Master Data in SD
Master Data in SD
Master Data in SD
MASTER DATA IN SD
Customer Master
The customer master is a data record that contains all the information
pertaining to
a client, a customer, or any other business partner who plays a role in the
business.
As noted, a master data record is shared and updated across the
organization. The
customer master data is used and updated by the sales department (which
maintains
the customer groups, preferences, classification, and so on) and the finance/
accounting department (which is more concerned with things such as bank
details,
credit classification, and account numbers). The common datasuch as the
customers
name and addressis used centrally. Based on this requirement, SAP
structures
customer master data into three parts:
1)General data, which is common to the entire organization
2)Sales data, which is specific to a sales area
3)Company code data, which is specific to the company code
This breakdown enables you to segregate authorizations and structure the
customer
master data.
Page 2 of 40
will play. SAP then copies this information to all the sales documents for this
customer.
Thus, you can ensure that the delivery is shipped to the door of the ship-to
party and that the correct payer is scheduled to make the payments.
The following partner functions are the most frequently used:
1)Sold-to party (AG)
2)Ship-to party (AU)
3)Bill-to party (RE)
4)Payer (RG)
Account Groups
Each partner function is assigned to an account group. Account groups are
primarily
used to control the screens and fields required to maintain data for each
customer,
based on the customers roles. As you will see in the subsequent sections,
you
can control several important settings based on the account group.
Page 3 of 40
Page 4 of 40
Page 5 of 40
Page 6 of 40
One-Time Customers
Some customers require your service once in a lifetime. Therefore, it is not required
to set up these types of customers. In such cases, you can set up a one-time customer
master record. In this type of customer master, you do not capture any data
specific to a single customer. This makes the customer master record reusable.
Specifically, the same customer number has different names and address information
in different sales documents, and whenever you use a one-time customer number
in a sales order, the system prompts you to enter the actual name and address of
the customer placing this specific order (Figure 3.3). Since this data is stored only in
the current sales document, you can reuse the customer number. One of the common
Page 7 of 40
Page 8 of 40
SAP comes with a set of standard account groups that should meet most
business
requirements. However, if you want to segregate different groups of
customers
with different number ranges or screen layouts, you can create additional
account
groups. For each account group, you can control the setup of various
screens, fields,
and attributes. If you need to set up a custom account group, use the
following
path: IMG Financial Accounting Account Receivable and Account Payable
For each account group, you can customize the screens, mark fields as
mandatory
or optional, and even hide them. The purpose of this step is to keep only
those fields
that are relevant to your business.
Page 9 of 40
To do this, start by specifying the account group that you want to customize,
and
then click the Details icon. In Figure 3.7, we have selected the account group
0001
(Sold-To Party).
The Details screen will show you the attributes of the account group, such as
the
number range and partner determination procedure. To customize the field
selection,
first choose from General Data, Company Code Data, or Sales Data.
Doubleclick
any of these to go to the Maintain Field Status Group: Overview screen
Defining Industries
An industry is a group of customers with the same basic business activity.
You can
specify industries of your customers, such as trade, banking, service,
manufacturing,
healthcare, public service, media, and so on. The Industry appears in the
general data of the customer master record (as seen in Figure 3.12) and can
be an
Page 10 of 40
Defining Attributes
SAP provides 10 freely definable attribute fields. You can use these fields to
capture
various attributes or preferences of your customer. They are two-character
fields. To
add values applicable to your organization, click the attribute in the list, and
enter
new values.
Page 11 of 40
Page 12 of 40
master.
Sales In this section, you can define sales districts that cater to various geographical
areas. You can also create different customer groups. This helps users track
regional sales and derive reports.
Shipping Among other functions, this tab lets you define delivery priorities.
The value you input here will define the urgency of the order. Regular or important
customers can be assigned a higher priority by default. This field gets copied into
sales orders, where it can be changed manually, if needed. Delivery priority plays a
critical role in getting stock committed to sales orders. You will study it in detail in
Chapter 6, Availability Check, Transfer of Requirements, and Backorders.
Billing Document In this section, you can define Payment terms and Incoterms,
as required. These are usually set up in consultation with the FI team.
We will use here XD01 for Customer Master Creation.
Step 1 Enter T-Code XD01 in Command field.
2.
3.
4.
Page 13 of 40
2.
Enter Bank City / Bank Key / Bank Account / Account Holder Name.
Page 14 of 40
3.
2.
Enter City
3.
Page 15 of 40
2.
Material Master
The material master contains all the information about the product or service being
sold. This information is shared across the organization and maintained by different
departments. Hence, it is structured in views according to the various functions
such as Purchasing view, MRP view, Accounting view, and Sales view. SD-related
data is structured in three viewsSales: Sales Org 1, Sales: Sales Org 2, and Sales:
General/Plant. These three views will be the focus of the following discussion.
Page 16 of 40
Page 17 of 40
Basic Data
This view contains product data common to the entire organization. Hence, you do
not have to specify any specific organizational level to create this view. The material
description, units of measure, and attributes such as weight, volume, and status
appear in this view.
There are three sales views in the material master: Sales Org. 1, Sales Org. 2, and
General/Plant Data.
Page 18 of 40
Page 19 of 40
Alternative Unit Of Measure If you have more than one unit of measure,
you
maintain the alternatives and their conversion to the base unit in the
Additional
Data section of the material master. For example, some music CDs are
stored as
individual pieces (EA) but could also be sold or procured in packs of 10 (PAC).
In
this example, EA is the base unit of measure; PAC is the alternative unit of
measure.
The conversion is 10 EA = 1 PAC.
Sales Unit Of Measure The unit of measure in which the material is sold is
the
sales unit. If you need to specify a different unit for sales, enter it here.
Quantity Stipulations You can specify any stipulations regarding material
quantity in sales.
Minimum Order Quantity This refers to the lowest quantity that a
customer
must order for this material. The marketing or pricing strategy of your
organization
may set a limit on the order quantity.
Minimum Delivery Quantity This refers to the minimum quantity that
must
be delivered to the customer. This is often governed by transportation and
logistical
constraints.
Delivery Unit This is the unit in which the material is delivered. If you
specify
the Delivery Unit setting as five pieces, then you can deliver in multiples of
five
only (5, 10, 15, and so on).
Sales Status To signify the status of the material in the sales life cycle, you
use
the Sales Status setting. Certain products may be new and not yet released
in the
market. Others may have reached the end of their life cycle, become
obsolete, or be
discontinued. You can update the status in the material master in order to
control
or stop the sales of such items. In the material master, you can set the Sales
Status
setting specific to a distribution chain (using the field DChain - Spec. Status)
or
across the entire organization (using the field X-Distr. Chain Status). These
fields are
Page 20 of 40
used in conjunction with the validity date to specify when the status will take
effect.
Tax Data This allows you to specify the tax classification for the material in
each
country. (We will cover the details and impact of this in Chapter 5, Pricing
and
Tax Determination.)
Delivering Plant This is where you specify the default plant chosen to
deliver this
material.
Page 21 of 40
item category. It controls the behavior and flow of the material across the
sales
documents.
Material Pricing Group This field is used in pricing a product. It is used to
group
together materials that have the same price or pricing condition.
Material Group There are five grouping terms provided to classify and
group the
material in various categories.
Product Attributes You can capture the specific attributes of the product and
control the sales transaction such that the order can be processed only if the attributes
are acceptable to the customer.
Page 22 of 40
Availability Checking Group The availability group controls how stocks are
checked and committed to sales orders. Hence, it is a critical field. It plays a key
role and will be covered in detail in Chapter 6, Availability Check, Transfer of
Requirements, and Backorders.
Loading Group This field plays a role in logistics by determining the shipping
point. It will be covered in detail in Chapter 8, Shipping and Transportation.
General Information Other general data fields include packaging material information,
transportation groups, and weight.
Page 23 of 40
Page 24 of 40
In the Setting For Key Fields node, there is a special submenu critical to sales and
distribution. The path to it is Logistics General Material Master Setting For Key
Fields Data Relevant To Sales and Distribution. Two of the important settings
here are Define Sales Statuses and Define Material Groups.(OMSF)
Maintaining a Product Hierarchy
The Product Hierarchy field appears in the material master view Sales: Sales Org 2.
To maintain the value, use transaction code MM01 (Create Mode) or MM02
(Change Mode).
Based on the structure of your product line, you can create your own product hierarchy.
The standard SAP system offers a three-tiered product hierarchy. Level 1 and
level 2 are five digits each. Level 3 is eight digits long (and is called the 5/5/8 schema).
Thus, the total length of hierarchy adds up to 18 digits.
Customizing a Product Hierarchy
To configure the product hierarchy, the path is as follows: IMG Logistics
General Material Master Settings For Key Fields Data Relevant For
Sales and Distribution Define Product Hierarchies Maintenance: Product
Hierarchy (V/76).
If the SAP standard schema (5/5/8) meets the requirements of your organization,
Page 25 of 40
you can maintain the hierarchy levels in this transaction. You can add new entries
to set up the various levels in your product hierarchy. When you enter a hierarchy
code, the level number is determined automatically by the system based on the
number of characters you have entered. For example, if you enter a five-character
entry, the system determines the level number as 1. Similarly, a 10-character entry
would be level 2. Level 3 would have 18-character records.
Let us discuss this further with the example of Galaxy Musical Instruments, which
has adopted the standard 5/5/8 schema shown in Figure 3.27 for its musical instrument
inventory.
1) How to Create Material Stock
Their are more then one Tcode for create Material Stock .
1.
2.
Step-1.
1.
2.
Page 26 of 40
Step-2
After enter on above screen ,item screen as below appear
Page 27 of 40
Step-3
click on save
button .
MOVE: '05'
TO it_code-gm_code,
"Asig.cd.trans.mov.mca
Page 28 of 40
matnr
TO it_item-material, "Material
werks
TO it_item-plant,
"Centro
lgort
TO it_item-stge_loc, "Almacen
cant
TO it_item-entry_qnt, "Cant.Uni.med.entr
'521'
TO it_item-move_type, "Cl.mov.(gest.stocks)
''
APPEND it_item.
CLEAR it_item.
= it_code
IMPORTING
goodsmvt_headret = it_headr
materialdocument = mat_doc
matdocumentyear = doc_year
TABLES
goodsmvt_item
return
= it_item
= it_bapir.
Movement Type
101 GR goods receipt
102 Reversal of GR
Page 29 of 40
103 GR into blocked stck
105 GR from blocked stck
121 GR subseq. adjustm.
122
124
131
141
161
201
221
231
241
251
261
281
291
301
303
305
309
311
313
315
317
319
321
323
325
331
333
335
340
342
344
350
352
402
404
406
412
414
416
442
452
454
456
458
460
502
504
506
512
522
524
526
532
RE return to vendor
GR rtrn blocked stck
Goods receipt
GR G subseq. adjustm
GR returns
162
GI for cost center 202
GI for project
GI for sales order 232
GI for asset
GI for sales
GI for order
GI for network
GI all acc. assigmts
TF tfr.plnt.to plnt.
TF rem.fm.stor.to pl
TF pl.in stor.in pl.
TF tfr.ps.mat.to mat
TF tfr. within plant
TF rem.fm.str.toSLoc
TF pl.in str.in SLoc
Create struct. mat.
Split structured mat
TF quality to unrest
TF quality in plant
TF blocked in plant
GI to sampling QI 332
GI to sampling unre.
GI to sampl. blocked
TF bch revaluation 341
TF unr. to rstricted
TR blocked to unre.
TR blocked to qual.
TR to stck in trans.
TP own to sales ord.
TP own to consgt. 405
TP own to project 411
Reversal own to own
Rev. SLoc to sls ord
Rev. SLoc to proj. 441
TP tiedEmp.to unrstr
RE returns (rev.) 453
TP own to returns 455
TR St.tfr. returns 457
TP Own QIS to ret. 459
TP Own blckt to ret.
RE receipt w/o PO 503
RE receipt to qual.
RE receipt to blockd
RE deliv. w/o charge
RE receipt w/o PrOrd
RE quality w/o PrOrd
RE blocked w/o PrOrd
RE by-product
GR
RE
RE
RE
TF
TP
TP
TP
TP
TF
TP
TP
GI
Page 30 of 40
534
536
542
544
546
552
554
556
558
562
564
566
572
574
576
582
602
604
606
622
624
632
634
636
642
644
646
648
652
654
656
658
662
672
674
676
678
6A2
6A4
6A6
6A8
6B2
6B4
6B6
6B8
6K6
6W6
702
704
708
712
714
716
718
722
732
802
RE by-product
GR by-prod. sls.ord.
RE subctrStck toWhse
GI receipt sls.or.st
GI issue SC by-prod.
RE scrapping
RE scrapping QI
555
RE scrapping blocked
GI adjust. transit 561
RE entry of st.bals.
RE EntrStBals: QI 565
RE EntrStBals: blckd
RE receipt assembly
RE rcpt QI assembly
RE rcpt blkd assmbly
RE by-prod. network
RE goods deliv. rev.
TR rem.fm.stor.to pl
TR pl.in stor.in pl.
GI ret.pack:ret.del.
GI rcpt:cust.re.pack
GI consgmt:ret.delvy
GI rcpt:cust.consgmt
TR consgmt ret. del.
TR to stck in trans.
TR to cross company
TR cross company
647
TR to stck in trans.
GD ret.del. retn rev
GD returns unr. rev.
GD returns QI rev. 657
GD returns blk. rev.
RE ret. to vdr revrs
TF to stck in trans.
TR to cross company
TF cross company
677
TF to stck in trans.
TR GI1
6A3
TR CC GI1
6A5
TR CC GI1
6A7
TR GI1
6B1
TR GI2
6B3
TR CC GI2
6B5
TR CC GI2
6B7
TR GI2
6K5
TR GI2 consi
TR GI1 consi
GI phys.inv.: whse 703
GI phys.inv: QI
707
GI phys.inv.:blocked
GR InvDiff.:wrhouse
GR InvDiff: QI
GR InvDiff.:returns
GR InvDiff.: blocked
SlsVal.iss.n.afftMgs
SlsVal.iss. afftgMgs
RGR ad. inv. + tax 803
GI
GI
GI
TF
GD
TR
TF
TF
TF
TF
TF
TF
TF
TF
GR
GR
GR
Page 31 of 40
804
806
812
816
822
826
834
836
842
844
862
864
922
RGR AI ICMS/IPI
805
RGR bl. AI w. tax 811
RGR TP dely w tax 815
RGR B TP dely w. tax
RGR val. VS w. tax 825
RGR B val. VS w. tax
R reval. iss. w tax
R reval. rec. w tax
RGR RTP
843
RGR RTP w. tax
861
GI TF SD/MM
863
GR TF SD/MM return 901
RE return to vendor
GR bl. AI w. tax
GR TP dely w. tax
GR B TP dely w. tax
821 GR val. VS w. tax
GR B val. VS w. tax
833 Reval. iss. w. tax
835 Reval. rec. w. tax
841 GR RTP
GR RTP w. tax
GR TF SD/MM
GI TF SD/MM return
GI internal c.center
Sometimes, customer refers to a material with a layman name(rather than technical name) in purchase
order .Hence there is a need to map customer material name with our material code, this process is
called Customer Material Info Record.
T-Code is
Step-1
1.
2.
Page 32 of 40
Step-2
1.
2.
We can get stock overview of a particular material across various organization levels by T-Code
MMBE.
Step-1
1.
2.
Enter Material No .
Page 33 of 40
3.
4.
Click on
Step-2
execute Button .
Page 34 of 40
Output will be displayed as below1.
2.
Stock at Company /Plant / storage location is displayed. By double clicking each level we can see
stock overview at that level.
e.g. If we double click on company level ,then we get detail at company level as below-
Page 35 of 40
Similarly we can get get stock overview at plant / storage location after double-click on plant /
storage level.
Purpose: This procedure is used to manually create material master for different view. Here sales
view is used
Step 1
In T-Code MM01 Create Material
1.
2.
Click on Select View(s) Button. A pop window appears. In pop window, select view for which
material to be created and click on check button.
Page 36 of 40
Step 2.
Now a screen appear for all view(w) in Tab screen.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Enter division.
Page 37 of 40
Step-3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page 38 of 40
Step -4
1.
2.
3.
Page 39 of 40
Step-5
click on tab list Icon.
Page 40 of 40
Step 6
Click on save button.
A message Material 9554 Created.