Exile in Dapitan
Exile in Dapitan
Exile in Dapitan
(1892-1896)
A. Arrival in Manila
June 26, 1892
II. Officers
President: Ambrosio Salvador
Fiscal: Agustin dela Rosa
Treasurer: Bonifacio Arellano
Secretary: Deodato Arellano
III. Constitution
1. To unite the whole archipelago into one compact and homogenous body.
2. Mutual protection in every want and necessity.
3. Defense against all violence and injustice.
4. Encouragement of instruction, agriculture and commerce.
A. Beginning of Exile
July 17, 1892- Arrested and deported to Dapitan, without any benefit of trial.
Reasons:
1. He published books which showed disloyalty to Spain.
2. Pobres Frailes which was published was against the customs of religious orders.
3. His novel El Fili was dedicated to Gomburza and on the title page he wrote the vices
and errors of Spanish administration and his claim that the only salvation is the separation
from mother country.
4. The end which he pursues his efforts us to tear from the loyal Filipino breasts the
treasures of the Holy Catholic Faith.
Pastells- Superior of the Jesuit Society in the Philippines when Rizal is exiled in Dapitan
Rizal's former teacher at Ateneo Municipal
Obach- Jesuit parish priest of Dapitan.
Conditions:
1. That Rizal publicly retracts his errors concerning religions, an make statements that
were clearly pro-spanish and against revolution.
2. That he perform church rites and make a general confession of his last life.
3. That henceforth he conduct himself in an exemplary manner as Spanish subject and a
man of religion.
*Rizal did not agree.
-Rizal never drank hard liquor and never smoked, but he was a lottery addict, this was his
only vice.
-September 21, 1982- the mall boat Butuan arrived.
Lottery ticker No. 9736 won.
Owned by Capitan Carnicero, Dr. Jose Rizal and Francisco
Equillor (from Dipolog)
Prize of Php 20, 000 from government owned Manila Lottery.
Started when Pastells sent Rizal a boom by Sarda, with advice that Rizal, should desist
from his majaderas (foolishness) in viewing religion from the prism of individual
judgement and self-esteem .
Rizal revealed his anti-catholic ideas- "Religions may vary, but they all to the light."
Pastellls tried his best to win back Rizal to the fold of catholicism. He pointed out Divine
faith and refuted Rizal's attack on catholic dogmas.
Inspite of debates, they remind goodfriends. Pastells gave Rizal a copy of the Imitacion
de Cristo, a book of Father Thomas Kempis.
Rizal continued to be Catholic. He continued to hear mass at the Catholic Church in
Dapitan and Celebrated Christmas and other religious fiestas.
Pablo Mercado- a spy assumed as a relative, secretly visited Rizal.real name was
Florencio
It was in June 1884 when he successfully removed the cataract of his Mother. It was third
time. First two was in Calamba and HongKong. Dona Teodora ignored her son's
instruction , removed the bandage from her eyes thereby causing infection.
Poor patients were given free medicines.
Some rich patients paid him for surgical skills.
Because of his ophthalmic prowess his mother eyesight was restored.
He became interested with local medicine and the use of medicinal plants and used them
for prescriptions.
B. As an engineer
As an expert surveyor (perito agrimensor) from Ateneo, even if there were inadequate
tools, materials and limited finances, he constructed a good water system without any aid
from the government. For this he was praised by American Engineer HF Cameron.
A dam was also constructed with stones, bricks, and sand with his 14 students.
He supplemented his training as a surveyor by reading books of engineer.
D. As a teacher
Taught his boys, reading, writing, languages (Spanish and English), geography, history,
math ( arithmetic and geometry), industrial work, nature study, morals and gymnastics. he
trained them to collect specimens of plants and animals and to "behave like men"
Formal classes 2:00-4:00P!
Best pupil was called "emperor" -just like in Ateneo
During recess, pupils built fires to drive away insects, pruned fruits trees and manured
soil.
Outside class hours, Rizal encouraged the, to play games in order to strengthen their
bodies
E. As a scientist
F. As a linguist
Continued his studies of languages - Bisayan (cebuan), subunum, and malay languages.
Made a comparative study of the bisayan and malayan languages.
He knew 22 languages (tagalog, iloko, bisaya, subanun, Spanish, Latin, Greek, English,
French, German, Arabic Malayan, Hebrew, Sanskrit, Dutch, Catalan, Italian, Chinese,
Japanese Portuguese, Swedish and Russian.
G. As an artist
help sister of Charity in preparation for the Holy Virgin Sanctuary. (Procured form
abroad)
drew species that he discovered.
statuette the species that he discovered.
other works
Bust of Father Guerrico ( one of the Ateneo professors)
The Dapitan Girl
Bust of St. Paul
Backdrop behind the church of altar that shows the spirit of Holy Week.
H. As a farmer
-
I.As a businessman
in partnership with Ramon Carreon, he had business ventures in fishing, lime, copra, and
Hemp industries (most profitable)
improved fishing industry
Introduced modern day hemp stripping machines improving the hemp industry.
organized Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers on January 1, 1895 - to break
Chinese Monopoly
Manuel Hidalgo requested for Jose Rizal to look for 2 Calamba Fishermen who are
willing to engage in fishing industry.
Rizal also joined a contract with a spaniard to supply fish in Dapitan.
J. As an inventor
invented the "sulpukan" - a cigarette lighter made of wood. The mechanism was based on
the principle of compressed air.
invented a machine for making bricks - 600 bricks per day.
K. As a writer
A Don Ricardo Carnicero - a poem written by Rizal as a gift to captain Carnicero on his
birthday
Estudio Sobre De Lengua - February 1983, to father Sanchez
El Consejo de los Dioces (April 30 1895)
Mi Retiro ( sends her mother a copy on October 22, 1895)
My Retreat
a beautiful poem about his serene life as an exile in Dapitan
Acclaimed by literary critics as one of the best ever panned by Rizal.
Himno A Talisay
hymn to the Talisay Tree
Rizal constructed his school at his home in Talisay, Near Dapitan. His favorite
rendezvous with his boys was under the a Talisay Tree, after the placed was
named. In honor of the tree, he wrote a poem for his pupils to sing,
o La curacion de hechizados
o
o
o
o
o
o
August 28, 1983 death of Leonora Rivera left poignant to Rizal's heart.
Josephine Bracken, Irish Girl, 18
Mother died in childbirth and was adopted bg George Taufer, who later became blind.
Seek service to Rizal since no HongKong specialist could cure Taufer's blindness
Rizal and Josephine fell in love with each other at first site. After a whirlwind romance of
one month, they agreed to marry but Fr. Obach refused to marry them.
When Taufer heard they projected marriage, he flared upon with rage. The blindman went
away uncured. His blindness was incurable.
Taufer returned to HongKong stayed in Manila and returned in Dapitan
Rizal and Josephine happily married as a man and wife as they married themselves before
the eyes of God.
Death of Rizal's son
Because he played a prank with her, Josephine gave birth prematurely to
an 8-month old baby boy who live 3-Hours
Was names "FRANCISCO" in honor of Don Francisco and was buried in
Dapitan.
Reasons:
RESCUE ATTEMPTS
( from the book Popularizing Rizal in Briefs edited by Edgar Valencia Rosero
- Rizal was unaware that since his departure in Manila Bay on his way to Spain, Blanco and the
ministers of Way and the colonies were exchanging coded telegrams and confidential messages
for his arrest upon Barcelona. He travelled as deportee and was being secretly kept under
surveillance.
1. Doctor Pio Valenzuela in Dapitan
2. Manila Bay with Emilio Aguinaldo and other Compatriots
August 1896: Rizal was granted by Blanco of his request as a volunteer physician in the
government hospitals of Cuba.
Rizal sailed from Dapitan to Manila; upon reaching Manila, Jacinto who was disguised in
Chinese costume as a merchant told him that he would kidnapped from his enemies and
ascertain him that they have the necessary force to do it.
Knew about Roxas' and Rizals' trip and was aware that the two would be arrested before
arriving Spain, endeavored his best to convince then to stay in Singapore and not to
proceed to Spain.
Rizal rejected the proposal and gave to Camus his letters for his friends and families.
Don Antonio Maria Regidor of London with Sixto Lopez, Judge Camus and others plan
to rescue him by issuing out a writ of Habeas Corpus and so snatching him from the
Spanish Authority.
WHC was rejected, this case was lost.
_____________________________________________
Rizal refused to take advantage of the chances of saving his life.
-It was unworthy for him to since he was Innocent and he believed that Justice would
triumph.
-Escape would create impression of his guilt.
-He does not want to break his promise.
-He was a man of verity, honesty, loved who died from duties and principles.