PDVSA

ENGINEERING DESIGN MANUAL

VOLUME 18II
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA N

TITLE

AM211PRT

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

DEC.91

ADDED PDVSA JA221 (1.2) & A.1.2.

L.T.

D.G.

R.R.

JUL.87

FOR APPROVAL

J.S.

J.G.

A.O.

APPD.

APPD.

DATE

JUL.87

REV.

DATE

APPD.BY Jos Gilarranz

E PDVSA, 1983

DESCRIPTION
DATE

JUL.87

PAG. REV.
APPD.BY Antonio Ortiz

ESPECIALISTAS

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

Pgina 1
.Men Principal

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

Index
1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7

Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Related Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Regulatory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Testing Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information Supplied by Contractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Site Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
2
2
2
2
3
3

2 PRODUCTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4

Backfill and Fill Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Asphalt Paving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asphalt Coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Concrete and Reinforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3
4
4
4

3 EXECUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Concrete Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slopes and Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asphalt Paving and Coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field Inspection and Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment and Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

1. APPENDIX 1 DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

Pgina 2
.Men Principal

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

GENERAL
1.1

Scope
This specification defines the minimum requeriments to be meet by designers,
suppliers and civil contractors of storage tank foundations.
The work comprises:
Materials for storage tank foundations.
Construction requirements.
Design criteria and details (Appendix 1).

1.2

Related Specifications
PDVSA A211
PDVSA A213
PDVSA AG211PRT
PDVSA AI211
PDVSA AK211
PDVSA JA221
PDVSA SD251

1.3
1.3.1

1.4

Concrete Materials and Construction

Bonding and Grouting
Earth Dikes for Storage Tanks
Site Clearence and General Earthwork
EarthworkExcavation and Backfill
Industrial Installation Antiseismic Design
Site Data

Regulatory Requirements
Comply with all applicable Venezuelan laws, standards, and regulations
COVENIN 1753
y Diseo.

Estructuras de Concreto Armado para Edificios. Anlisis

COVENIN 1756

Edificaciones Antissmicas.

Testing Laboratory
Contractor shall employ and pay for the services of an independent testing
laboratory approved by the Owners representative for all in place compaction
tests.

1.5

References
The following references, including applicable addenda, shall form a part of this
specification to the extent specified.

1.5.1

AASHTO, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

M 226
Cement

Standard Specification for Viscosity Graded Asphalt

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

Pgina 3
.Men Principal

1.5.2

Indice volumen

Indice norma

ASTM, American Society of Testing and Materials.

C33
D242

D698

D1073
D1557

D1559
D2027
D2028

1.6

Indice manual

Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates.

Standard Specification for Mineral Filler for
Bituminous
specification for Coarse Aggregate for Bituminous Paving
Mixtures.
Standard Test Methods for MoistureDensity Relations of Soils
and Soil Aggregate Mixtures using 5.5 lb (2.49 Kg) Rammer and
12 in (305 mm) Drop.
Standard Specification for Fine Aggregate for Bituminous Paving
Mixtures.
Standard Test Methods for Moisture Density Relations of Soils
and Soil Aggregate Mixtures using 10 lb (4.54 Kg) Rammer and
18 in (457 mm) Drop.
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Plastic Flow of
Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus.
Standard Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium Curing
Type).
Standard Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid Curing Type).

Information Supplied by Contractor

Contractor shall submit testing laboratory reports to the Owners representative
to ensure compacted fill meets requirements of this specification.

1.7

Site Conditions

1.7.1

See Specification Side Data, PDVSA SD251 for general physical conditions
at site.

1.7.2

Geotechnical report including boring logs and test data to determine soil and
water conditions.

PRODUCTS
2.1

Backfill and Fill Materials

Soil materials for backfill and fill shall be free of clay, rock, or gravel larger than
50 mm in any dimension, debris, waste, and vegetable, other matter.

2.1.1

Select Fill Inorganic granular material compacted to 95% of maximum density

at optimum moisture content according to ASTM D1557.

2.1.2

Special Fill (Rock Ring Wall) Crushed stone or rock with size of 25 mm to 40
mm maximum, no fines, conforming to ASTM C33. Deposit in 200 mm thick
maximum lifts and compact with a vibratory drum roller.

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

Pgina 4
.Men Principal

2.1.3

2.2

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

Pad Sand or equivalent available local material compacted to a minimum

density of 95% to a laboratory maximum dry density as determined by ASTM
D1557.

Asphalt Paving

2.2.1

Bitominous Materials Asphalt complying with requirement of AASHTO M226.

Contractor shall submit recommended material to Owner for approval before
construction.

2.2.2

Mineral Aggregates Crushed stone, gravel, sharpedge natural sand, mineral

filler, or a combination of two or more of these materials. Aggregates shall meet
the requirements of the following specifications:
Coarse Aggregates ASTM D692 a maximum aggregate size of 25 mm in any
direction.
Fine Aggregates ASTM D1073.
Mineral Filler Limestone or Dolomite dust and portland cement with 80%
passing 0,075 mm sieve. (Sieve N 200) ASTM D242.

2.2.3

The total pavement thickness shall be a minimum of 50 mm.

2.2.4

A mix specified by a local supplier will be considered if it has been shown to have
a satisfactory history or performance.

2.2.5

Contractor shall submit the jobmix formula to the Owner approval before starting
work.

2.3

Asphalt Coating
Asphalt Coating Hot sprayed bituminous material with a minimum thickness to
form a continuous seal.
Hot applied bitominous cutback primer:
Use MC30 per ASTM D2027 (temperate weather)
MC250 per ASTM D2027 (hot climate)
MC250 per ASTM D2028 (hot climate)
Any Material Cover by COVENIN Specifications

2.4

Concrete and Reinforcement

Concrete and reinforcement shall conform to PDVSA A211. Concrete have a
28 day minimun compressive strength of 210 kg/cm2.

EXECUTION
3.1

General
Owner design drawings show location and materials used for storage tank
foundations.

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

Pgina 5
.Men Principal

3.2

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

Subgrade
Remove topsoil and natural soils to the required depth. Before placing fill, check
the surface for soft stops and water pockets, remove, and replace with approved
compacted material.

3.3

Fill
Place fill in maximum lifts of 200 mm and compact.

3.4

Concrete Placement
Place concrete for anchor blocks, curbs, and ringwalls in accordance with
specification PDVSA A211. Grouting shall conform to specification PDVSA
A213.

3.5

Tolerances
Install the surface immediately under the bottom plates so the variation in line of
the surface does not exceed + 6 mm in 10 meters, and the variation in level
between any two points around the perimeter does not exceed + 12 mm, for tanks
whose diameter exceed 20 meters.

3.6

Slopes and Drainage

For drainage, gradients, and slopes, see Owner design drawings.

3.7

Sumps
Provide cutouts for drawoff sump in pad.

3.8

Asphalt Paving and Coating

3.8.1

Install asphalt paving after testing tank.

3.8.2

Protect anchor bolts below grade from corrosion.

3.9

Field Inspection and Tests

3.9.1

Testing laboratory shall perform inspection and tests of densities and moisture
contents of fill layers and pad, as directed by the Owners representative.
Samples will be taken at the bottom of each compacted layer.

3.9.2

Remove, replace, or rework fill sections failing to meet these specifications until
satisfactory, at no extra cost to the Owner.

3.10
3.10.1

Adjustment and Cleaning

Repair any damage to surrounding soil caused during erection and return to
original conditions after completion of foundations.

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

Pgina 6
.Men Principal

3.10.2

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

Remove all debris from the site, as directed by the Owner representative at
contractors expense.

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

Pgina 7
.Men Principal

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

1.APPENDIX 1 DESIGN
1

GENERAL
1.1

Scope
This appendix contains the design basis for the preparation of drawings and other
documents for storage tank foundations.

1.2

1.3
1.3.1

Related Specifications
PDVSA A251

Concrete Below Grade Design.

PDVSA JA221

EarthquakeProof Design for Industrial Installation

PDVSA SD251

Side Data.

COVENIN 1756

Edificaciones Antissmicas.

COVENIN 2003

Acciones de Vientos sobre las Construcciones.

References
ACI American Concrete Institute.
318

1.3.2

ICBO International Conference of Building Officials.

UBC

1.3.3

Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.

NFPA National Fire Protection Association.

No 30

1.3.5

Uniform Building Code.

ANSI American National Standards Institute.

A58.1

1.3.4

Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete and

Commentary.

Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code.

API American Petroleum Institute.

Std 650 Welded Steel Tank for Oil Storage.

1.4

Site Conditions
See Specification PDVSA SD251 for general physical conditions at site.

DESIGN
2.1
2.1.1

Loading Conditions
Live Load Weight of liquid for operating condition or for water test.

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

Pgina 8
.Men Principal

Indice volumen

Indice norma

2.1.2

Dead Load Weight of foundation mat, weight of tank including insulation and
platforms.

2.1.3

Wind Load See COVENIN 2003, complemented with ANSI A58.1.

2.1.4

Earthquake Load See COVENIN 1756, complemented with ANSI A58.1.

2.1.5

Uplift load for pressurized tanks.

2.2

Loading Combinations.

2.2.1

Size ring walls so the pressure at the base of the ring wall is equal to the soil
pressure at the same elevation for the operational loading condition (see PDVSA
LSTC006, in 3.2).

2.2.2

Provide concrete ringwalls or rock ringwall with anchor blocks if required for
anchoring against uplift loads, wind or earthquake loads.

2.3

Settlement

2.3.1

Uniform and differential settlements are to be given in the Geotechnical Report.

Check these settlements with piping design to verify if they are acceptable. If not,
provide special foundation.

2.3.2

Compensate for large settlements in design by any combination of the following:

2.3.3

Indice manual

a.

Raise the foundation level to the level required to compensate for initial
settlement during water test loading.

b.

Provide flexible connections.

c.

Adjust elevations of piping connections.

d.

Connect piping after settlement occurred.

When using water test loading to achieve initial settlements such method shall be
described. Indicate the initial and final settlement on the design drawings.

DESIGN DETAILS
3.1

Dimensions

3.1.1

Minimun height of bottom of tank above finished grade 300 mm.

3.1.2

Extend base a minimum of 900 mm beyond tank perimeter for OSBL* tanks on
fill.

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA

STORAGE TANK FOUNDATIONS

PDVSA AM211PRT
REVISION

FECHA

DEC.91

Pgina 9
.Men Principal

3.2

Indice manual

Indice volumen

Indice norma

Slopes (Horizontal: Vertical)

3.2.1

Sand cushion 120:1 maximum.

3.2.2

Extended base Slope a minimum of 2% away from tank at top. 1,5:1 at side
walls.

3.2.3

Rock ring walls 1,5:1 maximum.

3.2.4

Tank basin Slope a minimum of 1% away from tank.

* OSBL: OUTSIDE BATTERY LIMIT.