Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1K views

    Efflorescence in The Skin

    Uploaded by

    Ezyan Syamin
    This document defines and describes various primary skin lesions and secondary skin changes. It defines macules, patches, papules, plaques, nodules, vesicles, bullae, and pustules as primary skin lesions characterized by changes in color, elevation, or fluid-filled blisters. Secondary skin changes include scale, crust, fissures, lichenification, excoriation, erosion, ulcers, induration, atrophy, and scars. The document provides details on the morphology, size, appearance and example diseases for each skin lesion and secondary change.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Efflorescence in The Skin

    Uploaded by

    Ezyan Syamin
    1K views7 pages
    This document defines and describes various primary skin lesions and secondary skin changes. It defines macules, patches, papules, plaques, nodules, vesicles, bullae, and pustules as primary skin lesions characterized by changes in color, elevation, or fluid-filled blisters. Secondary skin changes include scale, crust, fissures, lichenification, excoriation, erosion, ulcers, induration, atrophy, and scars. The document provides details on the morphology, size, appearance and example diseases for each skin lesion and secondary change.

    Original Description:

    kulkel

    Original Title

    Efflorescence in the Skin

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document defines and describes various primary skin lesions and secondary skin changes. It defines macules, patches, papules, plaques, nodules, vesicles, bullae, and pustules as primary skin lesions characterized by changes in color, elevation, or fluid-filled blisters. Secondary skin changes include scale, crust, fissures, lichenification, excoriation, erosion, ulcers, induration, atrophy, and scars. The document provides details on the morphology, size, appearance and example diseases for each skin lesion and secondary change.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views7 pages

    Efflorescence in The Skin

    Uploaded by

    Ezyan Syamin
    This document defines and describes various primary skin lesions and secondary skin changes. It defines macules, patches, papules, plaques, nodules, vesicles, bullae, and pustules as primary skin lesions characterized by changes in color, elevation, or fluid-filled blisters. Secondary skin changes include scale, crust, fissures, lichenification, excoriation, erosion, ulcers, induration, atrophy, and scars. The document provides details on the morphology, size, appearance and example diseases for each skin lesion and secondary change.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    EFFLORESCENCE IN THE SKIN

    PRIMARY LESIONS
    MORPHOLOGY
    MACULE

    NOTE
    A macule is a change in surface color, without elevation or
    depression and, therefore, no palpable, well or ill-defined,
    variously sized, but generally considered less than either 5 or
    10mm in diameter at the widest point.

    EXTRA NOTE
    flat circumscribed area of discoloration < 1 cm
    Skin colour changes w.o elevation/depression

    HYPERPIGMENTATION

    PATCH

    A patch is a large macule equal to or greater than either 5 or


    10mm, depending on one's definition of a macule. Patches may
    have some subtle surface change, such as a fine scale or
    wrinkling, but although the consistency of the surface is changed,
    the lesion itself is not palpable.

    HIPOPIGMENTATION
    A large macules 1 cm in diameter
    DISEASE
    Melasma
    Hypopig post inflammation
    Pityriasis versicolor
    Pityriasis alba
    Erythematous macule

    HYPERPIGMENTION

    1|P ag e

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    PAPULE

    A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible


    fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to either less than 5 or 10mm
    in diameter at the widest point.
    Circumscribed, solid elevation, no visible fluid Variously in size
    from pinhead to 1 cm DISEASE Acne vulgaris - Roseacea

    PLAQUE

    A plaque has been described as a broad papule, or confluence of


    papules equal to or greater than 1 cm, or alternatively as an
    elevated, plateau-like lesion that is greater in its diameter than in
    its depth.

    NODULE

    A nodule is morphologically similar to a papule, but is greater


    than either 5 or 10mm in both width and depth, and most
    frequently centered in the dermis or subcutaneous fat. The depth
    of involvement is what differentiates a nodule from a papule.

    PAPULES MILIER

    PAPULES LENTIKULER
    A broad papules (confluence of papule) 1 cm in
    diameter

    Morphologically similar papule > 1 cm in diameter

    Circumscribed palpable mass


    2|P ag e

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    VESICLE

    A vesicle is a circumscribed, fluid-containing, epidermal elevation


    generally considered less than either 5 or 10mm in diameter at
    the widest point.

    Vesikel milier
    BULLA

    Variously, circumscribed Fluid-filled lesion (blister), < 0,5


    cm

    Maybe pale or yellow serous exudate or Red from serum


    mixed wirh blood

    Vesikel lentikuler

    A bulla is a large vesicle described as a rounded or irregularly


    shaped blister containing serous or seropurulent fluid, equal to or
    greater than either 5 or 10mm, depending on one's definition of a
    vesicle.

    Variously, circumscribed Fluid-filled lesion > 0.5 .


    DIASEASE - varicella,herpes zoster

    Flaccid bullae in pemphigus vulgaris

    Tense bullae in pemphigoid bullous

    PUSTULE

    3|P ag e

    A pustule is a small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or


    purulent material usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory
    cells. These can be either white or red.

    Vesicel with pus inside.DIASEASE- Furuncle

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    TUMOR

    ALL THINGS WITH GROWTH : EPIDERMAL, DERMAL/SUBCUTAN &


    MELANOSIT
    Soft or firm & freely moveable/fixed mass of various size &
    shape(>2 cm )
    -

    CYST
    EROSION
    ULCER
    FISSURE
    WHEAL
    TELANGIECTASIA
    BURROW

    Veruca vulgaris

    -Keratosis seboroik

    ENLARGEMENT WITH ELEVATION IN THE SKIN SURFACE

    A cyst is an epithelial-lined cavity containing liquid, semi-solid, or solid material.


    Erosion is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the epidermis a lesion that is moist, circumscribed, and
    usually depressed.
    An ulcer is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even
    subcutaneous fat.
    A fissure is a crack in the skin that is usually narrow but deep.
    A wheal is a rounded or flat-topped, pale red papule or plaque that is characteristically evanescent, disappearing within 24 to
    48 hour.
    A telangiectasia represents an enlargement of superficial blood vessels to the point of being visible.
    A burrow appears as a slightly elevated, grayish, tortuous line in the skin, and is caused by burrowing organisms.

    SECONDARY LESION
    MORPHOLOGY
    SCALE

    4|P ag e

    NOTE
    Dry or greasy laminated masses of keratin that represent
    thickened stratum corneum.

    EXTRA NOTE
    Str corneum release from the skin
    Pityriasiform (soft n small)
    Psoriasiform (layers)
    Ichtyiosiform (fish scale)
    Culiculer (thin)
    Lamelar (sheets)
    -A dry, horny build-up of dead skin cells that often flakes
    off the surface of the skin. Diseases that promote scale
    include fungal infections, psoriasis, seborrheic
    dermatitis, and iktiosis vulgaris.

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    CRUST

    FISSURA

    Dried serum, pus, or blood usually mixed with epithelial and


    sometimes bacterial debris.

    Thin linear scracth in the dermis. Example diasease tinea pedis

    LICHENIFICATION Epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable


    thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings.

    EXCORIATION

    5|P ag e

    Collection of dried exudate consisting of serum, debris &


    pus cells

    A punctate or linear abrasion produced by mechanical means


    (often scratching), usually involving only the epidermis but not
    uncommonly reaching the papillary dermis.

    Rough, thick epidermis with exaggerated skin


    lines.

    This is often a characteristic of scratch dermatitis


    and atopic dermatitis.

    The traumatic deeper until the point of papil


    Shows serum and blood (bleedy)

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    EROTION

    ULCER

    INDURATION
    ATROPHY

    SCAR

    6|P ag e

    Serum release from the skin, the process just in.The stratum
    basal so not bleedy.

    Loss of epidermis and part of dermis. Example diasease


    Basalioma

    Dermal thickening causing the cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer.
    Refers to a loss of tissue, and can be epidermal, dermal, or
    An area of skin that has become very thin and
    subcutaneous. With epidermal atrophy, the skin appears thin,
    wrinkled.
    translucent, and wrinkled. Dermal or subcutaneous atrophy is
    Normally seen in older individuals and people
    represented by depression of the skin
    who are using very strong topical corticosteroid
    medication.

    Collagenous tissues that permanently replace injured dermis

    Scars appear over healed wounds and surgical incisions.

    Typically irregular, they may be thick or thin and hypertrophic or atrophic. Red, blue, white, and silver are common
    colors for scars

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    Mechanisms of formation of rashes

    7|P ag e

    OLiVEr 1439 (^L^) @copyright by DAnke 10 sPecial Sense

    You might also like