The document provides an overview of the fundamentals of the Internet including how it connects people and allows them to access shared information globally as a network of networks. It describes how individuals connect to the Internet using computers, connections like phone lines, necessary software, and service providers. The document also summarizes key things people can do on the Internet like emailing, social networking, downloading files, and using the World Wide Web to browse information. A brief history of Internet milestones from the 1960s to the 1990s is also presented.
The document provides an overview of the fundamentals of the Internet including how it connects people and allows them to access shared information globally as a network of networks. It describes how individuals connect to the Internet using computers, connections like phone lines, necessary software, and service providers. The document also summarizes key things people can do on the Internet like emailing, social networking, downloading files, and using the World Wide Web to browse information. A brief history of Internet milestones from the 1960s to the 1990s is also presented.
The document provides an overview of the fundamentals of the Internet including how it connects people and allows them to access shared information globally as a network of networks. It describes how individuals connect to the Internet using computers, connections like phone lines, necessary software, and service providers. The document also summarizes key things people can do on the Internet like emailing, social networking, downloading files, and using the World Wide Web to browse information. A brief history of Internet milestones from the 1960s to the 1990s is also presented.
The document provides an overview of the fundamentals of the Internet including how it connects people and allows them to access shared information globally as a network of networks. It describes how individuals connect to the Internet using computers, connections like phone lines, necessary software, and service providers. The document also summarizes key things people can do on the Internet like emailing, social networking, downloading files, and using the World Wide Web to browse information. A brief history of Internet milestones from the 1960s to the 1990s is also presented.
Internet
Internet is a global network of networks. People and organization connect to the internet so that they can access massive store of shared information. The Internet is an inherently participative medium. Anybody can publish information or create new services.
How do I Connect to the Internet?
Computer Connection phone line, wireless , data cards etc.. Modem Network software TCP/IP Application Software Browsers etc.. Internet Service Provider.
What can I do on the Internet?
Send Receive emails. Social networking. Download software's, audio visual files, pdfs etc Surf on the WORLD WIDE WEB. And much much more.
Internet History Milestones
1969
ARPANET
R&D
Project
1985
NSFNET
founded
by
1983
DOD
Mandated
AdopHon
of
The
NaHonal
Science
FoundaHon
TCP/IP
ARPANET
1974
1983
Vinton
Cerf
ARPANET
Split
into
and
Robert
Kahn
IniHated
ARPANET
and
MILNET
TCP/IP
1993
Web
Browser
Mosaic
invented
by
Mark
Andreesen
INTERNET
1991
World
Wide
Web
Released
by
Tim-Berners
Lee
What is WORLD WIDE WEB?
The Web was invented in 1991 by Tim Berners- Lee. The web is a distributed information system. The web contains multimedia. Information in the web is connected by hyperlinks. The world wide web consortium (W3C) definition of the web: "The World Wide Web is the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human knowledge"
Browsing the web
A Web page is a document on the world wide web. A web browser is the computer program that we use to retrieve and view web pages. Most popular browsers are internet explorer, Firefox, Chrome etc..
The functionality of the WWW is based on 3 main standards:
URL (Universal Resource Locator) HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) HTTP (Hypertext transfer Protocol)
The Universal Resource Locator (URL)
Each page of information on the web has a unique address called the URL at which it can be found
The document can be obtained using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
1
Protocol
Host Name The Name of
Web Server
2
Host
Name
Path to the Web
Page
File Name
Denotes that the File
is Written in HTML HyperText Markup Language
3
File
Name
HTML HTML is a universal, simple language for formatting text. It also allows embedding of graphics, and linking of documents via hyperlinks. Hypertext documents allow readers to freely move around the document, following links to subjects of interest. HTML is a language that is used to specify the structure of documents for retrieval across the Internet using browsers.
HTTP The standard Web transfer protocol is HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocols). It is used for document exchange between servers and clients (typically browsers) in the WWW. To retrieve a document, the client first sends a request to the web server and waits for a reply An HTTP daemon/service (a program that waits for http requests) on the server then handles the request and the document is sent to the client (over a connection established using TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) A Protocol is Agreed upon sets of rules that provide order to a system or situation. In this case, a set of rules/standards for communicating on the Internet.
