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Table B600-2/E

Operating and maintenance norms for cylinders and servocylinders

These operating and maintenance norms are valid only for Atos hydraulic cylinders and are intended to provide useful information and
to avoid risks when hydraulic cylinders are installed in a machine or a system. Information and notes on the transport and storage of
hydraulic cylinders are also provided.
These norms must be strictly observed to avoid damages and ensure trouble-free operation. The respect of these operating and maintenance norms ensures an increased working life and thus reduced repairing cost of the hydraulic cylinders and system.
Index
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

SYMBOL CONVENTIONS
GENERAL NOTES
HARMONIZED STANDARDS
WORKING CONDITIONS
NAMEPLATES
CE MARKING
ATEX CERTIFICATION
SAFETY NOTES
MAINTENANCE
TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

SYMBOLS CONVENTIONS
This symbol refers to additional notes mandatories for ATEX cylinders in potentially explosive atmospheres, see tab. B400
This symbol refers to possible danger which can cause serious injuries

GENERAL NOTES
The cylinder operating instructions are a part of the operating instructions for the complete machine but they cannot replace it
These operating instructions must always be kept near the machine where the cylinder is installed to ensure an easy and fast consultation

Atos is not liable for damages resulting from an incorrect observance of these instructions.
All the hydraulic cylinders have 1 year warranty; the expiration of warranty results from the following operations:
- Unauthorised mechanical or electronic interventions
- The hydraulic cylinders are not used exclusively for their intended purpose as defined in these operating and maintenance instructions

HARMONIZED STANDARDS

Hydraulic cylinders are subject to PED directive 97/23/CE, see section 6 for details. Machinery Directive 2006/42/CE does not apply to hydraulic cylinders. For
an overall view relevant to application of the European directive in electrohydraulics, see www.atos.com, catalog on line page, section P, tab. P004.
CKA cylinders meet the requirements laid down in the Explosion protection directive 94/9/CE with reference to European standards documentations:
EN 13463-1
Non electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres - Basic method and requirements
EN 13463-5- c Non electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres - Protection by constructional safety
EN 13463-8- k Non electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres - Protection by liquid immersion
The hydraulic cylinder must be exclusively used in areas and zones assigned to the equipment group and category. Also observe the other
details about explosion protection given as follow. See section 7 for zones in relation to equipment groups and category.
Check the code in the nameplate to ensure that the hydraulic cylinder is suitable for the installation area

WORKING CONDITIONS
The operation of hydraulic cylinders is not permitted at different operating and environmental conditions than those specified below
CC

CKA, CKMA

Ambient temperature

-20  +120C

-20  +120C

-20  +70C

Fluid temperature

-20  +120C

-20  +120C

-20  +70C (T6)

-20  +120C (T4) for seals type G2 (1)

Max surface temperature

 +85 C (T6)

 +135 C (T4) for seals type G2 (1)

Max working pressure

16 MPa (160 bar)

25 MPa (160 bar)

16 MPa (160 bar)

Max pressure

25 MPa (250 bar)

32 MPa (320 bar)

25 MPa (250 bar)

Max frequency

5 Hz

5 Hz

5 Hz

Max speed

4 m/s

Recommended viscosity

15  100 mm /s

Fluid contamination class according to ISO 4406

ISO 19/16 (achievable with in-line filters at 25 m)

Description

CK, CK*, CH, CN

1 m/s

0,5 m/s for seals type G1

Note: (1) Cylinders with seals type G2 may also be certified T6 limiting the max fluid temperature to 70C

B600

NAMEPLATES
Nameplate 1 - Standard
R

5
1
2

Nameplate 2 - ATEX
1/2

www.atos.com
42/08
CK-80/36*1360-N041--B2X2
03685071
-32

Nameplate 1 - Standard (2)

Nameplate 2 - ATEX (1)(2)

Description

Pos.

y
x
c
v

Working conditions - legend

Description

Pos.

Delivery date
Cylinder code
Series number
Customer code (only if requested)
CE mark (see section 6 )

y
x
c
v
b

-20C<Tamb<+70C
fmax 5Hz

Tfmax +70C
Pmax 250bar
TV 09 ATEX 366333

APPROVED ISO 10100-ISO 4406 18/15

www.atos.com
II 2GD ck IIC T85C(T6)

2
3

2/2

Serial N

Meaning

Sym.

Cylinder serial number

Tfmax Max fluid temperature

Marking according to ATEX directive

Pmax Max pressure

Working limit conditions

Tamb Ambient temperature

Notified body and certified number

fmax

Max frequency

Notes: (1) ATEX cylinders are supplied with 2 nameplates: standard and ATEX
(2) The position of the nameplate on the rear or front heads can change due to the cylinder overall dimensions
6

CE MARKING

Hydraulic cylinders are considered as pressure vessels and thus they are subject to the PED directive (97/23/CE), point 1.1 of article 3. Particularly
they are designed to be used with fluids of group 2 (oil hydraulic fluids) and they have to be marked if the product Pmax x V (Volume under pressure)
is higher than 10.000 bar x liter. Tables below show the minimum stroke over which the cylinders have to be CE marked. ATEX cylinders are CE
marked according to ATEX directive (94/9/CE).
Cylinders CK, CH and CN - Pmax = 250 bar
Bore [mm]

200

56
70
90
70
90
110
90
140

250

140

125
160

Cylinders CC - Pmax = 320 bar

Stroke min [mm]

single rod
double rod
4075
3255
4745
5000
2460
2910
1985
3770
1595
1270
2495

Rod [mm]

810

1185

320

180

495

725

400

220

315

455

Stroke min [mm]

single rod
double rod

Bore [mm]

Rod [mm]

100

70

3975

5000

125

90

2545

5000

140

90

2030

3455

160

110

1550

2945

180

110

1225

1960

200

140

990

1950

250

180

635

1320

320

220

385

735

400

280

245

485

ATEX CERTIFICATION
The user must define the overall areas of the system into different explosive atmospheres zones in accordance with directive 1999/92/CE. The
table below shows the available installation zones related to the equipment group and category.
Equipment
Category
group
to 94/9/CE
to 94/9/CE

Application, properties
(exerpt from Directives)

Zones
to 1999/92/CE
0, 1, 2

II

1G

Potentially explosive atmospheres, in which explosive gases, mists or vapors are likely to be present
continuously, for long periods or frequently. Very high level of protection

II

2G

Potentially explosive atmospheres, in which explosive gases, mists or vapors are likely to occur
occasionally. High level of protection

II

3G

Potentially explosive atmospheres, in which explosive gases, mists or vapors are likely to occur for
short periods. Normal level of protection

II

1D

Potentially explosive atmospheres, in which explosive dust/air mixtures are likely to be present continuously, for long periods or frequently. Very high level of protection

20, 21, 22

II

2D

Potentially explosive atmospheres, in which explosive dust/air mixtures are likely to occur occasionally. High level of protection

21,22

II

3D

Potentially explosive atmospheres, in which explosive dust/air mixtures are likely to occur rarely or for
short periods. Normal level of protection

22

1, 2
2

Note: the permitted areas for the installation of Atos cylinders are keynoted in grey color
The cylinder group and category may change when rod position transducers or proximity sensors are provided, see table below and
tab. B400. For details about certification and safety notes consult the users guides included in the supply
Cylinder type

Group

Equipment
category

Gas group

Temperature class

Zone

II

2 GD

II C

T85C(T6) / T135C(T4)

1,2,21,22

GAS

II

2G

II B

T6

1,2

DUST

II

3D

T85C

22

II

3G

II

T4

CKA
CKA with ex-proof rod position transducer
CKA with ex-proof proximity sensors

Ex II 2GD ck IIC T85C(T6)

GROUP II, Atex certification
Ex = Equipment for explosive atmospheres
II = Group II for surface plants
2 = High protection (equipment category)
GD = For gas, vapours and dust
c,k = Protection by contructional safety and by liquid immersion
IIC = Gas group
T85C / T135C = Surface temperature class for dust
T6/T4 = Surface temperature class for gas
Zone 1 (gas) and 21 (dust) = Possibility of explosive atmospheres during normal functioning
Zone 2 (gas) and 22 (dust) = Low probability of explosive atmospheres

SAFETY NOTES

8.1 General
- The presence of cushioning can lead to a pick of pressure that can reduce the cylinder working life, ensure that the dissipated energy is less than the
max value reported in tab. B015
- Make sure that the maximum working conditions, shown in section 4 , are not exceeded
- Ensure to use hydraulic fluids compatible with the selected sealing system, see tab. B137, B140, B160, B180, B241, B310 and B400
- The rod must be handled with care to prevent damages on the surface coating which can deteriorate the sealing system and lead to the corrosion of the
basic material
- The mounting screws must be free from shearing stress
- Transverse forces on the rods must always be avoided
- When the cylinder has to drive a rotating structure or where little alignment errors are expected, mounting style with spherical bearing should be used
- Contact surfaces, support elements in tolerance, elastic materials and labels must be covered before painting the cylinder
8.2 Proximity sensors
- Proximity sensors are supplied already adjusted, if other regulations are necessary see tab. B137 or contact our technical office
- Ensure not to remove the sensor while the cylinder is under pressure
- The connectors must never be plugged or unplugged when the power supply is switched-on
8.3 Position measuring system
- Position transducers must never be removed, if not otherwise specified in tab. B310, while the cylinder is under pressure
- Observe the information provided in tab. B310 for the electronic connections
- The connectors must never be plugged or unplugged when the power supply is switched-on
8.4 Installation
- Consult tab. P002 for installation, commissioning and maintenance of electrohydraulic system
- The piping have to be dimensioned according to the max pressure and max flow rate required
- All pipes and surfaces must be cleaned from dirt before mounting
- Remove all plug screws and covers before mounting
- Make sure that connections are sealed before giving pressure to the system
- Ensure to not exchange the pipe ports when connecting the cylinders
- Bleed-off the system or the hydraulic cylinder using the proper device, see the technical data sheet for details
- Ensure that the cylinder mounting allow easy of acces for the purpose of maintenance and the adjustment of cushioning
- The max surface temperature indicated in the nameplate must be lower than the following values:
GAS - 80% of gas ignition temperature
DUST - max value between dust ignition temperature - 75C and 2/3 of dust ignition temperature
- The ignition temperature of the fluid must be 50C greater than the maximum surface temperature indicated in the
nameplate
- The cylinder must be grounded using the threaded hole on the rear head, evidenced by the nameplate with ground
symbol. The hydraulic cylinder must be put at the same electric potential of the machine
For details about ex-proof proximity sensors or position transducer refer to the users guide included in the
supply

Ground

MAINTENANCE
Maintenance must be carried out only by qualified personnel with a specific knowledge of hydraulics and electrohydraulics

9.1 Preliminary check and ordinary maintenance

Atos hydraulic cylinders dont require any maintenance after commissioning. Anyway it is recommended to take into account the following remarks:
- Results of maintenance and inspection must be planned and documented
- Check oil escaping from oil ports or leakages at the cylinder heads
- Check for damages of the chromeplated surface of the rod: damages may indicate oil contamination or the presence of excessive transverse load
- Determine lubricating intervals for spherical clevises, trunnion and all parts not self-lubricated
- The rod should always be retracted during long stop of the machine or system
- Remove any salt, machining residuals or other dirt cumulated on the rod surface
- Follow the maintenance instructions of the fluid manufacturer
- Any planned maintenance must be performed only by experienced personnel, authorized by Atos
- Ordinary maintenance of the cylinder consist of cleaning of the external surfaces using a wet cloth to avoid accumulation of dust layer > 5 mm
- Do not use compressed air for cleaning to avoid any dangerous dust dispersion on the surrounding atmosphere
- Any sudden increment in temperature requires immediate stop of the system and inspection of the relevant components
9.2 Repairing
Before beginning any repairing observe the following guidelines:
- Unauthorized opening of the cylinder during the warranty period results in the warranty expiration
- Be sure to use only original spare parts manufactured or supplied by Atos
- Provide all the required tools to make the repair operations safely and not damage the components
- Read and follow all the safety notes given in section 8
- Ensure that the cylinder is well locked before beginning any operation
- Disassembly or assembly the cylinder with the right order as indicated in section 9.3
- When mounting rod or piston guides and seals observe the correct position as indicated in section 9.4. Any bad positioning can result in oil leakages
- It is strongly recommended the use of expanding sleeves to insert the seals in the proper groove
- Tighten all the screws or nuts as follow: lubricates the threads, insert the screw or the nut by hand for some turns, tighten the screw crosswise with the
tightening torque specified in the technical table (a pneumatic screw driver may be used)
- Rod bearing and piston must be locked respectively to the front head and to the rod by means of special pin to avoid unscrewing
- The replacement of wear parts such as seals, rod bearing and guide rings depends on the operating conditions, temperature and quality of the fluid
Any repairing must be performed only by experienced personnel, authorized by Atos

B600

9.3 Cylinders exploded views

CK* servocylinder - For spare parts see tab. KTR-B310

CK/CH - For spare parts see tab.KTR-B137, KTR-B140 and KTR-B160

CC - For spare parts see tab. KTR-B241

CN - For spare parts see tab. KTR-B180

Note:

this symbol means that a particular equipment is required for mounting, contact our technical office

9.4 Sealing system mounting

PISTON

G1-G8

10

G2-G3-G4-G5

G6
Single effect
pushing

ROD BEARING

G7
Single effect
pulling

G1

G2-G3-G4-G5-G6-G7

G8

TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

10.1 Transport
Observe the following guidelines for transport of hydraulic cylinders:
- Cylinders have to be transported using a forklift truck or a lifting gear always ensuring a stable position of the cylinder
- Cylinders have to be transported in horizontal position in their original packaging
- Use soft lifting belts to move or lift the cylinders in order to avoid damages
- Before any movement check the cylinders weight (due to tolerances, the weight may be 10% greater than the values specified in the technical table)
Additional parts such as pipes, subplates and transducers must never be used for lifting
10.2 Storage
Corrosion protection is achieved with epoxy coatings: the primer grants a storage period up to 12 months. Additionally all cylinders are tested with mineral
oil OSO 46; the oil film, presents in the cylinder chambers after testing, ensures the internal corrosion protection.
Anyway be care to observe the following remarks:
- When a storage in the open air is foreseen ensure that cylinders are well protected against water
- The cylinders must be inspected at least once a year and rotated through 90 every six months to preserve the seals
In case of storage period longer than 12 months, contact our technical office

02/13

11

CYLINDERS TROUBLESHOOTING

LIKELY CAUSE

TROUBLE
Oil leakage

Wiper or seal extrusion

Lose of cushioning effect

HYPOTHESIS OF SERVICE

1) High lateral loads

a) Improve the precision of the machine alignment

b) Decrease lateral loads

2) Fluid contaminants

Check that the fluid contamination class is at least ISO 19/16 according to
ISO 4406. Install in-line filters at 25 m

3) Chemical attack

Check fluid compatibility according to the sealing system and replace it if

necessary

4) High temperatures (fluid)

a) Decrease the fluid temperature

b) Install G2 sealings for high temperatures

5) High temperature (ambient)

a) Move the cylinder in a low temperature zone

b) Install G2 sealings for high temperatures

6) High speed

Check maximum speed admitted for the sealing system installed

7) Pick of pressure

Limit the pressure in the system

8) Rod seals damaged

a) Replace rod seals

b) Install draining option L

9) Rod speed too low

Check the min speed admitted according to the cushioning.

If necessary replace Fast cushioning, with slow cushioning

10) Cushioning adjustment cartridge with bad or loss of Screw the cushioning adjustment screw till restoring the cushioning effect
regulation

Cylinder noisy

Rod vibration

11) Fluid contaminants

Check that the fluid contamination class is at least ISO 19/16 according to
ISO 4406. Install in-line filters at 25 m

12) Impact of the piston with the heads

Install external or internal cushioning system

13) Fluid contaminants

Foreign particles inside the cylinder generate unusual noise, check that the
fluid contamination class is at least ISO 19/16 according to ISO 4406.
Install in-line filters at 25 m

14) Excessive friction

Replace the sealing system to decrease the friction, contact our technical
office

15) Rod with low guide

Increase the guide for the rod

16) Air in the circuit

Bleed off completely the air inside the hydraulic circuit

Rod locked or impossible to 17) Pressure too low to move the mass
move
18) Excessive friction in the machine

Increase the operating pressure taking care to not exceed the max working
pressure
Reduce at minimum frictions or increase the working pressure

19) Cushions locked caused by too high cushioning pressure Verify the max energy to be dissipated by the cushioning, see section 8 in
table B015

Rod motion without oil pressure

Rod failure

20) Fluid contaminants

Foreign particles could lock the piston, check that the fluid contamination
class is at least ISO 19/16 according to ISO 4406. Install in-line filters at
25 m

21) Excessive leakage from the piston seal

See Likely causes and solutions for oil leakage

22) Changes in fluid temperature

a) Reduce the temperature variation

b) Change the fluid type to decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion

23) Excessive oil leakage

Change the sealing system or see Likely causes and solutions for oil leakage

24) Overload caused by a pick of pressure

Check the machine operations

25) Operating pressure higher than the admissible one

a) Decrease the operating pressure

b) Check the expected fatigue working life, see section 6 in table B015

B600