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    IJMCTR021420

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    The document describes the design and simulation of a compact hairpin bandpass filter. A hairpin bandpass filter was designed to operate at a center frequency of 2.7 GHz with a bandwidth of 506 MHz and a return loss of -25dB. The filter design process involved determining the filter order, developing a lowpass prototype, transforming to a bandpass design, and laying out the filter dimensions. Simulation results showed the designed filter achieved the target specifications with a compact size of 12x20mm. The hairpin filter design approach can provide a smaller solution compared to other microwave filter designs.

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    IJMCTR021420

    Uploaded by

    rtaneja008
    48 views3 pages
    The document describes the design and simulation of a compact hairpin bandpass filter. A hairpin bandpass filter was designed to operate at a center frequency of 2.7 GHz with a bandwidth of 506 MHz and a return loss of -25dB. The filter design process involved determining the filter order, developing a lowpass prototype, transforming to a bandpass design, and laying out the filter dimensions. Simulation results showed the designed filter achieved the target specifications with a compact size of 12x20mm. The hairpin filter design approach can provide a smaller solution compared to other microwave filter designs.

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    The document describes the design and simulation of a compact hairpin bandpass filter. A hairpin bandpass filter was designed to operate at a center frequency of 2.7 GHz with a bandwidth of 506 MHz and a return loss of -25dB. The filter design process involved determining the filter order, developing a lowpass prototype, transforming to a bandpass design, and laying out the filter dimensions. Simulation results showed the designed filter achieved the target specifications with a compact size of 12x20mm. The hairpin filter design approach can provide a smaller solution compared to other microwave filter designs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views3 pages

    IJMCTR021420

    Uploaded by

    rtaneja008
    The document describes the design and simulation of a compact hairpin bandpass filter. A hairpin bandpass filter was designed to operate at a center frequency of 2.7 GHz with a bandwidth of 506 MHz and a return loss of -25dB. The filter design process involved determining the filter order, developing a lowpass prototype, transforming to a bandpass design, and laying out the filter dimensions. Simulation results showed the designed filter achieved the target specifications with a compact size of 12x20mm. The hairpin filter design approach can provide a smaller solution compared to other microwave filter designs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR)

    ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-2, Issue-4, April 2014

    Design and simulation of compact hairpin band pass


    filter
    Girraj Sharma, Prof. (Dr.) Sudhir kumar Sharma, Sandeep Bhullar, Nilesh Kumar,
    Saurabh Chauhan

    The designing equations of hairpin filter are given by

    Abstract In this paper we presented analysis and simulation


    of microwave hairpin filters. A hairpin band pass filter is
    designed to operate at center frequency of 2.7 GHz with a
    bandwidth of 506 MHz and return loss of -25dB. This frequency
    is presenting for GSM, GPS wireless LAN application and
    operates in the ISM band. To design hairpin filter several steps
    are considered which includes filter order, low pass prototype,
    low pass to band pass transformation and finally layout of the
    filter.

    J 01
    FBW

    Y0
    2 g 0 g1

    J j , j 1
    Y0

    FBW

    Y0

    I. INTRODUCTION
    Band pass filters are essential part of any signal processing or
    communication systems, the integral part of superhetrodyne
    receivers which are currently employed in many
    RF/Microwave communication systems. At Microwave
    Frequencies the discrete components are replaced by
    transmission lines, for low power applications microstrip are
    used which provide cheaper and smaller solution of Band
    Pass Filter. This Paper describes about the design of the
    microwave Bandpass filter by using microstrip technology.
    There are many possible techniques used to create microstrip
    filters A fifth order chebyshev hairpin filter is designed.

    1
    For j=1 to n-1
    g j g j 1

    J n ,n 1

    Index TermsGSM, GPS, LAN

    (1a)

    FBW
    2 g n g n 1

    (1c)

    Where g0, g1 gn are the element of a ladder-type low-pass


    prototype with a Normalized cutoff c = 1, and FBW is the
    fractional bandwidth of band-pass filter. J j, j+1 are the
    characteristic admittances of J-inverters and Y0 is the
    characteristic admittance of the lines. The equation above will
    be use in end-coupled line filter because the both types of
    filter can have the same low-pass network representation.
    By using the J-inverters, even and odd-mode impedances of
    coupled line microstrip line is calculated by

    J
    J
    1
    [1 j , j 1 ( j , j 1 ) 2 ]
    Y0
    Y0
    Y0

    ( Z 0e ) j , j 1

    II. BASIC THEORY


    for j=0 to n
    Out of various bandpass microstrip filters, Hairpin filter is
    one of the most commonly used. The concept of hairpin filter
    is same as parallel coupled half wavelength resonator filters.
    The advantage of hairpin filter over end coupled and parallel
    coupled microstrip is its low space utilization. In hairpin filter
    space is saved by folding the resonator which is half
    wavelength long. Also the hairpin design is simple then the
    other microwave filters.

    (1b)

    (2a)

    ( Z 0o ) j , j 1

    J
    J
    1
    [1 j , j 1 ( j , j 1 ) 2 ]
    Y0
    Y0
    Y0

    for j=0 to n

    (2b)

    III. DESIGN METHODOLOGY


    A microstrip hairpin bandpass filter is designed to have a
    fractional bandwidth 20% or FBW = 0.2 at a midband
    frequency f0 = 2 GHz .A five pole (n=5) Chebyshev lowpass
    prototype with a passband ripple of 0.1 dB is chosen. The
    lowpass prototype parameters, given for a normalized
    lowpass cutoff frequency as in equation 2 are c = 1, are g0 =
    g6 = 1.0, g1 = g5 = 1.1468, g2 = g4 = 1.3712, and g3 = 1.9750.

    Figure 2.1: (a) tapped line input 5-pole Hairpin Filter


    (b) coupled line input Hairpin Filter

    Manuscript received April 18, 2014


    Mr. Girraj Sharma is M.Tech. Student at Jaipur National University,
    Jaipur
    Dr. Sudhir Kumar Sharma is Professor & Head at the Department of
    Electronics & Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and
    Technology, Jaipur

    The next step of the filter design is to find the dimensions of


    coupled microstrip lines that exhibit the desired even- and odd
    mode impedances. First of all, determine microstrip shape

    62

    www.erpublication.org

    Design and simulation of compact hairpin band pass filter


    ratios (w/d) s. Then it can relate coupled line ratios to single
    line ratios.
    For a single microstrip line,

    Z ose
    Z oso

    ( Z oe ) j , j 1
    2
    ( Z oo ) j , j 1

    The layout of the proposed filter design with all the


    determined dimensions is illustrated in Figure 3.1. The size of
    filter is 12 X 20 mm which is compact then the conventional
    fiter.

    (3.1)

    Use single line equations to find (w/h)se and (w/h)so from


    Zose and Zoso. With the given r =4.2, find that for Zo=50,

    w/h is approximately 1.95. Therefore, W/h 2 has been


    chosen for this case.
    For

    W
    2
    h

    W
    8 exp( A)

    h exp( 2 A) 2

    With Z c r 1
    A

    0.5

    60 2

    (3.2)
    Figure.3.1: Dimensions of proposed compact hairpin

    1
    0.11
    r
    0.23

    r 1
    r

    bandpass filter
    (3.4)

    At that point, its able to find (w/h)se and (w/h)so by applying


    Zose and Zoso (as Zc) to the single line microstrip equations.
    The point at which it reach w/h and s/h for the desired coupled
    microstrip line using a family of approximate equations as
    following

    IV. RESULTS AND ANALYSES


    The response of proposed filter is in figure 4.1 As shown in
    figure proposed filter gave a center frequency of 2.75 GHz.
    Spurious modes which do appear due to in-homogeneities of
    the microstrip [7, 8] are not shown here.

    (3.5a)

    (3.5b)
    The microstrip transmission line by an overall dielectric
    constant in order to assume TEM propagation. There are a
    number of formulas, listed for the calculation of eff . The
    most basic formula is given by Pozar as follows: [2]

    Figure.4.1: S11(blue line) and S12 (pink line) parameters of the proposed
    hairpin filter

    r 1 r 1

    1
    (3.6)
    re

    2
    2
    12h
    1
    W
    Once the effective dielectric constant of a microstrip is
    calculated, the wavelength of the quasi-TEM mode of
    microstrip is given by

    o
    300

    mm
    re
    f (GHz ) re

    Thus the required resonator,

    (3.7)

    g
    4

    c
    4 f re

    (3.8)

    Using the design equations for coupled microstrip lines given


    (3.5a) and (3.5b), the width and spacing for each sections are
    found.

    63

    Figure 4.4 Actual size of proposed filter

    www.erpublication.org

    International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR)


    ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-2, Issue-4, April 2014

    V. CONCLUSION
    The Hairpin filter is simulated. The layout of the final filter
    design with all the determined dimensions is illustrated. The
    filter is quite compact with a substrate size of 12 by 20 mm.
    The input and output resonators are slightly shortened to
    compensate for the effect of the tapping line and the adjacent
    coupled resonator. The EM simulated performance of the
    filter is shown in figure 4.1

    Mr. Girraj Sharma is M.Tech. Student at Jaipur


    National University, He has done B.E. from Rajasthan University in
    Electronics and Communication in 2009.He is student Member of
    IEEE-MTTS and ISTE. He is Presented/Published Papers in various
    National /International conferences and Journals. His area of interest is
    Microstrip filter design, Antenna design and microwave device design.

    VI. FUTURE WORK


    Physical development and measurement of RF filters
    design for more accurate design. Use additional software such
    as ADS simulations to compare the results with sonnet to
    accurately determine the final design.

    Dr. Sudhir Kumar Sharma is Professor & Head at the


    Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, School of
    Engineering and Technology, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan,
    India. Professor Sharma received his Ph.D. in Electronics from Delhi
    University in 2000. Professor Sharma has an extensive teaching experience
    REFERENCES
    of 17 years. He has been keenly carrying out research activities since last 19
    years prominently in the field of Optical Communication.
    [1] Matthaei, L. Young, and E. M. T. Jones, Microwave Filters,
    Impedance-Matching Networks, and Coupling Structures. Boston, MA:
    Artech House, 1980.
    [2]D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, Second Edition, Wiley and
    Sons, 1998.
    [3] R. Rhea, HF Filter Design and Computer Simulation. Atlanta, GA: Noble
    Publishing, 1994.
    [4] T. Edwards, Foundations for Microstrip Circuit Design, 2 nd edition, England:
    John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,1981.
    [5] N. Toledo, Practical Techniques for designing Microstrip tapped hairpin
    resonator filters on FR4 laminates 2nd National ECE Conference, Manila,
    Philippines, November 2001.
    [6] Eagleware Corporation, TLine Program, Genesys version 8.1,
    Norcross, GA, May 2002.
    [7] T. Yamaguchi, T. Fujii, T. Kawai, and I. Ohta, Parallel-coupled
    microstrip filters with periodic oating conductors on coupled-edges for
    spurious suppression," IEEE MTT-S International Microwave
    Symposium Digest, 2008.
    [8] K. Singh, Design and analysis of novel microstrip filter at l-band," in
    Agilent EESoF 2005 India User Group Meeting, 2005.

    64

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