Education: Academic Abilities. The Best Ones Among Them Are Able To

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Education

In the UK, all children have to go to school between the


ages of 5 and 16. In both the US and the UK, most children
go to schools that are provided by the government. In the
US these are known as PUBLIC SCHOOLS and in the UK they
are known as STATE SCHOOLS.
In the UK, some children go to schools that their parents
pay for. These are called private schools / independents
schools, but the most famous ones, such as ETON,
HARROW, WINCHESTER, and RUGBY, are confusingly known
as PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Parents pay fees, often of thousands
of pounds / term, although the schools themselves are run
as non-profit making charities, with all profits put back into
the school. Many such schools are often BOARDING
SCHOOLS, where students live as well as study. Some
British people think that children at public schools get a
better education than children at state schools. Many of
these independent schools often pride themselves on their
long traditions and on developing character as well as
academic abilities. The best ones among them are able to
attract highly qualified teachers and select only the
brightest pupils.
In England and Wales the subjects taught in schools are
listed in the NATIONAL CURRICULUM, which was introduced
in 1988, and lists in detail the subjects that all children
must study. Children are tested at the ages of 7, 11, 14, and
16 (the so-called key stages) to see it they have reached a
particular level of achievement in those subjects. Needless
to say, this testing greatly increased teachers workload and
was initially widely resisted. The National Curriculum does
not apply in Scotland, where each school decides what
subjects it will teach.

Competition among schools is emphasized as the UK


government prints the LEAGUE TABLES of schools which put
institutions in order according to their examination results.
Some people think that this helps parents to choose the
best school for their children but others believe that they
are unhelpful and are not a good way of judging how
successful a school is.
At age 16, students in England take GCSE examinations in
subjects they have been studying for 2 years. The GCSE
examinations involve a final examination as well as
CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT (i.e. looking at a students
coursework). The marks students get in these examinations
help them decide which subjects to study for A-LEVEL. The
A-LEVEL is an examination in a particular subject which
students take when they are 18. Students usually start their
A-LEVELS when they are 16 and need to pass at least 2 ALEVELS to go to a university (very frequently they need to
pass 3). In order to go to a good university and study a
popular subject such as MEDICINE or ENGLISH students
usually need to get grade A or B in all their A-LEVELS. For
less popular subjects, however, they do not need to achieve
such high grades.
In England and Wales university courses usually last for 3
years and students typically study either one subject or 2
subjects that are related. Students in the UK take out
STUDENT LOANS, which means that they borrow money
from a bank to pay for their tuition & living costs and often
have large debts by the time they finish their course. Some
students from poor families receive a GRANT from the
government to help pay for their living costs. Universities
can charge as much as 9000 / year for tuition fees. This
means that students have to borrow even more money so
the government introduced a system which means that
students pay the money back gradually after they have left

university and only after their income goes over 15,000 /


year.

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