Slings Safety Use Inspection

GENERAL
INFO. AND
TRAINING
Lift Planning and Evaluation

Before using any rigging device it is important to plan your work and work your plan. The front end time
required to develop a successful lift plan may seem unnecessary for small or non-consequential loads. Theres
always enough time to pre-plan critical lifts. After an incident involving what seemed to be a non-consequential
amount of weight, the time required to mitigate the mess will dwarf the time spent on what was thought to be an
unnecessary lift planning session. Theres always enough time to do the job right, the second time. We encourage
you to make the front end investment in lift planning and successful rigging, before each and every lift.
A trained, qualified and knowledgeable user must take into account the following factors and issues and consider
all relevant factors not addressed. Among the factors related specifically to slings and rigging, users must perform
several activities, including (but not limited to) the following items:
LOAD CONSIDERATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Wind
Weather
Visibility
Object Temperature
Environmental Temperature
Chemical Conditions and Exposure
Stability of the Ground
Underground Installations
Weight
Dimensions
Center of Gravity (CG)
Attachment Point Integrity
Structural Stability: Bend and Flex
Susceptibility to Crushing or Compression
Loose Parts that could fall from the Load
Combination Loads-Drain Fluids
Damaging Surfaces and/or Edges
RIGGING CONSIDERATIONS
EQUIPMENT AND LIFT CRITERIA

Single or Multiple Crane/Hoists
Maximum/Planned Operating Radius
Allowable Load (From Load Chart)
Ratio of Lift to Allowable Load
Clearance between Boom and Lift
Clearance to Surrounding Facilities
Power Lines and Environmental Hazards
Ensure a Clear Load Path
Emergency/Contingency Set Down Area
Thorough Equipment Inspection
Sling selection: Type and Capacity

Load Control
Lift Point over the CG
Appropriate Hitch for CG and Load Control
Coordination of Multiple Slings
Positive Sling to Load Engagement
Coefficient of Friction: Sling to Load
Load is Free to Move and is not Snagged
Sling Capacity is Adequate (Angle and Tension)
Adequate Sling Protection
PERSONNEL CONSIDERATIONS
Area Clear of Unnecessary Personnel
Personnel are Trained and Qualified
Pre-Lift Plan and Meeting
Signals: Visual, Audible, Electronic, etc.

Tag Lines and Spotter Requirements
Personnel Away from Load and Other Dangers
ENGINEERING SERVICES
Fee based engineering services, including analysis and consideration of the above variables is available.
Please contact us for details.
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Purchase and Use Considerations

SLING SELECTION Prior to selection, read and understand the information contained in our
catalog and your responsibilities as detailed in all applicable regulations and standards. Select
the sling with suitable characteristics for the load, environment and configuration of lift.
RIGGING FACTORS
LOAD WEIGHT: Is the weight of the load within the Work Load Limit of the sling(s)?
WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION: Uneven load weight distribution imposes disproportionate loading on the individual sling legs.
ADEQUATE SLING LENGTH: Slings must be long enough to ensure the Work Load Limit is adequate, when the sling-to-load
angle is taken into account. Inadequate consideration has caused under-rated slings to fail.
LOAD CONTROL: The sling user is responsible for load control. Slings must be rigged in a manner that provides for control of
the load. Balancing and supporting the load, from the sides above the center of gravity is critical. Use more than one sling to
balance the load so it will not tilt when lifted.
CENTER OF GRAVITY: The lifting mechanism must be positioned directly over the center of gravity, before the load is lifted. If
this is not done, the load will change out and the center of gravity will end up under the lifting fixture. The center of gravity
must be addressed and determined through careful experimentation or calculation.
POSITIVE LOAD ENGAGEMENT: Poor or inadequate sling-to-load engagement results in the sling skipping across load
edges. This movement can result in catastrophic sling failure and uncontrolled load descent. Slings equipped with protection
have also been cut because of poor sling-to-load engagement.
TRAINING
All sling users must be trained on the proper use of slings.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, in the ASME B30.9 Sling Safety Standard, clearly establishes the requirement
for training. Section 9-X.1-Training states, Sling users shall be trained in the selection, inspection, cautions to personnel,
effects of the environment and rigging practices, covered by this chapter.
DOL/OSHA Guidance on Safe Sling Use (29 CFR 1910.184) states that a qualified person is one: who by possession of a
recognized degree or certificate of professional standing in an applicable field, or who, by extensive knowledge, training and
experience has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter and work.
It is important that all sling users be knowledgeable about the safe and proper use and application of slings and be thoroughly
familiar with manufacturers recommendations and all safety information provided with products. In addition, sling users need
to be aware of their responsibilities as outlined in all applicable standards and regulations. If you are unsure whether you are
properly trained or knowledgeable, DO NOT use slings or rigging devices until you are absolutely sure of what you are doing.
SLING PROTECTION
Slings must be protected from damaging edges, corners, protrusions or abrasive surfaces by materials of sufficient strength,
thickness and construction to prevent sling damage and failure.
There are a variety of ways to employ sling protection and prevent sling damage. Regardless of the particular method chosen,
the goal is to ensure that the sling maintains its ability to securely lift the load while avoiding contact with damaging or
abrasive surfaces under tension. A qualified person must carefully consider the appropriate means to accomplish this goal
by selecting sling protection appropriate for the types of exposure damage. Sling protection should not be makeshift (i.e.,
selecting and using cardboard, work gloves or other such items that were not designed to serve as protection devices).
Sling protection may not prevent cutting or other forms of damage. To avoid severe personal injury or death,
personnel should be kept away from the load and never be under or near the load, while it is being lifted or suspended.
Personnel should never be next to rigging under tension.
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GENERAL
INFO. AND
TRAINING
Purchase and Use Considerations

CHEMICAL FACTORS
Chemically active environments can affect the strength of rigging products in varying degrees from moderate to total
degradation. The materials used in the construction of slings and components must be compatible with the mechanical
and environmental requirements imposed. Fumes, sprays, mists, vapors and liquids of acids or alkalis can degrade rigging
products. The chemical agents must be identified. Specific time, temperature and concentration factors will assist the user
and manufacturer in the selection of the appropriate sling material components.
It may be necessary to conduct an on-site suitability test. A sample would be subjected to exposure, under no load. The
length of exposure must be determined by the qualified person. After exposure, the sample would be pulled to destruction
to determine the retention of tensile strength and evaluated, comparing test results with the strength of an unexposed,
control sample. We prefer application testing to chemical analysis of independent chemical agents done by referencing
various charts or technical bulletins. Application testing (where the rubber meets the road) will also provide more accurate
information on the cumulative effects of multiple chemical agents. We will match your efforts and assist you in determining
the most suitable materials for your specific application.
TEMPERATURE:
Conventional synthetic products cannot be used in environmental or contact temperatures exceeding 194F/90C or below
-40F/-40C. Applications outside those parameters can be addressed by consulting us for specific recommendations.
ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT DEGRADATION:

Exposure to sources of ultraviolet (UV) light affects the strength of synthetic products in varying degrees from slight to total
degradation. Factors which play a part in the degree of strength loss are length of exposure, sling construction and design. Other
environmental factors such as weather conditions, elevation and geographic location also affect the degree of degradation.
The Web Sling and Tie Down Association (WSTDA) conducted tests to determine the affects of strength loss, as a result of
ultraviolet (UV) exposure. The report, WSTDA-UV-Sling-2003 is available at www.wstda.com
Many different variables were analyzed in slings that were exposed for a period of 36 months. Nylon and polyester endless
slings featuring: treated and untreated webbing, 6800 Lbs. (class 5) and 9800 Lbs. (class 7) materials and single and double
ply constructions were evaluated.
Initially, nylon web slings lost strength at a slower rate, when compared to polyester slings, but continued to lose strength
as exposure time was extended. The loss of strength for nylon slings can be 40 to 60% after exposure periods ranging from
12 to 36 months.
In the first year of the study, polyester web slings lost strength at a greater rate, when compared to nylon slings. Loss in
strength for polyester slings was approximately 30% after 12 months exposure. Polyester sling strength loss seemed to
subside and level off after the initial 12 month period.
When slings are not in use, store them in a dark, cool, dry location, free from mechanical and environmental damage.
MOISTURE ABSORPTION:
When nylon products are wet there is an approximate strength loss of 15%. This loss of strength is documented in the 1988
DuPont Technical Information Multifiber Bulletin X272, page 6. Nylon sling strength returns when the sling dries completely.
Polyester and High Performance Fiber strength is unaffected by moisture absorption.
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Sling Hitches
Slings carry their loads in one of three primary sling hitches. Most slings can be used in all three sling hitches, but some
slings are designed for use in only one hitch. Slings have the largest Work Load Limit when used in a basket hitch. The
vertical hitch Work Load Limit is 50% of the basket hitch. The synthetic choker hitch Work Load Limit is a maximum of
80% of the vertical hitch Work Load Limit.
Slings must be securely attached to the load and rigged in a manner to provide for load control to prevent slipping, sliding and/or
loss of the load. A trained, qualified and knowledgeable user must determine the most appropriate method of rigging to help ensure
load control and a safe lift.
CHOKER HITCH
VERTICAL HITCH
Sling passes through one end around the load,

while the other end is placed on the hook.
Load control is limited with only one sling
rigged in a choker hitch. A choker hitch will
never provide full 360 degree contact. For full
contact use a Double Wrap Choke Hitch. See
page 24. The Choke Point should always be on
the sling body, not on the sling eye, fitting,
base of the eye or fitting, splice or tag.
BASKET HITCH
One end is
on the hook,
while the
other end
is attached
directly to
the load. Use
a tagline to
prevent load
rotation.
The sling cradles

the load while both
eyes are attached
overhead. As with
the choker hitch,
more than one sling
may be necessary
to help ensure load
control.
Sling-To-Load Angle
The Sling-to-Load Angle is the angle formed between a horizontal line and the sling leg or body. The Sling-to-Load Angle has a dramatic
effect on sling Work Load Limits. Slings with adequate capacity to handle the scale weight of the load have catastrophically failed
because the Sling-to-Load Angle and increased tension were not taken into account.
This principle applies in a number of conditions, including when one sling is used to lift at an angle and when a basket hitch or multileg bridle sling is used. When selecting a sling, always consider the Sling-to-Load Angle and the tension that will be applied to the
sling. As the Sling-To-Load Angle decreases, the tension on the sling leg(s) increases.
Illustrated left- Increased tension is
magnified by any change from vertical
to horizontal lifting. Increased tension
is imposed on the sling leg(s) when the
legs are used at angles less than 90.
SLING-TO-LOAD ANGLE
A
The horizontal angle

formed between the
sling leg and the top
of the load.
SLING ANGLE - REDUCED WORK LOAD METHOD

For years sling users have used angles to determine sling adequacy.
One approach has been to determine the Sling-to-Load Angle and
multiply the Work Load Limit by the Loss Factor for the specific angle.
The result is the REDUCED WORK LOAD LIMIT.
LOSS FACTOR CHART

Angle A
Degrees
Loss Factor
Angle A
Degrees
Loss Factor
90
1.000
55
.8192
85
.9962
50
.7660
80
.9848
45
.7071
3. Multiply the Work Load Limit (per leg) by the Loss Factor to
determine the reduced Work Load Limit (per Leg).
75
.9659
40
.6428
70
.9397
35
.5736
The result is the reduced Work Load Limit.
65
.9063
30
.5000
60
.8660
25
.4226
1. Calculate the Sling to Load Angle.

2. Determine the corresponding Loss Factor.
Sling angles less than 30 should not be used, unless

approved by a qualified person.
A BASKET WORK LOAD LIMIT OF 10,000 LBS.
CHANGES AS THE SLING TO LOAD ANGLE CHANGES
AT
AT
AT
AT
90 - WORK LOAD LIMIT =

5,000
Lbs.
5,000
Lbs.
4,330
Lbs.
4,330
Lbs.
10,000 Lbs.
10,000 Lbs.
3,536
Lbs.
3,536
Lbs.
2,500
Lbs.
2,500
Lbs.
10,000 Lbs.
10,000 Lbs.
SLING-TO-LOAD ANGLE (DEGREES)
90
60
45
30
WORK LOAD LIMIT X LOSS FACTOR
10,000 Lbs. x 1.000
10,000 Lbs. x .8660
10,000 Lbs. x .7071
10,000 Lbs. x .5000
REDUCED WORK LOAD LIMIT
10,000 Lbs.
8660 Lbs.
7071 Lbs.
5000 Lbs.
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5,000 LBS. PER LEG

4,330 LBS. PER LEG
3,536 LBS. PER LEG
2,500 LBS. PER LEG
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GENERAL
INFO. AND
TRAINING
Sling-To-Load Angle
SLING ANGLE INCREASED TENSION METHOD
A more salient approach to determine sling adequacy is the
calculation of INCREASED TENSION resulting from the Sling-to-Load
Angle. This approach has the distinct advantage of enabling the
sling user to determine the required sling strength requirement. The
user must first determine the angle and multiply the load weight
(per leg) by the tension factor for the specific angle. The result is the
INCREASED TENSION or actual loading on the sling leg(s).
TENSION FACTOR CHART

ANGLE A
DEGREES
TENSION
FACTOR
ANGLE A
DEGREES
TENSION
FACTOR
90
1.000
55
1.221
85
1.004
50
1.305
80
1.015
45
1.414
75
1.035
40
1.555
1. Calculate the Sling to Load Angle.
70
1.064
35
1.742
2. Determine the corresponding Tension Factor.
65
1.104
30
2.000
3. Multiply the load weight (per leg) by the Tension Factor to

determine the increased tension on the sling leg(s).
60
1.155
25
2.364
Sling angles less than 30 should not be used, unless

approved by a qualified person.
SLING TENSION INCREASES AS THE

SLING-TO-LOAD ANGLE DECREASES
AT
AT
AT
AT
90
60
45
30
SLING
SLING
SLING
SLING
TENSION
TENSION
TENSION
TENSION
= 5,000 PER LEG

= 5,775 PER LEG
= 7,070 PER LEG
= 10,000 PER LEG
SLING-TO-LOAD ANGLE
(DEGREES)
LOAD WEIGHT
X TENSION FACTOR
INCREASED SLING TENSION
5,000
Lbs.
5,775
Lbs.
5,000
Lbs.
5,775
Lbs.
10,000
10,000
90
60
7,070
Lbs.
7,070
Lbs.
10,000
Lbs.
10,000
Lbs.
10,000
10,000
45
30
10,000 Lbs.
X 1.000
10,000 Lbs.
X 1.155
10,000 Lbs.
X 1.414
10,000 Lbs.
X 2.000
10,000 Lbs.
11,550 Lbs.
14,140 Lbs.
20,000 Lbs.
Choker Hitch Angle

Whenever a sling is used in a choker hitch and results in a Choker Hitch Angle less than 120 degrees, Choker Work Load
Limits must be adjusted. Determine the Choker Hitch Angle and multiply the Choker Hitch Work Load Limit by the appropriate
Reduction Factor. The result is the actual, reduced Choker Work Load Limit.
Two examples of slings used at
0 degree Choker Hitch Angle.
Choker Hitch Angle
120
Supporting
Structure
135 180
Choker
Hitch
Angle at
0 degree.
90
60
0-30
Rigging from a
Supporting Structure.
CHOKER HITCH ANGLE REDUCTION CHART

Choker Hitch Angle
(Degrees)
Reduction Factor
120 - 180
1.00
105 - 120
.82
90
- 105
.71
60
- 90
.58
- 60
.50
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Choker
Hitch
Angle at
0 degree.
LOAD
Controlling a load with

a high center of gravity.
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It is always important to rig and control the load so that stability is achieved. Determining the location of
the Center of Gravity (CG) is vital to achieving load control. The CG is the point where the load weight is
concentrated and is the balance point for an object. The Center of Gravity when suspended will:
1. Unless restrained, the CG will move directly under the suspension point.
2. The CG will move to the lowest point possible.
For best control, attach the slings above the CG. When this is not possible keep the CG contained with
three or four sling legs or use basket or choker hitches with wraps. These measures may not guarantee
load control. The user must be assured, based upon the specific application that selected methods are
suitable and comply with all applicable standards and regulations.
Unstable
Unstable
Stable
Lift point is
not over CG.
Lift point is
below CG
and only two
slings used.
Load will shift

until CG settles
below the
suspension point.
(Before)
(After)
Multiple factors must be taken into consideration to ensure that load control and stability are attained.
A load with a high center of gravity can rotate in certain sling hitches.
Sling Tension - Leg Length/Headroom

Calculating the tension imposed on slings or individual legs of a multi-part sling system will enable the
sling user to select slings with adequate Work Load Limits.
Use the following steps to calculate the tension imposed upon the individual sling legs, when you know
the leg Length (L) and Headroom (H).
1) Determine the Load Angle Factor (LAF):
Divide the leg Length (L) by the Headroom (H)
L H = LAF
Example: 20 15 = 1.33 Load Angle Factor (LAF)
2) Determine the Share of the Load (SOL)
for the individual sling legs:
(15 Ft.)
Divide the load weight by the number of sling legs.
(20 Ft.)
Load weight number of legs = Share of the Load (SOL)

Example: 12,000 Lbs. 3 legs = 4,000 Lbs. (SOL)
3) Multiply Load Angle Factor by the Share of the Load
to determine Sling Tension.
Load Angle Factor x Share of the Load = Tension
LAF x SOL = Tension
Please Note: Tension calculations are based upon:

1) Sling attachment points being equidistant from the center of gravity.
2) Sling attachment points being equidistant to each other.
3) Sling attachment points being on the same horizontal plane.
4) Equal sling leg lengths.
Example: 1.33 x 4,000 = 5,320 Lbs.
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GENERAL
INFO. AND
TRAINING
Advanced Tension Calculations

SLING TENSION - PROPORTIONAL SHARE OF THE LOAD
More complex calculations are required when the slings are not placed equidistantly from the center
of gravity or when the Center of Gravity is not equidistant from the sling attachment points. The
PROPORTIONAL SHARE OF THE LOAD (SOL) must be determined and multiplied by the LOAD ANGLE
FACTOR (LAF) to determine SLING TENSION.
Sling tension is a function of sling length, distance between the sling attachment points and the spatial
relationship between the sling attachment points and the Center of Gravity. An inverse proportional
relationship exists between Distance and Share of the Load. If a sling is attached 25% of the distance
from the Center of Gravity, that sling will carry 75% of the load weight. Likewise, if a sling is attached
75% of the distance from the Center of Gravity, that sling will carry 25% of the load weight.
6 FT. LEG
3
Proportional
Share of
the Load
= .25 Distance from CG

.75 Share of the Load
12
.75 x 55,000 = 41,250 Lbs.

x
L1
Load Angle Factor
Sling Tension
6ft (L1)
= 1.20
10.5ft (L2)
5ft (H)
49,500 Lbs.
10.5 FT. LEG
9
Proportional
Share of
the Load
55,000 Lbs.
= .75 Distance from CG

.25 Share of the Load
12
.25 x 55,000 = 13,750 Lbs.
x
L2
Load Angle Factor
Sling Tension
10.5
5
x
= 2.10
3ft.
28,875 Lbs.
9ft.
12ft.
SLING TENSION - DIFFERENT HORIZONTAL PLANES

Different, complex calculations are required to determine sling tension when the slings are attached at
different horizontal planes. (Please note: Twin-Path Adjustable Bridle is depicted).
13 FT. LEG (L1)
SLING TENSION
20 FT. LEG (L2)

SLING TENSION
W x d2 x L1
W x d1 x L2
(d2 x H1) + (d1 x H2)
(d2 x H1) + (d1 x H2)
14,600 x 12 x 13
11.5 ft
(H1)
14,600 x 6 x 20
13 ft
(L1)
(12 x 11.5) + (6 x 16)
20 ft
(L2)
16 ft
(H2)
(12 x 11.5) + (6 x 16)
2,277,600
1,752,000
234
234
14,600 Lbs.
9,733 Lbs.
TENSION
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6 ft
(d1)
18 ft
22
4
12 ft
(d2)
7,487 Lbs.
TENSION
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Rigging and Hitch Information

GENERAL INFORMATION
ADJUSTABLE BASKET HITCH
Slings should be rigged in a manner that provides proper

load control. It is dangerous to use only one sling to lift a
load which tends to shift and slide out.
The adjustable basket hitch allows the sling user to

adjust the length of the legs to raise the load level.
Adjustable hitches are particularly useful with loads
having uneven load weight distribution resulting in an
off-set center of gravity.
(One sling is depicted for illustrative purposes only).
Ensure that lifting devices are directly over the center

of gravity. If this is difficult to determine, it must be
discovered by cautious experimentation or calculation.
Raise the load carefully. If the load is not level, lower and
correct the position of the slings until the balance point is
achieved and the load does not tilt.
The Adjustable Basket Hitch Work Load Limit is identical to

the regular basket hitch rating. The rating must be adjusted
for the Sling-to-Load Angle. Another effective solution is an
Adjustable Rope Sling featured on pages 127 and 128.
BASKET HITCHES
Inverted basket hitches are referred to as equalizing hitches
because the sling is free to slip through the hook based upon
the load weight distribution. Be sure to employ the four
ends down, North to South, load engagement system.
Extra care should be taken when using slings in a basket

hitch to balance the load to prevent slippage.
As with the choker hitch, more than one sling may be
necessary to control the load.
Right
Right
Eye & Eye Slings
(North to South)
Wrong
Wrong
Inverted Basket
(East to West)
If practical, take a full wrap around the load to grip it firmly;

be sure when using multiple slings that they do not cross
over each other. Wrapping the load is a legitimate method
of minimizing excessive sling length. Other methods, such
as, twisting and knotting radically reduce sling Work Load
Limits. When the load is wrapped the sling Work Load
Limit is not increased, but load control is.
Slings skipping through hardware

components can become damaged. Balancing the load is
critical and necessary to prevent sling damage and failure.
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GENERAL
INFO. AND
TRAINING
Rigging and Hitch Information

CHOKER HITCHES
For a tighter choke hitch, which provides full, 360 contact

with the load, take a full wrap around the load before
choking the sling. Ensure that multiple slings do not cross.
When the load is wrapped the sling Work Load Limit
does not increase, but load control does.
The choke hitch should always be pulled tight before the

lift is made, not pulled down during the lift. A sling rigged
in a choker hitch (not double wrapped) does not make
full contact with the load. Use multiple slings to balance
the load, and wrap the load to ensure full contact. Ensure
multiple slings do not cross. Choke on opposite sides
of the load, if this action will not damage the load and
maintain load control.
Right
Please note:
One sling is depicted for illustrative purposes only.
Wrong
Always use a choker hitch when turning a load. If the sling

is not rigged properly, the turning action will loosen the
hitch, resulting in load slippage. Place sling eyes on top of
the load, pointing the opposite direction of the turn. The
body is then passed under the load and through both eyes.
Blocking should be used to protect the sling and facilitate
removal. Basket hitches should not be used to turn a load.
Always downgrade the choker Work Load Limit when the
angle of choke is less than 120, see page 20.
Right
Wrong
The sling should be of sufficient length to ensure that the

choke action is on the sling body, never on the sling splice,
fittings, tag, eye or at the base of the sling eye or fitting.
ADJUSTABLE HITCH
DOUBLE CHOKER HITCH
smaller
larger
Right
The Adjustable Hitch allows the sling user to adjust the

length of the legs to raise the load level. Adjustable
hitches are particularly useful with loads having uneven
load weight distribution resulting in an off-set center of
gravity. The Work Load Limit for the Adjustable Hitch is
identical to the normal Vertical Work Load Limit. The
Adjustable Hitch works reasonably well on narrow web
slings (1 and 2 in. widths) and roundslings rated at less
than 7000 Lbs. choker.
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Wrong
The Double Choker Hitch if applied properly will facilitate

equalization of the loading on the sling legs over the
lifting hardware. If applied improperly, one of the legs will
share a greater portion of the load and equalization will
not occur. The Double Choker Hitch Work Load Limit is
twice the regular Choker Hitch Work Load Limit.
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Web Sling Safety Information

SYNTHETIC WEB SLING SAFETY BULLETIN
Synthetic Web Sling Safety Bulletin
WARNING
This bulletin contains important safety information about the use of synthetic web slings.
However, it DOES NOT contain all the information you need to know about handling, lifting
and manipulating materials and loads safely. Sling use is only one part of a lifting system and it
is your responsibility to consider all risk factors prior to using any rigging device or product.
Failure to do this may result in severe INJURY or DEATH due to sling failure and/or loss of load.
All users must be trained in sling selection, use and

inspection, cautions to personnel, environmental
effects and rigging practices.
not exceed a slings rated capacity. Always

4 Do
consider the effect of sling angle and tension on the
slings rated capacity.
Do not stand on, under or near a load with the

sling under tension. All personnel should be alert to
dangers of falling and/or uncontrolled loads, sling
tension and the potential for snagging.
Maintain and store slings properly. Slings should
be protected from mechanical, chemical and
environmental damage.
Inspect sling for damage regularly, if the sling is

damaged, remove it from service.
Protect sling from damage. ALWAYS protect slings in
contact with edges, corners, protrusions, or abrasive
surfaces with materials of sufficient strength,
thickness and construction to prevent damage.
1. All Sling Users Must be Trained and Knowledgeable
2a. How to inspect slings

To detect possible damage, you should perform a visual inspection of the entire sling and also feel along its entire length, as
some damage may be felt more than seen. You should look and
feel for any of the types of conditions listed in Table 1. Table 2
shows examples of some of these types of damage, but note that
they are relatively extreme examples provided for illustration
purposes only.
All web sling users must be trained on the proper use of web
slings. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Safety
Standard for Slings (ASME B30.9) states:
"Synthetic webbing sling users shall be trained in the
selection, inspection, cautions to personnel, effects of the
environment and rigging practices as covered" by Chapter 9-5.
OSHA Guidance on Safe Sling Use (29 CFR 1910.184) states that a 2b. What to do if you identify damage in a sling
"qualified person" is one:
If you identify ANY of these types of damage in a sling, remove
"who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of
it from service immediately even if the damage you feel or see
professional standing in an applicable field, or who, by
is not as extensive as shown in the pictures in Table 2. Slings that
extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has
are removed from service must be destroyed and rendered
successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve
completely unusable unless they can be repaired and proofproblems relating to the subject matter and work."
tested by the sling's manufacturer or other qualified person. You
It is important that all sling users be knowledgeable about the
should never ignore sling damage or attempt to perform
safe and proper use and application of slings and be thoroughly temporary field repairs of damaged slings (e.g., tie knots in the
familiar with the manufacturer's recommendations and safety
webbing, etc.).
materials provided with each product. In addition, all sling users
Table 1. Web sling removal from service criteria
need to be aware of their responsibilities as outlined in all
applicable standards and regulations.
The entire web sling must be inspected regularly and it
If you are unsure whether you are properly trained and
knowledgeable, or if you are unsure of what the standards and
regulations require of you, ask your employer for information
and/or trainingDO NOT use web slings until you are
absolutely sure of what you are doing. Remember, when it
comes to using web slings, lack of skill, knowledge and care can
result in severe INJURY or DEATH to you and others.
2. Slings Must Be Regularly and Properly Inspected

Even seemingly "minor" damage to a web sling can significantly
reduce its capacity to hold or lift objects and increases the
chance that the sling will fail during use. For example, one sling
manufacturer has shown that a 3/8" (9.5mm) cut (much smaller
than the cut shown in Table 2) caused a sling to break under load
at almost half its non-damaged capacity. Therefore, it is very
important that web slings are regularly and properly inspected. If
you are not sure whether a sling is damaged, DO NOT USE IT.
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shall be removed from service if ANY of the following are

detected:
If sling identification tag is missing or not readable.

Holes, tears, cuts, snags or embedded materials.
Broken or worn stitches in the load bearing splices.
Knots in any part of the sling webbing.
Acid or alkali burns.
charring or weld spatter on any part of the web
Melting,
sling.
Excessive abrasive wear or crushed webbing.
Signs of Ultraviolet (UV) light degradation.
excessive pitting, corrosion or other damage
Distortion,
to fitting(s).
provided, exposed red core yarn. However if damage is
Ifpresent
and red yarns are not exposed DO NOT USE the
sling.
conditions which cause doubt as to the strength of

Any
the web sling.
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2c. How often to inspect slings
SLINGS

Visible indications of such deterioration can include the following:
A three-stage procedure is recommended to help ensure that web slings

are inspected with appropriate frequency:
Fading of webbing color.

Uneven or disoriented surface yarn of the webbing.
Initial InspectionWhenever a sling is initially received, it must be

inspected by a designated person to help ensure that the correct web
sling has been received and is undamaged and that the web sling meets
applicable requirements for its intended use.
Shortening of the sling length.

Reduction in elasticity and strength of the sling material due to
an exposure to sunlight, often evident by an accelerated
abrasive damage to the surface yarn of the sling.
Frequent InspectionThe entire sling must be inspected before each

shift or day in Normal service and before each use in Severe service
applications.
Periodic InspectionEvery sling must be inspected "periodically" by a
qualified and designated person. In order to validate the frequent level
of inspection, the periodic inspection should be performed by someone
other than the individual(s) who most commonly performs the frequent
inspection. The frequency of periodic inspections is based on the sling's
actual or expected frequency of use, severity of service conditions, the
nature of the work performed with the sling and experience gained
during the inspection of other slings used in similar circumstances.
General guidelines for the frequency of periodic inspections are:
Normal serviceyearly
Severe servicemonthly to quarterly
Special serviceas recommended by a qualified person
Breakage or damage to yarn fibers, often evident by a fuzzy

appearance of the web.
Stiffening of the web, which can become particularly evident
when web slings are exposed to outdoor conditions without
being used or cyclically tensioned.
3b. Avoid actions that cause damage to slings

You should always avoid any action that causes the types of damage
identified in the previous section of this Safety Bulletin, including (but
not limited to):
Dropping or dragging slings on the ground, floor or over
abrasive surfaces.
Pulling slings from under loads when the load is resting on the
slingplace blocks under load if feasible.
Shortening or adjusting sling using methods not approved by
the sling manufacturer or qualified person.
Periodic inspections intervals must not exceed one year.

Written records are not required for frequent inspections, but WSTDA
WS-1 or ASME B30.9 require that a written record of the most recent
periodic inspection be maintained. See WSTDA WS-1 or ASME B30.9 for
more information about definitions of Normal, Severe and Special
service conditions.
Twisting, kinking or knotting the sling.

Exposing slings to damaging acids or alkalis.
Exposing slings to sources of heat damage or weld spatter.
Using slings or allowing exposure to temperatures above 194F
(90C) or below -40F (-40C).
3. Slings Must be Adequately Protected from Damage
"Tip loading" a sling on a hook instead of centering it in the base

or "bowl" of the hook.
3a. Avoid environmental degradation

Environmental factors such as an exposure to sunlight, dirt or gritty-type
matter and cyclical changes in temperature and humidity, can result in
an accelerated deterioration of web slings. The rate of this deterioration
will vary with the level of exposure to these conditions and with the
thickness of the sling material. For example, single ply slings will
generally degrade more rapidly with this exposure than multiple ply
slings. Web slings that are used outdoors regularly should generally be
permanently removed from service within a period of 2 to 4 years. All
web slings that are exposed to these conditions should be highly
scrutinized during their inspections.
Using hooks, shackles or other hardware that have edges or

surfaces that could damage sling.
Running/driving over slings with a vehicle or other equipment.
Synthetic slings are affected by some chemicals ranging from little to
total degradation. Time, temperature and concentration factors affect
the degradation. For specific applications, consult the manufacturer. In
addition, water absorption can decrease the strength of nylon web
slings by as much as 1015% (its strength returns when the sling dries
completely). For specific applications, consult the manufacturer.
3c. Safeguard slings with sufficient protection
Synthetic web slings can be damaged, abraded or cut as tension and

compression between the sling, the connection points and the load
Table 2. Types of damage you should look and feel for in web slings develops. Surfaces in contact with the sling do not have to be very
Cuts or tears
Snags
Holes/punctures
Melting or charring
Weld spatter
Acid/alkali burns
Broken/worn stitches
Crushed webbing
Knots
Embedded materials
Exposed red core yarns
Excessive abrasive wear
No UV Degradation
Faded From UV Exposure
UV degradation
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abrasive or have "razor" sharp edges in order to create the conditions for
sling failure. Therefore, web slings must ALWAYS be protected from
being cut or damaged by corners, edges, protrusions or abrasive
surfaces with protection sufficient for the intended purpose.
There are a variety of types of ways to protect slings from such damage.
A qualified person might select and use appropriate engineered
protectors/softenerscommercially available products (e.g., sleeves,
wear pads, edge wraps, body wraps, corner protectors, etc.) specifically
designed to protect slings from damage. A qualified person might also
design and construct their own methods of protection so long as the
sling is adequately protected from and/or kept off of the damaging edge
surface.
Regardless of the particular method chosen, the goal is to ensure that
the sling, under tension, maintains its ability to securely lift the load
while avoiding contact with damaging or abrasive surfaces under
tension. A qualified person must carefully consider the most appropriate
means to accomplish this goal. The protection used should not be
makeshift (i.e., selecting and using cardboard, work gloves or other such
items based solely on convenience or availability).
4a. Assess the load

Determine the weight of the load and make sure it does not exceed
the sling's rated capacity or the capacity of any of the components of
the rigging system. Users must also determine the load's center of
gravity (CG) to make sure the rigging system used will be able to retain
and control the load once lifted.
4b. Select an appropriate sling/configuration

Select a sling having suitable characteristics for the type, size and
weight of the load, the type of hitch (see Table 3) and the environment.
The sling must be securely attached to the load and rigged in a
manner to provide for load control to prevent slipping, sliding and/or
loss of the load. A trained, qualified and knowledgeable user must
determine the most appropriate method of rigging to help ensure a
safe lift and control of the load.
Regardless of the approach taken, a qualified person must ensure that

the protection method chosen is appropriate for the types of damage to
which the slings will be exposed. For instance, some protection provides
abrasion resistance, but offers virtually no protection against cuts.
Several "test" lifts, done in a non-consequence setting, may be necessary
to determine the suitability of the protection device(s). After each "test"
lift, the protection device(s) and sling(s) need to be inspected for
damage and suitability. You should keep in mind that no protection is
"cut proof" and you should always operate within the specified limits of
the sling and its accessories (e.g., fixtures, hardware, protection, etc.).
4. Always Use Slings Properly

When lifting loads, a trained, qualified and knowledgeable user must
take into account the factors and issues addressed in this bulletin, as well
as considering any other relevant factors not addressed herein (see Table
4). Among the factors related specifically to web slings, users must
perform several activities, including (but not limited to) those discussed
in the following subsections.
Table 3. Common types of sling hitches

Hitch
Comme nts
Vertical
Hitch
One end is placed on the hook, while the

other end is attached directly to the load.
A tagline should be used to prevent load
rotation.
Choker
Hitch
Sling passes through one end around

the load and the other end is placed on
the hook. Rated capacity is normally 80%
of that for a vertical hitch. Load control is
limited with only one sling rigged in a
choker hitch. Also, the choke point
should always be on the sling bodynot
on the sling eye, fitting, base of the eye
or fitting, splice or tag.
Basket
Hitch
The sling cradles the load while both

ends are attached overhead. The rated
capacity for a basket hitch is twice that
for a vertical hitch. As with the choker
hitch, more than one sling rigged in a
basket hitch (or some other means) may
be necessary to help ensure load control.
Table 4. Issues and Factors to consider when handling, lifting and manipulating materials and loads
Safe handling, lifting and manipulation of materials and loads requires consideration of a number of factors and issues, including
(but not limited to):
Categories
Environment
Environmental temperature
Object temperature
Chemical conditions and exposure
Ground stability
Underground installations
Load
Weight
Dimensions
Attachment point integrity

Susceptibility to crushing/compression
Loose parts that could fall from load
Combination loads
Damaging surfaces/edges
Equipment/Lift
Single/multiple cranes/hoists
Maximum/planned operating radius
Allowable load
Ratio of lift to allowable load
Clearance to surrounding facilities

Power lines and other environmental hazards
Clearance between boom and lift
Emergency/contingency set down area
Equipment inspection
Ensure a clear load path
Rigging
Sling selection
Load control
Lift point (over the CG)
Positive sling-to-load engagement
Appropriate hitch (for CG and load control)

Load is free to move and is not snagged
Coordination of multiple slings
Personnel
Area clear of unnecessary personnel
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Issues/ Factors to Consider

Wind
Weather
Visibility
Signals: Visual, audible, electronic, etc.

Personnel away from load and other dangers
27
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Suitable wear protection

Sling capacity is adequate for
angle and tension
Pre-lift plan and meeting
Tag lines/spotter requirements
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SLINGS

Table 5. Increased sling tension as a function of sling-to-load
angle
Another important consideration is the sling-to-load anglethe

angle formed between a horizontal line and the sling leg or body.
This angle is very important and can have a dramatic effect on the
rated capacity of the sling. When the sling-to-load angle decreases,
the load on each leg increases. This principle applies in a number of
conditions, including when one sling is used to lift at an angle and
when a basket hitch or multi-legged bridle sling is used. Table 5
provides information about increased tension as a function of
sling-to-load angle (assuming equally-loaded sling legs). Sling
angles of less than 30 degrees are not recommended.
Angle A
in degrees
from horizontal
Tension
Multiplier
90
1.000
85
1.004
80
1.015
75
1.035
Similarly, when the angle of choke is less than 120 degrees, the
sling choker hitch capacity decreases. To determine the actual sling
capacity at a given angle of choke, multiply the sling capacity
rating (for a choker hitch) by the appropriate reduction factor
determined from Table 6.
70
1.064
65
1.104
60
1.155
55
1.221
4c. Do not misuse the sling
50
1.305
45
1.414
40
1.555
35
1.742
30
2.000
Avoid accelerating or decelerating the load too quickly (i.e., shock

loading). Do not use slings to pull on stuck or snagged objects
and do not use slings for towing purposes. A web sling should
only be used for lifting loads.
5. Make Sure All Personnel are Clear of Loads and

Alert to Risks
Multiply the load weight

(per leg) by the tension factor
to determine the increased
tension on the sling leg(s)
Table 6. Reduction in rated capacity as a function of

angle of choke
Even if you account for all of the factors/issues discussed in this

Safety Bulletin, things can still go wrong. Therefore, all personnel
must stand clear of lifted loads and never be under, on or near
suspended loads.
Angle of Choke
(degrees)
When using slings, no part of the body should be placed between

the sling and load or between the sling and lifting hook. In
addition, personnel must be alert to the potential for the sling to
become snagged during a lift. Never use a web sling to pull on
objects in a snagged or constrained condition.
= or >
<
Angle of Choke
Reduction
Factor
120
180
1.000
105
120
0.82
90
105
0.71
60
90
0.58
60
0.50
Actual Sling Capacity =

Rated Capacity x Reduction Factor
6. Properly Store and Maintain Slings

In order to prevent damage to slings when not in use, you should
store slings in a cool, dry and dark location. Slings should be
stored in an area free from environmental or mechanical sources
of damage, such as: weld spatter, splinters from grinding or
machining, heat sources, chemical exposure, etc. Also, keep slings
clean and free of dirt, grime and foreign materials.
[email protected]
www.lift-it.com
909.469-2251
24/7/365 EMERGENCY
ORDER NUMBER
909.524-9287
If slings are cleaned, use only mild soap and water. Rinse sling
thoroughly and let it dry completely before placing the sling back
into storage or use. Do not machine wash slings. Machine washing
results in significant loss of sling strength.
Web Sling and Tie Down Association, Inc.

www.wstda.com
TM
Where to Find Additional Information

This bulletin does not provide you with all the information you need to know in order to be considered trained and knowledgeable
about rigging and lifting loads, but it does provide important information about the use of web slings within a rigging system. If
you need more information about web slings and rigging practices or your responsibilities according to regulations and standards,
talk to your employer. You and your employer can consult a number of sources of information to help ensure that you are properly
trained and knowledgeable when using web slings, including (but not limited to):
OSHA Guidance on Safe Sling Use.

Synthetic Web Slings.
ASME B30.9Synthetic Webbing Slings: Selection, Use and
Maintenance.
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.184Slings.
Rigging handbooks.
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(http://www.osha.gov/dsg/guidance/slings/synth-web.html)
Manufacturers catalog, manual, website, bulletins, etc.

Formal training provided by manufacturers or other outside
entities.
WSTDA-WSSB-1 2010
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Informacin de Seguridad de las Enslingas Sintticas

BOLETN DE SEGURIDAD DE LAS ESLINGAS SINTTICAS
ADVERTENCIA
Este boletn contiene importante informacin acerca del uso de las eslingas de malla sinttica. No
obstante, NO CONTIENE toda la informacin que usted necesita para poder manejar, elevar y
manipular con seguridad los materiales y cargas. El uso de la eslinga slo es una parte de un sistema
de elevacin, y es su responsabilidad considerar todos los factores de riesgo antes de emplear
cualquier dispositivo o producto de aparejo. El no hacer esto podra resultar en LESIONES graves o
MUERTE debido a una falla de la eslinga o prdida de la carga.
Los seis puntos a continuacin dan un resumen breve de importantes consideraciones de seguridad:
Es necesario capacitar a todos los usuarios en la seleccin, el
uso y la manera de inspeccionar la eslinga, as como en las
precauciones al personal, los efectos ambientales y las prcticas
de aparejo.
Inspeccionar la eslinga con regularidad para detectar daos, y
si se descubren, retirar la eslinga de servicio.
No sobrepasar la capacidad nominal de la eslinga. Siempre

tenga en cuenta el efecto del ngulo de la eslinga y la tensin de
la misma sobre su capacidad nominal.
No pararse encima, debajo o cerca de una carga con la eslinga
bajo tensin. Se debe informar a todo el personal de posibles
daos por cadas y/o el descontrol de cargas, la tensin de
eslinga y la posibilidad de enganchones.
Proteger la eslinga de dao. SIEMPRE proteja las eslingas en

contacto con bordes, esquinas, salientes o superficies abrasivas
con materiales dotados de suficiente resistencia y espesor, al
igual que una construccin adecuada para prevenir el dao.
Mantener y almacenar las eslingas correctamente. Se debe

proteger las eslingas de daos mecnicos, qumicos y
ambientales.
2a. Manera de inspeccionar las eslingas

Todos los usuarios de eslingas deben ser capacitados en el uso apropiado de
las mismas. La Sociedad Americana de Ingenieros Mecnicos en sus Normas
de Seguridad para Eslingas (ASME B30.9), dice lo siguiente:
"Se capacitarn a los usuarios de eslingas de malla sinttica en la
seleccin, inspeccin, precauciones para el personal, efectos del medio
ambiente y prcticas de aparejo segn se cubran" en el Captulo 9-5.
En las recomendaciones de la Administracin de Salud y Seguridad
Ocupacional (OSHA) sobre el Uso Seguro de las Eslingas (29 CFR 1910.184)
se hace constar que una "persona calificada" es:
"quien, en virtud de poseer un ttulo reconocido o certificado de
profesionalismo en un campo aplicable, o quien, por sus amplios
conocimientos, capacitacin y experiencia, ha demostrado con xito la
capacidad de resolver problemas relacionados con la temtica y el
trabajo".
Es importante que todos los usuarios de eslingas tengan conocimientos sobre
el uso seguro y correcto, as como la aplicacin de las eslingas, y estar
totalmente familiarizados con las recomendaciones del fabricante y los
materiales de seguridad provistos con cada producto. Adems, todos los
usuarios de eslingas necesitan estar conscientes de sus responsabilidades
segn su delineacin en todas las normas y reglamentos aplicables.
Si usted no est seguro si est correctamente capacitado o si tiene los
conocimientos necesarios, o si no est seguro de lo que le requieren las
normas y reglamentos, pdale informacin y/o capacitacin a su empleador
NO UTILICE las eslingas sintticas hasta que est absolutamente seguro de
lo que est haciendo. Recuerde, cuando se trata del uso de las eslingas
sintticas, la falta de habilidad, conocimientos y cuidado puede resultar en
graves LESIONES o MUERTE para usted y otras personas.
Para detectar posibles daos, se debe realizar una inspeccin tanto visual
como tctil de toda la eslinga, puesto que algunos daos se perciben ms por
el toque que por la vista. Inspeccione y toque la eslinga para la presencia de
cualquier tipo de condiciones que figuran en la lista de la Tabla 1. La Tabla 2
presenta cualquier tipo de dao pero cabe notar que son ejemplos
relativamente al extremo que damos nicamente a modo de ilustracin
2b. Qu es lo que se hace si se identifica algn dao en

una eslinga?
Si descubre CUALQUIERA de estos tipos de dao en una eslinga, retrela de
servicio inmediatamente, an si el dao que usted siente o ve no es tan
extensivo como el de las fotografas en la Tabla 2. Se debe destruir o
imposibilitar por completo el uso posterior de cualquier eslinga retirada de
servicio, a no ser que su fabricante u otra persona calificada pueda repararla y
realizar las pruebas necesarias para poder usarla de nuevo. Nunca permita
que se pase por alto el dao de una eslinga ni tampoco trate de realizarle
reparaciones provisionales en campo (p. ej., hacer nudos en la malla, etc.).
Tabla 1. Criterios para el retiro del servicio de una eslinga sinttica.
2. Se debe inspeccionar las eslingas

adecuadamente y con regularidad.
Hasta los daos aparentemente "menores" sufridos por una eslinga sinttica
pueden reducir significativamente su capacidad de sujetar o elevar los objetos,
y as se aumenta la posibilidad de que la eslinga se caiga durante el uso. Por
ejemplo, un fabricante de eslingas ha mostrado que un corte de 3/8 de
pulgada (9.5mm) (mucho menor que el corte mostrado en la Tabla 2) hace que
una eslinga se rompa bajo una carga de casi la mitad de su capacidad no
daada. Por eso, es muy importante que se inspeccionen las eslingas
sintticas con regularidad y en la forma apropiada. Si usted no est seguro si
est daada una eslinga, NO LA USE.
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Toda la eslinga sinttica debe inspeccionarse con

regularidad y hay que retirarla de servicio si se
descubre CUALQUIERA de los siguientes problemas:
Si falta el albarn o etiqueta de identificacin de la eslinga o si es
ilegible.
Agujeros, roturas, cortes, enganchones o materiales incrustados.
Costuras rotas o gastadas en los empalmes que sostienen la carga.
Nudos en cualquier parte de la malla de la eslinga.
Quemaduras cidas o alcalinas.
Derretimiento, carbonizacin o salpicaduras de la soldadura en
cualquier parte de la eslinga sinttica.
Excesivo desgaste abrasivo o aplastamiento de la malla.
Seales de deterioro por luz ultravioleta (UV).
Deformacin, picaduras en exceso, corrosin u otros daos a los
accesorios.
Si est provisto, hilo de ncleo rojo expuesto. No obstante, si el dao
est presente, y los hilos rojos no estn expuestos, NO UTILIZAR la
eslinga.
Cualquier condicin que haga dudar de la resistencia de la eslinga
sinttica.
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2c. Frecuencia de inspeccin de las eslingas

Se recomienda un procedimiento de tres etapas para estar seguro de que se
inspeccionan las eslingas con la debida frecuencia.
Inspeccin inicial A la recepcin inicial de una eslinga, la persona
designada debe inspeccionarla para poder asegurarse que se ha recibido la
eslinga correcta y sin daos, y que sta satisface los requisitos aplicables para
el uso destinado.
Inspeccin frecuente Se debe inspeccionar toda la eslinga antes de
cada turno o da de servicio normal y antes de usarse bajo condiciones de
servicio intensivo.
Inspeccin peridica Una persona designada y calificada debe realizar la
inspeccin "peridica" de cada eslinga. Para validar la frecuencia de inspeccin,
la inspeccin peridica debe llevarse a cabo por una persona que no sea el
individuo ms comnmente encargado de la inspeccin frecuente. La
frecuencia de las inspecciones peridicas se basa en la frecuencia de uso real o
anticipada, la intensidad de las condiciones de servicio, la naturaleza del trabajo
realizado con la eslinga y la experiencia obtenida durante la inspeccin de otras
eslingas empleadas en circunstancias semejantes. A continuacin se presentan
las directrices generales sobre la frecuencia de las inspecciones peridicas:
Servicio normalanualmente
Servicio bajo condiciones intensivas mensual a trimestralmente
Servicio especialsegn las recomendaciones de una persona calificada
Los intervalos de inspeccin peridica no deben de exceder un ao.
No hace falta tener constancias de las inspecciones frecuentes, pero la norma
WSTDA WS-1 o la ASME B30.9 requieren que se guarde constancia de la
inspeccin peridica ms reciente. Ver la norma WSTDA WS-1 o ASME B30.9
para ms informacin sobre definiciones de lo que significa Normal, Intensivo y
Especial en el contexto de condiciones de servicio.
3. Se debe proteger las eslingas adecuadamente

de cualquier dao
3a. Evitar el deterioro ambiental
Los factores ambientales, tales como la exposicin al sol, a la suciedad o
materia abrasiva y los cambios cclicos de temperatura y humedad, pueden
resultar en una aceleracin del deterioro de las eslingas sintticas. La tasa de
este deterioro variar conforme al grado de exposicin a estas condiciones y al
espesor del material de la eslinga. Por regla general, las eslingas de una sola
capa se deterioran ms rpidamente que las de capas mltiples. Generalmente,
las eslingas sintticas utilizadas al aire libre deben retirarse del servicio
permanentemente dentro de un plazo de 2 a 4 aos. Todas las eslingas
sintticas expuestas a estas condiciones deben examinarse a fondo durante la
inspeccin.
Tabla 2. Est alerta a estos tipos de daos durante una inspeccin visual y tctil
de las eslingas.
Cortes o roturas
Enganchones
Quemaduras cidas o alcalinas Costuras rotas/gastadas
SLINGS

Indicaciones visuales del deterioro mencionado pueden comprender:
Decoloracin de la malla.
Hilo desparejo y desalineado en la superficie de la malla.
Longitud acortada de la eslinga.
Reduccin en elasticidad y resistencia del material de la eslinga por
haberse expuesto al sol, a menudo evidente por una aceleracin en el
dao abrasivo al tejido superficial de la eslinga.
Fibras de hilo rotas o daadas, a menudo evidente por la presencia de
pelusa en la malla.
Rigidez de la malla, la cual puede llegar a ser bastante evidente cuando
las eslingas de malla se exponen al aire libre sin usarse ni someterse al
ciclo de tensionado.
3b. Evitar acciones capaces de daar las eslingas

Se debe evitar siempre acciones que produzcan las clases de daos
identificados en la seccin anterior de este Boletn de Seguridad, incluyendo
(pero sin limitarse a):
Eslingas que se caen al suelo o piso o que se arrastran sobre
superficies rugosas.
Estirar a la fuerza aquellas eslingas debajo de una carga, cuando sta
descansa sobre la eslinga; de ser factible, se colocan bloques debajo de
la carga.
Acortar o ajustar la eslinga, usndose mtodos no aprobados por el
fabricante de la eslinga o una persona calificada.
Torcer, enredar o hacer nudos en la eslinga.
Exponer las eslingas a cidos o lcalis con el dao concomitante.
Exponer las eslingas a fuentes de calor o salpicaduras de soldadura con
el dao concomitante.
Usar las eslingas o permitir que se usen cuando la temperatura sube por
encima de 194F (90C) o baja por debajo de -40F (-40C).
"Cargar sobre la punta" significa que el peso de la eslinga recae sobre la
punta de enganche en lugar de centrarse sobre la base o "asiento" del
gancho.
Usar ganchos, cadenas u otros accesorios con bordes o superficies que
podran daar la eslinga.
Conducir o pasar por encima de las eslingas con un vehculo u otro
equipo.
Debido a algunos productos qumicos que entran en contacto con las
eslingas sintticas, stas experimentan desde un leve deterioro hasta una
degradacin total. Los factores de tiempo, temperatura y grado de
concentracin afectan el deterioro. Para usos especficos, comunquese con
el fabricante. Adems, la absorcin de agua puede reducir la resistencia de
una eslinga de malla de nailon hasta entre el 10 y el 15% (la resistencia se
recupera cuando la eslinga se seca por completo). Para usos especficos,
comunquese con el fabricante.
Agujeros/perforaciones
Malla aplastada
Derretimiento o carbonizado Salpicaduras de soldadura
Nudos
Materiales incrustados
No UV Degradation
Degradacin por luz ultravioleta
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Hilo de ncleo rojo expuesto
Excesivo desgaste abrasivo
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3c. Dar suficiente proteccin a las eslingas
4a. Evaluar la carga
Las eslingas sintticas se pueden daar, desgastar o cortar al desarrollarse la

tensin y compresin entre la eslinga, los puntos de unin y la carga. Las superficies en contacto con la eslinga no necesitan ser muy abrasivas o tener bordes
muy filosos (parecidos al filo de una navaja) para crear las condiciones de falla de
la eslinga. Por eso, las eslingas sintticas SIEMPRE deben protegerse de cortes
o daos provocados por esquinas, bordes, salientes y superficies abrasivas,
as como protegerse suficientemente para el propsito o uso destinado .
Existe una variedad de maneras para proteger las eslingas de los daos
mencionados. Una persona calificada podra escoger y utilizar los
protectores/suavizadores tcnicos apropiados, o sea, productos comercialmente
disponibles (p.ej. mangas protectoras para eslingas planas y tubulares,
almohadillas contra el desgaste, cantoneras, envolturas del cuerpo, esquineras,
etc.), los cuales han sido diseados especficamente para proteger las eslingas
contra daos. Asimismo, una persona calificada podra disear y construir sus
propios mtodos de proteccin siempre y cuando la eslinga est protegida
adecuadamente y alejada de la superficie del borde daado.
Independientemente del mtodo elegido en particular, la meta es la de asegurar
que la eslinga bajo tensin mantiene la capacidad de elevar la carga en forma
segura mientras evita el contacto con las superficies dainas o abrasivas bajo
tensin. Una persona calificada debe considerar con cuidado la manera ms
apropiada de lograr esta meta. La proteccin utilizada no debe ser precaria, p.ej.,
la seleccin y utilizacin de cartn, guantes industriales u otros artculos afines,
nicamente debido a consideraciones de comodidad o disponibilidad.
Independientemente del mtodo elegido, una persona calificada debe asegurar
que el mtodo de proteccin elegido sea apropiado para los tipos de daos a los
que estarn expuestos las eslingas. Por ejemplo, cierta proteccin brinda resistencia a la abrasin aunque virtualmente no brinda proteccin alguna contra
cortes. Varias "pruebas" de elevacin efectuadas en un entorno sin
consecuencias adversas tal vez sean necesarias para determinar la idoneidad del
dispositivo(s) de proteccin. Hace falta inspeccionar el dispositivo(s) de proteccin
y la eslinga(s) para detectar daos y determinar el grado de adecuacin despus
de cada "prueba" de elevacin. Se debe tener en cuenta que no existe proteccin
total "a prueba de cortes", por lo que se debe operar siempre dentro de los lmites
especficos de la eslinga y sus accesorios (p.ej., dispositivos, piezas y proteccin,
etc.).
En las operaciones de levantar las cargas, un usuario calificado y capacitado

con los conocimientos necesarios debe tomar en cuenta los temas, problemas y
factores tratados en este boletn, al igual que cualesquier otros factores
pertinentes no tratados en el presente (ver la Tabla 6). Entre los factores
especialmente pertinentes a las eslingas sintticas, los usuarios deben realizar
varias actividades, incluyendo (pero sin limitarse a) aquellas tratadas en los
siguientes apartados.
4b. Seleccionar una eslinga/configuracin apropiada

Seleccione una eslinga con las caractersticas apropiadas para el tipo, tamao y
peso de la carga, el tipo de enganche (ver la Tabla7) y el entorno. Se debe unir
la eslinga con seguridad y cuidado a la carga y aparejarla de tal forma que
permita controlar la carga y evitar el desplazamiento, el deslizamiento y/o la
prdida de la carga. Un usuario calificado, capacitado y con los conocimientos
necesarios debe determinar el mtodo ms apropiado de aparejo para lograr el
levantamiento seguro y el buen control de la carga.
Tabla 3. Tipos de enganches de eslinga comunes
Enganche
Enganche
Vertical
Enganche
de
Estrangulacin
4. Siempre usar las eslingas correctamente
Observaciones
Se coloca un extremo en el gancho
mientras que se une el otro extremo
directamente a la carga. Se debe usar un
cable de maniobra para prevenir la rotacin
de la carga.
La eslinga pasa por un extremo, alrededor de
la carga, y el otro extremo se coloca en el
gancho. La capacidad nominal normalmente
es del 80% de aqulla usada para un
enganche vertical. El control de la carga es
un problema potencial con slo una eslinga
aparejada en un enganche de estrangulacin.
As tambin, el punto de estrangulacin
siempre debe estar en el cuerpo de la
eslingano en los accesorios, la base del
accesorio o albarn o etiqueta.
La eslinga acta como cuna para la carga
mientras que se sujetan ambos extremos por

Enganche
En las operaciones de levantar las cargas, un usuario calificado y capacitado con
encima. La capacidad nominal para un
de
los conocimientos necesarios debe tomar en cuenta los temas, problemas y
enganche de cesta es dos veces la de un
Cesta
factores tratados en este boletn, al igual que cualesquier otros factores
enganche vertical. Al igual que con el
enganche de estrangulacin, es posible que
pertinentes no tratados en el presente (ver la Tabla 6). Entre los factores
sea necesaria ms de una eslinga aparejada
especialmente pertinentes a las eslingas sintticas, los usuarios deben realizar
en un enganche de cesta (o por algn otro
varias actividades, incluyendo (pero sin limitarse a) aquellas tratadas en los
medio) para asegurar el control de la carga.
siguientes apartados.
Tabla 4. El manejo, levantamiento y manipulacin seguros de los materiales y las cargas requieren que se considere un nmero de temas, problemas y factores
El manejo, levantamiento y manipulacin seguros de los materiales y las cargas requieren que se
considere un nmero de temas, problemas y factores, incluyendo (pero sin limitarse a):
Categoras
Temperatura ambiente.
Temperatura objeto.
Condiciones y exposicin qumicas.
Integridad del punto de unin.
Susceptibilidad a aplastamiento/compresin.
Piezas sueltas que podran caerse de la carga.
Gras/malacates Sencillos/mltiples
Radio de operacin mxima/planeada
Carga permisible
Relacin de elevacin a carga permisible
Paso libre a edificios adyacentes.

Peligros a lneas de distribucin y otros peligros
ambientales. Espacio entre la pluma y equipo
elevador. rea de colocacin de
emergencia/contingencia.
Inspeccin de equipo.
Asegurar un trayecto despejado
para la carga.
Aparejo
Seleccin de eslinga
Control de carga
Centro de elevacin (sobre el CG)
Dinmica positiva eslinga-carga
Coeficiente de friccin eslinga-carga.

Enganche apropiado (control de CG y carga).
Movimiento libre sin enganchones de la carga.
Coordinacin de eslingas mltiples.
Ropa de proteccin adecuada.

Capacidad de eslinga adecuada
para ngulo y tensin.
Personal
rea libre de personal innecesario

Personal capacitado y calificado
Seales: visuales, audibles, electrnicas, etc.

Personal alejado de la carga y otros daos.
Reunin y plan de elevacin

previos. Requisitos para vigilar el
trayecto y la carga/ cable de maniobra.
Ambiente
Carga
Equipo/
Elevacin
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Un Nmero de Temas, Problemas y Factores a Tener en Cuenta

Viento
Clima
Visibilidad
Peso
Dimensiones
Centro de Gravedad (CG)
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Estabilidad del suelo.

Instalaciones subterrneas.
Cargas mixtas. Superficies/bordes
dainos. Estabilidad estructural
(dobladura/flexin).
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Otra consideracin importante es el ngulo eslinga-carga, o sea, el ngulo

formado entre una lnea horizontal y la pata o cuerpo de la eslinga. Este
ngulo es muy importante y puede tener un efecto dramtico sobre la
capacidad nominal de la eslinga. Una disminucin en el ngulo eslinga-carga
produce un aumento de carga sobre cada pata. Este principio se aplica a
numerosas condiciones, incluyendo el uso de una eslinga para elevar en
ngulo o con enganche de cesta o brida multipatas. La Tabla 5 brinda
informacin acerca de un aumento de tensin como funcin del ngulo
eslinga-carga (se supone una distribucin uniforme de la carga sobre cada
pata de la eslinga). No se recomiendan ngulos de eslinga menores de 30
grados.
Tabla 5. Aumento en la tensin de eslinga en funcin del

ngulo eslinga-carga
ngulo A
en grados
desde horizontal
Multiplicador
de
tensin
90
1.000
85
1.004
80
1.015
75
1.035
70
1.064
65
1.104
60
1.155
55
1.221
50
1.305
45
1.414
40
1.555
35
1.742
30
2.000
As tambin, cuando el ngulo de estrangulacin es menor de 120 grados, se

reduce la capacidad de resistencia de la vuelta estranguladora. Para
determinar la capacidad real de la eslinga a un ngulo dado de estrangulacin,
multiplicar la capacidad nominal de la eslinga (para vuelta de estrangulacin)
por el factor de reduccin apropiado, usndose la Tabla 6 para determinarlo.
4c. No someter la eslinga a usos indebidos

Procure no acelerar ni desacelerar la carga con demasiada rapidez (accin
denominada "carga de choque"). No use las eslingas para arrastrar ni para
estirar objetos trabados o enganchados; tampoco use las eslingas para el
remolque. Una eslinga sinttica slo debe usarse para levantar cargas.
5. Asegurar que todo el personal est alejado

de las cargas y alerta a los riesgos
Tabla 6. Reduccin en la capacidad nominal

en funcin del ngulo de estrangulacin
Aun teniendo en cuenta todos los factores, temas o situaciones que se han
tratado en este Boletn de Seguridad, pueden presentarse problemas. Por
eso, todo el personal debe alejarse de las cargas levantadas y nunca
ponerse encima, debajo o cerca de ellas.
SLINGS
ngulo de Estrangulacin
(grados)
CARGA
Se multiplica el peso de
carga (por pata) por el
factor de tensin para
determinar el aumento
de la tensin sobre la
pata o patas de la eslinga.
Capacidad real de eslinga =

Capacidad Nominal x
Factor de Reduccin
ngulo de
Estrangulacin
Factor de Reduccin
PUNTO DE
ESTRANGULACIN
Cuando se usa la eslinga, ninguna parte del cuerpo humano debe colocarse
entre la carga y la eslinga, ni entre sta y el gancho de elevar. Adems, el
personal deber estar alerta a la posibilidad de que la eslinga se enganche
durante la elevacin. Nunca utilice una eslinga sinttica para estirar o
arrastrar los objetos enganchados o de otra manera difciles de levantar.
NGULO DE
ESTRANGULACIN
CARGA
6. Manera correcta de almacenar y mantener

las eslingas
Para prevenir el dao a las eslingas cuando no se usan, hay que
almacenarlas en un lugar fresco, seco y oscuro. Las eslingas deben
almacenarse en un rea libre de fuentes de dao ambiental o mecnico,
tales como: salpicaduras de soldadura, astillas de esmerilado o fresado,
fuentes de calor, exposiciones a productos qumicos, etc. As tambin,
mantenga las eslingas limpias sin suciedad, residuos y materiales extraos.
[email protected]
www.lift-it.com
909.469-2251
Si hace falta limpiar las eslingas sintticas, solamente utilice agua y un jabn
suave. Enjuague bien la eslinga y djela secar completamente antes de
usarla o almacenarla de nuevo. No lave las eslingas a mquina. El lavado a
mquina resulta en una prdida significativa de resistencia de la eslinga.
24/7/365 EMERGENCIA
NMERO DE ORDEN
909.524-9287
TM
Dnde Encontrar Informacin Adicional

Este boletn no pretende darle toda la informacin que necesita saber para considerarse capacitado y con los conocimientos necesarios
sobre aparejos y elevacin de cargas, pero s presenta informacin importante sobre el uso de las eslingas sintticas dentro de un
sistema de aparejo. En caso de necesitar ms informacin sobre las eslingas redondas y las prcticas de aparejo o sus
responsabilidades segn los reglamentos y normativas, consulte con su empleador. Usted y su empleador pueden consultar un nmero
de fuentes informativas para poder asegurarse que usted ha sido correctamente capacitado y con los conocimientos necesarios para el
uso de las eslingas sintticas, incluyendo (pero sin limitarse a):
WSTDA-WS-1 Especificacin normalizada recomendada
para eslingas de malla sinttica de polister
Manuales de aparejos
Recomendaciones de OSHA sobre el uso seguro de las
eslingas (http://www.osha.gov/dsg/guidance/slings/synthweb.html)
Catlogo, manual, sitio web, boletines, etc. del fabricante
Capacitacin formal provista por los fabricantes u otras
entidades externas
WSTDA-WSSB-1 2010
ASME B30.9 Eslingas de malla sinttica: seleccin, uso y

mantenimiento
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.184-Eslingas
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Web Sling Inspection

A specific procedure for sling inspection is the best safeguard against injury, death and property damage. It is
important that you employ a three stage, level of inspection to ensure that slings are inspected with the appropriate
frequency. It is also important that all inspections must be done by trained and qualified personnel.
To detect possible damage, you should perform a visual inspection of the entire sling and also feel along its entire
length, as some damage may be felt more than seen. You should look and feel for any of the types of conditions listed
in the Removal from Service Criteria, see page 34. Page 35 depicts examples of some of the types of damage, but note
that they are relatively extreme examples provided for illustration purposes only.
If you identify ANY of these types of damage in a sling, remove it from service immediately, even if the
damage you see or feel is not as extensive as shown on page 35. Slings that are removed from service
must be destroyed and rendered completely unusable unless they can be repaired and proof tested by
the manufacturer. Never ignore sling damage or attempt to perform temporary field repairs of damaged
slings, (i.e., tie knots in the sling, etc.). It is very important that slings are regularly and properly inspected.
If you are not sure whether or not a sling is damaged, DO NOT USE IT.
SLING INSPECTION SYSTEMS

INITIAL INSPECTION
PERIODIC INSPECTION
The Web Sling and Tie Down Association defines the initial
level of inspection as, Before any new or repaired sling is
placed in service, it shall be inspected by a qualified person
to ensure that the correct sling is being used, as well as to
determine that the sling meets the applicable requirements.
All slings must be inspected periodically by designated

personnel at regular intervals. In order to validate the
Frequent Level of Inspection, the Periodic Inspection should
be done by someone other than the individual(s) who
performs the Frequent Inspection. The interval is based upon:
the frequency of use, severity of the service conditions, the
nature of the work being performed and experience gained
during the inspection of slings used in similar circumstances.
Recommendations to prevent damage must be evaluated to
improve the service life of the replacement slings. Periodic
Inspection intervals shall not exceed one year intervals.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers also states

in the initial inspection that, prior to use, all new, altered,
modified or repaired slings shall be inspected by a designated
person to verify compliance to all applicable standards.
The initial level of inspection is done upon receipt to ensure
that no damage has occurred during transit. The products
must also be verified to be correct, as ordered and they
comply with the manufacturers specifications. Without
printed product specifications this comparison cannot be
accomplished. If written records for individual slings are to
be maintained, the documentation should be initiated at
this level of inspection. Recordkeeping at the initial level of
inspection is not required.
ASME stipulates the following time interval guidelines for

Periodic Inspections:
Normal Service - Yearly
Severe Service - Monthly to Quarterly
Special Service - As recommended by a Qualified Person
Written records of the most recent periodic inspection shall
be maintained. Reference to a unique, sling identification
number is not required. If your employer or industry requires
recording the condition of individual slings, continue the
practice. The important point to realize is the ASME
recordkeeping requirement mandates that the event be
documented not the condition of individual slings.
FREQUENT INSPECTION
The Web Sling and Tie Down Association defines the frequent
level of inspection as one that is done by the user or other
designated person daily or before each shift in NORMAL
service conditions. When SEVERE service conditions exist, the
sling must be inspected before each use. See page 476, Sling
Service for definitions of Normal, Severe and Special Service.
The entire sling shall be thoroughly examined and removed
from service if damage is detected. OSHA and ASME stipulate
that, before each day or shift, the sling and all fastenings and
attachments shall be inspected for damage and defects by a
competent person designated by the employer.
Irrespective of the recordkeeping requirements that govern

your actions, it is important that slings inspected periodically
be identified or tracked to validate that the Periodic Inspection
occurred. Lift-It Slings can be equipped with an Inspection
Loop, Inspection Tag or RFID chipped for easy, visual
verification of Periodic Inspections (See pages 54 and 55).
Designated Person: Selected or assigned by the employer or
employers representative as being competent to perform
specific duties.
If you are unsure if the daily or pre-shift inspection has been

done, take the time to inspect the sling before you use it.
WSTDA, OSHA and ASME provide minimum guidelines. Never
assume that slings have been inspected by others.
Qualified Person: A person, who by possession of a

recognized degree or certificate of professional standing in
an applicable field, or who, by extensive knowledge, training
and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability
to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter
and work.
A qualified person must also determine that the sling is proper

for the intended use, hitch, load and environment. Any
condition that may result in a hazard shall cause the sling to
be removed from service. Written inspection records are not
required for frequent inspections.
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Removal from Service Criteria- Web Slings
Make a thorough inspection of slings and attachments. Items to look for include:
Missing or illegible sling identification.
Acid or caustic burns.
Melting or charring of any part of the sling.
Holes, tears, cuts or snags.
Broken or worn stitching in load bearing splices.
Excessive abrasive wear.
Knots in any part of the sling.
Discoloration and brittle or stiff areas on any part of the sling.
Pitted, corroded, cracked, bent, twisted, gouged or broken fittings.
Other conditions that cause doubt as to continued use of a sling.
Where any such damage or deterioration is present, remove the sling or attachment from service immediately.
SLINGS
DOL-OSHA 29 CFR 1910.184 AND GUIDANCE ON SAFE SLING USE
ASME B30.9 REMOVAL FROM SERVICE CRITERIA

a) Missing or illegible sling identification.
Section 9-5.7.1 requires that each sling be marked to show the following:
1) name or trademark of the manufacturer
2) manufacturers code or stock number
3) rated load for at least one hitch type and the angle upon which it is based
4) type of synthetic material
5) number of legs, if more than one
b) Acid or caustic burns.
c) Melting or charring of any part of the sling.
d) Holes, tears, cuts or snags.
e) Broken or worn stitching in the load bearing splices.
f) Excessive abrasive wear.
g) Knots in any part of the sling.
h) Discoloration and brittle or stiff areas on any part of the sling, which may mean chemical or ultraviolet/ sunlight damage.
i) Fittings that are pitted, corroded, cracked, bent, twisted, gouged or broken.
j) For hooks, removal criteria as stated in ASME B30.10
k) For other applicable hardware, removal criteria as stated in ASME B30.26
l) Other conditions, including visible damage, that cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling.
WEB SLING AND TIE DOWN ASSOCIATION REMOVAL FROM SERVICE CRITERIA
SYNTHETIC WEB SLING SAFETY BULLETIN (WSSB-1) 2010
The entire web sling must be inspected regularly and it shall be removed from service if ANY of the following are detected:
If sling identification tag is missing or not readable.
Holes, tears, cuts, snags or embedded materials.
Broken or worn stitches in the load bearing splices.
Knots in any part of the sling webbing.
Acid or alkali burns.
Melting, charring or weld spatter on any part of the web sling.
Excessive abrasive wear or crushed webbing.
Signs of ultraviolet (UV) light degradation.
Distortion, excessive pitting, corrosion or other damage to fitting(s).
If provided, exposed red core yarn. However, if damage is present and red yarns are not exposed,
DO NOT USE the sling.
Any conditions that cause doubt as to the strength of the web sling.
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Web Sling Inspection

If any damage such as the following is visible, the sling shall be
removed from service immediately. Photos depict examples of sling damage,
but note they are extreme examples provided for illustration purposes only.
ACID OR CAUSTIC BURNS
CUT
EDGE CUT
MELTING OR CHARRING
ABRASIONS
PUNCTURE
WELD SPATTER
BROKEN OR WORN STITCHES
DAMAGED EYE
EMBEDDED MATERIALS
TENSILE BREAK
MISSING OR ILLEGIBLE TAG
RED CORE YARN
KNOT
No UV Degradation
UV DEGRADATION
GOOD
CRUSHED WEBBING
323-582-6076
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SNAG
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BAD
DAMAGED HARDWARE
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Repair Testing Certification
Factory trained professionals inspect all types of slings, hoists, below the hook lifting equipment and tie downs. Each item is
thoroughly inspected per OSHA and/or ASME criteria, industry standards and/or manufacturer recommendation.
SLINGS
SLING INSPECTION MADE EASY
A detailed report identifying each item, the condition and approval or removal from service criteria will be provided. This
report will also include recommendations to enhance sling service life and employee safety.
If you wish to repair or replace damaged slings, we will provide replacement costs. Generally if repair activity exceeds 50%
of replacement cost, the repair activity is not recommended.
Items that pass visual inspection will be proof tested and certified.
BEFORE REPAIR
INSPECTION
PROOF TESTING
REPAIRS COMPLETE
Mr. Welk was born to immigrant parents in a sod farm house near Strasburg, North Dakota on March 11, 1903. He left the farm when he was 21 to pursue
his dream, a love for music and a desire to share it with others. During the early years he played at barn dances and weddings. Eventually his band would
play to an audience of over 30 million on his weekly television broadcast where adults were entertained and children remained silent. He would become
one of the wealthiest men in Hollywood and attributed his success to the opportunities made available to him by the country he so loved, his determination
to succeed and his faith in the Dear Lord. Mr. Welk passed peacefully on May 17, 1992 with his loving wife, Fern Renner Welk and his children by his side.
Lawrence Welk is the TRUE American Idol.
As you look down upon us from heaven, Mr. Welk, thank you for the countless hours of entertainment pleasure you provided for millions of us over the years
and for the example and quest for excellence you inspired in me.
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Repair Testing Certification

Sling repair must be economically feasible and must be done by a recognized sling manufacturer. Tent, awning, shoe
and saddle shops are not equipped to test repaired products and generally are not proficient in sling fabrication or
repair techniques.
Recycle sling hardware. Generally, the hardware components are reusable and utilization will substantially reduce
overall sling costs. When we receive your components they are degreased and carefully inspected.
Repaired items are proof tested to twice the assigned Work Load Limit, per OSHA, ASME and WSTDA requirements.
Our test machines are annually certified to ASTM E4 standards and produce a machine generated record for each
test. Beware of testing facilities that do not have the capabilities to offer a machine generated certificate of
test.
An additional tag is attached to all repaired items identifying
Lift-It as the repair agent. Test certificates are enclosed with the
return shipment and your inspection records must be updated to
reflect the repair activity, per OSHA requirement.
Lift-It will provide certification of conformance for materials,
strengths and Work Load Limits for any of our products. A nominal
charge will be applied if proof testing and certification are required.
Our 600,000 pound test machine will accommodate sling lengths up to 120 ft.
Care Storage Cleaning

In order to prevent damage to slings, when not in use, we recommend that they be stored in a proper location.
Make sure the location is:
COOL To prevent damage resulting from exposure to excessive temperatures.
DRY
To prevent the growth of mold and mildew, which can degrade synthetic fibers.
DARK To prevent the deleterious effects of prolonged exposure to sources of ultraviolet light.
FREE OF ENVIRONMENTAL/MECHANICAL DAMAGE
Ventilated and not exposed to heat and chemical exposure, sunlight, weld spatter or grit and
splinters from grinding or machining.
Slings should also be kept clean and free of dirt, grime and foreign material. Mild soap and water can be used for
this purpose. Hard bristle brushes damage webbing, consider using a sponge. Soaking slings in mild soap and water
for short periods of time is non-damaging. After cleaning, rinse slings thoroughly and allow them to completely
dry before returning them to storage. A clean sling, free of dirt and grime is easier to inspect for damage. Consider
replacing slings, instead of attempting to clean. The time, energy and resources necessary to be a sling launderer
may exceed the purchase price of replacement slings.
Steam cleaning at temperatures in excess of 194F/90C can damage the sling.
Power or pressure washing can force residue inside web and yarn fibers. The foreign material can cause internal
yarn and fiber damage.
Web and roundslings are severely damaged by machine washing, resulting in a serious loss of sling strength.
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Physical Factors Affecting Sling Strength

SLINGS
Avoid environmental degradation. Environmental factors such as an exposure to sunlight, dirt or gritty type matter and
cyclical changes in temperature and humidity can result in an accelerated deterioration of synthetic slings. The rate of the
deterioration will vary with the level of exposure to these conditions and with the thickness of the sling material. For example,
single ply slings will generally degrade more rapidly with this exposure than multiple ply slings.
Visible indications of such deterioration can include the following:
Fading of webbing color.
Uneven or distorted surface yarn of the webbing.
Shortening of the sling length.
Reduction in elasticity and stretch of the sling material due to exposure to sunlight, often evident by an
appearance of an accelerated, abrasive damage to the surface yarn of the sling.
Breakage or damage to yarn fibers, often evident by a fuzzy appearance of the web.
Stiffening of the web, which can become particularly evident when web slings are exposed to outdoor conditions
without being used or cyclically tensioned.
Web slings that are used outdoors regularly should generally be permanently removed from service within a period of 2 to 4
years. All slings that are exposed to environmental degradation should be highly scrutinized during their inspections.
Slings used in environments where they are subject to continuous exposure to ultraviolet light or excessive environmental
degradation, as determined by a qualified person should be proof tested to two times the Work Load Limit, semi-annually or
more frequently depending on the severity of exposure.
TEMPERATURE
Conventional synthetic products should never be used at temperatures above 194F/90C or below -40F/-40C. Temperature
exposure outside the acceptable range must be considered and evaluated by a qualified person.
ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT
Continuous exposure to sources of ultraviolet light affect the strength of synthetic products in varying degrees from slight
to total degradation. Factors which play a part in the degree of strength loss are length of exposure, sling construction and
design. Other environmental factors such as: weather conditions, elevation and geographic location also affect the degree of
degradation. (See page 18 for additional information).
STORAGE
When not in use, store slings in a cool, dry, dark location, free of mechanical and environmental damage. The storage location
should be ventilated and not exposed to heat sources, chemical exposure, weld spatter, grit, grime, foreign materials and
splinters from grinding or machining.
CHEMICAL
Chemically active environments can affect the strength of synthetic products in varying degrees ranging from moderate to total
degradation. Before slings are used, the chemical compatibility between the sling and the environment must be considered.
Aluminum fittings should never be exposed to chlorine environments or cleaned with chlorine based cleaning solutions.
Consult the sling manufacturer before purchase to evaluate chemical compatibility between slings, their components and the
environment.
MOISTURE ABSORPTION:
When nylon products are wet there is an approximate strength loss of 15%. This loss of strength is documented in the 1988
DuPont Technical Information Multifiber Bulletin X272, page 6. Nylon sling strength returns when the sling dries completely.
Polyester and High Performance Fiber strength is unaffected by moisture absorption.
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MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Synthetic sling users shall be trained in the selection, inspection, cautions to personnel, effects of the environment and
rigging practices.
Select the sling having the most suitable characteristics for the type of load, hitch and environment.
Slings that are damaged or defective shall not be used. Slings removed from service that are not capable of repair should be
destroyed and rendered completely unfit for any future use.
Slings shall be permanently marked. Slings with missing tags or illegible tag information shall not be used.
The sling manufacturer shall complete and install the sling tag. The replacement of the sling tag is considered a repair, but will
not require proof testing and certification.
The sling tag should be maintained and kept legible during the life cycle of the sling by the sling user.
Determine the weight of the load and make sure it does not exceed the slings Work Load Limit or the capacity of any
component in the rigging system.
Slings shall not be loaded in excess of the Work Load Limits. Consideration should be given to the sling-to-load angle which
affects sling Work Load Limits.
Work Load Limits are based upon: material strength, design factor, type of hitch, angle of loading, the diameter and curvature
that the sling contacts, and destruction testing done in laboratory controlled, testing conditions, which will never be duplicated
during actual usage. Work Load Limits are also based on a moderately dynamic lifting or pulling operation. Instantaneous
changes (rapid acceleration or sudden stopping) constitute hazardous shock loading and WORK LOAD LIMITS AS STATED,
DO NOT APPLY.
Work Load Limits for basket hitches and multi-leg bridle slings are based upon symmetrical loading of the individual legs. For
non-symmetrical loads an analysis by a qualified person shall be done to avoid overloading any part of the sling system.
Horizontal angles less than 30 degrees shall not be used, except as recommended and approved by a qualified person.
The sling shall be securely attached to the load and rigged in a manner to provide load control. The sling must be rigged to
prevent slipping and sliding across load edges.
Basket hitches used at angles less than 60 degrees can cause slings to slip under tension, creating an unbalanced condition.
Slings used in any hitch shall have the load balanced to prevent slippage.
Sling users must determine the loads Center of Gravity (CG) to ensure the rigging system will be able to retain and control the
load once lifted. Sling legs should contain or support the load from the sides above the Center of Gravity when using a basket
hitch so the load will not tilt when lifted.
Slings shall not be shortened, lengthened, tied in knots or joined by knotting. Methods not approved by the manufacture or
qualified person shall not be used.
Twisting and kinking the sling legs shall be avoided.
Slings used in a choker hitch must be of adequate length for the choke action to occur on the sling body. The choke action
should not occur on: the fitting or eye, at the base of the fitting or eye, on the load carrying splice or the sling tag.
Slings used in a choker hitch shall not be forced to tighten around the load by pounding with hammers or other objects. Choker
hitches are the least efficient way to use a sling based on Work Load Limit. Two slings should be used to balance the load. One
sling used in a choker hitch may result in a situation where an unbalanced load could lead to an accident.
A sling rigged in a choke hitch (not double wrapped) does not make full contact with the load. Use multiple slings and wrap
the load, when practical to ensure full contact. Do not allow the slings to cross over each other.
Keep the sling tags and labels away from the load, the hook and the choke action of the sling. Do not place the load carrying
splice in a connection point to the load or in the lifting mechanism.
Avoid side loading or edge loading slings. Ensure that both paths are loaded equally for Twin-Path slings.
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SLINGS
MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Slings shall always be protected from being cut or damaged by corners, edges, protrusions or abrasive surfaces by materials
of sufficient strength, thickness and construction. Sling protection may not prevent cutting or other forms of sling damage.
See pages 43-52 for additional information.
Synthetic products stretch when the load is applied. Stretching can be reduced by using polyester slings, slings with larger
Work Load Limits or by selecting a low elongation, High Performance Fiber, Twin-Path Extra Sling.
Do not accelerate or decelerate the load too fast. The G force on a dropped load could surpass the ultimate strength of
the sling. A load picked up too fast can develop a stretch/friction/surface heat that can surpass the melting temperature of
the sling.
Synthetic slings shall not be constricted or bunched between the ears of a clevis or shackle or in a hook. When synthetic slings
are used with a shackle, it is recommended that they be used (rigged) in the bow of the shackle. Placing synthetic slings on
the pin should be avoided, unless the sling is protected.
All hooks, shackles and other fittings must be free of damaging edges that could harm the sling.
All loads applied to the lifting hook should be centered in the bowl of the hook to prevent point or tip loading.
Avoid contacting and bending sling fittings over or across load edges.
The opening in fittings should be of the proper shape and size to ensure that the fitting will seat properly in the lifting hook
or other points of attachment.
Fittings used in any sling system must be compatible, i.e., proper shape, size and diameter to prevent damage to the sling.
The sling-fitting relationship must be proper to ensure that slings will seat properly and, in doing so, derive the greatest
Work Load Limit. The overall assembly capacity shall be established as the lowest strength of any assembly component (sling,
fitting, attachment, etc.)
The use of improper fittings and/or materials may result in severe personal injury or death.
Sling hardware or any object in the sling eye should not be wider than one-third the length of the sling eye.
Slings shall not be dragged on the ground or floor, or drawn over abrasive surfaces.
Slings shall not be pulled from under loads when the load is resting on the sling. If feasible, place blocks under the load to
allow for removal of the sling.
Loads resting on the sling could damage the sling.
Synthetic slings should never be used to pull an object in a snagged or constrained condition or used for towing. Synthetic
slings are designed to stretch; the recoil caused by any sudden release of a lifting constraint could result in a dangerous
projection of the load.
During the lift, with or without load, personnel shall be alert for possible snagging.
Do not drop objects on slings or slings equipped with metal fittings.
Do not run over slings with trucks or other equipment.
Personnel should stand clear of the load and shall not ride the load.
Personnel should never be under, next to or on a suspended load. Even if you take in account all factors and issues, things
can still go wrong.
Portions of the human body shall not be placed between the sling and load or between the sling and lifting hook.
Synthetic slings shall not be used as bridles on suspended personnel platforms.
Synthetic lifting slings shall not be used for fall prevention applications.
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Chemical Considerations
It is important to select slings and components possessing proper chemical characteristics, making them
compatible with their environment. Nylon, Polyester, Aramid, Nomex, Poly-Arylate (Liquid Crystal), Ultra High
Molecular Polyethylene (UHMwPE) and K-Spec fibers are ideal materials for synthetic slings because they offer
varying degrees of resistance and compatibility with different chemical agents.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNTHETIC FIBERS

NYLON
Nylon is popular and general purpose synthetic fiber which is unaffected by common grease and oil. Nylon products have
good resistance to aldehydes, hydrocarbons, ethers and some alkalis, while degradation ranging from none to moderate
occurs with exposure to certain alkalis. Nylon products are not suitable for use with acids and bleaching agents. Exposure
can result in degradation from none to total. Dilute acids, such as, hydrochloric and sulfuric in 10% concentrations at room
temperature cause significant strength loss in 10 hours.
Solvents for nylon include: concentrated formic acid, phenolic compounds and calcium chloride in methanol at room
temperature, hot solutions of zinc chloride in methanol, benzyl alcohol at the boil, hot solutions of calcium chloride in: glacial
acetic acid, ethylene chlorohydrins and ethylene glycol.
Nylon is not significantly affected by compounds of the following classes: alcohols, dry cleaning solvents, halogenated
hydrocarbons, ketones, soaps and synthetic detergents or water (including sea water).
Nylon products lose 15% of their Work Load Limit when wet. The acceptable temperature exposure range is -40F/-40C to a
maximum of 194F/90C. Stretch at Work Load Limit is approximately 8-10% for slings with treated webbing.
All webbing will become shorter, over time. Nylon webbing placed on a table, with no use, will shrink up to 5% in length
after six months, as a result of the weave configuration. Dense weave webbing shrinks less than loose weave webbing. Nylon
webbing will shrink more than polyester webbing. Other factors that affect shrinkage are humidity, temperature and usage.
POLYESTER
Polyester is not significantly affected by most compounds of the following classes: alcohols, dry cleaning solvents, halogenated
hydrocarbons, ketones, soaps and synthetic detergents or water (including sea water). Polyester also has good to excellent
resistance to aqueous solutions of most weak acids at the boil and to most acids at room temperature, but is disintegrated by
concentrated sulfuric acid (95%) at room temperature and exposure to alkalis. Polyester products also have some resistance
to most aqueous solutions at room temperature, but are degraded by the same solution at the boil. Oxidizing agents and
bleaching treatments ordinarily used by the textile industry do not degrade polyester fiber. Stretch at Work Load Limit is
approximately 5-7% for slings with treated webbing. Polyester does not lose strength as a result of moisture absorption. The
acceptable temperature exposure range is -40F/-40C to a maximum of 194F/90C.
ARAMID
Aramid fibers are resistant to most weak acids, alkalis, ketones, alcohols, hydrocarbons, oils and dry cleaning solvents.
Strong acids, bases and sodium hypo-chlorite bleach attack Aramid fibers, particularly at elevated temperatures and/or high
concentrations. Stretch at Work Load Limit is approximately 1%.
K-SPEC
K-Spec is a combination of High Molecular Polyethylene and Aramid fibers. Stretch at Work Load Limit is approximately
1% and the acceptable temperature exposure range is -40F/-40C to a maximum of 180F/82C. K-Spec core yarn strength
retention is based on test results of components at 150F/65C (or less) for 6 months. K-Spec has a 100% strength retention
when exposed to: age, 10% detergent solution, rot and mildew, sunlight and toluene; 99% retention when exposed to:
acetic acid, gasoline, hydrochloric acid 1m, hydraulic fluid, kerosene and sea water; 98% retention when exposed to: 25%
ammonium hydroxide, 10% hypophosphite solution, and 40% phosphoric acid; 97% retention when exposed to sodium
hydroxide 5m; 95% retention when exposed to Portland cement, and 88% retention when exposed to Clorox bleach and
nitric acid.
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Chemical Considerations
SLINGS
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNTHETIC FIBERS

ULTRA HIGH MOLECULAR POLYETHYLENE (UHMwPE)
Resists many chemical agents and retained 100% of the original fiber strength when immersed for 6 months in the following:
1M Hydrochloric acid
Gasoline
Sea water
5M Sodium Hydroxide
Toluene
10% detergent solution
Perchloroethylene
Kerosene
Hydraulic fluid
Glacial acetic acid
Hypophosphite solution (10%)
Ammonium Hydroxide (29%)

Clorox degraded UHMwPE by approximately 10% after a 6 month immersion test.
Stretch at Work Load Limit is approximately 1% and maximum temperature exposure is 140F/60C.
NOMEX
Nomex is resistant to most ketones, alcohols, dry cleaning solvents and many other organic solvents. Its acid resistance
is superior to nylon, but is not as good as polyester. Nomex shows good resistance to alkalis at room temperature, but is
degraded by strong alkalis at higher temperatures.
Nomex is compatible with fluorine-containing elastomers, resins and refrigerants at high temperatures and is resistant to
fluorine compounds in concentrations usually encountered in stack gases from metallurgical and rock-processing operations.
The resistance of Nomex to oxides of sulfur at temperatures above the acid dew point is superior to polyester. Below the
dew point, concentrated sulfuric acid may condense on the fiber and cause a progressive loss of strength.
FIBER CHARACTERISTICS
Nylon
Polyester
Aramid
Poly-Arylate
UHMwPE
K-Spec
Tenacity - Dry G/D
7.5 - 10.5
7.0 - 10.0
28
26 - 29
35 - 40
35
Tensile 000 psi
Fiber Properties
113 - 158
123 - 176
90
424 - 525
397 - 546
472.5
Elongation at Break %
15 - 28
12 - 18
4.6
3.8
3.5 - 3.8
3.8
Moisture Regain %
4.0 - 6.0
<0.5
<0.10
Specific Gravity
1.14
1.38
1.38
1.41
.97
1.11
Bulk Strength
1.0
0.9
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.8
Good
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Good
Good
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Fair
Fair
Good
<90%
Excellent
Excellent
Dilute:
Excellent
Good
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Concentrated:
Excellent
Fair
Good
<30%
Excellent
Excellent
Chemical Resistance
Solvents
Acids
Dilute:
Concentrated:
Alkalis
Temperature Tolerance
Melt Point
425F
490F
900F
625F
300F
320F
218C
254C
482C
330C
149C
160C
Please Note: Conventional Synthetics are not to be used at temperatures exceeding 194(F)/90(C).
ALWAYS FOLLOW RECOMMENDATIONS ON SLING WARNING TAG.

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Reflections on Sling Protection

By Michael J. Gelskey, Sr.
Slings exposed to abrasion and cutting are the single greatest source of accidents, injuries, death and destruction.
Synthetic slings are not the absolute solution for all rigging applications. The proper approach should always be to
use the right sling for the job to minimize risk and exposure.
All slings have limitations. Synthetic slings are susceptible to heat damage and damage from cutting and abrasion.
One may improperly rationalize and conclude that chain, wire rope and/or wire mesh slings should be used in all
harsh situations, which preclude the use of synthetics. Chain, wire rope and wire mesh slings are not totally bullet
proof in all applications and can also be damaged.
ASME B30.9-2006, Section, 9.X.10.4(d), Rigging Practices, Chapters 1, 2 and 3 stated that Chain, Wire Rope and
Wire Mesh slings should be padded with adequate materials to protect the sling. The sling protection language in
the ASME Sling Safety Standard-Rigging Practice section is similiar in Chapters 4, 5 and 6 for synthetic rope, web and
roundslings, except, should (a recommendation to be considered in Chapters 1, 2, and 3), was changed to shall,
a mandatory rule of the standard for all synthetic slings. The ASME B30.9-2010 Sling Safety Standard requires that
all synthetic slings shall be protected from damage.
Sharp was removed from the ASME B30.9-2006 Sling Safety Standard and had previously been removed from
the Web Sling and Tie Down Association- Recommended Standard Specification for Synthetic Web Slings (WSTDAWS-1-2004). The ASME B30.9 subcommittee and the WSTDA-Web Sling committee removed sharp from their
publications because the edge need not be razor sharp to damage any type of sling. Compression and tension
combined with a moderate edge and non-positive sling to load engagement, i.e., the sling skipping across the
load edge, can result in sling damage and failure. It is important that responsible parties protect all slings from
damaging load edges and surfaces with protection materials sufficient for the application and rig to properly control
the load.
Another common misconception is sling protection devices will perform equally well when subjected to abrasion
and/or cutting. It is important to realize that abrasion protection materials, designs and technology work differently
from those methods taken to provide protection from cutting.
Web slings can have a 12,800 pound per inch, basket Work Load. Twin-Path Extra, High Performance Fiber Slings
can have a 25,000 pound per inch, basket Work Load. Testing conducted by Slingmax, Unirope and Lift-It
evaluated various sling protection materials and constructions. The results are featured on page 44. Four protection
devices provided a sling protection performance design factor above the maximum 25,000 pound requirement:
CornerMax Pads, CornerMax Sleeves, Mesh Guard and Magnetic Corner Protectors.
I believe the initial steps of developing performance ratings for sling protection devices by visionaries: Dennis St.
Germain, Gary ORourke, Knut Buschmann and the author will profoundly influence the direction of the sling and
rigging industry. The Web Sling and Tie Down Association, has completed testing to determine the effects of various
sized edge radii on web and roundsling strength. The results for roundslings are included in WSTDA-RS-1(2010)
Recommended Standard Specification for Roundslings. The results for web slings are being evaluated by the Web
and Testing committees of the WSTDA. The aforementioned radii tests and test protocol under consideration by the
WSTDA may provide the basis for establishing protection ratings for various forms of engineered protection devices.
The sling user, inspector, loss control, safety and qualified person(s) must continue to be responsible and be involved
in the selection, evaluation and proper application of protection devices. There is no form of protection that is cut
proof; poor load control can render the best protection impotent.
We encourage all sling users to act responsibly and to evaluate sling protection devices and slings in a nonconsequence set of circumstances. Test lifts can easily be made at minimum heights to determine sling protection
adequacy. Slings and protection must be removed, inspected and evaluated after each test lift. Several test lifts
may be necessary to determine the best sling, method of rigging for load control and sling protection devices to
ensure success.
Remember, Successful Rigging = Successful Living.
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Sling Protection
SLINGS
Any sling can be damaged, abraded or cut as tension and compression develops between the sling, connection
points and/or the load. Slings must ALWAYS be protected from cutting and damage by edges, corners, protrusions
and abrasive surfaces in contact with the sling with materials of sufficient strength, thickness and construction to
prevent damage and catastrophic sling failure.
The edge of the load does not have to be razor sharp to create the conditions for sling failure. A combination of
non-positive sling to load contact (sling slipping across the load) and inadequate sling protection materials may result
in sling protection damage and failure. Sling protection may not prevent cutting or other forms of sling damage,
for this reason personnel should never be under or on the load, while the load is lifted or suspended.
Cut proof sling protection does not exist. Materials must be evaluated and selected based upon the application
and type of exposure. Some materials are suitable for abrasion resistance, but offer virtually no protection against
the effects of cutting. You should always operate within the specified sling and protection device limits. Twin-Path
Extra High Performance Slings can develop 25,000 Lbs. per Inch Work Load Limits. Web slings can develop 12,800
Lbs. per Inch Work Load Limits.
Certain materials used in sling protection have been evaluated for cut resistance. Magnetic Corner Protectors,
CornerMax Pads, CornerMax Sleeves and Meshguard sling protectors are rated for cut resistance.
Regardless of the particular method chosen, the goal is to ensure that the sling maintains its ability to securely lift
the load while avoiding contact with damaging or abrasive surfaces under tension. A qualified person must carefully
consider the appropriate means to accomplish this goal by selecting sling protection appropriate for the types of
exposure damage. The protection used should not be makeshift (i.e., selecting and using cardboard, work gloves
or other such items that were not designed to serve as protection devices).
Pressure (Lbs.)
SLING PROTECTION TESTING RESULTS
CornerMax Pad
CornerMax Sleeve
Mesh Guard
Magnetic Corner Protectors
Sling protection must be installed and evaluated for suitability by raising the load slightly and then lowering
the load for an inspection of the sling and the protection devices. Several test lifts, inspections and evaluations may be
necessary to determine the proper form of protection for a successful lift. Damaged or misused sling protection can result
in sling failure. Inspect the sling protection before each use and remove if damaged. Be sure sling protection is the correct
type and size to protect the sling. The length of the sleeve or protection material(s) must not interfere with the sling closing
to the full gripping position on the load. Sling protection may not prevent cutting or other forms of damage. To avoid severe
personal injury or death, personnel should be kept away from the load and never be under or near the load, while it is being
lifted or suspended. Personnel should never be next to rigging that is under tension.
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Sling Protection
CORNERMAX PADS
To be effective, conventional forms of sling protection must be of sufficient strength, thickness and construction. Traditional
sling protection has always relied on these attributes to prevent damage to the sling because of direct contact with damaging
load edges, corners or surfaces.
Patented CornerMax Pads are truly remarkable because of the tunnel or no touch zone that is formed between the load corner
and the CornerMax Pad. The no touch zone greatly reduces the possibility of cutting. Cut proof sling protection does not exist.
Note that the sides of the load must completely support CornerMax Pads in order to create and maintain the tunnel.
CornerMax Pad ratings are only valid if the 90 degree, CORNERED load fully engages the internal walls of the protector.
US Patent No. 7,744,138.
CORNERMAX PAD OVERALL WIDTH
STOCK NUMBER
(Inches)
CM-4
CM-5
CM-6
CM-8
CM-8
CM-10
CM-12
CM-14
CM-16
SLING WIDTH
(Inches)
UNIT WEIGHT
(Lbs.)
2
3
4
6
6
8
10
12
14
1 to 2 in.
3 in.
4 in.
Up to 5 in.
Up to 6 in.
Up to 8 in.
Up to 10 in.
Up to 12 in.
Up to 14 in.
1.10
1.35
1.65
2.10
2.10
2.70
3.35
5.50
6.50
4
5
6
8
8
10
12
15
17
YE
12,500 Lbs.
NO
12,500 Lbs.
NO
* Use Rod Width for determining maximum loading. DO NOT use Pad Width.
Please Note: CornerMax Pads are 10.25 inches in length, unless otherwise specified.
A TUNNEL or NO TOUCH ZONE IS FORMED

BETWEEN THE PAD AND LOAD CORNER.
ROD WIDTH *
(Inches)
NO
Simulated
Load
Edge
MAXIMUM LOADING:
25,000 LBS. PER INCH
OF SLING CONTACT WIDTH.
DO NOT EXCEED 25,000 LBS. PER INCH OF SLING CONTACT WIDTH.
CORNERMAX PADS ARE FOR USE ON 90 DEGREE CORNERED LOADS.
CORNERMAX SLEEVES
CornerMax Sleeves are an ideal solution to protect slings from cutting
when it is not practical to use protection that is based upon full, 90,
corner contact. CornerMax Sleeves conform to the curvature of the load
and are manufactured from high tech fibers. CornerMax Sleeves have
been tested in independent laboratory and field applications and have
proven to be extremely cut resistant.
CORNERMAX
SLEEVE
STOCK NUMBER
INTERNAL
SLEEVE
WIDTH
CMSDF-10
10 In.
CMSDF-8
8 In.
CMSDF-6
6 In.
CMSDF-4
4.5 In.
CMSDF-2*
2.5 In.
*DO NOT EXCEED 12,500 Lbs.
per inch of sling contact width
DO NOT EXCEED 25,000 LBS. PER INCH OF SLING CONTACT WIDTH.

Narrower and Wider Sleeves
are available
Increase productivity and decrease discharge time with Lift-It Coil Handler Slings. 10 Times
lighter than steel sling alternatives, Coil Handler Slings are easy to pull and fish through
coils and are non-damaging and repairable.
Stock No. CHTUFXKS 4000 x 13 Ft. Basket at 90 Deg.- 80,000 Lbs. Sleeve Length- 8 Ft.
Inspect the sling and sleeve before each use.
Do Not Use if Red Yarn is Visible in CornerMax Sleeve.
CornerMax Sleeve must always cover coil edge.
Damaged or misused sling protection can result in sling failure. Inspect sling protection before each use and remove if damaged. Be
sure the Sling Protection is the correct type and size to protect the sling. Prevent sling protection and slings from slipping or sliding
across load edges. DEATH or INJURY can occur from improper use, maintenance and/or inspection.
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Sling Protection
SLINGS
FELT SLEEVES - ABRASION PROTECTION

Lift-It Felt Sleeves blend two wear protection materials: Polyester Felt covered by Bulked Nylon.
Felt Sleeves provide protection from abrasion damage caused by contact with rough surfaces.
Felt Sleeves can be made to fit any sling and are available in long lengths which can be cut into
suitable sizes at the job site. Double or triple thickness Felt Sleeves are also available, depending
upon the severity of the application. Quick Felt Sleeves are available with hook and loop tape, making
installation and removal, quick and easy.
Always Specify:
Sleeve Length
See page 52 for ordering information.
MESH GUARD
Lift-It Mesh Guard features a unique combination of Sling Protection materials.
A layer of felt buffers the sling while carbon steel wire mesh covers the load edge.
Hook and loop closure bands make attachment and removal quick and easy.
SLING
WIDTH
(Inches)
2
3
4-5
6
8
10
MESH GUARD
STOCK NUMBER
MG-3
MG-4
MG-6
MG-8
MG-10
MG-12
MESH GUARD
OVERALL WIDTH
(Inches)
5
6
8
10
12
14
PROTECTION
RATING
(Lbs.)
20,000
20,000
40,000
40,000
60,000
60,000
HOOK & LOOP

CLOSURE BANDS
WEIGHT
(Lbs./Ft.)
2.00
2.50
4.00
5.25
6.50
8.00
WIRE MESH
TUBULAR
BULKED
NYLON
3/8 THICK FELT
Mesh Guard is for use on 90 degree cornered loads.

Sling must not be allowed to run off the edge of the wire mesh.
MAGNETIC CORNER PROTECTORS

MCP
STOCK
NUMBER
STYLE
SLING
WIDTH
(Inches)
UNIT
WEIGHT
(Lbs.)
CORNER
PROTECTOR
O.A.L.
(Inches)
MCP-6
Regular
UP TO 4
1.25
6-1/2
MCP-9
Regular
UP TO 7
1.65
9-1/2
MCP-12
Regular
UP TO 10
2.00
12-1/4
MCP-18
Regular
UP TO 16
3.00
18-1/4
MCP-9HD
Heavy Duty
UP TO 7
6.75
9-1/2
MCP-12HD
Heavy Duty
UP TO 10
8.75
12-1/4
MCP-18HD
Heavy Duty
UP TO 16
13.00
18-1/4
MCP-SL-6
Slotted-Regular
UP TO 4
2.00
6-1/2
MCP-SL-9
Slotted-Regular
UP TO 7
2.75
9-1/2
MCP-SL-12
Slotted-Regular
UP TO 10
4.25
12-1/4
MCP-SL-18
Slotted-Regular
UP TO 16
5.50
18-1/4
MCP-SL-6HD
Slotted-Hvy. Duty
UP TO 4
5.50
6-1/2
MCP-SL-9HD
Slotted-Hvy. Duty
UP TO 7
8.00
9-1/2
MCP-SL-12HD
Slotted-Hvy. Duty
UP TO 10
11.00
12-1/4
MCP-SL-18HD
Slotted-Hvy. Duty
UP TO 16
16.50
18-1/4
MCP-CURVE*
Curved
* You must specify inside diameter of coil and sling width
Heavy Duty
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Regular
Magnetic Corner Protectors are fabricated from a durable synthetic material that protects
synthetic and wire rope slings from damage. Magnetic Corner Protectors are for use on 90
degree, cornered loads and keep the sling from contacting load edges.
Magnetic Corner Protector ratings are valid if the 90 degree,
CORNERED load fully engages the internal walls of the protector.
Magnetic Corner Protectors are protection rated at 12,500 Lbs. per inch of sling contact
width. Heavy Duty Magnetic Protectors provide a larger contact diameter, but are not rated
higher than Regular Magnetic Corner Protectors. Magnetic Corner Protectors can be used at
temperatures from -20F/-29C to 220F/104C.
Slotted Magnetic Corner Protectors are available. Please specify flange thickness and width.
Curved Magnetic Corner Protectors are custom made to fit the exact curvature of your load.
Spacer Protectors are necessary in applications where slings are not perpendicular (sling-toload angles less than 90 degrees).
Magnets are designed to keep Magnetic Corner Protectors from falling
from metallic loads and are not intended to prevent the protector or sling from sliding. Slings
and protectors should be vertical or perpendicular to the load. The farther from vertical
slings and protectors are, the more likely the protectors and slings will slide to become
vertical, resulting in load instability and uncontrolled load descent. Keep magnets clean and
free of debris. Damaged or misused sling protection can result in sling failure. Inspect sling
protection before each use and remove if damaged. Be sure sling protection is the correct
type and size to protect the sling.
Slotted
46
4
Curved
Retainer Strap
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Effects of Minor Edge Damage

Four, identical, single ply slings were fabricated from a single roll of webbing. All independent variables were
controlled, as the same thread, machine and fabricator were used for this experiment. The slings (EE1-903) are rated
at 4800 Lbs. vertical and we would expect 24,000 Lbs. break strength. The slings were pulled to destruction. The
control sling broke at 26,050 Lbs. The other three slings were deliberately cut on one edge to simulate: 1/8 inch,
1/4 inch and 3/8 inch cuts. This seemingly minor damage resulted in very significant strength loss.
Minor damage is extremely serious and damaged slings must be removed from service, immediately
and not used for other applications. Remember, there is ZERO tolerance for sling damage. Be pro-active and prevent
sling damage from occurring by employing suitable Sling Protection.
CONTROL BREAK - 26,050 LBS.
1/8 IN. CUT 22,150 LBS.
1/8
Certificate of Test
Certificate of Test
1/4 IN. CUT 18,090 LBS.
3/8 IN. CUT 15,480 LBS.
1/4
3/8
Certificate of Test
Certificate of Test
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Sling Protection
SLINGS
SLEEVES
Sleeves cover both sides of the sling
and can be moved to a specific
location. Sleeves can also be
re-positioned for quick and easy
inspection of the sling.
EYE WRAP
Eye Wrap at the bearing point is standard eye protection
offered by Lift-It. Sling eyes are wrapped with Bulked Nylon.
Full length Eye Wrap is also available.
Available in six different

materials:
Bulked Nylon, Nylon, Leather,
Neoprene, CornerMax and Felt.
Available in sewn edge, tubular and
quick-sleeve constructions.
WEAR PADS
Wear pads are sewn to the sling
for protection at specific wear
areas. Wear Pads can be sewn at
any location, in single or multiple
layers and can be attached to one
or both sides of the sling. Leather
Wear Pads in excess of 5 feet are
not recommended.
EYE BUFFER
If specified, Sling Eyes can be lined with Eye Buffers at the
bearing point. The eye buffer can also be full length.
EDGE WRAP
Bulked Nylon or leather is sewn
around the edge of the sling.
Edge Wrap may be necessary
in applications where abrasion
damage occurs. Consider using
Polyester Max Edge webbing.
(See pages 69 and 70).
EYE SLEEVE
When additional protection is needed, consider Eye Sleeves.
Hook and loop tape makes installation effortless and removal
is quick and easy for inspection.
Please specify:
Eye width and thickness
Sleeve material
Sleeve length
BODY WRAP
Body Wrap is similar to the sleeve,
but is sewn to a specific location.
Body Wrap covers the webbing
surface and the edges.
SHACKLE PIN PROTECTOR PADS

Shackle
Nominal Diameter
(Inches)
Shackle Pin
Protector Pad
Stock Number
5/8
SPPP-580
3/4
SPPP-750
SPPP-1000
1-1/4
SPPP-1025
1-3/8 & 1-1/2
SPPP-1500
1-3/4
SPPP-1750
SPPP-2000
2-1/2
SPPP-2500
Full length protection, including ear seams.

Three connection points secure pad to shackle.
Installation and removal in seconds.
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Placing synthetic slings

on shackle pins should be avoided.
Even a new shackle can have damaging,
exposed threads. If synthetic slings
contact this area, they can be cut and
fail catastrophically. If you must rig
on the pin, protect your sling with a
Shackle Pin Protector Pad or use a Bolt
Type Anchor Shackle. See Page 218.
Damaged or misused sling protection
can result in sling failure. Inspect sling
protection before each use and remove
if damaged. Be sure the Sling Protection
is the correct type and size to protect
the sling.
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3/1/12 3:58 PM
Sling Protection
SECUTEX SLEEVES
Secutex Sleeves are made of transparent, reinforced material. The entire sling body can easily be inspected by
removing Secutex Sleeves from the sling; when finished re-install. For use with single ply slings.
Available for: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 10 and 12 inch web widths.
Sold only in 16 ft. lengths that may be cut into the specific lengths.
Stock Number Designation for Secutex Sleeves:
SECS-2: 16 Ft. Secutex Sleeve for 2 inch sling width.
SECS-6: 16 Ft. Secutex Sleeve for 6 inch sling width.
90 Degree Coil Turn
Necessary length of Secutex Sleeve=
2 x Height + 2 x Width + 2 x Overhang (1 in.)
180 Degree Coil Turn

3 x Height + 2 x Width + 2 x Overhang (1 in.)
1 in.
1 in.
B
H
1 in.
1 in.
1 in.
1 in.
B
H
1 in.
H
B
1 in.
1 in.
B
H
90 Degree Turn
2/3 of the body length.
1 in.
180 Degree Turn

1/2 of the body length.
180
90
2/3
1/1
1/2
1/1
Maximum loading: 2500 lbs. per inch of web width. Use only with single ply rated slings.
Do not use an oversized Secutex on a sling having inadequate width for Secutex Sleeves. Match size to size.
Make sure that the length of the sleeve does not interfere with the sling closing to the full gripping position on the load.
Secutex Sleeves must be reinforced if the load edge radius is less than .078 (2mm). See page 103. Coil edges must not be
broken or contain any burrs.
All load edges must be covered by the Secutex Sleeve during use.
Start slowly so that the Secutex Sleeve and sling can be positioned correctly.
The sling must be firmly positioned against the load edge and the sling must be free to slide inside the Secutex Sleeve.
Only use with single, unpacked and cleanly wound coils.
Use a non-slip base, i.e., rubber mat or Secutex turning mat.
Ensure that the coil cannot roll away or slip sideways onto the sling and sleeve. Do not pull coils out at an angle.
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Chaffing Gear
Chaffing Gear is available in three materials: Web, Bulked Nylon or Felt.

Chaffing Gear made with Web (3/16thickness) is the most popular.
Chaffing Gear with Bulked Nylon (3/32thickness) is four times more abrasion resistant than Web Chaffing Gear.
Felt Chaffing Gear (1/4 thickness-high density felt) provides a cushion effect.
SLINGS
Lift-It Chaffing Gear protects expensive mooring and tow lines from damage. Easy to install and remove, Chaffing
Gear works equally as well with chain and wire rope assemblies.
Material selection should be based upon: application, abrasion resistance and/or material thickness requirements.
Chaffing gear is available in any width and length. Chaffing Gear can be supplied in a single length for on-site
cutting of custom lengths.
TYPE A BRASS GROMMETS
3/8 Dia. Hole
TYPE B HOOK & LOOP TAPE
8C/L-C/L
CHAFFING GEAR SPECIFICATIONS

Type B
Overall Pad
Width
(Inches)
Stock
Number
Material
Type
Velcro
Width (In.)
Effective
Width (In.)
Rope
Diameter
(Inches)
Rope
Circumference
(Inches)
8
8
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
16
16
16
16
16
CGA-8-W
CGA-8-C
CGA-8-F
CGB-8-W
CGB-8-C
CGB-8-F
CGA-10-W
CGA-10-C
CGA-10-F
CGB-10-W
CGB-10-C
CGB-10-F
CGA-12-W
CGA-12-C
CGA-12-F
CGB-12-W
CGB-12-C
CGB-12-F
CGA-14-W
CGA-14-C
CGA-14-F
CGB-14-W
CGB-14-C
CGB-14-F
CGA-16-W
CGA-16-C
CGA-16-F
CGB-16-W
CGB-16-C
CGB-16-F
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
Web
Bulked Nylon
Felt
A
A
A
B
B
B
A
A
A
B
B
B
A
A
A
B
B
B
A
A
A
B
B
B
A
A
A
B
B
B
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
2
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
2
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
2
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
2
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
2
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
7
7
7
N/A
N/A
N/A
8
8
8
N/A
N/A
N/A
10
10
10
N/A
N/A
N/A
12
12
12
N/A
N/A
N/A
14
14
14
1-1/2 to 1-3/4
1-1/2 to 1-3/4
1-1/2 to 1-3/4
1-1/2 to 1-3/4
1-1/2 to 1-3/4
1-1/2 to 1-3/4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2-1/2 to 2-3/4
2-1/2 to 2-3/4
2-1/2 to 2-3/4
2-1/2 to 2-3/4
2-1/2 to 2-3/4
2-1/2 to 2-3/4
3 to 3-1/2
3 to 3-1/2
3 to 3-1/2
3 to 3-1/2
3 to 3-1/2
3 to 3-1/2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4-3/4 to 5-1/2
4-3/4 to 5-1/2
4-3/4 to 5-1/2
4-3/4 to 5-1/2
4-3/4 to 5-1/2
4-3/4 to 5-1/2
6-1/4
6-1/4
6-1/4
6-1/4
6-1/4
6-1/4
7-3/4 to 8-5/8
7-3/4 to 8-5/8
7-3/4 to 8-5/8
7-3/4 to 8-5/8
7-3/4 to 8-5/8
7-3/4 to 8-5/8
9-1/2 to 11
9-1/2 to 11
9-1/2 to 11
9-1/2 to 11
9-1/2 to 11
9-1/2 to 11
12-1/2
12-1/2
12-1/2
12-1/2
12-1/2
12-1/2
YOU MUST SPECIFY:

1) Gear Type:
Type A or B
2) Material Type:
Web, Bulked Nylon or Felt
Velcro
Loop
4) Always consider the

effective width for TYPE B
Chaffing Gear.
5) Allow extra width to
compensate for line swelling.
Velcro
Hook
(backside)
3) Overall width and length
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Overall
Pad
Width
Effective
Pad Width
50
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Sling Protection Information

ORDER CODE DESIGNATIONS
SEWN BULKED NYLON - CS
SEWN WEB - WS
SEWN FELT - FS
QUICK BULKED NYLON - CQS
QUICK WEB - WQS
QUICK FELT - FQS
SEWN & QUICK SLEEVES - BULKED NYLON AND WEB

SEWN SLEEVE DIMENSIONAL DATA AND INFORMATION
Bulked
Nylon
Stock No.
Web Sling Width

(Inches)
Web
Stock No.
Sleeve
Width
(Inches)
1 & 2 Ply
CS-3
WS-3
CS-4
WS-4
RS90
CS-5
WS-5
RS120-150-180
CS-6
WS-6
CS-8
WS-8
5 and 6
4 and 5
CS-10
WS-10
10
CS-12
WS-12
12
10
CS-14
WS-14
14
12
10
Wire Rope
Diameter
(Inches)
Roundsling
3 & 4 Ply
Single Leg
Double Leg
RS30-50-60
Chain Size
(Inches)
1/4 - 3/4
7/32
RS30-50-60
7/8 - 1-1/8
9/32 - 3/8
RS90-120
1-1/4 - 1-1/2
1/2
RS240-360
RS150-180
1-5/8 - 1-3/4
5/8
RS400-600
RS240-360
2 - 2-1/2
3/4 - 7/8
RS800
RS400
RS1000
RS600-800
1-1/4
RS1000
For Leather Sleeves use the material code prefix- LS. Example: Leather Sleeve for 3 in. web sling- Stock No. LS-5.
For Neoprene Sleeves use the material code prefix- NS. Example: Neoprene Sleeve (single leg) for RS90- Stock No. NS-4.
Please Note: Single Leg, Sewn Sleeves for roundslings must be installed at the time of order.
QUICK SLEEVE DIMENSIONAL DATA AND INFORMATION
Bulked
Nylon
Stock
No.
Web
Stock
No.
Sleeve
Width
(Inches)
CQS-3
WQS-3
Web Sling Width

(Inches)
1 & 2 Ply 3 & 4 Ply
Roundsling
Single Leg
Double Leg
Wire Rope
Diameter
(Inches)
Velcro- (Inches)
Chain Size
(Inches)
1/4 - 7/16
1-2 ply
single leg
3-4 ply
double leg
CQS-4
WQS-4
RS30-50-60-90
RS30-50
1/2 - 3/4
7/32 - 9/32
CQS-5
WQS-5
RS120-150
RS60-90
7/8 - 1-1/8
3/8
CQS-6
WQS-6
RS180-240
RS120-150
1-1/4 - 1-1/2
1/2
CQS-8
WQS-8
RS360-400
RS180-240
1-5/8 - 2-1/4
5/8
RS600-800
RS360-400
1-1/2
RS1000
RS600
CQS-10
WQS-10
10
5 and 6
CQS-12
WQS-12
12
CQS-14
WQS-14
14
10
10
CQS-16
WQS-16
16
12
12
3/4 - 7/8
RS800
RS1000
For Leather Quick Sleeves use the material code prefix- LQS. Example: Leather Sleeve for 3 in. web sling- Stock No. LQS-5.
For Neoprene Quick Sleeves use the material code prefix- NQS. Example: Neoprene Sleeve (single leg) for RS90- Stock No. NQS-4.
For roundslings we would recommend the use of tubular sleeves.
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Sling Protection Information

SLINGS
SEWN & QUICK SLEEVES - FELT

SEWN FELT SLEEVE DIMENSIONAL DATA AND INFORMATION
Felt 1/8 In
Felt 1/4 In
Felt 3/8 In
Sleeve
.125 thickness .250 thickness .380 thickness Width
Stock No.
Stock No.
Stock No.
(Inches)
Web Sling Width

(Inches)
1 & 2 Ply
FS125-3
FS250-3
FS380-3
FS125-4
FS250-4
FS380-4
Double Leg
Wire Rope
Diameter
(Inches)
1/4 - 3/4
7/32
RS30-50-60
7/8 - 1-1/8
9/32 - 3/8
Roundsling
3 & 4 Ply
Single Leg
RS30-50-60
RS90
Chain Size
(Inches)
FS125-5
FS250-5
FS380-5
RS120-150-180
RS90-120
1-1/4 - 1-1/2
1/2
FS125-6
FS250-6
FS380-6
RS240-360
RS150-180
1-5/8 - 1-3/4
5/8
2 - 2-1/2
FS125-8
FS250-8
FS380-8
5 and 6
4 and 5
RS400-600
RS240-360
FS125-10
FS250-10
FS380-10
10
RS800
RS400
RS1000
RS600-800
1-1/4
FS125-12
FS250-12
FS380-12
12
10
FS125-14
FS250-14
FS380-14
14
12
10
3/4 - 7/8
RS1000
*For Sewn Felt Sleeves with Bulked Nylon covers, add BN as an order code prefix, i.e., BNFS250-6
QUICK FELT SLEEVE DIMENSIONAL DATA AND INFORMATION

Felt 1/8 In
.125 thickness
Stock No.
Felt 1/4 In
Felt 3/8 In
Sleeve
.250 thickness .380 thickness Width
Stock No.
Stock No.
(Inches)
Web Sling Width

(Inches)
1 & 2 Ply
Wire Rope
Diameter
(Inches)
Roundsling
3 & 4 Ply
Single Leg
RS30-50-60-90
RS30-50
1/2 - 3/4
7/32 - 9/32
RS120-150
RS60-90
7/8 - 1-1/8
3/8
FQS380-6
RS180-240
RS120-150
1-1/4 - 1-1/2
1/2
FQS250-8
FQS380-8
RS360-400
RS180-240
1-5/8 - 2-1/4
5/8
FQS125-10
FQS250-10
FQS380-10
10
5 and 6
RS600-800
RS360-400
2-1/2
3/4 - 7/8
FQS125-12
FQS250-12
FQS380-12
12
RS1000
RS600
FQS125-14
FQS250-14
FQS380-14
14
10
10
RS800
FQS125-16
FQS250-16
FQS380-16
16
12
12
RS1000
FQS125-3
FQS-250-3
FQS380-3
FQS125-4
FQS250-4
FQS380-4
FQS125-5
FQS250-5
FQS380-5
FQS125-6
FQS250-6
FQS125-8
Double Leg
Chain Size
(Inches)
1/4 - 7/16
*For Quick Felt Sleeves with Bulked Nylon covers, add BN as an order code prefix, i.e., BNFQS380-8
QUICK TUBULAR SLEEVES - BULKED NYLON, WEB AND FELT

QUICK TUBULAR SLEEVE DIMENSIONAL DATA AND INFORMATION
Bulked
Nylon
Stock No.
Web
Stock No.
Felt 1/8 In
.125 thickness
Stock No.
Felt 1/4 In
.250 thickness
Stock No.
Sleeve
Width
(Inches)
Chain Size
(Inches)
Roundsling
Single Leg
Double Leg
CQTS-6
WQTS-6
FQTS125-6
FQTS250-6
9/32 - 3/8
CQTS-8
WQTS-8
FQTS125-8
FQTS250-8
1/2 - 5/8
RS30-50-60
CQTS-10
WQTS-10
FQTS125-10
FQTS250-10
10
3/4
RS90-120-150
RS30-50-60-90
CQTS-12
WQTS-12
FQTS125-12
FQTS250-12
12
7/8 - 1
RS180-240
RS120-150-180
CQTS-14
WQTS-14
FQTS125-14
FQTS250-14
14
1 - 1-1/4
RS360
RS240
CQTS-16
WQTS-16
FQTS125-16
FQTS250-16
16
RS400
RS360
CQTS-18
WQTS-18
FQTS125-18
FQTS250-18
18
RS600-800
RS400
CQTS-20
WQTS-20
FQTS125-20
FQTS250-20
20
RS1000
RS600
CQTS-22
WQTS-22
FQTS125-22
FQTS250-22
22
Wire Rope
Diameter
(Inches)
1 - 1-1/2
1-3/4 - 2
2-1/4 - 2-1/2
RS800
HOW TO ORDER
1. Select Construction:
Sewn
Quick
Tubular
2. Select Material:
Bulked Nylon
Web
Felt (Specify thickness)
3. Specify Stock Number
(Based on sling width or model)
4. Specify Protection Length.
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STOCK NUMBER DESIGNATIONS

MATERIAL
BULKED NYLON
CONSTRUCTION
SEWN
QUICK
CS
TUBULAR
CQS
CQTS
WEB
WS
WQS
WQTS
FELT 1/8
FS125
FQS125
FQTS125
FELT 1/4
FS250
FQS250
FQTS250
FELT 3/8
FS380
FQS380
N/A
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SLING PROTECTION INFORMATION

Lift-It Sling Protection is
constructed from the
following materials:
Materials
Bulked Nylon
Webbing (9)
Webbing (6)
Leather
Neoprene
Felt
Thickness
3/32
3/16
1/8
3/32 or 1/8
1/8-3/16-1/4
1/8-1/4-3/8
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Design Features
SLING WEBBING
Lift-It web slings are fabricated from sling webbing. Sling
webbing features a stuffer weave design. The inner
load carrying yarns are jacketed by an outer cover. The
longitudinal (warp) load yarns carry approximately 70%
of the load, while the remaining strength is derived from
the cover, side-to-side (weft) yarns. Red core yarns are
woven into the central load carrying yarn area. Red core
yarns may become visible, as the outer cover is worn away
or becomes damaged, providing a signal to users and
inspectors to remove the sling from service.
PURPLE:
Surface (Weft) yarns carry a portion of the load.
ORANGE:
Longitudinal (Warp) yarns carry the majority of the load.
RED:
Red core yarns.
BLUE:
Lateral yarns woven into the surface yarns.
GREEN:
Binder yarns secure the surface and core yarns.
In many applications, slings become

extremely dirty, making it difficult to see the red core yarns.
Red core yarns cannot be used exclusively to determine the
condition of the sling. Red core yarns must be used in
conjunction with other removal from service criteria and
visual/tactile inspection techniques to determine sling
condition. If there is any doubt, do not use the sling.
MIL-SPEC WEBBING
RED:
Load carrying surface yarns.
YELLOW:
Load carrying surface yarns.
BLUE:
Load carrying binder yarns.
Military specification or Mil-Spec webbing is not

designed for lifting. Nothing prevents its use in lifting
applications, but educated, informed sling purchasers,
users and inspectors. Mil-Spec webbing does not
feature red core yarns and does not employ a stuffer
weave design. Since the load carrying yarns are surface
exposed, the tensile strength of Mil-Spec webbing,
subjected to minor surface damage is radically reduced.
Why would a manufacturer supply MIL-SPEC or tie
down web for a lifting assembly? The answer is simple,
to maximize profit margin. Our problem with that is your
safety is compromised.
EFFECTS OF SURFACE ABRASION

DESCRIPTION
MATERIAL
WIDTH
THICKNESS
RED CORE YARN
FINISH
SLING
WEBBING
VS
Do not operate under the misconceptions, If I see red,

Ill be dead or the red yarns pop out at you when the
sling is not safe to use or during lifting to alert users of
overloading. Pay attention to the many, other removal
from service criteria and be a responsible user and
inspector. See page 34.
MIL-SPEC
WEBBING
NYLON
NYLON
2 IN.
1-3/4 IN.
.12 - .14
.15 - .18
YES
NO
PIGMENT DYE
CONDITION U
UNSEWN TENSILE
STRENGTH
15,000 Lbs.
15,000 Lbs.
DAMAGE
DESCRIPTION
HEAVY
ABRASION
LIGHT
ABRASION
TENSILE STRENGTH
AFTER DAMAGE
7,000 Lbs.
1,900 Lbs.
53%
87%
% LOSS
RED CORE YARN SENSIBILITY
WEAR OR DAMAGE TO COVER YARNS OF

SLING WEBBING RESULTS IN IMMEDIATE STRENGTH LOSS.
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DO NOT USE SLINGS THAT ARE STRUCTURALLY

DAMAGED, IF RED CORE YARNS ARE NOT VISIBLE.
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Design Features
Sling Thickness
Tolerance
1 Ply
1.5 Inches + 1.5% of Sling Length
2 Ply
2.0 Inches + 2% of Sling Length
3 & 4 Ply
3.0 Inches + 3% of Sling Length
TREATED WEBBING
Lift-It slings are manufactured from industrial sling webbing
that has been treated in the final stages of looming.
The treatment helps seal out moisture and dirt, reducing
the effects of abrasion, while enhancing sling service life.
Untreated web slings are also available upon request.
SLINGS
DESIGN FACTOR
All NEW Lift-It slings are designed and rated with a Design
Factor of 5 to 1, unless otherwise stated. When specified,
other Design Factors are available. Our slings can be used in
compliance with OSHA and ASME specifications. The Design
Factor does not allow the user to exceed the Work Load Limit.
It is important for sling users to realize Work Load Limits are
based upon: destruction testing done in laboratory controlled,
testing conditions that will never be duplicated during actual
usage and the sling being in a new or as new condition.
MANUFACTURING TOLERANCE
All Lift-It web slings are manufactured to the following
tolerances. For Web slings wider than 6 inches, add 1/2 to
the following values. For exact tolerances or matched slings,
contact us.
Any instantaneous change (sudden drops or

rapid acceleration) constitutes hazardous shock loading and THE
WORK LOAD LIMITS AS STATED, DO NOT APPLY.
SLING and WARNING TAGS

A heavy duty tag is attached to all slings. All necessary
information required by the various regulatory agencies
is laser imprinted into synthetic leather, resulting in the
most durable tag available.
Hitch diagrams, date of manufacture and a unique sling
identification number are also included. Custom tags can
also be attached for a nominal charge.
In addition to the sling tag, a warning tag is also attached.
Developed by the Web Sling and Tie Down Association, it
contains important safety, use and inspection information,
including removal from service criteria.
INSPECTION
TAG
DATE OF MFG.
UNIQUE I.D. NUMBER
Durable, Synthetic Inspection Tags include a matrix for

memorialization and visual verification of periodic sling
inspections. Synthetic Inspection Tags are available on
request for an additional charge.
Proper use, care, inspection and accident prevention
measures are enhanced by the Lift-It Sling and Warning
Tag System. If the Sling or Warning Tag becomes
detached or illegible, return to us for re-labeling.
WARNING TAGS
LIFT-IT INSPECTION LOOP

Zip
Tie
ion
Inspect
Loop
Metal tags are not only a hassle to make

and maintain, but they can hang up and
damage the sling.
Painting slings is not only a hassle, its

a messy hassle that can affect sling
performance.
We supply the Inspection Loop and you

supply the Zip Tie.
Slings must be inspected at different levels and at specified times. How does one visually validate that the periodic inspection, done
at least annually, has been done?
Sling Inspectors may meticulously track individual slings and rigging equipment, recording the condition. A unique identification
number would be necessary to differentiate identical slings or equipment.
Some inspectors dip the sling into paint (not only a hassle, but a messy hassle) to visually signify that the periodic inspection was
done. Others attach metal tags that are not only time consuming to make and attach, but could damage the sling by hanging up
during use. Zip Ties and colored, electrical tape are also used, but if they are attached too snuggly, they too can cause damage and
affect sling strength.
The Lift-It Inspection Loop does not damage slings or components. We supply the Inspection Loop and you supply the colorized
zip tie denoting the specific inspection interval (month, quarter or year). Imagine the simple beauty of visually surveying multiple
slings and easily determining that slings had been inspected during a specific time period. All you need to do is specify, Inspection
Loop on your order to take the first step to inspection efficiency.
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Sling Tags and Engraving

SLING TAGS: INSPECTION, WARNING, CUSTOM AND RFID
In addition to the Lift-It Inspection Loop there are several other ways to visually validate that the periodic inspection has been
done. We also offer custom, engraved metal tags. Shackles and other fittings that have a flattened area can also be engraved.
CHIP
ENCLOSED
RFID TAG
INSPECTION TAG
WARNING TAG
CUSTOM TAG
METAL TAG
ENGRAVING
909.469-2251
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3/1/12 4:00 PM

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GENERAL

Lift Planning and Evaluation

EQUIPMENT AND LIFT CRITERIA

Sling selection: Type and Capacity

Signals: Visual, Audible, Electronic, etc.

Purchase and Use Considerations

Purchase and Use Considerations

ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT DEGRADATION:

Sling passes through one end around the load,

The sling cradles

The horizontal angle

SLING ANGLE - REDUCED WORK LOAD METHOD

LOSS FACTOR CHART

The result is the reduced Work Load Limit.

1. Calculate the Sling to Load Angle.

Sling angles less than 30 should not be used, unless

90 - WORK LOAD LIMIT =

SLING-TO-LOAD ANGLE (DEGREES)

WORK LOAD LIMIT X LOSS FACTOR

10,000 Lbs. x 1.000

10,000 Lbs. x .8660

10,000 Lbs. x .7071

10,000 Lbs. x .5000

REDUCED WORK LOAD LIMIT

5,000 LBS. PER LEG

TENSION FACTOR CHART

1. Calculate the Sling to Load Angle.

2. Determine the corresponding Tension Factor.

3. Multiply the load weight (per leg) by the Tension Factor to

Sling angles less than 30 should not be used, unless

SLING TENSION INCREASES AS THE

= 5,000 PER LEG

Choker Hitch Angle

Choker Hitch Angle

CHOKER HITCH ANGLE REDUCTION CHART

Controlling a load with

Center of Gravity (CG)

Load will shift

Sling Tension - Leg Length/Headroom

Divide the load weight by the number of sling legs.

Load weight number of legs = Share of the Load (SOL)

Please Note: Tension calculations are based upon:

Example: 1.33 x 4,000 = 5,320 Lbs.

Advanced Tension Calculations

= .25 Distance from CG

.75 x 55,000 = 41,250 Lbs.

Load Angle Factor

= .75 Distance from CG

.25 x 55,000 = 13,750 Lbs.

Load Angle Factor

SLING TENSION - DIFFERENT HORIZONTAL PLANES

20 FT. LEG (L2)

(d2 x H1) + (d1 x H2)

(d2 x H1) + (d1 x H2)

(12 x 11.5) + (6 x 16)

(12 x 11.5) + (6 x 16)

Rigging and Hitch Information

ADJUSTABLE BASKET HITCH

Slings should be rigged in a manner that provides proper

The adjustable basket hitch allows the sling user to