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    1-Android Internals 10305904 - Nimit

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    Anonymous igVRM2mA6k
    The document discusses key components of the Android system architecture. It describes how the Android kernel is based on the Linux kernel and enhanced with drivers like Binder for inter-process communication (IPC). It explains the startup process where the kernel initializes and loads processes like zygote that fork new processes like the system server. It also discusses the runtime environment and how layers like applications, services and native processes interact using the Java Native Interface (JNI) and IPC mechanisms.

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    1-Android Internals 10305904 - Nimit

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous igVRM2mA6k
    66 views36 pages
    The document discusses key components of the Android system architecture. It describes how the Android kernel is based on the Linux kernel and enhanced with drivers like Binder for inter-process communication (IPC). It explains the startup process where the kernel initializes and loads processes like zygote that fork new processes like the system server. It also discusses the runtime environment and how layers like applications, services and native processes interact using the Java Native Interface (JNI) and IPC mechanisms.

    Original Description:

    Android Internals for driver and IPC binder driver uses in the Android Stack

    Original Title

    1-Android Internals 10305904_nimit

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    The document discusses key components of the Android system architecture. It describes how the Android kernel is based on the Linux kernel and enhanced with drivers like Binder for inter-process communication (IPC). It explains the startup process where the kernel initializes and loads processes like zygote that fork new processes like the system server. It also discusses the runtime environment and how layers like applications, services and native processes interact using the Java Native Interface (JNI) and IPC mechanisms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    66 views36 pages

    1-Android Internals 10305904 - Nimit

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous igVRM2mA6k
    The document discusses key components of the Android system architecture. It describes how the Android kernel is based on the Linux kernel and enhanced with drivers like Binder for inter-process communication (IPC). It explains the startup process where the kernel initializes and loads processes like zygote that fork new processes like the system server. It also discusses the runtime environment and how layers like applications, services and native processes interact using the Java Native Interface (JNI) and IPC mechanisms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 36

    Android Internals

    Nimit Kalaria
    M.Tech CSE,
    Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
    3rd March 2013

    Contents
    Android Kernel
    Runtime Walkthrough
    Zygote

    Binder (IPC) Driver


    Layer Interaction
    JNI

    Android Kernel
    Why Linux Kernel ?
    Good memory and process
    management
    Permission-based security model
    Proven driver model
    Support for shared libraries
    Provide core system services

    Enhancements to Linux Kernel


    Binder (IPC) Driver

    Ashmem ( Android shared memory


    driver )
    Alarm Driver and Logger

    Power Management
    Low Memory Killer

    Contents
    Android Kernel
    Runtime Walkthrough
    Zygote

    Binder (IPC) Driver


    Layer Interaction
    JNI

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Similar to Linux based system
    Boot-loader loads the Linux kernel

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Kernel
    Initializes environment
    Mounts root file system
    Starts the Init process

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Init starts daemons

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Init starts the zygote process
    Initializes a Dalvik VM instance
    Links all core libraries and share it
    Use copy-on-write

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Init starts runtime process
    Initializes Service Manager
    Context manager for Binder

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Forks a new Dalvik VM
    Start system server

    Runtime Walkthrough
    Start native services
    Surface and Audio Flinger

    Image is taken from : https://sites.google.com/site/io/anatomy--physiology-of-an-android

    Runtime Walkthrough

    Image is taken from : https://sites.google.com/site/io/anatomy--physiology-of-an-android

    Image is taken from : https://sites.google.com/site/io/anatomy--physiology-of-an-android

    Image is taken from : https://sites.google.com/site/io/anatomy--physiology-of-an-android

    Contents
    Android Kernel
    Runtime Walkthrough
    Zygote

    Binder (IPC) Driver


    Layer Interaction
    JNI

    Inter-Process
    Communication(IPC)
    What is IPC?
    Exchanges data with another
    process

    Why IPC?

    Owns address space


    Provides data isolation
    Avoids direct interaction

    IPC Mechanisms
    Linux
    Signal
    Pipe
    Socket
    Semaphore
    Message Queue
    Shared Memory

    IPC Mechanisms
    Android
    Binder : Lightweight RPC (Remote
    Procedure Call) mechanism

    IPC Mechanisms
    Problems with old IPC
    Mechanisms
    Separate processes
    Security holes

    IPC Mechanisms
    Solution
    Driver
    Shared memory
    Per-process thread pool
    Synchronous

    Binder with Service Manager

    Binder in Transaction

    Image is taken from : http://www.slideshare.net/jserv/android-ipc-mechanism

    Limitation of Binder
    Not ideal for transferring
    large data
    Data has to be converted into
    Parcel

    Contents
    Android Kernel
    Runtime Walkthrough
    Zygote

    Binder (IPC) Driver


    Layer Interaction
    JNI

    Layer Interaction
    Application Runtime Service
    lib
    Application Runtime Service
    Native Service lib
    Application Runtime Service
    Native Daemon lib
    Depends on type of application,
    and type of native library.

    Java Native Interface(JNI)


    Bridge between Application
    framework layer and Libraries.
    Call gate for languages, like C or
    C++

    Runtime
    Service

    Example:
    Runtime
    Service

    Native
    Service

    Example:
    Native
    Service

    Native
    Daemon

    Example:
    Native
    Daemon

    Image is taken from : https://events.linuxfoundation.org/.../abs2011_yaghmour_internals.ppt

    References
    A Survey on Android vs. Linux, Frank Maker1 and
    Yu-Hsuan Chan

    Android Interprocess Communication By, Thorsten


    Schreiber
    Android Devlopers Team, http://developer.
    android.com/guide/basics/what-is-android.html
    [Online; accessed on 25-02-2013]
    Patrick Brady, https://sites.google.com/site/io/
    anatomy--physiology-of-an-android [Online;
    accessed on 25-02-2013]

    References
    Jim Huang, http://www.slideshare.net
    /jserv/android-ipc-mechanism [Online; accessed on
    25-02-2013]

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