill in the answer sheet?

    Example 9: There are 3 women and 3 men to be seated in a row of 6 chairs.


    In how many different ways they can be seated if:
    a) there is no restriction

    b) one woman at each end with no other restrictions

    c) they must alternate

    d) a particular couple must sit together.

    Example 10: There are 3 women and 3 men in to be seated in a row of 10 chairs. In how many different ways they can be
    seated if:
    a) there is no restriction

    b) one man at each end with no other restriction

    Example 11: There are 5 seats numbered 1,2,3,4 and 5 . Seats 1, 2 and 3 for women, seats 4 and 5 for men.
    There are 5 women and 4 men to be seated, one of the women is Linda. In how many different way
    they can be seated if:
    a) there is no restriction

    b) if Linda must be included

    Example 12a: There are 3 people Adam (A), Bob (B) and Carol (C) to be seated in a row of 3 chairs,
    in how many different ways they can be seated ?

    Example 12b: Repeat the same question, but to be seated around a circular table.

    Example 13: There are 4 women and 4 men in to be seated around a circular table,
    in how many different ways they can be seated ?

    Example 14: How many words or numbers can be formed by rearranging;


    a) ABCD

    c) STATISTICS

    d) 1112235

    b) ABBA

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