Welcome

Trane: the rotary compressor

technology
.TRANE is in the rotary compressor
business since 1938 : Turbovac
.1987 introduction of Scroll and
Screw compressors
.December 1996 phase out of recip
compressors

Refrigeration compressor
Compressor Types

Reciprocating

Helical-rotary

Scroll

Centrifugal

Refrigeration cycle

Refrigerant Cycle

Condenser
Compressor

EXV

Oil separator

Evaporator

Refrigerant Cycle

Pressure

60C (140F)
50C (122F)
40C (104F)

4C (40F)

Enthalpy

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

1
Enthalpy

Refrigerant Cycle

Pressure

Enthalpy

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

Enthalpy

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

4 3

4
Enthalpy

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

5
Enthalpy

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

6
Enthalpy

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

1
5

6 1
Enthalpy

Compressor ...
Reciprocating
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

Reciprocating Compressor
intake
stroke

Reciprocating Compressor
compression
stroke

Reciprocating Compressor

Reciprocating Compressor

10

Compressor ...
Helical Rotors
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

compressor...

Helical Rotors

11

compressor...

Helical Rotors

compressor...

Helical Rotors

12

compressor...

Helical Rotors

compressor...

Helical Rotors

13

compressor...

Helical Rotors

compressor...

Helical Rotors

14

compressor...

Helical Rotors

Slide Valve

15

slide valve position...

Full Load

slide valve position...

Part Load

16

compressor capacity control...

Unloading

Compressor ...
Centrifugal
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

17

CVGF Compressor
Motor
Shaft

Rotor
motor

Motor
Housing

Stator
motor
Discharge
Volute
Motor
Terminal

Suction
Cover

2 Stages
2 IGV sets linked toegether
10 440 RPM

Centrifugal Compressor

18

Centrifugal Compressor

Inlet Vanes

19

Compressor ...
Scroll
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

THE SPIRALS

20

PRINCIPLE

1st REVOLUTION (phase 0 - 0)

21

1st REVOLUTION (phase 1 -120)

SUCTION

1st REVOLUTION (phase 2 -240)

SUCTION

22

1st REVOLUTION (phase 3 -360)

SUCTION

2nd REVOLUTION (phase 1 -120)

COMPRESSION

23

2nd REVOLUTION (phase 2 -240)

COMPRESSION

2nd REVOLUTION (phase 3 -360)

COMPRESSION

24

3rd REVOLUTION (phase 1 -120)

DISCHARGE PORT

DISCHARGE

3rd REVOLUTION (phase 2 -240)

DISCHARGE

25

3rd REVOLUTION (phase 3 -360)

DISCHARGE

The 3 phases occur simultaneously

SUCTION
1
2
3

DISCHARGE

COMPRESSION

26

Introduction

CGAN

Cooling only

CXAN

Reversible

Refrigerant Cycle
CGAN - Cooling Only

Compressors
Condenser

Filter drier

EXV

Evaporator

27

Refrigerant Cycle
CXAN - Cooling Mode
Filter
drier
Compressors

Condenser

Liquid
receiver

Reversing valve

EXV

Evaporator

Refrigerant Cycle
CXAN - Heating Mode
Filter
Compressors

Evaporator

Liquid
receiver

Reversing valve

EXV

Condenser

28

Refrigerant Cycle
Enthalpy Chart
R407C (HFC)
23% R32
25% R125
52% R134a

Glide

Zeotropic blend = glide

Refrigeration effect

Compressor
Large discharge gas volume
for lower pressure pulsation
Cast iron fixed and orbiting
scroll
Journal bearing

Discharge
opening

Motor

Oil sump

Suction
opening

29

Expansion Valve
Thermostatic
element

Cutaway
A
Bulb with
capillary
Pressure balance
chamber
Setting
spindle

Flow direction
Cooling : A B
Heating : B A

Pilot port
Cap

Plate Heat Exchanger

Product description
Swep brazed plate heat exchanger
Stainless AISI 316
Max pressure 31 bar
1 pass
Counter flow

30

Plate Heat Exchanger

Model

out

V4
5

out

in

in

out

in

Refri Ckt 2

Water

Refri Ckt 1

in

Water

Refri Ckt

out

DV5
7

ou
t

in

Plate Heat Exchanger

DV channel plate arrangement
A

Exchanger at full load

What happens if you cut Ckt 1 ? If you run only Ckt 1 ?

31

Reversing Valve
Product description
Ranco reversing valve and solenoid coil
4 way pilot valve
Size
VH1 and VH2

Reversing Valve
De-energised position - Cooling
Comp discharge

Comp suction
From the PHE

To the coil

32

Reversing Valve
Energised position - Heating
Comp discharge

Comp suction
To the PHE

From the coil

Key Features
Heat Pump Control

33

Compressor
Terminal stud

Suction filter

Female
rotor
Discharge check valve

Rotor

Female step
unloading
Stator

Roller bearing

Male unloading valve

Oil filter

Male
rotor

Compressor
Electrical
Motor

3 phases 2 poles
Star-Delta
Rotor bolt and keyed

34

Electronic Expansion Valve

EXV internal view
6386 steps of control
Stepper
motor

200 steps per seconds

Gear train
Lead screw
Piston assembly

Evaporator
Refrigerant Outlet

Refrigerant Inlet Ckt 1 and

2

Chilled Water Outlet

Chilled Water Inlet

35

Evaporator
Heat Transfer
Separate circuit
Number of tubes and
baffles based on cooling
capacity
W
er
at

IF tube - internally
enhanced

Condenser
Cooling Water Outlet

Refrigerant Inlet Ckt 1

and 2

Cooling Water Inlet

Refrigerant outlet Ckt 1 and

2

36

Condenser
Heat Transfer
Separate circuit
Number of tubes based on
cooling capacity

Refrigerant

GEWA C tube - externally

and internally enhanced

Heat Pump Application

Natural Heat Source

Building
load

Groundwater

37

Heat Pump Application

Sidestream Arrangement

Sidestream position

Distribution / Production

RTWB
Compresseur
Hlirotor

Condenseur avec
sous-refroidisseur
intgr

Contrle
auto-adaptatif
Sparateur
dhuile
Dtendeur
lectronique
vaporateur
dtente directe

38

Overview

UCM CLD

STARTER PANEL
(Star/Delta as Standard)

OIL SEPARATORS

Overview
New helirotor GP2 comp

Tube in Shell CONDENSER

EXV s

Tube in Shell EVAPORATOR

39

Refrigerant Cycle

Condenser

Compressor

EXV

Oil separator

DX Evaporator

2
3
4
6

Pressure

Refrigerant Cycle

1
5

6 1
Enthalpy

40

Control Options
Pressure gauges

- the saturating refg pressures can also be read

on the CLD.

Running and Alarm Contacts (standard)

CSR card for:
- Reset of setpoints with analogic signal :
LCHWT or Current Limit
- Ice making control
- Control on LCondWTfor HR applications

Heat Pump Control

+
Heat Pump Module

UCM CSR module

Leaving condenser water temperature sensor

41

Unit System Description

Heat
Pump
Module

Heat
Pump
Module
Front

Back

Heat Pump Control

LCHWT sensor

LCondWT sensor

Heat Pump Module

Ext CW
setpt

Limits

4-20mA signal

Controller

Controller

Heating
setpoint

Unload
Load

UCM
Continuous reset to match heating load

42

Unit System Description

Leaving Condenser Control - Heating Mode
LEW sensor

LCW sensor

Ext CW
setpt

Heat Pump Module

Limits

4-20mA signal

Controller

Controller

Heating
setpoint

Unload
Load

UCM
Continuously reseted to match heating load

Unit System Description

Leaving Evaporator Control - Cooling Mode
LEW sensor

Heat Pump Module

Ext CW
setpt

Limits

4-20mA signal

Controller

Cooling
setpoint

Unload
Load

UCM
Proportional to cooling setpoint

43

Questions ?

RTAD Heat recovery

44

RTAD Heat Recovery

Countries / Applications
South Half of Europe /
Mediterranean region
All Applications with
moderate heating demand + high
number of operating hours
low heating demand + moderate
number of operating hours
Example = Hotels, office
buildings

RTAD Heat Recovery

2 options
PHR

P = Partial Heat Recovery

Cost competitive
Expected to meet hotel applications demand
T = Total Heat Recovery

THR
significant cost reduction vs. RTAA HR design
Replace RTAA HR + extended range

45

Refrigeration Cycle /
Desurperheater
Press

Compressor

15-20% (R22) to 5-10%

(R407C/R134a) Heat
Recovered (Sensible heat
only)

Oil separator

Condense
r

Evaporator
EXV

Subcool
.

Desuperheating only = was proposed with R22 (high discharge temp.) / not effective with HFCs
(discharge temp. Is too low)
low)
91

Refrigeration Cycle / Partial

Heat Recovery RTAD-PHR
Press

Compressor

Approximately 20% of
cooling capacity
recovered (latent heat)

Oil separator

Condenser
Evaporator
EXV

Subcool
.

Partial Heat Recovery = no control of condensing temperature

Capacity = function (Ambient Temp)

92

46

Refrigeration Cycle / Total

Heat Recovery RTAD-THR

Approximately 80% of cooling

capacity recovered (latent heat)

Press

Compressor

Oil separator

Condenser
Evaporator
EXV

H
Subcool
.

Total Heat Recovery = condensing temperature is monitored

Capacity = partially independent of Ambient Temp (still
(still radiation losses)
losses)
93

Refrigeration Cycle / Total

Heat Recovery RTAD-THR

Heat losses due to sub-cooling +

radiation loss in condenser under
low ambient conditions

Press

Compressor

Oil separator

Condenser
Evaporator

EXV

Subcool
.

Total Heat Recovery = condensing temperature is monitored

Capacity = partially independent of Ambient Temp (still
(still radiation losses)
losses)

94

47

Refrigeration Cycle / Total

Heat Recovery RTAA-HR

Heat losses due to

sub-cooling only

Press
HR CONDENSER
(w/o subcooler)

Condenser

Compressor

Oil
separator
Subcool.

RECEIVER

Evaporator

EXV

95

RTAD PHR + THR

Description

48

RTAD PHR

2 Victaulic connections
Water manifold
Thermal insulation
Temperature sensors (reading on
UCM display)

Installation

RTAD THR Concept

Design

The 3-way valve is

selected and supplied by
Trane in order to

Hot Water to
the Buildi ng
52C

Air Cooled

- modulate the hot water

temperature

Circulating
pum p

- use a variable speed

pump (0-10V signal
provided as standard)
- negative option = 3 way
valve not supplied

Subcooler
HR heat
exchanger

- guarantee trouble free

operation, including with
cold start
Other possibility :

Condenser

3-Ways v alve

Cold water
form city
netwo rk

Helical Rot ary

Compressor
ExV

Evaporator

In

Chilled Water

O ut

49

The Trane Screw

compressor benefits

TRANE Screw compressor

benefits
More than 90,000 compressors in operation
world wide
Only 2 moving parts
Hermetic design
Direct driven - No gears
Continuous capacity control
Unique 5/7 lobes rotor profile
99.7% Reliability in the 1st yr

50

Trane Series R
Chillers
Reliable Trane Helical
Rotary Compressors
Adaptive Controls
Exact load matching
Energy Efficient

Reliability
FEW MOVING PARTS
only three major moving
parts in compressor
Direct Drive
Low Speed
3,000 rpm 50 Hz

51

Compressor
The new GP2 compressor:
Direct Drive
4 moving parts
High reliability rate
No oil pump

Ease of
installation

52

Ease of installation
Fits through a
standard doublewidth door
Excellent choice for
retrofit and
replacement jobs due
to its compact size

Ease of installation
Fully charged with
refrigerant and oil
from factory
Factory testing
programs ensure a
faster, trouble free
start up at the job
site.

53

Ease of installation

All units are factory tested

Intelligent
Control

54

Intelligent Control
Adaptive Control logic takes
corrective action to keep the
chiller safely on-line making cold
water where other chillers would
trip off

Temp

off
t
u
Sh
r
to
eti
p
m
co

trip point

Trane Adaptive
Control
TM

Time

Intelligent Control
UCP2 and CH530
controller provides
over 120 diagnostics
and operating points
Standard report
groupings
Custom report that
can be user-tailored

55

Intelligent Control
Multi-language
display capabilities
to serve the needs
of worldwide
markets

Energy
Efficiency

56

Energy Efficiency
Most efficient helical
rotary chiller
available
> 7.0 kW/kW elec.
selections

Energy Efficiency
Advanced heat
transfer surfaces
Falling film concept

57

FALLING FILM CONCEPT

Vapor to
Suction

Liquid Feed From

Liquid Separator

Liquid Refrigerant Flows

Around Outer Perimeter
of Tube
4
Vapor Returns Through
the Area Between the
Rows
O
Excess Liquid Pools @
Bottom of Evaporator
Advantages:
Requires Less
Refrigerant
Better Heat Transfer
w/ 134a
Trane owns the Patent
Oil & Refrigerant Mix
About 10% to 15%
Oil

Energy Efficiency
Electronic Expansion
Valve (EXV)
optimizes energy
savings

58

Energy Efficiency
100

Step Unloading

90

Infinite Unloading

80

% Full Load KW Input

Smooth, stepless
unloading
saves energy
and increases
occupant
comfort by
exactly
matching the
building load.

typical part load performance

Unnecessary Energy

70
60
50
40
30
20
10

% Full Load Capacity

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90 100

I.P.L.V.

59

Energy Efficiency
Higher Efficiency
=
Savings

Building Automation System

60

Tracer Summit
Trane Integrated Comfort

Systems =

+
Building automation system

Factory-mounted unit controllers

Tracer Summit Chiller Plant Control

Optimize efficiency by
matching chiller
capacity to the building
load
Coordinate pumps,
VFDs, and cooling
towers
Rotate chiller operation
to equalize run-time
Controls both Trane
and non-Trane chillers

61

SUMMER
EVAPORATOR
RTXA cooling mode

EVAPORATOR
RTAA HR
HR CDS

With the use of one

RTXA and one
RTAA HR, the two
chillers are able to
produce at the same
time a high amount of
chilled water and
ensure the supply of
hot water.

WINTER
In winter the RTXA
supplies the hot water.
At the same time the
RTAA HR can supply
chilled water when
needed and some
additional hot water.

CONDENSER
RTXA heating mode

EVAPORATOR
RTAA HR
HR CDS

62

SUMMER
EVAPORATOR
RTXA cooling mode

EVAPORATOR
RTAA HR
HR CDS

WINTER
CONDENSER
RTXA heating mode

EVAPORATOR
RTAA HR
HR CDS

Air cooled and

water cooled ranges

63

RTAC - The New Helical

Rotary Air Cooled Chiller
RTAC : Meets environmental
requirements of the next
decade
High COP
minimum TEWI impact
Environmental friendly
refrigerant
Low refrigerant charge
Quiet operation

RTAC - The New Helical

Rotary Air Cooled Chiller
Capacities:
Cooling capacity range = 400 to 1500 kW
13 Sizes
7 sizes with 2 compressors
3 sizes with 3 compressors
3 sizes with 4 compressors

64

RTAD - The New Helical

Rotary Air Cooled Chiller
Capacities:
Cooling capacity range = 250 to 450 kW
4 sizes :
85 - 100 - 115 - 125
All with 2 circuits
R134a

RTWB - The New Helical

Rotary Water Cooled Chiller
Capacities:
Cooling capacity range 200 - 700 kW
2 refrigeration circuits
Compact, easy to install
R134a
Optional Capacity Control
on the condenser water
temperature. (for heat pump
application)

65

RTHC - The Helical

Rotary Water Cooled Chiller
Capacities:
Cooling capacity range 550 - 1600 kW
2nd generation of Helical Rotary
compressors
High energy efficiency
COP 7.0 kW/kW
Low refrigerant charge
Quiet operation

CVGF - The New Centrifugal

Water Cooled Chiller
Capacities:
Cooling capacity range 1400 - 4000 kW
2 compression stages for more
stable operation at part load.
Economiser cycle, motor
cooled by liquid refrigerant.
High energy efficiency.

66

Scroll ranges

Types of chillers
AIR COOLED
CGAN/CXAN

WATER COOLED
CGCL

CGWH

67

Complete and homogeneous range

Ozone friendly HFC

Chlorine-free
Cooling-only and reversible
Units optimized for R407C

Easy to install
Remote control possibilities

Remote On/Off
per circuit

External water temperature

setpoint reset
Water
setpoint

Auxiliary
setpoint

Cooling/heating
switch
Ambient

Circuit 1 fault

temperature

Circuit 2 fault

68

Efficient
Scroll technology
Fewer moving parts:
64 % less than
reciprocating compressors
Optimized:
suction
discharge
oil distribution
Decreased pressure losses
Higher volumetric efficiencies

Efficient
Water heat exchanger

Brazed plate heat exchangers

with distributors

Entering
water
temp.

2 imbricated circuits
(dual circuit units)

Leaving
R407C
temp.

Counterflow
Excellent approach (2C)

Leaving
water
temp.
Entering
R407C
temp.

Low water pressure drop

69

Efficient
Water heat exchanger
Water in

More stable leaving water

temperature

Circuit
1

Circuit
2

Better part load operation

Less freezing risk at part load

Water out

Rooftops

70

Rooftop range overview

Flexibility
Multiple heating choice

Heat pump
Gas burner
Electrical heater
Hot water coil + 3-way valve

71

Typical Water Cooled System

Cooling Tower

Air Conditioning
Unit

Cooling
Tower

Thank you for

your attention

72