Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 409 views

    Toplighting Strategies

    Uploaded by

    Laura Oniga
    This document discusses various toplighting strategies for bringing daylight into buildings, including skylights, sawtooth roofs, roof monitors, lightwells, and atria. It provides examples of each strategy through case studies of buildings like the Kimbell Art Museum, Tampa Art Center, and Denver Airport. Key points covered include how toplighting strategies can distribute daylight over a large horizontal area, optimize relationships with HVAC systems, and reduce contrast and glare through light redirection and modification. Challenges like heat gain, uniform illumination, and maintenance are also addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Toplighting Strategies

    Uploaded by

    Laura Oniga
    409 views34 pages
    This document discusses various toplighting strategies for bringing daylight into buildings, including skylights, sawtooth roofs, roof monitors, lightwells, and atria. It provides examples of each strategy through case studies of buildings like the Kimbell Art Museum, Tampa Art Center, and Denver Airport. Key points covered include how toplighting strategies can distribute daylight over a large horizontal area, optimize relationships with HVAC systems, and reduce contrast and glare through light redirection and modification. Challenges like heat gain, uniform illumination, and maintenance are also addressed.

    Original Description:

    Lumina zenitala

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses various toplighting strategies for bringing daylight into buildings, including skylights, sawtooth roofs, roof monitors, lightwells, and atria. It provides examples of each strategy through case studies of buildings like the Kimbell Art Museum, Tampa Art Center, and Denver Airport. Key points covered include how toplighting strategies can distribute daylight over a large horizontal area, optimize relationships with HVAC systems, and reduce contrast and glare through light redirection and modification. Challenges like heat gain, uniform illumination, and maintenance are also addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    409 views34 pages

    Toplighting Strategies

    Uploaded by

    Laura Oniga
    This document discusses various toplighting strategies for bringing daylight into buildings, including skylights, sawtooth roofs, roof monitors, lightwells, and atria. It provides examples of each strategy through case studies of buildings like the Kimbell Art Museum, Tampa Art Center, and Denver Airport. Key points covered include how toplighting strategies can distribute daylight over a large horizontal area, optimize relationships with HVAC systems, and reduce contrast and glare through light redirection and modification. Challenges like heat gain, uniform illumination, and maintenance are also addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 34

    Toplighting Strategies

    DAYLIGHT

    M. Kroelinger
    ABS 731 Spring 2006

    Outline

    DAYLIGHT

    Characteristics
    Skylights
    Sawtooth
    Roof Monitors
    Lightwells
    Atria & Lightcourts
    Summary; Q&A

    DAYLIGHT

    Toplighting Characteristics
    Of minimal use in tall
    buildings because you can
    distribute only a couple of
    floors.
    Freedom to place source
    where desired.
    Can achieve uniform
    illumination if needed.
    Solutions have to be
    different for each building
    type & location.
    Bring daylight in from above
    to obtain deeper
    penetration into space.

    DAYLIGHT

    Toplighting Characteristics
    Optimizing relationship
    between lighting & HVAC
    under wide daily &
    seasonal variations in
    sunlight a problem.
    Direct sunlight can be a
    plus or a minus.
    Can be oriented to sky vault
    or to horizon, depending on
    strategy.
    Can distribute daylight over
    a greater horizontal area
    than sidelighting.
    Better than sidelighting
    under overcast skies

    Atrium of Center for British Art & Studies,


    Louis Kahn, New Haven, Connecticut

    DAYLIGHT

    Skylights
    Provide a relatively
    uniform level of
    illuminance.
    Used to illuminate
    horizontal work planes.
    Excellent for general
    illuminance & for
    lighting 3D artwork or
    objects.
    Can introduce
    considerable heat gain
    in summer.

    DAYLIGHT

    Skylights
    Need to understand
    differing effects of clear
    vs. translucent glazing.
    Splaying the skylight
    opening can increase
    horizontal distribution.
    Available in standard &
    custom sizes from
    many manufacturers.
    Sound choice for high
    security & windowless
    spaces.

    Skylights

    DAYLIGHT

    Basic shapes:

    Flat
    Bubble
    Dormer
    Pyramid
    Ridge

    Can be combined with


    internal modifiers to redirect light which can
    reduce contrast &
    glare.

    Case Study: Kimbell Art Museum

    DAYLIGHT

    Fort Worth, Texas, USA


    Louis I. Kahn, Architect
    Reflected light across
    concrete vaults
    Internal reflector
    suspended below
    ceiling.
    Much use of bounced
    light.
    Courts for borrowed
    light.
    Changing of seasons
    Linear form

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study: Kimbell Art Museum

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study: High Museum of Art

    Case Study: Salt Lake City Public Library

    DAYLIGHT

    Salt Lake City, UT, USA; 225,000 sq.


    ft.; 1999-2003.
    Moshe Safdie, Architect with VCBO
    Architecture, Associate Architects
    Five-story, triangular-shaped main
    building.
    Houses the stacks, an adjacent
    rectangular administration facility, & a
    glass-enclosed Urban Room and
    public piazza.
    Urban Room open to views of the
    surrounding Wasatch mountain
    range.
    Crescent-shaped wall allows visitors
    to ascend & access a public roof
    garden.
    At night the glass facade, lit from
    within, is reflected in a crescentshaped reflecting pool extending into
    the outdoor space.

    DAYLIGHT

    Salt Lake City Public Library

    DAYLIGHT

    Salt Lake City Public Library

    DAYLIGHT

    Sawtooth
    Common design
    strategy for industrial
    plants during late 19th
    & early 20th centuries
    because uniform
    illuminance possible.
    Can function well with
    low ceiling heights.
    Sawtooth aperture
    very complex due to
    infinite number of
    design variations.

    DAYLIGHT

    Sawtooth
    Single & multiple
    aperture designs do
    not function in a similar
    way.
    End aperture differ
    from center conditions
    due to sky
    characteristics &
    aperture design.
    Pattern of illuminance
    depends on sky type.
    Three apertures in
    series required to
    achieve good pattern
    of light.

    Case Study: Mt: Angel Abby Library

    DAYLIGHT

    Oregon, USA
    Alvar Aalto, Architect
    Spaces divided into two
    groups with varying
    lighting needs
    Reading (high levels)
    Book storage (lower
    levels)

    Reading areas along


    perimeter wall & under
    sun scoops.
    Books between reading
    areas, further from
    pools of light.
    Centric, linear form

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study: Mt: Angel Abby Library

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study:Tampa Art Center


    Largo, Florida, USA.
    Thompson & Rose,
    Architects, Cambridge,
    MA
    Museum &
    administration building.
    Sawtooth monitors for
    top lighting.
    Galleries are sky
    lighted.
    Canopy overhang to
    block direct sun and
    bounce diffuse light in
    clerestories.
    Linear, clustered form

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study:Tampa Art Center

    DAYLIGHT

    Roof Monitors
    Utilize vertical or
    steeply sloped glazing
    above ceiling line.
    Light scoops face
    north.
    Sun scoops face
    south.
    Sun scoops, without
    modifiers, not
    appropriate for hot,
    arid climates.

    DAYLIGHT

    Roof Monitors
    Overhangs,
    translucent glass &
    baffles or heatreflecting glass can be
    used to reduce heat
    gain & improve visual
    comfort.
    Light scoops use clear
    glazing to max.
    transmission.
    Roof surface
    contributes to ERC.

    DAYLIGHT

    Roof Monitors
    Light scoops should
    not be used in cold
    climates, unless
    insulating glazing is
    used.
    Heat loss through a
    light scoop can be
    significant in cold
    climates.
    Light scoops provide
    most consistent level
    of illuminance with a
    min. of glare.

    Case Study: Center for


    Energy & Environmental Education

    DAYLIGHT

    University of Northern
    Iowa.
    Wells Woodson ONiel,
    Architects with the
    Weidt Group, Energy &
    Environmental
    Consultants.
    Integrates architecture,
    ecological design &
    education.
    Primary goal was to
    maximize daylighting
    and reduce electrical
    energy consumption.
    Combination form

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study: Center for


    Energy & Environmental Education

    DAYLIGHT

    Lightwells
    A vertical opening
    through one or more
    floors of a building.
    Designed to distribute
    daylight to adjacent
    spaces.
    Usually located
    adjacent to vertical
    circulation.
    Often do not provide
    view to outdoors.

    DAYLIGHT

    Lightwells
    Glare not usually a
    problem when
    lightwells are tall &
    narrow.
    Thermal gain usually
    negligible if interior
    opening is glazed.
    Exterior opening
    usually glazed for
    moisture control.
    Can be used with suntracking or beam
    daylighting devices.

    DAYLIGHT

    Lightwells
    Canadian National
    Gallery, Ottawa
    Moshe Safdie,
    architect
    Opened in 1988
    Granite & glass is the
    home of Canada's art
    collection

    DAYLIGHT

    Atria and Lightcourts


    Atria are central areas
    that open to the sky in
    multi-story buildings.
    Often glazed to create
    a controlled
    environment.
    Amount of sunlight
    admitted must be
    balanced against
    heating & cooling
    needs.

    DAYLIGHT

    Atria and Lightcourts


    Varying geometries
    including:
    Side wall perpendicular
    to floor
    Splayed up or down.

    Performance depends
    on aspect ratio of atria:
    Tall, narrow
    Short, wide

    Shape should be
    determined, in part,
    based on lighting
    needs on horizontal vs.
    vertical surfaces.

    DAYLIGHT

    Atria and Lightcourts


    Major concern
    maintenance of trees &
    plants.
    Interior wall finishes &
    wall glazing
    characteristics will
    impact distribution.
    Ratios of 1:1 are best
    (depth to width).
    Vertical wall
    illuminance is usually
    less than 20% of
    exterior horizontal
    illuminance below 2 or
    3 floors from opening.

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study: TVA Building

    DAYLIGHT

    Case Study: Denver Airport

    DAYLIGHT

    Summary & Discussion


    Architecture is the making of a room; an assembly of rooms. The
    light is the light of that room. Thoughts exchanged by one and
    another are not the same in one room as in another. (Louis Kahn in
    Buttiker, Urs, Louis I. Kahn Light and Space, New York: WatsonGuptill Publications, 1994, p.178)

    DAYLIGHT

    References
    Buttiker, Urs, Louis I. Kahn Light and Space, New York:
    Watson-Guptill Publications, 1994, p.178.
    Guzowski, Mary, Daylighting for sustainable design.
    Robbins, Claude. Daylighting.
    Lam, William, Sunlighting as formgivers for architecture
    Kroelinger, Michael. APS Daylighting Guide
    http://cac.mcgill.ca/safdie/biography/biopage.php
    http://www.msafdie.com/
    Faculty members own phtographs, in part.
    Architectural Record, various issues.

    You might also like