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    Energy, Work and Power of Human Body - 3

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    AboAzozAzoeaz
    The document discusses energy in the human body from a physics perspective. It states that the human body can be considered an energy converter that transforms food energy into work, heat production, and operating organs. The conservation of energy principle applies to the body, where energy from food is either stored, lost as heat, or used to do work. Several key energy terms are also defined, such as basal metabolic rate, work, power, and efficiency. Units of energy measurement like calories and joules are also covered.

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    Energy, Work and Power of Human Body - 3

    Uploaded by

    AboAzozAzoeaz
    57 views25 pages
    The document discusses energy in the human body from a physics perspective. It states that the human body can be considered an energy converter that transforms food energy into work, heat production, and operating organs. The conservation of energy principle applies to the body, where energy from food is either stored, lost as heat, or used to do work. Several key energy terms are also defined, such as basal metabolic rate, work, power, and efficiency. Units of energy measurement like calories and joules are also covered.

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    Energy, Work and Power of Human Body_3

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    The document discusses energy in the human body from a physics perspective. It states that the human body can be considered an energy converter that transforms food energy into work, heat production, and operating organs. The conservation of energy principle applies to the body, where energy from food is either stored, lost as heat, or used to do work. Several key energy terms are also defined, such as basal metabolic rate, work, power, and efficiency. Units of energy measurement like calories and joules are also covered.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    57 views25 pages

    Energy, Work and Power of Human Body - 3

    Uploaded by

    AboAzozAzoeaz
    The document discusses energy in the human body from a physics perspective. It states that the human body can be considered an energy converter that transforms food energy into work, heat production, and operating organs. The conservation of energy principle applies to the body, where energy from food is either stored, lost as heat, or used to do work. Several key energy terms are also defined, such as basal metabolic rate, work, power, and efficiency. Units of energy measurement like calories and joules are also covered.

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    of 25

    By Dr/ Mohamed A.

    EL-Hag

    There are many different forms of energy in the


    universe

    Ex. Mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical and


    nuclear energies

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Conservation of Energy
    Energy never destroyed or created but it can
    transformed from one form to another

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Conservation of energy in the body


    From a physics point of view, human body is
    considered to be an energy converter

    Conservation of energy within the body can be


    expressed as
    Change in stored energy in the body (i.e. food energy
    and body fats) = heat lost from the body + work done

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Our bodies use food energy to


    1) operate its organs

    2) Maintain constant body temperature


    3) Do work

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Units of Energy
    In the international system (S.I.)
    In the French system

    Joule

    erg

    1 J = 107 erg
    The energy value stored in the food is
    measured in a special unit called calories (
    cal)
    1 cal = 4.18 J
    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Energy change in the body


    Energy is produced in the body through the

    oxidation of glucose (the simplest form of sugar)


    The rate of oxidation within the body is called the
    metabolic rate
    Oxidation of one mole of glucose C6H12O6
    (180 gm) produce 686 Kcal
    = 686 X 4.18 = 2867.48 K J

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    The basal metabolic rate (BMR)


    It is defined as The amount of energy needed to

    perform minimal body functions (i.e. to maintain


    the life)
    BMR = 92 Kcal/ hr

    92 10 4.18
    BMR
    107 J/s (Watt)
    60 60
    3

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Work
    The Work done (W) by a person is the product of the
    force and displacement

    W = Force X displacement

    W = F. X
    X

    The unit of work is Joule


    Which is the same unit of energy

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    Power (P)
    It is defined as The time rate of doing the work

    w F.X
    P
    t
    t
    J/s = Watt is the S.I unit for measuring power

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    10

    Ex: Calculate the work done by a person exerts a force


    of 10 N to move an object a distance of 2 m.

    Answer:
    F = 10 N

    X=2m

    W=FX

    W= (10)( 2) = 20 J

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    11

    Ex. In the last example calculate the power if you know


    that the force was affected for 5 S.

    Answer:
    W = 20 J

    t=5S

    P=W/t

    P = 20 / 5 = 4 watt

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    12

    The work done by a person to climb a hill or walk


    upstairs is given by

    W = m.g.h
    Where mg is the weight of the person
    And h is the height of the hill

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    13

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    14

    The efficiency of the body (E) as a machine is given by


    the equation

    Work done
    E
    Energy consumed

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    15

    Ex: A man of mass 70 Kg climbs a hill of height 15 m. if


    the energy consumed by this man due to climbing is 70
    KJ . What is his muscular efficiency during climbing.

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    16

    Answer
    The work done W =m.g.h

    = 70 X 9.8 X 15 = 10290 J
    Energy consumed due to climbing = 70 KJ

    Work done
    10.29 103
    E

    0.147
    3
    Energy consumed
    70 10

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    17

    The efficiency of muscles in performing external work


    is at best 20%. Therefore, at least 80% of the energy
    consumed is converted into heat inside the body
    If this heat were not eliminated, the body temperature
    would quickly rise to a dangerous level

    During moderate physical activity, a 70-kg man may


    consume 260 Cal/hr. Of this amount, at least 208 Cal is
    converted to heat. If this heat remained within the
    body, the body temperature would rise by 3 C/hr.

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    18

    Assessment
    1) From a physics point of view, human body is
    considered to be an energy

    a) Consumer
    b) Producer
    c) Converter

    d) None of the above

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    19

    2- Human body use food energy to .


    a) Operate its organs

    b) maintain constant body temperature


    c) Do work
    d) All of the above

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    20

    3- the energy value stored in the food is measured in a


    special unit called ..

    a) Joule
    b) Erg
    c) Calorie

    d) Newton

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    21

    4- is defined as The amount of energy needed to

    perform minimal body functions (i.e. to maintain the life)


    a) The Metabolic rate

    b) The basal metabolic rate


    c) Power of the body

    d) None of the above

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    22

    5- a man tried to push a car with a force of 10 N but the


    car does not move, the work done by this man in this
    case would be .
    a) Zero
    b) 10 J

    c) 100 J
    d) None of the above

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    23

    6) The time rate of doing the work is called .


    a) Energy

    b) Force
    c) Power
    d) velocity

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    24

    7- The efficiency of the body as a machine should be .


    a) Equals to 1

    b) Less than 1
    c) Greater than 1
    d) zero

    By Dr/ Mohamed A. EL-Hag

    25

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