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    GNU Tool Chain

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    srinu63
    This document discusses the GNU tool chain, which includes tools like Make, GCC, Binutils, and the GNU debugger. It provides details on compiling and linking C code with GCC, generating object files and binaries, using Makefiles to build projects, and debugging with GDB.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    GNU Tool Chain

    Uploaded by

    srinu63
    37 views15 pages
    This document discusses the GNU tool chain, which includes tools like Make, GCC, Binutils, and the GNU debugger. It provides details on compiling and linking C code with GCC, generating object files and binaries, using Makefiles to build projects, and debugging with GDB.

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    This document discusses the GNU tool chain, which includes tools like Make, GCC, Binutils, and the GNU debugger. It provides details on compiling and linking C code with GCC, generating object files and binaries, using Makefiles to build projects, and debugging with GDB.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    37 views15 pages

    GNU Tool Chain

    Uploaded by

    srinu63
    This document discusses the GNU tool chain, which includes tools like Make, GCC, Binutils, and the GNU debugger. It provides details on compiling and linking C code with GCC, generating object files and binaries, using Makefiles to build projects, and debugging with GDB.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    GNU Tool Chain

    What is GNU

     GNU Not Unix


     Free software organization
    GNU Tool Chain

    • This is an outcome of the GNU Project.


    • Tool Chain includes
    – GNU Make
    – GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
    – GNU Binutils
    – GNU Debugger
    – GNU build system
    GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
    GCC Cont…

    • Advantages:
    – Pretty up-to-date and reliable
    – Available on variety of platforms
    – Free and open source
    – Can compile C, C++
    – It’s both compiler and linker
    – Eg: gcc main.c module1.c module2.c
    –o program
    GCC Cont…Command line
    options
    • syntax:
    gcc options files
    • Most common options to gcc are
    -c, -o, -g, -Wall, -I, -L, -l
    GCC : Simple Example

    /* main.c */

    #include<stdio.h>

    int main()
    {
    printf("Hello world\n") ;
    return 0 ;
    }
    #include<stdio.h> /* sub.c */
    int sub(int a, int b)
    {
    printf("In the subtraction funtcion\n") ;
    return (a-b) ;
    }

    #include <stdio.h> /* add.c */

    // include.h int add(int a, int b)


    {
    int add(int, int) ; printf("In the addition function\n") ;
    int sub(int, int) ; return(a+b) ;
    }

    #include<stdio.h> /* main.c */
    #include "include.h"
    int main()
    {
    int a = 5, b =4 ;
    printf("Addition of these two numbers is %d\n", add(a,b)) ;
    printf("Subtraction of these two numbers is %d\n",sub(a,b)) ;
    return 0 ;
    }
    GCC – generation of a binary file

    Method - I
    gcc main.c add.c sub.c -o main
    GCC – generation of a binary file

    Method II
     gcc -c main.c

     gcc -c add.c

     gcc -c sub.c

     gcc main.o add.o sub.o -o main


    GNU Make

    • Make is a utility for automatically


    building executable programs from
    source code.
    • This is one of the dependency-tracking
    build utility.
    • Make will look into the current directory
    for a file by the name Makefile or
    makefile
    Makefile
     consists of a series of variable definitions
    and dependency rules
     Dependency rules
    # simple make file
    main: main.o add.o sub.o
    gcc -o main main.o sub.o add.o

    main.o: main.c
    gcc -c main.c

    add.o: add.c
    gcc -c add.c

    sub.o: sub.c
    gcc -c sub.c

    clean:
    rm –rf *.o
    # simple make file

    all: main

    main: main.o add.o sub.o


    gcc -o main main.o sub.o add.o

    main.o: main.c
    gcc -c main.c

    add.o: add.c
    gcc -c add.c

    sub.o: sub.c
    gcc -c sub.c

    clean:
    rm –rf *.o
    Makefile cont…
    • Variable Definitions
    – Variables are not pre-declared, you just set them
    with '='
    – Predefined: CC, CFLAGS(-I, -g), LDFLAGS (-l, -L)
    – Eg:CC = gcc
    CFLAGS = -g -I/usr/abc/xyz/include
    # A part of make file with variables
    CC = gcc
    • Options: main: main.o add.o sub.o
    -k ignore errors $(CC) -o main main.o sub.o add.o
    -f <filename>
    -n to print out what it would have done without actually
    doing it.
    GNU Debugger

     Standard debugger for the GNU Softwares


     Compile the code with –g flag
     Steps in using the gdb
     Starting the debugger – gdb program
     Running the debugger – run, step, next, finish,
    return, jump address
     Breakpoints – break, cont
     Examining the stack – backtrace
     Examining the source files – list
     Examining data – print, set variable = expression

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