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ASSIGNMENT SOLUTIONS GUIDE (2014-2015)

E.S.-343
'kSf{kd ewY;kadu
(Teaching of Social Studies)
Disclaimer/Special Note: These are just the sample of the Answers/Solutions to some of the Questions given in the
Assignments. These Sample Answers/Solutions are prepared by Private Teacher/Tutors/Auhtors for the help and Guidance
of the student to get an idea of how he/she can answer the Questions of the Assignments. We do not claim 100% Accuracy
of these sample Answers as these are based on the knowledge and cabability of Private Teacher/Tutor. Sample answers
may be seen as the Guide/Help Book for the reference to prepare the answers of the Question given in the assignment. As
these solutions and answers are prepared by the private teacher/tutor so the chances of error or mistake cannot be denied.
Any Omission or Error is highly regretted though every care has been taken while preparing these Sample Answers/
Solutions. Please consult your own Teacher/Tutor before you prepare a Particular Answer & for uptodate and exact
information, data and solution. Student should must read and refer the official study material provided by the university.

iz'u 1- lkekftd v;;u ikB~;p;kZ laxBu osQ fofk mikxeksa dk o.kZu dhft,A ek;fed Lrj ij lkekftd v;;u
ikB~;p;kZ laxfBr djus osQ fy, vki fdl mikxe dk iz;ksx djsaxs vkSj D;ksa\
mkjlkekftd v/;;u ikB~;ppkZ dks O;ofLFkr djus ls lacaf/kr izeq[k mikxe fuEufyf[kr gSa

(1) ,dhd`r mikxe(

(2) var%'kkL=h; mikxe( rFkk
(3) bdkbZ mikxe A
(1) ,dhr mikxe % lkekftd v/;;u dks O;ofLFkr djus okyk lacaf/kr izeq[k mixe gS ,dhd`r mikxe A ;g lcls vf/kd izpfyr
mikxe gS] D;ksafd ,d rks ;g euksoSKkfud n`f"V ls lgh lkfcr gksrk gS A nwljs bls nk'kZfud n`f"V ls Hkh mi;qDr ekuk tkrk gS A rhljs] ;g
mikxe oSKkfud v/;;u dh ifjorZu'khy izd`fr ds vuqdwy gS A bls viukdj lkekftd v/;;u dh ikB~;ppkZ esa 'kkfey fo"k;ksa dks Nk=ksa esa
ekufld fodkl ds vuq:i <kyk tk ldrk gS A orZeku le; esa oSKkfud Kku bruk vf/kd c<+ pqdk gS fd ijaijkxr 'kkL=h; fopkj/kkjkvksa
vkSj ubZ fopkjkkjkvksa ds chp dh lhekjs[kk,a feV pqdh gSa A

lkekftd v/;;u dh fo"k;&oLrq esa dbZ fopkj/kkjkvksa ds roksa dks ,dhd`r djus ds eq[; rjhds fuEufyf[kr gSa
(i) fopkj/kkjkvksa dh igpku cuk, j[krs gq, ,dhdj.k djuk(
(ii) lkekftd foKkuksa dh ladYiukvksa vkSj lkekU;hdj.kkssa ds ek/;e ls ,dhdj.k djuk( rFkk
(iii) ,dhdj.k ds }kjk lekdyu djuk A
(2) var%'kkL=kh; mikxe % var%'kkL=h; mikxe fdlh ,d fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr ugha gksrk gS] vfirq ;g nks ;k nks ls vf/kd fo"k;& {ks=ksa
dks tksM+rk gS A bl u, fo"k; esa nks fHkUUk&fHkUu fopkj/kkjkvksa ds eq[; Hkkx feydj ,d gks tkrs gSa A
cgq'kkL=h; mikxe dbZ fopkj/kkjkvksa dh ladYiukvksa] tkap&iM+rky dh fof/k;ksa vkSj muds ladYiukRed foU;kl ls ykHk mBkus dk iz;Ru
djrk gS A dk;Z ds nkSjku ikB~;ppkZ fuekZrk vko';drkuqlkj fo"k;ksa dks feykrk jgrk gS A dHkh&dHkh ,d fo"k; dks Li"V djus ds fy, lacaf/
kr vU; fo"k;ksa dk Hkh lekxe djuk vko';d gks tkrk gS A
(3) bdkbZ mikxe % bdkbZ ls rkRi;Z gS fdlh vof/k fo'ks"k ds lglacaf/kr vuqHkoksa dk lewg A ;g vof/k dkQh NksVh gksuh pkfg,] rkfd
Nk= tks Hkh lwpuk,a ,df=r djsa] mUgsa Lej.k j[k ldsa] muds ijLij laca/kksa dks tku ldsa] egllw dj ldsa rFkk fofHkUu lwpuk [kaMksa dks lexz
:i esa xzg.k dj ldsa A gkykafd dksbZ Hkh bdkbZ laiw.kZ dk;Ze dk ,d fgLlk ek= gksrh gS] fdUrq vU; fgLlksa dh rqyuk esa mldh igpku vyx
ls dh tk ldrh gS A
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bdkbZ mikxe esa lfEefyr fd, tkus okys ewy ro gSa y{;ksa dk lanHkZ] ms';&fo"k;d dF; lkexzh] dk;Ziz.kkyh] lalk/ku rFkk ewY;kadu
;kstuk A
lkekftd v/;;u esa fuEufyf[kr vf/kxe fu"if;ksa dk iz;ksx gksrk gS
(i) Kku lajpuk]
(ii) lqlaxr le>]
(iii) okaNuh; vfHko`f;ka] rFkk
(iv) vfuok;Z dkS'ky A
(i) Kku lajpuk % lkekftd v/;;u dh fo"k;&oLrq dh lajpuk blds lqlaxr vuqe esa gksuh pkfg,] rkfd Nk= ds efLr"d esa tks u, rF;
vkSj lwpuk,a izfo"V gksa] muls mlds Kku&HkaMkj dk lgh :i esa fodkl gksrk jgs A
(ii) lqlaxr le> % v/;kid dks pkfg, fd og ubZ lwpukvksa dks le>us esas Nk= dh enn djs A blds fy, vko';d gS fd
v/;kid d{kk ds vUnj rFkk ckgj ds bu fo"k;ksa ls tqM+s gq, rF;ksa dks ,df=r djs rFkk mUgsa ljy :i esa Nk=ksa ds le{k j[ks A
(iii) okaNuh; vfHko`fk;ka % fdlh Hkh oLrq] inkFkZ] ?kVuk ;k fo"k; ds ckjs eas euq"; ds eu esa vuqHkwfr iSnk djuk vfHko`f dgykrh gS rFkk
;g vfHko`f euq"; ds eu esa dkQh yEcs le; rd thfor jgrh gS A vr% v/;kid dks pkfg, fd og fofHkUu f;kvksa rFkk vf/kxe&vuqHkoksa ds
ek/;e ls Nk=ksa esa okafNr vfHko`f;ksa dks tkx`r djs A
(iv) vfuok;Z dkS'ky % Nk=ksa ds vf/kxe&ifj.kke esa dkS'ky dk fodkl dk egoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gS A rF;ksa dks O;ofLFkRk djus] muds ckjs
esa tkudkjh iznku djus rFkk vfHko`f dk fuekZ.k djus esa dkS'ky ,d egoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gS A dksbZ O;fDr fdlh ?kVuk ij fdl izdkj ls izfrf;k
djrk gS ;k lksp&fopkj djrk gS] ;g dkS'ky }kjk gh fu/kkZfjr gksrk gS A
iz'u 2- vius fo|ky; esa d{kk 9 osQ fy, ,d lkekftd v;;u dk iz'u i=k cukb,A
mkjiz'ui=k dk fuekZ.k % Nk=kksa ds dk;Z&fu"iknu dh oS/krk rFkk fo'oluh;rk iz'ui=k dh xq.kokk ij fuHkZj djrh gS blfy,
v;kid dks pkfg, fd og iz'ui=k dk fuekZ.k djrs le; bl ckr ij ;ku ns fd mlesa leLr fo"k;&lkexzh 'kkfey dh tk, rFkk
nwljs fofHkUu bdkb;ksa dks mfpr ego fn;k tkuk pkfg, A iz'u&i=k dks O;ofLFkr :i nsus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr dne mBk, tkus
vko';d gSa
(i) fo"k;&oLrq fo'ys"k.k % iz'ui=k rS;kj djrs le; loZizFke fd;k tkus okyk dk;Z gS lkekftd v/;;u dh ikB~;&iqLrd esa
lfEefyr fo"k;&oLrq dk leqfpr fo'ys"k.k A lEiw.kZ ikB~;e dks bdkb;ksa esa] bdkb;ksa dks izdj.kksa esa rFkk izdj.kksa dks ikB~;&fcanqvksa
esa ckaVk tkuk pkfg, A rRi'pkr izR;sd ikB~;fcanq ds varxZr mi&ikB~;fcanqvksa dks lwphc dhft, A
(ii) O;ogkjijd 'kCnkoyh esa 'kS{kf.kd ms';ksa dk ys[ku % 'kS{kf.kd ms';ksa ls vfHkizk; gS os okafNr ifjorZu tks ge Nk=ksa
ds O;ogkj esa ykuk pkgrs gSa A os O;ogkjijd ifjorZu lEcfU/kr gSa Kku] dkS'ky] le> rFkk #fp bR;kfn ls A vr% ewY;kadu ds
iz;kstuksa dh izkfIr ds fy, 'kS{kf.kd ms';ksa dks fyf[kr :i iznku fd;k tkuk vfuok;Z eku fy;k x;k gS A bl izdkj gj ms'; ,slk
gksuk pkfg, fd ;g Li"V gks tk, fd f'k{k.k izkIr djus ds i'pkr Nk=k veqd&veqd dk;ks dks djus esa l{ke gksxk A
(iii) CywfizaV rS;kj djuk % iz'ui=k rS;kj djrs le; v;kid ds fy, ;g lqfuf'pr djuk vko';d gksrk gS fd mlesa fofHkUu
fo"k;&oLrqvksa vkSj lHkh ms';ksa dks leqfpr izfrfuf/Ro izkIr gks tk,A bl ms'; dh izkfIr ds fy, ;g fd;k tk ldrk gS fd ,d
lkj.kh dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk, ftlesa ckb vksj ij ls 'kq: djds uhps rd lHkh fo"k;&oLrqvksa dk mYys[k fd;k tk, rFkk ij ckb
vksj ls nkfguh vksj rd lHkh ms';ksa dks ,d&,d djds vafdr dj fn;k tk,A fiQj izR;sd ms'; ds uhps vkSj lacaf/kr fo"k;&oLrqvksa
ds lkeus dh iafDr;ksa esa LraHkokj muds egolwpd vad fy[k fn, tk,aA bl izdkj dh lkj.kh dks CywfiazV dgk tkrk gS A vr% CywfizaV
dk vFkZ gS lHkh lekfo"V bdkb;ksa vkSj mudks fn, x, ego dk ,d ,slk ;kstukc Lo:i] ftldk mi;ksx v;kid iz'ui=k cukrs
le; dj ldrs gSa A
(iv) laKkukRed rFkk laKkusrj ifj.kkeksa ds fy, ijh{k.k ensa fodflr djuk % ijh{k.k djrs le; ijh{k.k laca/h enksa dks
fodflr djuk Hkh ,d vko';d f;k gS A laKkusrj vf/kxe ifj.kkeksa ds fy, Nk=kksa ds Kku] le>] vuqiz;ksx] fo'ys"k.k rFkk vU;
izdkj dh mPpdksfV dh ;ksX;rkvksa dh tkap djus okyh enksa dks rS;kj djuk iM+rk gS A
lkekU; :i ls ftu enksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] os gSa
(a) iwfrZ ensa]

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izR;{k iz'u iwNuk]

(c) cgqfodYih enksa dk iz;ksx] rFkk
(d) feyku ensa rFkk ijh{k.k ensa A
iz'u&i=k cukrs le; fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kuk pkfg,
(i) iz'ui=k esa fo"k;oLrq dh leLr bdkb;ksa dk lekos'k gksuk pkfg, A
(ii) iz'ui=k esa 'kkfey lHkh iz'u fofHkUu ms';ksa dk ekiu djus okys gksus pkfg, A
(iii) fofHkUu fo"k; {ks=kksa esa p;u laca/h NwV dh lqfokk ugha nh tkuh pkfg, A
(iv) iz'ui=k esa fofHkUu izdkj ds iz'u 'kkfey gksus pkfg, rFkk muesa dfBukbZ laca/h lHkh Lrjksa ds iz'uksa dk lekos'k gksuk pkfg, A
(v) iz'ui=k ds ijh Hkkx esa nkfguh vksj dqy vadksa dh la[;k rFkk izR;sd iz'u ds lkeus mlds fy, fu/kZfjr vad fy[ks gksus
pkfg,A
(vi) iz'ui=k esa le;] rkjh[k bR;kfn Li"V :i ls vafdr gksus pkfg, rFkk iz'uksa dks ,d e esa fy[kuk pkfg, A
(vii) iz'ui=k ds vkjEHk esa Nk=kksa ds fy, mfpr funsZ'k Li"V rFkk lkFkZd 'kCnksa esa fn, tkus pkfg, A
iz'u 3- vius fo|ky; osQ d{kk 10 dh lkekftd v;;u ikB~;p;kZ ls ,d mi;qDr 'kh"kZd ij ,d ifj;kstuk dk;Z
vk;ksftr dhft,A ,d izfrosnu cukb;s fd vkius ifj;kstuk dk;Z dk fdl izdkj fu;kstu rFkk laxBu fd;k\ ;g Hkh mYys[k
dhft, fd ifj;kstuk dk;Z esa fo|kFk;ksa osQ fu"iknu dk ewY;kadu vkius oSQls fd;k\
mkjd{kk esa v/;kiu ls iwoZ v/;kid fo"k; ds lEcU/k esa ,d ;kstuk rS;kj djrk gS] ftlds vUrxZr og bdkbZ dh fo"k;&oLrq dh
:ijs[kk dk fuekZ.k djrk gS A ;gh :ijs[kk ikB&;kstuk dgykrh gS A
lkekftd v/;;u esa ikB ;kstuk dks fuEufyf[kr mnkgj.k }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gS
mkjfo"k; % i;kZoj.k ij ekuo dk izHkko A
mi&fo"k; % i;kZoj.kh; iznw"k.k A
fof'k"V ms'; %
(i) rdZlaxr <ax ls nyhy djuk ,oa le> dk fodkl djuk A
(ii) ,sls vf/kxe okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djuk] ftlesa Nk= ,d&nwljs ls vius fopkjksa dk vknku&iznku djrs gq, i;kZoj.k dh lw{erj
ckrksa dh tkudkjh izkIr dj ldsa A
(iii) Nk=ksa dks i;kZoj.kh; leL;kvksa ds lEcU/k esa f'kf{kr djuk] rkfd os tkx:d gks ldsa rFkk bu leL;kvksa dks gy djus dk iz;Ru
djsa A
(iv) lekpkji=ksa] i=&if=dkvksa bR;kfn ls tkudkjh ,df=r djuk rFkk muds v/;;u esa Nk=ksa dh #fp fodflr djuk A
lanHkZ ,oa lgk;d lkexzh % pwafd og ,d lkekU; fo"k; gS vr% bldh lcls egoiw.kZ v/;;u lkexzh gksxhfofHkUu lzksrksa ls ,df=r
fd, x, ys[k A
f'k{kd Nk=ksa ls gh iz'u iwNdj v/;k; dks i<+kuk vkjEHk dj ldrk gS A pwafd vkilh fopkj&foe'kZ gh bl v/;k; dks i<+kus dk loksZe
ek/;e gS] tSls fd f'k{kd Nk=ksa ls iwNrk gS fd ^ikfjfLFkfrd vuqdwyu* ;k ^ifjfe=rk dk fodkl* ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
Nk=k % ^ikfjfLFkfrd vuqdwyu* ;k ^ifjfe=rk dk fodkl* dk vFkZ gS,d ,sls jgu&lgu ds izfr:i dks fodflr djuk tks i;kZoj.k dks
nwf"kr u djrk gks A
f'k{kd % f'k{kd bls vkxs c<+krs gq, dg ldrs gSa fd bls ^gfjr 'kkafr fodkl* ;k ^laiksf"kr djus ;ksX; fodkl* Hkh dgrs gSa A ;g orZeku
le; dh vko';drk gS A lalkj ds orZeku fodkl dh izf;k us thoksa dh fofHkUu tkfr;ksa dks foyqIr i;kZoj.k dh xq.kok dks de vkSj lalk/
kuksa dks yxHkx lekIr dj fn;k gS A fodkl dh izf;k us okrkoj.k dks cqjh rjg vkgr dj fn;k gS A fodkl dh izf;k xjhcksa vkSj i;kZoj.k
ds vuqdwYk gksuh pkfg, A
blds i'pkr~v/;kid Nk=ksa dks i;kZoj.kh; fuEuhdj.k dh laf{kIr tkudkjh iznku djrs gSa
i;kZoj.kh; fuEuhdj.k dk vFkZ gS i;kZoj.k dks nwf"kr djuk rFkk mldh xq.kok dks de djuk A blds fy, izkd`frd ,oa ekuoksn~Hkoh
dkjd mjnk;h gSa] tks LFkkuh; Lrj rd dk;Z djrs gSa A bl izdkj og O;oLFkk tks i;kZoj.k dh fLFkjrk ;k mlds larqyu dks xM+cM+k, rFkk
ftlds ifj.keLo:i i;kZoj.k nwf"kr gks] mls i;kZoj.kh; fuEuhdj.k dh izf;k dgrs gSa A
bls i'pkr Nk=ksa dks fuEufyf[kr i;kZoj.k ls lacaf/kr fo"k;ksa ls lac) ys[k v/;;u ds fy, fn, tk ldrs gSa
(i) ok;q iznw"k.k A
(ii) ty iznw"k.k A
(b)

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/ofu iznw"k.k A
(iv) Hkwfe fuEuhdj.k A
(v) HkweaMyh; rkiu A
(vi) vkstksu dk de gksuk bR;kfn A
rRi'pkr bu ys[kksa ij ,d&,d djds fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k tk ldrk gS A
(iii)

';kei dk;Z

i;kZoj.kh; iznw"k.k
ok;q iznw"k.k

/ofu iznw"k.k

ty iznw"k.k

Hkwfe fuEuhdj.k

HkweaMyh; rkiu

vkstksu vo{k;

ok;q&iznw"k.k ds izdkj
(i) iznwf"kr djus okyh oLrqvksa ds vk/kkj ij
(a) xSlh; ok;q iznw"k.k]
(b) df.kdk ok;q iznw"k.k A
(ii) iznwf"kr djus okyh oLrqvksa ds lzksr ds vk/kkj ij

eksVjdkj iznw"k.k vkS|ksfxd iznw"k.k rkih; iznw"k.k uxjh; iznw"k.k xzkeh.k iznw"k.k ukfHkdh; iznw"k.k
d ok;qeaMy esa dkcZuMkbvkWDlkbM (CO2) dh rsth ls c<+rh gqbZ ek=k ds dkj.k fuEufyf[kr gSa
(i) thok'e b/ku ds tyus ls fudyh CO2
(ii) ouksa dk {ks= de gksus ls CO2 dh [kir esa vkbZ deh A
[k vkstksu ds de gksus dk dkj.k ok;qeaMy esa Dyksjks&yksjks dkcZu (CFC) dh c<+rh gqbZ ek=k gS A bldk fo'o dh tyok;q] fofok
tSoh; leqnk;ksa vkSj ekuo leqnk; ij cgqr cqjk izHkko iM+k gS A

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