3500 TroubleshootingSEK PDF

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS
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Cerrar SIS
Pantalla anterior
Producto: GEN SET ENGINE
Modelo: 3516 GEN SET ENGINE 73Z
Configuracin: undefined
Pruebas y Ajustes
3500 Generator Set Engines
Nmero de medio -SENR2362-01
Fecha de publicacin -01/07/2002
Fecha de actualizacin -15/07/2002

i01659906
Troubleshooting
SMCS - 1000
Introduction
Troubleshooting can be difficult. The following pages contain a list of possible problems. In order to
make a repair to a problem, refer to the cause and the correction of the problem.
The list on the following pages will provide the following information:
z
Known problems
Probable causes of known problems
Repairs in order to correct known problems
Normally, additional repair work is needed beyond the recommendation in the list.
Remember that a problem is not normally caused by only one part. The problem's cause can be related to
problems with other parts. This list does not include all possible problems and corrections. The service
technician must find the problem and the problem's source. After the problem's source is determined, the
service technician can make the necessary repairs.
Note: A CD-ROM based system contains additional advanced diagnostics. Contact your local
Caterpillar dealer for a subscription.
Troubleshooting Problem List

1. The Engine Crankshaft Will Not Turn When The Start Switch Is On.
2. The Engine Will Not Start. The Governor Terminal Shaft Does Not Move.
3. The Engine Will Not Start. The Governor Terminal Shaft Moves.
https://sis.cat.com/sisweb/sisweb/techdoc/techdoc_print_page.jsp?returnurl=/sisweb/sisw... 23/06/2006
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4. The Engine Overspeeds On Start-Up.

5. The Engine Speed Does Not Have Stability.
6. The Engine High Idle Speed Is Too Low.
7. The Engine's High Idle Declines After Start-Up.
8. The Engine Cannot Be Shutdown Through The Governor.
9. The Engine Is Misfiring Or The Engine Is Running Rough.
10. The Engine Stalls At Low RPM.
11. The Engine Does Not Have Enough Power.
12. The Engine Has Too Much Vibration.
13. The Engine Has A Loud Combustion Noise (Knock).
14. The Engine Has A Valve Train Noise (Clicking).
15. The Engine Has A Loud Valve Train Noise.
16. Engine Oil Is In The Cooling System.
17. Fuel Is In The Coolant.
18. The Engine Has A Mechanical Noise (Knock).
19. Fuel Consumption Is Too High.
20. Little Valve Lash Or No Valve Lash Is Present.
21. Too Much Valve Lash Is Present.
22. The Valve Rotocoil Is Free Or Spring Lock Is Free.
23. Engine Oil Is At The Exhaust.
24. The Engine Has Early Wear.
25. Coolant Is In The Engine Oil.
26. Too Much Black Smoke Or Gray Smoke Is Present.
27. Too Much White Smoke Or Blue Smoke Is Present.
28. The Engine Oil Pressure Is Low.
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29. The Engine Oil Pressure Is High.

30. The Engine Uses Too Much Lubrication Oil.
31. The Engine Crankcase Pressure Is Too High.
32. The Engine Coolant Temperature Is Too High.
33. The Exhaust Temperature Is Too High.
34. The Engine Oil Temperature Is Too High.
35. The Air Inlet Temperature Is Too High.
36. The Air Starting Motor Does Not Turn.
37. The Air Starting Motor Turns Slowly Or The Air Starting Motor Has A Loss Of Power.
38. The Air Starting Motor Runs And The Pinion Engages. After The Pinion Engages, The Air
Starting Motor Does Not Turn The Flywheel.
39. The Air Starting Motor Pinion Does Not Engage Correctly With The Flywheel.
40. The Air Starting Motor Pinion Does Not Disengage Correctly From The Flywheel.
41. The Electric Starting Motor Does Not Turn.
42. The Alternator Provides No Charge.
43. The Alternator Charge Rate Is Low Or The Alternator Charge Rate Is Not Regular.
44. The Alternator Charge Rate Is Too High.
45. The Alternator Has Noise.
Troubleshooting Problems
Problem 1
The Engine Crankshaft Will Not Turn When The Start Switch Is On.
Probable Cause
1. Problem With The Air Starting Motor
Refer to "Problem 35" through "Problem 40".
2. Problem With The Electric Starting Motor
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Refer to "Problem 41".

3. Fluid in the Cylinders
Open the manual valves (Kiene valves) that measure cylinder pressure on each cylinder. If the
engine is not equipped with the manual valves, remove the cylinder pressure relief valve or the
plug. Inspect the cylinders for fluid while the crankshaft is being turned.
4. Problem With Accessory Equipment (Hydraulic Pumps, Air Compressor, etc)
Disconnect the driven equipment until the faulty accessory can be found. Make a repair or a
replacement of the faulty accessory.
5. An Internal Problem Prevents The Turning Of The Engine Crankshaft.
If the crankshaft remains unable to be turned, the engine must be disassembled. After
disassembling the engine, inspect the engine for other internal problems. Possible internal
problems include the following conditions:
{
Bearing seizure
Piston seizure
Valve and piston contact
Problem 2
The Engine Will Not Start. The Governor Terminal Shaft Does Not Move.
Probable Cause
1. Too Much Binding In Control Linkage
The engine can start when the engine is cold. When the oil is hot the governor does not develop
the oil pressure that is needed to move the linkage. Check the linkage effort and correct the
linkage effort.
2. Low Oil Pressure In The Governor
The governor oil pump relief valve may be stuck in the open position or the valve may be leaking.
This may be corrected by disassembly and cleaning of the governor. Refer to 3161 Governor
Service Manual, SENR3028. Check for plugged oil supply passages from the engine.
Problem 3
The Engine Will Not Start. The Governor Terminal Shaft Moves.
Probable Cause
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1. Slow Cranking Speed

2. Low Quality Fuel Or Water In Fuel
Remove the fuel from the fuel tank. Install new fuel filters. Put a good grade of clean fuel in the
fuel tank.
3. No Fuel To Fuel Injectors
Check the fuel level in the fuel tank and fill the fuel tank, if necessary. Use the priming pump in
order to remove any air from the fuel system.
Install new fuel filters, if necessary. Fuel lines that are blocked should be cleaned and fuel lines
that are broken should be replaced. Check the fuel transfer pump for damage and/or wear. Make
replacements, as needed.
The governor linkage is not connected to the internal rack linkage. This condition can exist after a
governor has been assembled incorrectly during an overhaul. Ensure that the governor linkage is
correctly engaged.
4. Low Fuel Pressure
At starting rpm, the minimum fuel pressure from the fuel transfer pump must be 415 kPa (60 psi).
If the fuel pressure is less than 415 kPa (60 psi), change the fuel filters. After changing the fuel
filters, inspect the fuel system for air in the fuel system. If the fuel pressure is still low, check the
fuel bypass valve and the fuel transfer pump for correct operation.
5. Wrong Fuel Injection Timing
Make adjustment to timing. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Fuel Injector Timing".
6. The Air Inlet Shutoff Valve Is Tripped.
Reset the air inlet shutoff valve.
Problem 4
The Engine Overspeeds On Start-Up.
Probable Cause
1. Fuel Control Linkage
Inspect the fuel control linkage for one or more of the following conditions:
{
Incorrect assembly after overhaul
Bound fuel control linkage
Bound fuel control linkage in FUEL-ON position
Governor output lever to control housing lever out of adjustment
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Make adjustment or repair.

2. Governor Problem
Refer to 3161 Governor Service Manual, SENR3028.
3. The Governor Actuator Is Not Engaged In The Drive Coupling.
Ensure that the governor is driven by the engine. If necessary, remove the governor and install the
governor again in order to ensure that the engine is engaged correctly with the governor drive.
Also, check for drive components in the governor and the engine that are worn or damaged.
Problem 5
The Engine Speed Does Not Have Stability.
Probable Cause
1. Engine Misfiring
2. Bound Linkage Or Worn Linkage With Flat Spots And High Clearances
Inspect the linkage. Repair the linkage or replace the linkage, as needed.
3. Rough Governor Drive
Worn splines and/or high gear clearances can cause rough governor drive. Inspect parts and
replace parts whenever this is necessary.
4. Governor Problem
5. Seized Injector
Replace the injector.
6. Seized Piston And/Or Stuck Piston Rings
Replace piston assembly and cylinder liner.
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Problem 6
The Engine High Idle Speed Is Too Low.
Probable Cause
1. The Speed Setting Control Shaft Is Not Against The High Idle Stop.
Check the speed control linkage and the pneumatic controls for restrictions. If necessary, carry out
repairs or replacement.
2. Incorrect High Idle Adjustment
The governor speed setting shaft is against the high idle stop and the high idle is too low. Make
adjustment to correct high idle. Also, check the engine fuel setting in order to ensure that the
engine fuel setting is correct.
3. Adjustable Speed Droop Is Incorrect.
The 3161 has an internal adjustable speed droop which is set at the factory. If adjustment is
necessary, refer to 3161 Governor Service Manual, SENR3028.
4. The Speed Setting Solenoid Adjustment of the Woodward PGEV Governor is not correct.
Problem 7
The Engine's High Idle Declines After Start-Up.
Probable Cause
1. Loss Of Normal RPM
The Loss of approximately 20 rpm can be expected as the engine warms to operating temperature.
2. Incorrect High Idle Adjustment
If necessary, make an adjustment in order to correct high idle. Also, check the engine fuel setting
in order to ensure that the engine fuel setting is correct.
Problem 8
The Engine Cannot Be Shutdown Through The Governor.
Probable Cause
1. Faulty Shut Down Solenoid
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The solenoid may have shorted wires or broken wires. The solenoid may be stuck in the open
position. Inspect the solenoid and replace the solenoid.
2. Incorrect Wiring
The Shutdown signal is not wired correctly to the 2-pin connector. In order to achieve the correct
polarity between the solenoid and the 2-pin connector, use the following method:
{
The "A" terminal is positive.
The "B" terminal is negative.
3. Incorrect Installation Of Governor Actuator

Ensure that the governor control lever or the actuator terminal shaft is engaged correctly with the
fuel control linkage stop lever.
4. Governor In Need Of Repair
Disassemble the governor and clean the governor components. Inspect the governor components
for wear and damage. Make a replacement of parts, as needed.
Problem 9
The Engine Is Misfiring Or The Engine Is Running Rough.
Probable Cause
The fuel pressure at the outlet of the fuel filter housing must be a minimum of 450 kPa (65 psi) at
900 rpm. If fuel pressure is lower than the above pressure, check the following items:
{
Plugged fuel filters
Fuel transfer pump
Make sure that there is fuel in the fuel tank. Look for leaks or bends in the fuel line between the
fuel tank and the fuel transfer pump. Look for air in the fuel system. Also look for a faulty return
fuel pressure regulating valve.
2. Air In Fuel System
Find the air leak in the fuel system and correct the air leak. If there is air in the fuel system, the air
generally enters the fuel system on the suction side of the fuel transfer pump.
3. Leakage Or Breakage In Fuel Line Between Fuel Manifold And Cylinder Head
Install a new fuel line.
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4. Defect In Fuel Injector

When the engine runs at rated load, the exhaust manifold port temperature can be an indication of
the condition of a fuel injector. Low temperature at an exhaust manifold port is an indication of no
fuel to the cylinder. This may be an indication of a fuel injector with a defect. Extra high
temperature at an exhaust manifold port can be an indication of too much fuel to the cylinder. This
may also be caused by a fuel injector with a defect. If any one cylinder varies by more than 50 C
(90 F), a faulty fuel injector should be suspected.
Note: The variance in temperature can be an increase or a decrease.
5. Faulty Inlet Or Exhaust Valve
When the engine runs at rated load, the temperature of an exhaust manifold port can be an
indication of the condition of the inlet and exhaust valves. Extra high temperature at an exhaust
manifold port can be an indication of a valve with a defect. If any one cylinder has an exhaust port
temperature that is 50 C (90 F) higher than the average of the exhaust port temperatures on the
bank, a faulty valve should be suspected.
6. Wrong Valve Lash
Make adjustment to valve lash. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge
Adjustment".
8. Bent Pushrod Or Broken Pushrod
Make a replacement of pushrod, if necessary.
9. Fuel Has Cloud Point Higher Than Atmospheric Temperature. Cloud Point Is The Temperature
When Wax Is Formed In The Fuel.
Drain the fuel tank, fuel lines and fuel manifolds. Change the fuel filter. Fill the tank with fuel that
has the correct cloud point. Remove the air from the system with the priming pump. Some
installations require the use of fuel heaters in order to ensure fuel flow. Also, the use of fuel
heaters prevents filter blockage from fuel wax.
10. Excessive Engine Load
Lighten the load in order to observe any change in the engine operation.
Problem 10
The Engine Stalls At Low RPM.
Probable Cause
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900 rpm. If fuel pressure is lower than the above pressure, check the following items:
{
Plugged fuel filters
Fuel transfer pump
2. Low Engine Idle RPM
Make adjustment to the governor. Ensure that the idle rpm setting matches the rpm that is listed in
Technical Marketing Information (TMI).
4. Engine Accessories
Check engine accessories for damage and make repair or replacement. If necessary, disconnect the
accessories and test the engine.
Problem 11
The Engine Does Not Have Enough Power.
Probable Cause
1. Dirty Fuel Filters
If the pressure differential between the inlet port of the fuel filter housing and the outlet port of the
fuel filter housing is 70 kPa (10 psi), a replacement of the filter is recommended.
2. High Fuel Temperature
If the fuel supply temperature is 38 C (100 F) or more, a fuel cooler may be necessary.
Return fuel serves to remove heat from the fuel injectors. A fuel cooler is recommended in order
to prevent excessive power loss and a fuel cooler is recommended in order to maintain an
acceptable injector life.
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full load speed. If fuel pressure is lower than the above pressure, install new fuel filter elements. If
the fuel pressure is still low, check the fuel transfer pump.
5. Leaks In Air Inlet System
Check the pressure in the air inlet manifold (Plenum). Look for leak paths in the air cleaner pipe
assemblies and the clamped joints.
6. Governor And Fuel Control Linkage
Ensure that the governor is moving the fuel control linkage against the fuel setting stop. Make
adjustment in order to get the full travel of the linkage. Install new parts for those parts that have
damage or defects. If the control linkage is not against the stop and the engine runs below rated
speed under load, perform the following inspections:
a. Check high idle and adjust, if necessary.
b. The Fuel ratio control may be restricting the travel of the control linkage. Adjust, If
necessary.
7. Wrong Valve Lash
Adjustment".
9. Incorrect Fuel Setting
Make adjustment to timing. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Fuel Setting".
10. Ineffective Aftercooler
Check temperature of inlet and outlet coolant supply. Remove any external restrictions or internal
restrictions.
11. Carbon Deposits On Turbocharger Or Other Causes Of Friction
Inspect the turbocharger. Repair the turbocharger, if necessary. Check for low boost pressure.
Low boost pressure is 10 percent below initial boost pressure.
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12. Not Enough Air For Combustion

Check the air cleaner for restrictions and check the aftercooler for restrictions.
Problem 12
The Engine Has Too Much Vibration.
Probable Cause
1. Loose Vibration Damper
Inspect the vibration damper for damage. Tighten the bolts, if necessary. If the vibration damper
bolt holes have damage or wear, replace the vibration damper bolt holes with new parts.
2. Faulty Vibration Damper
Inspect the vibration damper for leakage and inspect the vibration damper for a damaged case
assembly. Either of the above conditions can cause the weight to come into contact with the
housing. If the weight contacts the housing, the operation of the vibration damper is affected.
Your Caterpillar dealer can perform a torsional vibration measurement.
3. Engine Supports Are Loose Or Faulty.
Tighten all mounting bolts. Install new components, if necessary.
4. Driven Equipment Is Not In Alignment Or Driven Equipment Is Not In Balance.
Check alignment and balance. Correct alignment and balance, if necessary.
6. External Causes of Vibration
Check the equipment in the engine and around the engine for the source of the vibration.
Problem 13
The Engine Has A Loud Combustion Noise (Knock).
Probable Cause
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Problem 14
The Engine Has A Valve Train Noise (Clicking).
Probable Cause
1. Damage To Valve Train Components
Inspect all of the following valve train components:
{
Valves
Springs
Camshafts
Lifters
Rocker arms
Pushrods
Check for worn parts or damaged parts. Replace worn parts or damaged parts, as required.
2. Not Enough Lubrication
Check the lubrication in the valve compartment. There must be a strong flow of engine oil at high
rpm. There must be a small flow of engine oil at low rpm. Oil passages must be clean. The oil
passages that send the engine oil to the cylinder head are particularly important.
3. Too Much Valve Lash
Adjustment".
4. Valve Recess
On engines that use distillate fuel, adjust the valve recess.
Problem 15
The Engine Has A Loud Valve Train Noise.
Probable Cause
1. Damage To Valve Springs
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Replace the damaged components.

2. Damage To Camshaft
Replace the damaged components. Clean the engine thoroughly. If the camshaft is replaced, new
valve lifters are necessary.
3. Damage To Valve Lifter
Clean the engine thoroughly. Replace the damaged valve lifters. Inspect the lobes of the camshaft
for damage. Look for valves that do not move freely. Make adjustments to the valve lash. Refer to
Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge Adjustment".
Problem 16
Engine Oil Is In The Cooling System.
Probable Cause
1. Defect In Core Of Engine Oil Cooler
Inspect each engine oil cooler. Repair any faulty engine oil cooler or replace any faulty engine oil
cooler, as required.
2. Failure Of Cylinder Head Water Seals
Install new cylinder head water seals in the seal plates.
3. Faulty Water Pump Seal
Check the water pump. If necessary, repair the water pump.
Problem 17
Fuel Is In The Coolant.
Probable Cause
1. Defect In Fuel Injector Sleeve
Remove the fuel injectors. Inspect the fuel injector sleeve in the injector sleeve bore in the
cylinder head. Look for signs of cavitation erosion or signs of cracks. Cavitation on the inside
may be due to air bubbles in the fuel. Air bubbles may be due to a leak on the suction side of the
fuel transfer pump. Air bubbles may also be caused by combustion gas leakage. Check for cracks
at the fuel injector sleeve near the fuel injector nozzle. Remove the fuel injector sleeve from the
cylinder head. Cavitation erosion on the outside of the fuel injector sleeve could indicate an
incorrect coolant conditioner concentration. If any problems are seen, replace the fuel injector
sleeve with a new fuel injector sleeve. For the proper procedure for the removal and for the
installation of fuel injectors, refer to Disassembly And Assembly.
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Problem 18
The Engine Has A Mechanical Noise (Knock).
Probable Cause
1. Failure Of Bearing For Connecting Rod
Inspect the bearings for the connecting rods and the bearing surfaces (journals) on the crankshaft.
Install new parts, as required.
2. Damaged Gears
Install new parts, as required.
3. Damaged Crankshaft
Make replacement of the crankshaft.
4. Defect In Accessory Equipment
Repair the faulty components or install new components.
5. Wrong Adjustment Of Fuel Injector
Adjust the fuel injector.
6. Wrong Adjustment Of Valve Bridge
Adjust valves and valve bridges. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge
Adjustment".
Problem 19
Fuel Consumption Is Too High.
Probable Cause
1. Fuel System Leaks
Tighten or make replacement of parts at points of leakage.
2. Fuel And Combustion Noise (Knock)
Refer to "Problem 9" and "Problem 13".
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5. Incorrect High Idle
Adjust high idle setting.
6. Overloaded Engine
Do not exceed recommended capacities.
7. Excessive Exhaust Back Pressure
Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Restriction of Air Inlet and Exhaust".
Problem 20
Little Valve Lash Or No Valve Lash Is Present.
Probable Cause
1. Worn Valve Seat Or Worn Valve Face
Reconditioning of the cylinder head is required. Make adjustment to valve lash. Refer to Testing
And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge Adjustment".
2. Wrong Crankshaft/Camshaft Timing
Make adjustment to camshaft timing. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Camshaft Timing".
3. Open Mister For Oil
On engines that use distillate fuel, check the delivery of oil from the mister.
4. Valve Bridge Out Of Adjustment
Make adjustment to the valve bridge. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve
Bridge Adjustment".
Problem 21
Too Much Valve Lash Is Present.
Probable Cause
1. Not Enough Lubrication
Check the lubrication in the valve compartment. There must be a strong flow of engine oil at
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engine high rpm. There must be a small flow of engine oil at low rpm. Oil passages must be clean.
The oil passages that send the engine oil to the cylinder head are particularly important.
2. Worn Rocker Arm
If the face of the rocker arm that makes contact with the valve bridge has too much wear, install
new parts or rocker arms. Make adjustment to valve lash. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve
Lash and Valve Bridge Adjustment".
3. Worn Valve Bridges
Make an adjustment or replacement, as required.
4. Worn Valve Stem
If the end of the valve stem has too much wear, install new valves. Make adjustment to valve lash.
Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge Adjustment".
5. Worn Pushrods
If the pushrods have too much wear, install new pushrods. Make adjustment to valve lash. Refer
to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge Adjustment".
6. Broken Valve Lifters Or Worn Valve Lifters
Install new valve lifters. Check the camshaft for wear. Check for free movement of valves or bent
valve stem. Clean the engine thoroughly. Make adjustment to valve lash. Refer to Testing And
Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge Adjusment".
7. Worn Camshaft
Check valve lash. Check for wear on camshaft lobes. Check for free movement of valves or bent
valve stems. Install a new camshaft. Install new valve lifters. Make adjustment to valve lash.
Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Valve Lash and Valve Bridge Adjusment".
Problem 22
The Valve Rotocoil Is Free Or Spring Lock Is Free.
Probable Cause
1. Broken Locks
Broken locks can cause the valve to slide into the cylinder. This will cause much damage.
2. Broken Valve Spring
Install a new valve spring.
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3. Broken Valve
Replace the valve and the other damaged parts.
Problem 23
Engine Oil Is At The Exhaust.
Probable Cause
1. Too Much Engine Oil In The Valve Compartment
Be sure that the plugs are installed in the ends of the rocker arm shaft.
2. Worn Valve Guides
Reconditioning of the cylinder head is required.
3. Worn Piston Rings
Inspect piston rings and install new parts, as required.
4. Excessive Idle Time
Do not idle the engine for long time periods.
Problem 24
The Engine Has Early Wear.
Probable Cause
Note: Internal engine components wear due to abrasion. Each of the following systems must be
inspected in order to determine the source of abrasion within that system: air, oil, fuel and water. The
cause must be corrected. Check the components and replace the components, as required.
1. Dirt In Engine Oil
Remove dirty engine oil. Clean the centrifugal oil filters. Install new filter elements. Check engine
oil filter bypass valves for wear or broken springs. Put clean oil in the engine.
2. Lack Of Lubrication
Ensure that the engine oil is the proper viscosity. Ensure that the engine oil level is at the
recommended capacity.
3. Air Inlet Leaks
Inspect all gaskets and connections. Make repairs if leaks are found.
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4. Fuel Leakage Into Lubrication Oil

This will cause high fuel consumption and low engine oil pressure. This condition may also
increase the engine oil level in the crankcase. Make repairs if leaks are found. Install new parts, as
required.
Problem 25
Coolant Is In The Engine Oil.
Probable Cause
1. Failure Of Any Of The Engine Oil Cooler Cores
Install a new core for the faulty engine oil cooler. Drain the crankcase and refill the crankcase
with clean lubricant. Install new engine oil filters.
2. Crack Or Defect In Cylinder Head
Pressurize the cooling system in order to determine whether the cylinder head needs repair. While
the cylinder head is removed from the engine, inspect the cylinder head in order to determine the
extent of the damage. Repair the cylinder head or replace the cylinder head, as required.
3. Crack Or Defect In Cylinder Block
Pressurize the cooling system in order to locate the damage. Inspect the cylinder block. Repair the
cylinder block or replace the cylinder block, as required.
4. Failure Of Cylinder Liner Seals
Replace cylinder liner seals.
5. Faulty Water Pump
Check the water pump for leakage.
6. Faulty Water Cooled Valve Seat Insert
Replace the cylinder head.
Problem 26
Too Much Black Smoke Or Gray Smoke Is Present.
Probable Cause
1. Not Enough Air For Combustion
Check the air cleaner and the aftercooler for restrictions.
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2. Faulty Fuel Injectors

Install new fuel injectors.
4. Broken Exhaust Valve
Replace the broken components and the damaged components, as required.
5. Overloaded Engine
Do not exceed recommended capacities.
6. Fuel Consumption Is Too High.
Problem 27
Too Much White Smoke Or Blue Smoke Is Present.
Probable Cause
1. Too Much Lubrication Oil In Engine
Remove extra engine oil. Find the source of the extra engine oil. Put the correct amount of oil in
engine.
Reconditioning of cylinder head is required.
5. Worn Piston Rings Or Improperly Installed Piston Rings
6. Failure Of Turbocharger Oil Seal
Page 21 of 33
Check the air inlet manifold (Plenum) for oil and repair the turbocharger, as required.
7. Faulty Aftercooler Core
Check aftercooler core for leaks.
8. Faulty Valve Lubricator Pumps
Check the setting and the delivery of the valve lubricator pumps.
9. Worn Cylinder Liner
Check cylinder liners.
Problem 28
The Engine Oil Pressure Is Low.
Probable Cause
1. Dirty Engine Oil Filters Or Engine Oil Cooler
Check the operation of bypass valve for the oil filters. Install new engine oil filter elements. Clean
engine oil cooler cores or install new engine oil cooler cores. Remove dirty engine oil from the
engine. Clean centrifugal oil filters. Change engine oil.
2. Faulty Oil Pressure Gauge
Install new gauge.
3. Diesel Fuel In Engine Oil
Find the source of the leakage of the diesel fuel into the engine oil. Make repairs, as required.
Remove the engine oil that has been contaminated with diesel fuel. Install new engine oil filters.
Put clean oil in the engine.
4. Too Much Clearance Between Rocker Arm Shaft And Rocker Arms
Check lubrication in valve compartments. Install new parts, as required.
5. Faulty Oil Pump Suction Pipe
Replacement of oil pump suction pipe is required.
6. Oil Pump's Suction Strainer Is Fouled.
Clean the strainer.
7. Faulty Priority Valve
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Inspect the priority valve and replace damaged parts or worn parts.
8. Stuck Open Oil Pressure Relief Valve
Clean the valve and the housing. Install new parts, as required.
9. Faulty Engine Oil Pump
Repair the engine oil pump or replace the engine oil pump.
10. Too Much Clearance Between Crankshaft And Crankshaft Bearings
Inspect the crankshaft bearings and make replacement, as required.
11. Too Much Clearance Between Camshaft And Camshaft Bearings
Inspect the camshaft and the camshaft bearings. Replace the camshaft and the camshaft bearings,
as required.
12. Loose Oil Plugs For Crankshaft or Missing Oil Plugs For Crankshaft
Check the torque of the oil plugs for the crankshaft.
13. Loose Plugs In Rocker Arm Shaft Or Missing Plugs In Rocker Arm Shaft
Check plugs in the ends of the rocker arm shafts.
14. Loose Engine Oil Supply Line In Box For Lifter
Check the engine oil supply line from the cylinder block to the cylinder head behind the lifter
assemblies.
15. Loose Retainer On The Idler Gear For The Rear Gear Train Or Missing Retainer On The Idler
Gear For The Rear Gear Train
Check the retainer on the idler shafts of the rear gear train.
Problem 29
The Engine Oil Pressure Is High.
Probable Cause
1. There is a restriction in the engine lubrication system.
Use various pressure taps in order to determine the problem area and repair the problem area.
2. The priority valve is faulty.
Page 23 of 33
Inspect the priority valve. Replace damaged parts or worn parts.

3. The output of the engine oil pump is too high.
The wrong engine oil pump is installed. Repair the engine oil pump or replace the engine oil
pump.
4. The incorrect viscosity of the engine oil is used.
Drain the engine oil and refill with engine oil of the correct viscosity. Install new engine oil filters.
Problem 30
The Engine Uses Too Much Lubrication Oil.
Probable Cause
1. Too Much Lubrication Oil In Engine
Remove the extra engine oil. Find the source of the extra engine oil. Put the correct amount of
engine oil in the engine.
2. Engine Oil Leaks
Find all engine oil leaks. Make repairs, as required. Check for dirty crankcase breathers.
3. High Engine Oil Temperature
Check operation of engine oil cooler and oil temperature regulator. Install new parts, as required.
Clean the engine oil cooler cores.
4. Too Much Engine Oil In The Valve Compartment
Be sure that the plugs are installed in the rocker shafts.
Reconditioning of the cylinder head is required.
6. Failure Of Turbocharger Oil Seal
Check the air inlet manifold (Plenum) for engine oil and repair the turbocharger, as required.
7. Failure Of Crankshaft Seal
Replace crankshaft seals.
8. Worn Piston Rings Or Improperly Installed Piston Rings
Page 24 of 33

9. Faulty Valve For Continuous Prelube
Check operation of continuous prelube system.
Problem 31
The Engine Crankcase Pressure Is Too High.
Probable Cause
1. Engine Oil Level Is Too High.
Remove extra engine oil. Find the source of the extra engine oil. Put the correct amount of oil in
the engine.
2. Restricted Crankcase Breathers
Check and clean crankcase breather elements and tubes.
3. Seized Piston And/Or Stuck Piston Rings
Replace piston assembly and cylinder liner.
4. Loose Fuel Injector
Ensure that all fuel injectors are tight.
5. Faulty Turbocharger Seal
Replace the turbocharger seal.
Problem 32
The Engine Coolant Temperature Is Too High.
Probable Cause
1. Restriction Of Coolant Flow Through Radiator Core Tubes
Clean the radiator or the heat exchanger and flush the radiator or the heat exchanger.
2. Low Coolant Level
Add coolant to the cooling system. Check for leaks.
3. Faulty Pressure Cap
Page 25 of 33
Check operation of the pressure cap. Install a new pressure cap, as required.
4. Combustion Gases In Coolant
Find the source of the leakage of combustion gases into the cooling system. Make repairs, as
required:
{
Cylinder liner
Water cooled valve seat insert
5. Faulty Water Temperature Regulators

Check water temperature regulators for correct operation. Check the water temperature gauge for
correct operation. Install new parts, as required.
6. Faulty Jacket Water Pump
Make repairs to the jacket water pump, as required.
7. Faulty Aftercooler Pump
Make repairs to the aftercooler pump, as required.
8. Too Much Load On The System
Reduce the load on the system.
10. Incorrect Coolant And/Or Flow
The system is not balanced correctly. Repair the system, as required.
11. Scale Buildup
Clean the cooling system.
Problem 33
The Exhaust Temperature Is Too High.
Probable Cause
1. Inlet Air Leakage
Check the following locations and the associated piping for air leakage. If necessary, make the
Page 26 of 33
corrections.
{
O-ring seals between the compressor and the aftercooler
Air inlet shutoff
Plugged sections
Gaskets within aftercooler
Plenum
2. Leakage At Exhaust System

Find the cause of the exhaust leak. Make repairs, as required.
3. Excessive Exhaust Restriction
Ensure that the air pressure drop between the outlet of the turbocharger and the atmosphere is less
than 2.5 kPa (10 inches of H2O).
4. Insufficient Air Passage Through Filters Or Inlet Air Piping
Ensure that the pressure drop between the inlet of the filters to the inlet of the turbocharger is less
than 1.5 kPa (5.00 inches of H2O) when the filters and the piping are clean.
Ensure that the pressure drop between the inlet of the filters to the turbocharger inlet is less than
3.75 kPa (15 inches of H2O) when the filters and the piping are dirty.
If necessary, make adjustments to timing. Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Fuel Injector Timing".
6. Faulty Exhaust Valve
Check exhaust valves for damage and replace exhaust valves, as required.
7. Faulty Turbocharger
Inspect the turbocharger. Repair the turbocharger, if necessary. Check for low boost pressure.
Low boost pressure is 10 percent below initial boost pressure.
8. Fouled Turbocharger
Ensure that both the compressor side and the turbine side of the turbocharger are not fouled.
9. The Air Inlet Temperature Is Too High.
Page 27 of 33

10. Excessive Pressure Drop Through The Aftercooler (Air Side)
Ensure that the air side of the aftercooler is not restricted or too contaminated with soot and
debris.
Use the following guidelines in order to determine if a rise in exhaust temperatures is the result of a
change in ambient conditions.
1. The exhaust manifold temperature will increase approximately 1.6 C (2.90 F) for every 1.0 C
(1.80 F) increase in the inlet air temperature.
2. The exhaust manifold temperature will increase approximately 0.2 C (0.36 F) for every 1.0 C
(1.80 F) increase in the aftercooler inlet water temperature.
Problem 34
The Engine Oil Temperature Is Too High.
Probable Cause
1. Faulty Oil Temperature Regulators
Check the oil temperature regulators for correct operation. Check the oil temperature gauge for
correct operation. Install new parts, as required.
2. Restriction Of Oil Flow Through The Engine Oil Cooler
Clean the engine oil cooler and flush the engine oil cooler.
3. Engine Coolant Temperature Is Too High.
4. Low Coolant Level
5. Crankcase Pressure Is Too High.
Check for faulty main bearings and connecting rod bearings.
Problem 35
The Air Inlet Temperature Is Too High.
Probable Cause
Page 28 of 33
Note: Inlet air temperatures should be compared to trends in the performance data in addition to data
that is supplied by the factory. Do not rely on the setpoint of the alarm only. High inlet manifold
temperature may occur on only the front half or the back half of the engine. This is due to a blockage
that is only in one part of the water side of the aftercooler. When the inlet manifold temperature is being
measured at the middle of the aftercooler, a hot front section or a hot back section can be undetected.
This occurs because the temperature is taken at a point that yields an average temperature. Additional
temperature measurements must be made at the ends of the inlet manifold. Drilling of the covers will be
required.
1. Restriction Of Coolant Flow Through Aftercooler Cores
Clean the aftercooler cores and flush the aftercooler cores.
2. Engine Coolant Temperature Is Too High.
Problem 36
The Air Starting Motor Does Not Turn.
Probable Cause
1. Low Air Pressure
Check the system for leaks. Check the operation of the air compressor.
2. Faulty Oil Pressure Valve (Intermittent Operation)
Check the operation of the oil pressure valve. Set the oil pressure valve to open at 7 kPa (1 psi).
Replace the oil pressure valve, as required.
3. Inoperative Relay Valve
Check the operation of the relay valve. Repair the relay valve or replace the relay valve, as
required.
4. Faulty Air Start Control Valve
Repair the air start control valve or replace the air start control valve, as required.
5. Faulty Air Starting Motor
Repair the air starting motor or replace the air starting motor, as required.
6. The Pinion Is Not Engaged.
Ensure that the pinion is engaged with the flywheel ring gear.
Page 29 of 33
7. The Manual Barring Group Is Engaged.

Check the manual barring group and the switches.
8. Fluid In the Cylinders
Open the manual valves (Kiene valves) that measure cylinder pressure on each cylinder. If the
engine is not equipped with the manual valves, remove the cylinder pressure relief valve or plug.
Inspect the cylinders for fluid while the crankshaft is being turned.
Problem 37
The Air Starting Motor Turns Slowly Or The Air Starting Motor Has A Loss Of Power.
Probable Cause
1. Low Air Pressure
Check the system for leaks. Check the operation of the air compressor.
2. Malfunctioning Lubricator
Check the lubricator for correct operation. Fill the lubricator and adjust the drip rate.
3. Worn Motor Parts
Disassemble the air starting motor and inspect the parts. The following guideline should be used
for determining the reusability of the motor parts:
a. Install a set of new vanes if any vane is cracked or damaged. Also, install a set of new vanes
if any vane's width is 32 mm (1.25 inch) at either end.
b. Replace rotor bearings if any roughness or looseness is apparent in the bearings.
c. Replace the rotor if the body has deep scoring that cannot be removed with the use of emery
cloth.
d. Replace the air cylinder if there are any cracks or deep scoring.
e. Clean up end plate scoring with emery cloth that is placed on a flat surface.
4. Air Leakage
Check the air starting motor for worn seals. Plug the exhaust. Apply 205 kPa (30 psi) air to the
inlet and put the unit in nonflammable fluid for 30 seconds. If bubbles appear, replace the motor
seals.
5. External Resistance
Page 30 of 33
Disconnect driven equipment.
Problem 38
The Air Starting Motor Runs And The Pinion Engages. After The Pinion Engages, The Air
Starting Motor Does Not Turn The Flywheel.
Probable Cause
1. Broken Shafts, Gears Or Clutch Jaws
Replace the parts, as required.
Problem 39
The Air Starting Motor Pinion Does Not Engage Correctly With The Flywheel.
Probable Cause
1. Broken Clutch Jaws Or Other Broken Parts
Replace the parts, as required.
2. Worn Pinion Engagement Piston
Replace the pinion engagement piston and the seal.
Problem 40
The Air Starting Motor Pinion Does Not Disengage From The Flywheel.
Probable Cause
1. High Air Pressure
Check air supply pressure and the air pressure regulator.
2. Incorrect Timing Of Crank Termination
Check the controls of the air starting motor for the correct setting for crank termination.
3. Faulty Bearing In Air Starting Motor
Check the condition of the bearings in the air starting motor. Replace the bearings, as required.
Problem 41
The Electric Starting Motor Does Not Turn.
Page 31 of 33
Probable Cause
1. Low Voltage To Starting Motor
Check power supply to the starting motor. If necessary, make repairs.
2. The Wiring Is Faulty Or The Switch Is Faulty.
If necessary, make repairs or replacement.
3. Starting Motor's Solenoid Is Faulty.
Install a new solenoid.
4. The Starting Motor Is Faulty.
If necessary, repair the starting motor or replace the starting motor.
Problem 42
The Alternator Provides No Charge.
Probable Cause
1. Loose Drive Belt
Adjust the drive belt to the correct tension.
2. Faulty Charging Circuit, Faulty Ground Return Circuit Or Faulty Battery Connections
Inspect all cables and inspect all connections. Clean connections. Tighten connections. Replace
parts, as needed.
3. Faulty Rotor (Field Coil)
Install a new rotor.
Note: Install a new rotor for brush type alternators only.
4. Faulty Brushes (If Equipped)
Install new brushes.
Problem 43
The Alternator Charge Rate is Low Or The Alternator Charge Rate Is Not Regular.
Probable Cause
Page 32 of 33
1. Loose Drive Belt

Adjust the drive belt to the correct tension.
2. Faulty Charging Circuit, Faulty Ground Return Circuit Or Faulty Battery Connections
Inspect all cables and inspect all connections. Clean connections. Tighten connections. Replace
parts, as needed.
3. Faulty Alternator Regulator
Install a new alternator regulator.
4. Incorrect Alternator Regulator Adjustment
Some alternator regulators can be adjusted and some alternator regulators can not be adjusted.
Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Alternator Regulator".
5. Faulty Rectifier Diodes
Replace the faulty rectifier diode.
6. Faulty Rotor (Field Coil)
Install a new rotor.
Note: Install a new rotor for brush type alternators only.
Problem 44
The Alternator Charge Rate Is Too High.
Probable Cause
1. Loose Connections On The Alternator Or Loose Connections On The Alternator Regulator
Tighten all connections.
2. Faulty Alternator Regulator
Install a new alternator regulator.
3. Incorrect Alternator Regulator Adjustment
Some alternator regulators can be adjusted and some alternator regulators can not be adjusted.
Refer to Testing And Adjusting, "Alternator Regulator".
Problem 45
Page 33 of 33
The Alternator Has Noise.

Probable Cause
1. Faulty Drive Belt
Install a new drive belt for the alternator.
2. Loose Alternator Drive Pulley
Check the groove in the pulley that holds the pulley in place. If the groove is worn, install a new
pulley. Tighten the pulley nut. Refer to Specifications for the correct torque value.
3. The Alternator Drive Belt Is Not In Alignment With The Drive Pulley.
Align the drive belt with the drive pulley.
4. Worn Alternator Bearings
Install new bearings in the alternator.
5. Bent Rotor Shaft
Install a new rotor shaft.
6. Shorted Out Rectifiers
Install a new diode assembly.
Copyright 1993 - 2006 Caterpillar Inc.

Todos los derechos reservados.
Red privada para licenciados del SIS.
Fri Jun 23 11:47:31 EST 2006

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undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Fecha de publicacin -01/07/2002

Fecha de actualizacin -15/07/2002

Probable causes of known problems

Repairs in order to correct known problems

Troubleshooting Problem List

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

4. The Engine Overspeeds On Start-Up.

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

29. The Engine Oil Pressure Is High.

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Refer to "Problem 41".

Valve and piston contact

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

1. Slow Cranking Speed

Incorrect assembly after overhaul

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Bound fuel control linkage

Bound fuel control linkage in FUEL-ON position

Governor output lever to control housing lever out of adjustment

Make adjustment or repair.

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

The "A" terminal is positive.

The "B" terminal is negative.

3. Incorrect Installation Of Governor Actuator

Plugged fuel filters

Fuel transfer pump

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

4. Defect In Fuel Injector

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

1. Low Fuel Pressure

Plugged fuel filters

Fuel transfer pump

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

12. Not Enough Air For Combustion

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Refer to "Problem 9".

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Replace the damaged components.

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

4. Defect In Fuel Injector

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

4. Fuel Leakage Into Lubrication Oil

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

2. Faulty Fuel Injectors

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Inspect the priority valve. Replace damaged parts or worn parts.

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Inspect piston rings and install new parts, as required.

undefined(SEBP1573 - 08) - Cdigo SMCS

Water cooled valve seat insert

5. Faulty Water Temperature Regulators