Rhythmic Vocabulary
Rhythmic Vocabulary
Rhythmic Vocabulary
!
"#$%#&'(!)*(+,-.+/$!
!
!
!
0/*&!!"#$%&'#(%)*+,-+.%//+0&12,34*%(4,#5+
67%(+83'29:,$9+;74#<*+=,"+>)2'%$9+?#,@!
!
1/2!3+/4!5+%4'67!
1'/8(%*/!*9!:+;;!<%-='87!
>/'?#+&!@*-6?!A6'B8/7'%$CD=+#*!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
EFGHG!,$!3+/4!5+%4'67!
3+%8/'+.7!#8/8'6!+/8!I/*B'=8=!9*/!I8/7*6+.!-782!!J*!I+/%!&+$!,8!/8I/*=-(8=!K'%#*-%!
K/'%%86!I8/&'77'*6!9/*&!%#8!+-%#*/2
"#$%#&!+6=!L/%'(-.+%'*6!L6+.$7'7!!
*9!M#+/.'8!N+/48/O7!D&I/*B'7+%'*6!
!
!
1+%+!'7!,+78=!*6!+6!+6+.$7'7!*9!%#8!9*..*K'6?!M#+/.'8!N+/48/!7*.*7P!
!
!
L6%#/*I*.*?$!
1*66+!R88!
T/6'%#*.*?$!
>.-87!9*/!L.'(8!
3**78!%#8!3**(#8!
<(/+II.8!9/*&!%#8!LII.8!
M*69'/&+%'*6!
J*KO7!%#8!S'&8!
@+/=,'/=!<-'%8!
18K8$!<Q-+/8!
!
!
N8/(86%+?87!+/8!?'B86!9*/!7*&8!(*6(8I%7!9*/!%#8!9*..*K'6?!/8+7*67P!
US*!46*K!#*K!*9%86!N+/48/!%86=7!%*!-78!+!(8/%+'6!=8B'(82!
US*!46*K!#*K!'&I*/%+6%!7I8('9'(!&-7'(+.!8.8&86%7!+/8!K#86!8&-.+%'6?!#'7!7%$.82!
US*!46*K!K#'(#!%86=86('87!%*!I/+(%'(8!9'/7%V!%*!I/'*/'%';8!%#8!'6(*/I*/+%'*6!*9!I8/9*/&+6(8!%/+'%72!
!
W'?#%#U6*%8!L/%'(-.+%'*6!
!
0*-6=+%'*6+.!HXY%#U6*%8!+/%'(-.+%'*6!7%$.8P!!S*6?-8!-I,8+%Z!7.-/!%*!=*K6,8+%2!!
!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2![\U[]!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!^^U^]!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2![^U[]!
C,##%+F''Z!&2!^\U^_!
C,##%+F''Z!&2!^]U_\!
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!_^UYH!
I2#4(7,),A9Z!&2!\_U\]!
=%2$:42$+D"4('Z!&2!\\U\]!
W`(8I%'*6Z!/+/8!*((-//86(8P!!S*6?-8=!78Q-86%'+.!HXY%#72!
!
=%2$:42$+D"4('Z!&2![^U\G!
N#/+78!W6='6?7!
!
0*-/!I/'6('I.8!(+%8?*/'87!*/!%$I87P!
H2! <#*/%!AI!>8+%!a,8,*Ib!
F2! R*6?!AI!>8+%!a=*U=+#b!
[2! <#*/%!=*K6!>8+%!a,*Ib!
\2! R*6?!1*K6!>8+%!a=+#b!
!
>8,*I!a7#*/%!-I,8+%bP!F\c2!S*6?-'6?!%#8!.+7%!%K*!6*%87!'7!&*7%!(*&&*62!!!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2![^U[]!a=87(86='6?Z!I86-.%'&+%8!6*%8!%*6?-8=Z!(*&&*6b!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!_FU_[!a+7(86='6?Z!'69/8Q-86%b!
!
C,##%+F''Z!&2!YFUY\!aI86-.%'&+%8!6*%8!+II/*+(#8=!,$!7.-/Z!.877!(*&&*6b!
!
1*U=+#!*/!=*UK+#!a.*6?!-I,8+%bP![Gc!
!!
US#8/8!'7!+!9+'/.$!8Q-+.!='7I8/7+.!*9!-I!+6=!=*K6!K'%#!d=*U=+#e!,8'6?!9*-/!%'&87!&*/8!(*&&*62!
UL..!d=*UK+#e!8`+&I.87!'6!%#8!7+&I.8!%/+67(/'I%'*67!+/8!=87(86='6?Z!&*7%!,$!7%8I2!!
UT9%86!K'%#!%8/&'6+.!B',/+%*2!
UL'/!/8.8+782!
!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!^U_!a+7(86='6?b!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!YGUY\!a+7(86='6?b!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2!f^Uf]!a=87(86='6?b!
J,,*'+(7'+J,,K7'Z!&2!\]UfG!a=*UK+#Z!=87(86='6?!7.-/b!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2![\U[]!a=*UK+#Z!=87(86='6?!7%8Ib!
>*I!a7#*/%!=*K6!,8+%Z!%*6?-8U7%*IbP!HGc!
!
DK2%11)'+-2,&+(7'+>11)'Z!&2![fU[^!
!
!
1+#!a.*6?!=*K6!,8+%bP!_c!!T9%86!HX\!*/!HXFU6*%8!%*6?-8=Z!+'/!/8.8+78Z!K'%#!%8/&'6+.!B',/+%*2!
UT9%86!K'%#!%8/&'6+.!B',/+%*2!
UL'/!/8.8+782!
!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!\\U\Y!
!
T%#8/!a7.-/Z!9+..Z!?.'77Z!,86=Z!7(**IZ!+'/!HX\Z!+'/!HXYbP!F]c!
+
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2!F_UF]!a7.-/b!
DK2%11)'+-2,&+(7'+>11)'Z!&2![_U\G!a9+..b!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2![GU[F!a?.'77b!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!^HU^f!a,86=b!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!f_UfY!a7(**Ib!
DK2%11)'+-2,&+(7'+>11)'Z!&2!\HU\F!a+'/!HX\b!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2![[U[^!a+'/!HXYb!
N#/+78!>8?'66'6?7!
!
AI,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!a+..!%$I87bP![_c!
U[_c!=*87!6*%!7-??87%!%#+%!+..!*%#8/!,8?'66'6?7!+/8!=*K6!,8+%72!
UT%#8/!%$I87!6*%!(*-6%8=!'6!%#'7!I8/(86%+?8!'6(.-=8!7-7%+'68=!7$6(*I+%8=!86%/+6(8Z!9.+&Z!?.'77Z+6=!!
?#*7%8=!6*%872!
!
AI,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!9*..*K8=!,$!HXY%#7P!FHc!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!FU\!
!
AI,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!9*..*K8=!,$!%/'I.8%P!H[c!
U<.-/!9/*&!HXY%#U6*%8!%#/*-?#!%/'I.8%!
US*6?-8!%*I!6*%8!
UT((+7'*6+..$!7.-/!'6%*!%*I!6*%8!a/+/8b!
!
C,##%+F''Z!&2!^HU^_!a+7(86='6?b!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!H_UFG!a=87(86='6?b!
!
AI,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!9*..*K8=!,$!%-/6P![c!
!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!\HU\\!
!
1*K6,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!a+..!%$I87bP!H\c!
!
1*K6,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!9*..*K8=!,$!HXY%#7P!HFc!
+
DK2%11)'+-2,&+(7'+>11)'Z!&2!fHUfY!
!
1*K6,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!9*..*K8=!,$!%K*!HXH^%#7P!Fc!
!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!^]U_H!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!H\UH^!
!
0.+&P!HHc!
U187(86='6?!='+%*6'(!&*7%!(*&&*6P!fc2!!!
UL.%8/6+%'B87!'6(.-=8!(#/*&+%'(!+6=!+7(86='6?2!
!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!\]UfF!
J,,*'+(7'+J,,K7'Z!&2!fHUff!
!
g8.=!<$6(*I+%'*6P!]c!
+
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!Y\UY]!
DK2%11)'+-2,&+(7'+>11)'Z!&2!\_U\]!
!
h.'77P!Yc!
+
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2![^U[_!
!
1*K6,8+%!HX\U6*%8P!\c!
+
I2#4(7,),A9Z!&2![HU[[!
!
S/'I.8%P![c!
+
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!HUF!
!
!
h/+(8!6*%8P!\cZ!+II.'8=!%*!+,*B8!B+/'+%'*67!
!
H\c!+((*-6%8=!9*/!,$!.877!(*&&*6!(#*'(87!7-(#!+7!+!%-/6!*/!?#*7%8=!6*%8!+6=!,$!/*-6='6?!*99!
+,*B8!I8/(86%+?872!
!
M*6%*-/!J*%87!
!
U<%+6=+/=X9*-6=+%'*6+.!+/%'(-.+%'*6P!S*6?-8=!-I!,8+%7!7.-//8=!%*!=*K6!,8+%72!
U38.*='(!(*6%*-/!6*%87!+/8!-7-+..$!#'?#8/!'6!I'%(#!%#+6!%#8'/!7-//*-6='6?!6*%872!
UM*6%*-/!6*%87!(+6!,8!*6!-I!,8+%7!*/!=*K6!,8+%72!
U5#86!%*6?-'6?!+!=*K6,8+%!I'%(#!%#8!6*%8!%#+%!I/8(8=87!%#8!%*6?-8=!6*%8!'7!+II/*+(#8=!,$!7.-/Z!
?#*7%8=Z!*/!#+.9U%*6?-8=!a%*6?-8!*6!(*/68/!*9!/88=!(*B8/'6?!7-/9+(8!-6=8/!%#8!%'IZ!.'?#%.$!+6=!
+..*K'6?!%#8!(*6%'6-+%'*6!*9!%*68Z!7*&8K#+%!&-99.8=b2!
UT((+7'*6+..$!a,-%!/+/8.$b!%#8!6*%8!%#+%!I/8(8=87!+!=*K6!,8+%!+((86%!'7!.8?+%*!%*6?-8=2!
!
W`+&I.8!*9!%#8!I/'6('I.8!*9!&8.*='(!(*6%*-/P!
+
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!\fU\]!
!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2!\[UfG!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!FYU[F!a%*6?-8=!=*K6!,8+%!I/8(8=8=!,$!%*6?-8=!6*%8b!
i-+/%8/!J*%8!L/%'(-.+%'*6!
!
<#*/%P!
!
J,,*'+(7'+J,,K7'Z!&2!\]UfG!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2![[U[\!
!
R*6?P!
+
J,,*'+(7'+J,,K7'Z!&2!f_UfY!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!\HU\[!
W'?#%#Ui-+/%8/UW'?#%#!
!
HX\!.*6?P!!!
!
U0+'/.$!8B86!='7%/',-%'*6!*9!.*6?!HX\!+6=!7#*/%!HX\2!
ULII.'8=!K#86!+7(86='6?!%*!HX\!,$!74'IZ!=87(86='6?!*6!HXY%#!a7*&8%'&87!?#*7%8=bZ!+6=!
+7(86='6?!%*!/87*.B82!
!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!YfU]H!
!
HX\!7#*/%P!!
!
U<*&8%'&87!6*%+%8=!+7!%K*!HXY%#7Z!HXY!/87%Z!9*..*K8=!,$!+6!HXY%#2!
!
UM*&&*6!K#86!(*6%*-/!*%#8/!%#+6!a+6=!7*&8%'&87!'6(.-='6?b!%#8!+,*B82!
UM/8+%87!+!%*%+..$!='998/86%!&8.*='(!(*6(8I%!%#+6!.*6?!HX\!B8/7'*62!
!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!^HU^f!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2![FU[f!
=%2$:42$+D"4('Z!&2!^GU^\!
S/'I.8%7!
!
L7(86='6?!a6*%!'6(.-='6?!I#/+78!,8?'66'6?7bZ!8B86P!Hfc!!
!
C,##%+F''Z!&2!YFUY\!
187(86='6?!a6*%!I#/+78!,8?'66'6?7bZ!8B86P![c!
!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2!\[UfG!
!
g*/';*6%+.P!H^c!
HX\!j!%K*!HX^%#7P!]c!!T9%86!K/'%%86!+7!+!%/'I.8%2!
+
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!H\UH^!a&2!H\!(*-.=!#+B8!,886!K/'%%86!+7!+!%/'I.8%2!38+7-/8!Hf!%/'I.8%!'7!&*/8!
8B862b!
!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!\fU\]!
WB86P!fc!
+
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!f_Uf]!
!
1*%%8=!HXY%#!UHXH^%#UHXY%#P![c!!5/'%%86!+7!+!%/'I.8%!*/!HXY%#!j!%K*!HX^%#72!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!F\UFf!
!
i-+/%8/!6*%8P!-6(*&&*6Z!I-..7!&*&86%-&!,+(4!
!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2![[U[^!
S/'I.8%!N+'/7!
!
L7(86='6?!*/!+7(86='6?!+6=!=87(86='6?P![c!
!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!^GU^f!a+7(86='6?b!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!FHUFf!a+7(86='6?X=87(86='6?b!
!
L7(86='6?Xg*/';*6%+.!a8B86bP!
+
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2!fHUff!
!
L7(86='6?!8B86!j!HXY%#!+6=!%K*!HXH^%#7P!
!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!H^UH]!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!f_U^G!
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!_H!
187(86='6?Xg*/';*6%+.P!
!
J,,*'+(7'+J,,K7'Z!&2!^_U^]!
S-/67!!
!
UL..!%-/67!(*6%+'6!+!#*/';*6%+.!HXH^%#U6*%8!%/'I.8%!9*..*K8=!,$!+6!HXY%#!a/8?+/=.877!*9!6*%+%'*6Z!
%#8$!+/8!%#8!7+&8b2!!!
US#8!+,*B8!/#$%#&!a9'..'6?!*68!,8+%b!'7!7.-//8=2!
US#8!'6%8/B+.!+6=!='/8(%'*6!&*B'6?!9/*&!%#8!%/'I.8%!'7!-7-+..$!=*K6!,$!7%8I!,-%!(+6!,8!+!74'I!*/!
7%8I!'6!8'%#8/!='/8(%'*62!!!
U"87*.-%'*6!%*!%#8!9*..*K'6?!,8+%!'7!+.7*!-7-+..$!,$!7%8I!,-%!(+6!,8!+!74'I!*/!7%8I!'6!8'%#8/!
='/8(%'*6Z!(*6%/+/$!a*II*7'%8!='/8(%'*6b!*/!(*6%'6-*-7!a7+&8!='/8(%'*6b2!!
US-/67!+/8!7.-//8=!,-%!%#8!*678%!+6=!8`'%!+/%'(-.+%'*67!(+6!,8!8'%#8/!%*6?-8=!*/!7.-//8=2!
U\]c!I/*(88=!=*K6!,$!7%8I!*-%!*9!%#8!%/'I.8%!+6=!=*K6!,$!7%8I!%*!%#8!68`%!,8+%!a&2!Y_!+6=!YYb2!
!
S-/6!6*%+%'*6P!
US#8!&*7%!+((-/+%8!6*%+%'*6!9*/!+!k+;;!%-/6!'7!+!HXH^%#U6*%8!%/'I.8%!9*..*K8=!,$!+6!HXY%#2!!!
U5#86!(*67'=8/'6?!%#8!HXY%#U6*%8!%/'I.8%!7-,='B'7'*6!*9!%#8!7K'6?!988.!'6!k+;;Z!*%#8/!/#$%#&7!+/8!
.877!7-((8779-.2!!!
UR'7%86'6?!%*!+!k+;;!%-/6!7.*K8=!=*K6!*68!/8B8+.7!%#8!.+7%!%-/6!HXY%#!-7-+..$!.'6'6?!-I!K'%#!%#8!.+7%!
%/'I.8%!7-,='B'7'*6!HXY%#2!
S/'I.8
%!
HXY%#U6*%8!K'%#!%/'I.8%!
7-,='B'7'*6!a7K'6?b!
HXY%#!+6=!%#/88!
HXH^%#7!
0*-/!
HXH^%#7!
S#/88!HXH^%#7!+6=!HXY!
a(*//8(%bZ!
I.+(87!HXY%#!*6!.+7%!%/'I.8%!
7-,='B'7'*62!
!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!YfU]H!
1*-,.8!S'&8!
!
UT6.$!78.8(%8=!(*6%*-/!6*%87!+/8!%*6?-8=2!
UT%#8/!6*%87!7.-//8=2!
U<-,='B'7'*6!,8(*&87!7%/+'?#%2!
!
>#(72,1,),A9Z!&2!\\U\f!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!F^UF_!
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2!\FU\\!
1*-,.8!S*6?-'6?!
!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!FGUF\!
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!\\U\^!
h#*7%8=!J*%87!
!
UD&I.'8=!,-%!6*%!7*-6=8=!*/!,+/8.$!+-=',.82!
Uh868/+..$!,8.*K!%#8'/!7-//*-6='6?!6*%872!
!
I2#4(7,),A9Z!&2!\_U\]!
h.'77+6=*7!!
!
UJ*68!+/8!,86%Z!+..!9'6?8/8=!K'%#!='7%'6(%!7*-6='6?!6*%872!
U3*7%!+/8!+7(86='6?!a=*-,.8!%#*78!=87(86='6?b2!
!
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!\]UfH!
h/+(8!J*%87!
!
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!f[Uf^!
h/*K.7!
!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2![]U\H!
g+.9US*6?-8!
!
US*6?-8!#8.=!%*!(*/68/!*9!/88=!K#'.8!,.*K'6?Z!=+&I867!%*682!
UT9%86!*6!-I,8+%!HXY%#U6*%8!%#+%!I/8(8=87!+!=*K6,8+%!+((86%!a,-%!6*%!8`(.-7'B8.$b2!
UM/8+%87!+!7&**%#!.'68!,8(+-78!%#8!%*6?-8!'7!*6!%#8!/88=!9*/!*68!6*%8!+6=!*99!9*/!%#8!68`%!%#-7!
8.'&'6+%'6?!I*77',.8!8`(877'B8!&*%'*6Z!K#'(#!(+6!7*&8%'&87!(+-78!.'687!%*!,8!(#*II$2!!!
UL!#+.9U%*6?-8=!6*%8!'7!7*9%8/!+..*K'6?!+!=*K6,8+%!%*6?-'6?!%*!+B*'=!%#8!#+/7#6877!+6=!I*77',.8!
78I+/+%'*6!*9!%K*!%*6?-8=!6*%87!'6!+!/*K2!
!
C,##%+F''Z!&2!]FU]f!
G,@H*+(7'+;4&'Z!&2!FYU[F!
"8I8+%8=!J*%87!
!
UJ*%!(*&&*62!
UA7-+..$!+%!%#8!,8?'66'6?!*9!I#/+787!K#86!-78=2!
!
C'@'9+DE"%2'Z!&2![[U[f!a86=!*9!I#/+78Z!-6(*&&*6V!*6(8!'6!HG!7*.*7b!
J,,*'+(7'+J,,K7'Z!&2!^\U^_!
=%2$:42$+D"4('Z!&2!^fU^Y!
"87%7!l!"#$%#&!
!
U"87%7!K'%#'6!+!I#/+78!/8I/8786%!/#$%#&7!
U>.*K!%#/*-?#!%#8!6*%87!K'%#!&8.*='(!(*668(%'*6!
U"87%7!=*!6*%!/8I/8786%!%#8!78I+/+%'*6!*9!&8.*='(!8.8&86%7!
+
>#(72,1,),A9Z!HUF!
+
B,#-42&%(4,#Z!&2![YU\H!
<(**I7!
!
U18.',8/+%8Z!6*%!+6!+(('=86%+.!,$!I/*=-(%!*9!I**/!(*6%/*.!
U<%$.8!7-??87%!.877!9/8Q-86%!-78!%#+6!&+6$!$*-6?!7%-=86%7!8B'=86(8!
!
L)"'*+-,2+>)4K'Z!&2!\fU\_!
<$6(*I+%'*67!
!
I2#4(7,),A9Z!&2!\GU\^!
)',/+%*!aS8/&'6+.b!
!
UL!K'=8Z!,/'89!B',/+%*!+%!%#8!86=!*9!+!6*%8O7!=-/+%'*62!
UL.&*7%!+.K+$7!I/8786%!*6!6*%87!*9!7-99'('86%!.86?%#!+%!%#8!86=7!*9!I#/+7872!
UL'/!/8.8+782!
!
C,##%+F''Z!&2![HU[[!
>+7'(!L/%'(-.+%'*6!
!
!
<K'6?!<-,='B'7'*6!
!
S#8!=*K6,8+%!(*&I/'787!%#8!9'/7%!%K*!%#'/=7!*9!+!%/'I.8%!K#'.8!%#8!-I,8+%!(+//'87!%#8!.+7%!%#'/=!*9!+!
%/'I.8%2!
!
!
S#8!!"#$%&'#(%)!L/%'(-.+%'*6!
!
N.+$!+!&+k*/!7(+.8!+..!7.-//8=Z!K'%#!+!7%/+'?#%!7-,='B'7'*6Z!+II.$'6?!(*67%+6%!+'/Z!K'%#!9-..!%*68!*6!
+..!6*%872!!M*668(%'*6!'7!48$2!!AI,8+%7!+6=!=*K6,8+%7!7#*-.=!#+B8!8Q-+.!B*.-&82!
!
!
!
L==!%#8!7K'6?!7-,='B'7'*6!,-%!&+'6%+'6!+..!*%#8/!+7I8(%72!
!
:+;;!'7!+!.8?+%*!7%$.82!!R'?#%.$Z!.8?+%*Z!+/%'(-.+%8!%#8!-I,8+%!6*%82!!S#'7!'7!+(#'8B8=!='998/86%.$!+7!I8/!
'67%/-&86%2!!>/+77Z!8`(8I%!%/*&,*68Z!+6=!K**=K'6=7!-78!+!.'?#%!(*6%+(%2!!S/*&,*687!I.+(8!+!
7.'?#%.$!#8+B'8/!+/%'(-.+%'*6!*6!%#8!-I,8+%!6*%872!!"#$%#&!'67%/-&86%7!(+6!I.+$!+..!7.-//8=!*/!K'%#!
+!7.'?#%!+((86%!*6!-I,8+%!6*%872!
!
>/+77!a8`(8I%!%/*&,*68b!+6=!5**=K'6=7P!
S/*&,*68P!
"#$%#&!HP!
"#$%#&!FP!
!
!
S#'7!9*-6=+%'*6+.!+/%'(-.+%'*6!-6=8/.'87!k+;;!I#/+7'6?2!!M#+/.'8!N+/48/!*6.$!-78=!%#'7!7%$.8!I-/8.$!
+,*-%!Ffc!*9!%#8!%'&8!,-%!'%!'69.-86(8=!#*K!#8!I.+$8=!*%#8/!+/%'(-.+%'*67!+6=2!!D%!'7!'6%8/87%'6?!%*!
8`I8/'&86%!K'%#!*%#8/!9*-6=+%'*6+.!+/%'(-.+%'*6!I+%%8/672!!W7786%'+..$Z!%#8/8!+/8!9*-/!(#*'(87P!!
!
H2 S#8!9*-6=+%'*6+.!7%$.8!+7!=87(/',8=2!!
F2 D%7!8`+(%!*II*7'%8P!%*6?-8!a*/!7.'?#%.$!+((86%b!=*K6,8+%7!+6=!7.-/!%*!%#8!-I,8+%2!
[2 S*6?-8!a*/!7.'?#%.$!78I+/+%8b!+..!6*%872!
\2 L..!7.-//8=2!
!
M8/%+'6.$Z!k+;;!&-7'('+67!-78!+..!*9!%#878!+/%'(-.+%'*672!!g*K8B8/Z!*6.$!%#8!9'/7%!K'..!(/8+%8!+!7%$.8!
9+&'.'+/!%*!-7!+7!k+;;2!!5'%#'6!%#'7!(*6%8`%!%#8/8!'7!+!?/8+%!+&*-6%!*9!B+/'+%'*6!+&*6?7%!I.+$8/72!!
!
!
N#/+78!W6='6?7!
!
S#8/8!+/8!9*-/!9-6=+&86%+.!I#/+78!86='6?7!+&'=7%!&+6$!I*77','.'%'872!!S#8$!+/8P!
H2 <#*/%!-I,8+%!
F2 <#*/%!=*K6,8+%!
[2 R*6?!-I,8+%!
\2 R*6?!=*K6,8+%!
!
>*%#!%#8!7#*/%!-I,8+%!+6=!%#8!7#*/%!=*K6,8+%!(+//$!%#8!d,8U,*Ie!8.8&86%2!!S#8!,8?'66'6?!+6=!%#8!
86=!*9!%#8!.+7%!6*%8!&-7%!,8!%*6?-8=!*/!7%*II8=!7*&8K#+%!+,/-I%.$!=8I86='6?!*6!*68O7!
'67%/-&86%2!!S#8!/87-.%+6%!7*-6=!'7!/8&'6'7(86%!*9!d,8U,*I2e!
!
S#8!d,8U,*Ie!86='6?!(+6!,8!+II/*+(#8=!'6!78B8/+.!K+$7Z!7*&8%'&87!='(%+%8=!,$!%8&I*2!
!
<#*/%!-I,8+%P!
<#*/%!=*K6,8+%P!
!
S#8!.*6?!*/!7-7%+'68=!-I,8+%!#+7!+!d=-U=+#e!*/!d=-UK+#e!7*-6=2!!D%!'7!78.=*&!.*6?8/!%#+6!+!=*%%8=!
Q-+/%8/!'6!.86?%#!+6=!&'?#%!86=!K'%#!+!%8/&'6+.!B',/+%*2!
!
R*6?!-I,8+%P!
S#8!.*6?!*/!7-7%+'68=!=*K6,8+%!'7!78.=*&!.*6?8/!%#+6!+!#+.9!6*%8!+6=!-7-+..$!86=7!K'%#!+!%8/&'6+.!
B',/+%*2!
!
R*6?!=*K6,8+%P!
!
!
!
S#8!>+7'8U'7&!
!
S#8!M*-6%!>+7'8!7%$.8!'7!*9%86!%#*-?#%!*9!+7!%#8!8I'%*&8!*9!#+/=!7K'6?'6?!k+;;2!!T9%86Z!%#8!
=*K6,8+%!*9!%#8!K'6=!I.+$8/7!'7!7.'?#%.$!,8#'6=!%#+%!*9!#'7!/#$%#&!78(%'*62!!S#8!-I,8+%7!(+6!9+..!
+6$K#8/8!,8%K886!%#8!%/'I.8%!%*!%#8!=*%%8=!8'?#%#!7'`%886%#2!!!
!
T68!*9!%#8!&*7%!7'?6'9'(+6%!+7I8(%7!*9!#'7!7%$.8!'6B*.B87!%#8!86=7!*9!I#/+7872!!g'7!,+6=!*9%86!#8.=!
%#8!78(*6=!%*!.+7%!6*%8!8`%/+!.*6?Z!(.*78/!%*!+!=*%%8=!8'?#%#Z!.+$'6?!%#8!.+7%!-I,8+%!6*%8!+.&*7%!*6!
%#8!68`%!,8+%2!
!
N/+(%'('6?!
!
S#8!9-6=+&86%+.!+/%'(-.+%'*6!K'..!?+/68/!&-(#!/8I8%'%'*6!'9!+II.'8=!%*!7(+.8!7%-=$2!
N#/+78!86='6?7!+/8!,87%!+II.'8=!%*!I+%%8/67!%#+%!/8Q-'/8!%#8&2!!S+4'6?!7-(#!+!I+%%8/6!%#/*-?#!HF!
48$7!'7!8`(8..86%!I/+(%'(82!
!
J*%+%'*6!
!
S#8!9*..*K'6?!I+?8!(*6%+'67!k+;;!+/%'(-.+%'*6!7$&,*.7!+7!(*='9'8=!,$!%#8!D6%8/6+%'*6+.!L77*('+%'*6!
9*/!:+;;!W=-(+%'*6!a-69*/%-6+%8.$!6*K!=89-6(%b2!
!
L6!+((*&I+6$'6?!M1!'7!+B+'.+,.8!%*!#8+/!%#8!7*-6=!/8I/8786%8=!,$!%#8!7$&,*.72!
:+;;!L/%'(-.+%'*6!<$&,*.7!
!
!
<$..+,.87!
!
!
"#$%#&!>.*(47!
!
3*7%!/#$%#&7!-78=!'6!k+;;!(+6!,8!+6+.$;8=!+((*/='6?!%*!8'?#%!9-6=+&86%+.!/#$%#&7!K'%#!%#/88!
&*='9'(+%'*67P!/87%7Z!%'87Z!+6=!%/'I.8%72!!L!&8+7-/8!'6!\X9\!%'&8!'7!6*%+%8=!'6!%K*!#+.B872!!S#8!
"#$%#&!>.*(4!7$7%8&!*9!/#$%#&'(!'=86%'9'(+%'*6!K*/47!K'%#!+!#+.9!&8+7-/82!!
!
HU6*%8!/#$%#&!
FU6*%8!/#$%#&7!
[U6*%8!/#$%#&7!
\U6*%8!/#$%#&!
!
3*='9'(+%'*67!
W`+&I.8!HP!M#+/.'8!N+/48/!B,#-42&%(4,#!
W`+&I.8!FP!<*66$!"*..'67!I)',!
1*-,.8!S'&8!
!
1*-,.8!%'&8!"#$%#&!>.*(47!K*/4!K'%#!%#8!,8+%!+7!*II*78=!%*!%#8!#+.9!&8+7-/82!
!
HU6*%8!
FU6*%8!
[U6*%8!
\U6*%8!
3*='9'(+%'*67!
!
W`+&I.8P!M#+/.'8!N+/48/!?MBM+L)"'*!
M*67'=8/+%'*67!
!
!
S#8!9'/7%!78(%'*6!,8.*K!=8&*67%/+%87!#*K!%#8!"#$%#&!>.*(47!&'?#%!,8!+/%'(-.+%8=2!!S#8/8!'7!+!M1!
+B+'.+,.8!9*/!+-/+.!8`+&I.82!
!
S#8!B,#*4$'2%(4,#*!8`I.*/8!I*77',.8!B+/'+%'*67Z!+=+I%+%'*67Z!+6=!d(*67'=8/+%'*67e!9*/!%#8!
'&I.8&86%+%'*6!*9!"#$%#&!>.*(47!'6%*!'&I/*B'7+%'*62!
!
0-6=+&86%+.7!
!
HU6*%8!/#$%#&!
FU6*%8!/#$%#&!
[U6*%8!/#$%#&!
\U6*%8!/#$%#&!
!
!
!
M*67'=8/+%'*6!H!
!
M*&,'68!"#$%#&!>.*(47!,$!"87%P!S#8!9'/7%!&8+7-/8!/8&+'67!'6%+(%!'9!9*..*K8=!,$!+!/87%2!!S#8!
78(*6=!/#$%#&!(*6%+'67!+!/87%!7-,7%'%-%82!
M*67'=8/+%'*6!F!
!
M*&,'68!"#$%#&!>.*(47!,$!<.-/P!A78!+!7.-/!%*!(*668(%!8'?#%#!6*%872!
!
M*67'=8/+%'*6![!
!
M*6%*-/!J*%87P!<.-/!%*!%#8!6*%8!%#+%!I/8(8=87!+!&8.*='(!(*6%*-/!6*%8!a+((86%8=!*/!%*6?-8=!6*%8b2!!
T9%86!%#8!6*%8!%#+%!I/8(8=87!+!%*6?-8=!a+((86%8=b!=*K6!,8+%!K'..!,8!#+.9U%*6?-8=V!/#$%#&!
'67%/-&86%7!&'?#%!?#*7%!%#8!6*%82!!!
!
m88I!%#878!I*'6%7!'6!&'6=P!
!
H2 :+;;!'7!+!.8?+%*!7%$.82!
F2 L((86%7!+&'=7%!+!.8?+%*!7%+6=+/=!(/8+%8!'6%8/87%2!
[2 g'?#!&8.*='(!(*6%*-/!6*%87Z!6*%87!#'?#8/!%#+6!%#*78!7-//*-6='6?!%#8&Z!*9%86!/8(8'B8!
+((86%!/8?+/=.877!*9!=*K6,8+%!*/!-I,8+%!I.+(8&86%2!
\2 h#*7%8=!6*%87!a-7-+..$!.*K8/!%#+6!6*%87!+/*-6=!%#8&bZ!-78=!K'%#!='7(/8%'*6Z!(+6!(/8+%8!
'6%8/87%!aI+/86%#87'7!l!?#*7%8=!6*%87b2!
f2 <.-/!a#+.9U%*6?-8b!%#8!6*%8!%#+%!I/8(8=87!+!=*K6,8+%!%*6?-8=!6*%8!aN+/48/b2!
!
W`+&I.8P!M#+/.'8!N+/48/!=%2$:42$+D"4('Z!&&2!]UH\!
!
M*67'=8/+%'*6!\!
!
"#$%#&'(!1'7I.+(8&86%P!<%+/%!/#$%#&7!*6!+!,8+%!*%#8/!%#+6!*682!
M*67'=8/+%'*6!f!
!
N'(4U-I!J*%8P!L==!+6!8'?#%#!6*%8!,89*/8!+!/#$%#&2!
!
!
M*67'=8/+%'*6!^!
!
<-,7%'%-%'*67P!"87%7Z!%/'I.8%7Z!+6=!%'872!
!
!