Electronics Final PDF
Electronics Final PDF
Electronics Final PDF
Electronics
Curriculum
Revised /
Reviewed
NCRC, NAVTTC
Adapted by TEVTA
(2014-15)
T
1
2
3
1
1
1
3
2
0
0
P
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
3
6
3
C
1
2
3
2
2
2
4
3
2
1
Total
SECOND YEAR
Gen 211
Islamiat & Pak Studies
Math 233
Applied Mathematics-II
Coms 211
Communication Skills
El.TR 212(Rev.)Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves
El.TR 225
Analog Electronics
El.TR 233(Rev.)Electrical Instruments & Measurements
El.TR 243(Rev.)Electrical Machines
El.TR 253
Communication Systems
El.TR 264
Digital Electronics
El.TR 271
PCB Fabrication
Total
14
24
22
1
3
1
2
3
2
2
2
3
0
19
0
0
0
0
6
3
3
3
3
3
21
1
3
1
2
5
3
3
3
4
1
26
1
1
1
3
1
0
2
2
2
13
0
0
0
3
6
6
3
3
3
24
1
1
1
4
3
2
3
3
3
21
THIRD YEAR
Gen 311
Islamiat & Pak Studies
Mgm 311
Industrial Management & Human Relations
OSHE 311
Occupational Safety, Health and Environment
El.TR 314
Computer Architecture
El.TR 323 Equipment Maintenance & Servicing
El.TR 332
Project
El.TR 343
Industrial Electronics
El.TR 353
Power Electronics
El.TR 363
Microcontroller Programming and Applications
Total
-4
**********
10
Eng-112
ENGLISH
64
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2
AIMS At the end of the course, the students will be equipped with cognitive skill to enable them to
present facts in a systematic and logical manner to meet the language demands of dynamic field
of commerce and industry for functional day-to-day use and will inculcate skills of reading,
writing and comprehension.
COURSE CONTENTS
ENGLISH PAPER "A"
1
PROSE/TEXT
1.1
First eight essays of Intermediate English Book-II
16 hours
CLOZE TEST
4 hours
2.1
A passage comprising 50-100 words will be selected from the text. Every 11th word or
any word for that matter will be omitted. The number of missing word will range
between 5-10. The chosen word may or may not be the one used in the text, but it
should be an appropriate word.
GRAMMAR
3.1
Sentence Structure.
3.2
Tenses.
3.3
Parts of speech.
3.4
Punctuation.
3.5
Change of Narration.
3.6
One word for several
3.7
Words often confused
26 hours
4.
COMPOSITION
4.1
Letters/Messages
4.2
Job application letter
4.3
For character certificate/for grant of scholarship
4.4
Telegrams, Cablegrams and Radiograms, Telexes, Facsimiles
4.5
Essay writing
4.6
Technical Education, Science and Our life, Computers, Environmental
Pollution, Duties of a Student.
5.
TRANSLATION
5.1
Translation from Urdu into English.
For Foreign Students: A paragraph or a dialogue.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1.
Intermediate English Book-II.
2.
An English Grammar and Composition of Intermediate Level.
3.
A Hand Book of English Students By Gatherer.
11
8 hours
10 hours
Eng-112
ENGLISH
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
PAPER-A
1.
2.
PAPER-B
3.
APPLY THE RULES OF GRAMMAR IN WRITING AND SPEAKING
3.1
Use rules of grammar to construct meaningful sentences containing a subject and a
predicate.
3.2
State classification of time, i.e. present, past and future and use verb tense correctly in
different forms to denote relevant time.
3.3
Identify function words and content words.
3.4
Use marks of punctuation to make sense clear.
3.5
Relate what a person says in direct and indirect forms.
3.6
Compose his writings.
3.7
Distinguish between confusing words.
4.
5.
12
Math-123
APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I
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QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
1.1
Standard Form
1.2
Solution
1.3
Nature of roots
1.4
Sum & Product of roots
1.5
Formation
1.6
Problems
6 Hours
2.
BINOMIAL THEOREM
2.1
Factorials
2.2
Binomial Expression
2.3
Binomial Co-efficient
2.4
Statement
2.5
The General Term
2.6
The Binomial Series
2.7
Problems.
6 Hours
3.
PARTIAL FRACTIONS
3.1
Introduction
3.2
Linear Distinct Factors Case I
3.3
Linear Repeated Factors
Case II
3.4
Quadratic Distinct Factors
Case III
3.5
Quadratic Repeated Factors Case IV
3.6
Problems
6 Hours
4.
FUNDAMENTALS OF TRIGONOMETRY
6 Hours
4.1
Angles
4.2
Quadrants
4.3
Measurements of Angles
4.4
Relation between Sexagesimal & circular system
4.5
Relation between Length of a Circular Arc & the Radian Measure of its central Angle
4.6
Problems
5.
6 Hours
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6.
GENERAL IDENTITIES
6.1
The Fundamental Law
6.2
Deductions
6.3
Sum & Difference Formulae
6.4
Double Angle Identities
6.5
Half Angle Identities
6.6
Conversion of sum or difference to products
6.7
Problems
6 Hours
7.
SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES
7.1
The law of Sines
7.2
The law of Cosines
7.3
Measurement of Heights & Distances
7.4
Problems
6 Hours
8.
9.
COMPLEX NUMBERS
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
10.
12 Hours
9 Hours
15 Hours
10.8
10.9
11.
6 Hours
12.
6 Hours
13.
6 Hr.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1.
Ghulam Yasin Minhas, Technical Mathematics Vol I, Ilmi Kitab Khana, Lahore
2.
Riaz Ali Khan, Polytechnic Mathematics Series Vol- I and Vol -II, Majeed Sons,
Faisalabad.
3.
Sana Ullah Bhatti, A Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry, Punjab Text Book Board,
Lahore
4.
Sana Ullah Bhatti, A Text Book of Analytic Geometry and Calculus, Punjab Text Book
Board, Lahore
15
Math-123
APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
right triangle.
Derive fundamental identities.
Find trigonometric ratios of particular angles.
Draw the graph of trigonometric functions.
Solve problems involving trigonometric functions.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
TECHNOLOGICAL
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
11.
12.
13.
18
Phy-122
APPLIED PHYSICS
T
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COURSE CONTENTS
1
MEASUREMENTS.
1.1
Fundamental units and derived units
1.2
Systems of measurement and S.I. units
1.3
Concept of dimensions, dimensional formula
1.4
Conversion from one system to another
1.5
Significant figures
2 Hours.
MOTION
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
4 Hours.
Review of laws and equations of motion
Law of conservation of momentum
Angular motion
Relation between linear and angular motion
Centripetal acceleration and force
Equations of angular motion
WAVE MOTION.
5.1
Review Hooke's law of elasticity
5.2
Motion under an elastic restoring force
5.3
Characteristics of simple harmonic motion
5.4
S.H.M. and circular motion
5.5
Simple pendulum
5.6
Wave form of S.H.M.
5.7
Resonance
5.8
Transverse vibration of a stretched string
19
5 Hours
SOUND.
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
LIGHT.
5 Hours
7.1
Review laws of reflection and refraction
7.2
Image formation by mirrors and lenses
7.3
Optical instruments
7.4
Wave theory of light
7.5
Interference, diffraction, polarization of light waves
7.6
Applications of polarization in sunglasses, optical activity and stress analysis
OPTICAL FIBER.
2 Hours
8.1
Optical communication and problems
8.2
Review total internal reflection and critical angle
8.3
Structure of optical fiber
8.4
Fiber material and manufacture
8.5
Optical fiber - uses.
LASERS.
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
9.10
9.11
9.12
9.13
9.14
5 Hrs
Longitudinal waves
Intensity, loudness, pitch and quality of sound
Units of Intensity of level and frequency response of ear
Interference of sound waves silence zones, beats
Acoustics
Doppler effect.
3 Hours
Corpuscular theory of light
Emission and absorption of light
Stimulated absorption and emission of light
Laser principle
Structure and working of lasers
Types of lasers with brief description.
Applications (basic concepts)
Material processing
Laser welding
Laser assisted machining
Micro machining
Drilling, scribing and marking
Printing
Lasers in medicine
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1
Tahir Hussain, Fundamentals of Physics Vol-I and II
2
Farid Khawaja, Fundamentals of Physics Vol-I and II
3
Wells and Slusher, Schaum's Series Physics .
4
Nelkon and Oyborn, Advanced Level Practical Physics
5
Mehboob Ilahi Malik and Inam-ul-Haq, Practical Physics
6
Wilson, Lasers - Principles and Applications
20
Phy-122
APPLIED PHYSICS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1
6.6
22
Phy-122
APPLIED PHYSICS
LIST OF PRACTICALS.
1
Draw graphs representing the functions:
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
a)
y=mx for m=0, 0.5, 1, 2
b)
y=x2
c)
y=1/x
Find the volume of a given solid cylinder using vernier callipers.
Find the area of cross-section of the given wire using micrometer screw gauge.
Prove that force is directly proportional to (a) mass, (b) acceleration, using fletchers' trolley.
Verify law of parallelogram of forces using Grave-sands apparatus.
Verify law of triangle of forces and Lami's theorem
Determine the weight of a given body using
a)
Law of parallelogram of forces
b)
Law of triangle of forces
c)
Lami's theorem
Verify law of polygon of forces using Grave-sands apparatus.
Locate the position and magnitude of resultant of like parallel forces.
Determine the resultant of two unlike parallel forces.
Find the weight of a given body using principle of moments.
Locate the centre of gravity of regular and irregular shaped bodies.
Find Young's Modules of Elasticity of a metallic wire.
Verify Hooke's Law using helical spring.
Study of frequency of stretched string with length.
Study of variation of frequency of stretched string with tension.
Study resonance of air column in resonance tube and find velocity of sound.
Find the frequency of the given tuning fork using resonance tube.
Find velocity of sound in rod by Kundt's tube.
Verify rectilinear propagation of light and study shadow formation.
Study effect of rotation of plane mirror on reflection.
Compare the refractive indices of given glass slabs.
Find focal length of concave mirror by locating centre of curvature.
Find focal length of concave mirror by object and image method
Find focal length of concave mirror with converging lens.
Find refractive index of glass by apparent depth.
Find refractive index of glass by spectrometer.
Find focal length of converging lens by plane mirror.
Find focal length of converging lens by displacement method.
Find focal length of diverging lense using converging lens.
Find focal length of diverging lens using concave mirror.
Find angular magnification of an astronomical telescope.
Find angular magnification of a simple microscope (magnifying glass)
Find angular magnification of a compound microscope.
Study working and structure of camera.
Study working and structure of sextant.
Compare the different scales of temperature and verify the conversion formula.
Determine the specific heat of lead shots.
Find the coefficient of linear expansion of a metallic rod.
Find the heat of fusion of ice.
Find the heat of vaporization.
Determine relative humidity using hygrometer.
23
Ch-132
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
T
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2
Pre-requisite: The student must have studied the subject of elective chemistry at Secondary school
level.
AIMS After studying this course a student will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
The scope and significance of the subject.
1.2
Orientation with reference to Technology.
1.3
Terms used & units of measurements in the study of chemistry.
2 Hours
2.
2 Hours
3.
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
3.1
Sub-atomic particles.
3.2
Bohrs Atomic Model.
3.3
The periodic classification of elements and periodic law
3.4
General characteristics of a period and group.
2 Hours
4.
CHEMICAL BOND
2 Hours
4.1
Nature of chemical Bond.
4.2
Electrovalent bond with examples.
4.3
Covalent Bond(Polar and Non-polar, sigma & Pi Bonds with examples.
4.4
Co-ordinate Bond with examples.
5.
6.
WATER
3 Hours
24
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
7.
2 Hours
8.
2 Hours
9.
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
9.1
Introduction.
9.2
Radioactivity (Alpha, beta and gamma rays).
9.3
Half life process.
9.4
Nuclear reaction & transformation of elements.
9.5
Isotopes and their uses.
2 Hours
10.
ALLOYS
10.1 Introduction with need.
10.2 Preparation and properties.
10.3 Some important alloys and their composition.
2 Hours
11.
CORROSION
11.1 Introduction with causes.
11.2 Types of corrosion.
11.3 Rusting of Iron
11.4 Protective measures against corrosion.
2 Hours
12.
ELECTRO CHEMISTRY
12.1 Ionization and Arrhenius theory of Ionization.
12.2 Electrolytes and Electrolysis.
12.3 Faraday's Laws and numericals related to them.
12.4 Application of Electrolysis (Electron, lathing etc).
12.5 Electro Chemical cells.
2 Hours
13.
2 Hours
25
14.
SEMI CONDUCTORS.
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Atomic structure of silicon and germanium.
14.3 Bonding & Conductivity.
14.4 Energy bands in a semiconductor.
2 Hours
15.
ETCHING PROCESS.
15.1 The process and its aims.
15.2 Etching reagents.
15.3 Applications of processors.
2 Hours
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1.
Intermediate Text-Books of chemistry I & II
2.
ILMI Applied Science by SH. Ata Mohammed
3.
Materials science by J.C.Anderson & Leaver.
4.
Polytechnic Chemistry by G.N.Ready (ELBS & Nelson, Hong Kong).
5.
Chemistry for engineers by Eric Gyngell.
26
Ch-132
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
Express hardness in different units like mg/litre. p.p.m, degrees Clark and degrees
French.
Describe the formation and nature of scales in boiler feed water.
Explain the method for the treatment of scales.
Explain the sewage treatment and desalination of sea water.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
12.5
12.6
13.
14.
15.
29
Comp-112
COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS
T
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C
2
(07 Hours)
2.
(02 Hours)
3.
C LANGUAGE.
3.1
Introduction to C.
3.2
Variables and Constants.
3.3.
Operators.
3.4
INPUT / OUTPUT statement
3.5
Assignment statement.
3.6
Decisions.
3.7
Loops.
3.8
Functions.
(10 Hours)
4.
Microsoft Excel
(06 Hours)
5.1
Inserting & Deleting Cells, Rows and Columns
5.2
Managing Worksheets
5.3
Formatting and customizing data
5.4
Use of Formulas and Functions (formatting numbers, decimal places, etc )
5.5
Drawing different types of charts
5.6
Use of page setup and printing configurations
5.7
Use of shortcuts
6.
Internet
(02 Hours)
6.1
Brief history of Internet
6.2
How Internet works
6.3
Internet Addressing schemes
6.4
WWW and Web browsing and use of URL
6.5
Search Engine / Proper use of search engine
6.6
What is E-mail ? create E-mail account and attachment of files with e-mail.
TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS.
1.
George Culp Instructional computing Fundamentals for IBM Microprocessors.
2.
The Turbo C Programming by Robert Lafore ISBN 067222738X (0-672-22738-X)
3.
Microsoft Office 2003 The Complete Reference by Jennifer Ackerman Kettell, Guy HartDavis, Curt Simmons
ISBN:
0072229950 904 pp.
31
Comp-112
COMPUTER Fundamentals
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
2.
3.
Understand C Language.
3.1
Introduce C Language
3.2
Differentiate between Variables and Constants.
3.3.
Discuss Operators.
3.4
Understand INPUT / OUTPUT statement
3.5
Understand Assignment statement.
3.6
Discuss Decisions.
3.7
Discuss Loops.
3.8
Describe Functions.
4.
5.
5.6
5.7
6.
Understand Internet
6.1
Discuss the brief history of Internet
6.2
Describe how Internet works
6.3
Describe Internet addressing schemes
6.4
Discuss WWW and Web browsing and use of URL
6.5
Discuss Search Engine
6.6
Describe the proper use of search engine
6.7
Define E-mail.
6.8
Discuss the process of creating E-mail account and attachment of files with
33
e-mail.
Comp-112
COMPUTER Fundamentals
LIST OF PRACTICALS
1. DOS
1. Identify key board, mouse, CPU, disk drive, Disks, Monitor & Printer.
2. Practice for booting up of a computer system with DOS system disk and power off
system at DOS prompt.
3. Practice for CLS, VER, VOL, DATE & TIME commands.
4. Practice for COPY, REN commands.
5. Practice for DEL, TYPE, PATH, PROMPT, COPY CON, MD, CD, RD Commands.
6. Practice of the practicals at S.No. 3, 4, 5.
7. Practice for FORMAT command with /s, /u, /v switches.
8. Practice for DISKCOPY, DISKCOMP Commands.
9. Practice for SCANDISK, XCOPY, DELETE, TREE, LABEL Commands.
10. Practice for PRINT, UNDELETE commands.
11. Practice for the practicals at S.No. 8, 9, 10, 11
12. Practice for creating a batch file.
2. C-Language
1. Practice for Loading & Unloading Turbo C software interface and identify its menu bar.
2. Creating, Editing and saving a source program.
3. Compiling, linking and Execution a program.
4. Prepare a C-Language program to perform the arithmetic operations by using all
arithmetic operators. Also print the result on the screen.
5. Prepare a C-Language program to exchange the values of two variables and to print their
actual and exchanged values.
6. Prepare a C-Language program to input a number calculate the cube of the number and
print the result on the screen.
7. Prepare a C-Language program to calculate area of rectangle, when length & width are
given.
8. Prepare a C-Language program to input a number if the number is divisible by 3 then
print the message on the screen that the number is divisible by 3 use block if
statement.
9. Prepare a C-Language program to calculate the area of a circle, when radius and
diameter is given.
10. Prepare a C-Language program to perform simple arithmetic operation by using switch
statement.
11. Prepare C-Language programs using IF-THEN-ELSE and For Loop statement.
12. Prepare a C-Language program by using an Array.
13. Prepare a C-Language program by calling functions.
14. Prepare a C-Language program by calling functions with reference.
34
3. MICROSOFT WORD
1. Practice for loading and unloading MS Word.
2. Practice for creating document and saving it.
3. Practice for spell-check facility of the MS Word.
4. Practice for various Word-Processing Manu Options.
5. Practice for printing a document.
6. Practice for margin and TAB setting and document alignment.
7. Practice for some advance features.
4. MICROSOFT EXCEL
1. Practice for loading and unloading MS Excel.
2. Practice for creating sheets, workbooks and save it.
3. Practice for creating Table and Graph in MS Excel.
4. Practice for preparing formulas and arithmetic calculations.
5. INTERNET
1. How to connect Internet.
2. The use of Web browsers.
3. The use of Search Engine.
4. The use of E-mail.
35
El.TR-114
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
T
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AIMS This course is designed so that the student will be able to learn basic knowledge of electricity
and electronics.
Understand the operation and application of electrical and electronic principles, devices and
circuits.
1.
Identify the different electrical /electronics component, devices and types of circuits.
2.
Explain the principles of operations and applications of electrical and electronic
components, devices and circuits.
3.
Use different electrical/electronic components and devices in different circuits
configuration.
4.
Describe the ratings, tolerances, coding and troubles in different electrical and
electronics components and circuits.
5.
Calculate current, voltage, power and power factor using circuit laws and network
theorems.
6.
Use filters and coupling in electronics circuits.
COURSE CONTENTS.
1.
2.
DC FUNDAMENTALS.
(16 Hours)
2.1
Ohm's Law
2.1.1 Definition of Ohm's law.
2.1.2 Problems on Ohm's Law.
2.2.
Laws of Resistance
2.2.1 Specific Resistance, conductance and conductivity.
2.2.2 Effect of temperature on resistance and temp. Coefficient of resistance.
2.2.3 Problems on R= x L/A and Rt = Ro (1+ t)
2.2.4 Resistance in series, parallel and series-parallel
2.2.5 Calculations on combination of resistance and cells in series, parallel and seriesparallel combinations.
2.2.6 Power and Energy their units and calculations.
2.2.7 Power dissipation in resistors.
2.3
Kirchhoff's Laws
2.3.1 Introduction of Kirchhoff's Laws.
2.3.2 Calculation using KVL and KCL by loop and node methods.
36
2.4
2.5
Resistors
2.4.1 Resistor construction and types.
2.4.2 Application of resistors.
2.4.3 Resistors, Power rating.
2.4.4 Resistor, troubles.
Batteries
2.5.1 Types of DC sources.
2.5.2 Types of cells, Primary and secondary cells (Mercury, silver oxide, Nickelcadmium, etc.)
2.5.3 Lead acid batteries.
2.5.4. Solar cell.
2.5.5 Internal resistance of a cell.
2.5.6 Application of cell as constant voltage and constant current source.
3.
NETWORK THEOREMS.
3.1
Superposition theorem for complex circuits.
3.2
Calculation based on the superposition theorem.
3.3
Thevenin's Theorem circuits simplification.
3.4
Calculation base on the Thevenin's theorem.
3.5
Norton theorem and current source concept.
3.6
Calculation based on the Norton's Theorem.
3.7
Star and Delta transformation.
3.8
Calculation based on Star and Delta transformation.
4.
5.
ELECTROSTATICS.
(12 Hours)
5.1
Principle of electrostatic, positive and negative charges.
5.2
Laws of electrostatic.
5.3
Electrostatic induction and field strength.
5.4
Properties of electric lines of force and comparison with magnetic lines.
5.5.
Dielectric, dielectric strength and its importance permittivity and break down voltage.
5.6
Capacitance and capacitors. Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor.
5.7
Types and uses of capacitors.
37
(10 Hours)
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
6.
Equivalent capacitance for series, parallel and series parallel combination of capacitors.
Energy stored in capacitors.
Colour code, tolerance and rating of capacitors.
Troubles in capacitors.
AC FUNDAMENTALS.
(16 Hours)
6.1
The simple AC generator.
6.1.1 Sine wave, cycle, wavelength, period, frequency and units.
6.1.2 AC sine wave form and its characteristics. (Instantaneous, peak, average, rms or
effective values and their inter relation).
6.1.3 Audio and Radio frequencies, wavelengths and periods frequency spectrum.
6.1.4 Types of alternating wave forms(sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal waves).
Fundamental wave and harmonics.
6.2
AC Circuits
6.2.1 AC through pure resistance, Phaser quantities.
6.2.2 Phase angle, in-phase, out of phase waves and phase lag & lead and power
factor.
6.2.3 Calculation of V,I and W for resistive circuits through inductance.
6.2.4 Self inductance, and self induced voltage.
6.2.5 Inductive reactance (XL=2fL) Phase relation between V & I.
6.2.6 Phaser diagram and power for pure inductor.
6.2.7 AC through R-L series circuit.
6.2.8 Phaser diagram and power in a R-L series circuit.
6.2.9
6.2.10
6.2.11
6.2.12
6.2.13
6.2.14
6.2.15
6.2.16
6.2.17
6.2.18
6.2.19
6.2.20
6.2.21
6.2.22
6.2.23
6.2.24
6.2.25
6.2.26
7.
TRANSFORMER
(8 Hours)
7.1
Principle of transformer, mutual inductance, coefficient of mutual inductance.
7.2
Turn ratio and e.m.f. equation
7.3
Construction, types of transformers, core materials.
7.4
Application of transformers in electronics.
7.5
Auto-transformers, principle, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
7.6
Poly phase transformers, star and delta connection.
38
7.7
7.8
8.
RESONANCE.
(8 Hours)
8.1
Condition of resonance and resonant circuit.
8.2
Relation between f, L and C at resonance.
8.3
Series resonant circuit. Impedance of series resonant circuit.
8.4
Current, voltage and impedance characteristic of series resonant circuit.
8.5
Parallel resonant circuit and its impedance
8.6
Characteristics of impedance, current and voltage of a parallel resonant circuit
8.7
Series and parallel resonance curve comparison and Bandwidth.
8.8
Q of circuit, Effect of Q on the slope and width of the resonance curves.
8.9
Relation between the slope of the resonance curve on selectivity.
8.10 Effect of the L.C. ratio on selectivity.
8.11 Use of resonance circuit in radio and TV receivers.
9.
TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS.
1. Bird J O Electrical and Electronic Principles and Technology, Second Edition (Newnes,
2004) ISBN 0750665505
2. Bird J O Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology (Newnes, 2004) ISBN 0750657847
3. Grob, Bernard, Basic Electronics, Eight Edition.
39
El.TR 114
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
1.1
1.2
2.
to
conductors,
DC FUNDAMENTALS.
2.1
Understand Ohm's Law.
2.1.1 Define ohm's law
2.2.2 Solve problems on Ohm's law
2.2
2.3
2.4
Understand Resistors
2.4.1 Define resistance and resistor
2.4.2 List types of resistors
2.4.3 Enlist use of resistors
2.4.4 Describe resistor colour codes
2.4.5 Describe power rating of resistor
40
insulators
&
2.5
Understand Batteries
2.5.1 Name types of D.C source
2.5.2 Describe types of cells (Mercury, Silver oxide, Nickel cadmium)
2.5.3 Describe lead acid battery
2.5.4 Describe solar cells
2.5.5 Explain the internal resistance of cell
2.5.6 Use cells in series and parallel of voltage and constant source of current
3.
NETWORK THEOREMS.
3.1
Understand Superposition, Thevenin & Norton theorems
3.1.1 Explain Superposition theorem
3.1.2 Solve problems based on superposition theorem
3.1.3 Explain Thevenin's theorem
3.1.4 Solve problems based on Thevenin's theorem
3.1.5 Explain Norton's theorem
3.1.6 Solve problems based on Norton's theorem
3.1.7 Explain transformation of star to delta and delta to star networks
3.1.8 Solve problems based on star, delta transformation
4.
5.
To understand electromagnetism
4.2.1 Describe electromagnetism
4.2.2 Describe magneto-motive force
4.2.3 Describe field intensity (H=AT/L)
4.2.4 Draw B-H Curve
4.2.5 Explain B-H curve
4.2.6 Describe magnetic hystersis
4.2.7 Explain electromagnetic induction
4.2.8 Explain magnetic field around a current carrying conductor
4.2.9 Define inductor
4.2.10 Write formula for inductance base on physical parameters of an inductor [L= Ur
x (N)*2 x A / L]
4.2.11 Solve problem using the above formula for inductor
4.2.12 Describe solenoids
4.2.13 Describe cork screw rule and left hand rule
4.2.14 Explain force between two magnetic fields and motor action
4.2.15 Define Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction (e = Nd/dt)
4.2.16 Define Lenz's Law
ELECTROSTATICS.
5.1
Understanding Electrostatics
5.1.1 Describe principle of electrostatic charges
41
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.1.5
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.1.8
5.1.9
5.1.10
5.1.11
5.1.12
5.1.13
5.1.14
combination
5.1.15 Explain the energy stored in capacitor
5.1.16 Describe the colour coding, tolerance and voltage rating of capacitors
5.1.17 Describe the troubles in capacitors
6.
AC FUNDAMENTALS.
6.1
Understand A.C Waveform
6.1.1 Describe sine wave (cycle, wave length, period, frequency and their units)
6.1.2 Draw AC sine waveform (sinusoidal, square, saw tooth)
6.1.3 Describe Instantaneous value, peak value, average value, r.m.s. value, effective
value and their inter-relation
6.1.4 Describe Audio & Radio frequencies and their wavelengths
6.1.5 Draw the electromagnetic wave spectrum
6.1.6 Define harmonic and fundamental wave.
6.2
Understand AC circuits
6.2.1 Describe AC through resistors
6.2.2 Describe phase angle, in phase & out of phase waves
6.2.3 Describe phase lag, lead & power factor
6.2.4 Calculate voltage, current & power(v,i,w) for resistive circuit
6.2.5 Describe AC through inductance using waveforms and phasor diagram
6.2.6 Define self inductance & self induced voltage
6.2.7 Explain inductive reactance (XL=2fL), phase relation between voltage &
current
6.2.8 Draw its phaser diagram
6.2.9 Calculate power for pure inductor
6.2.10 Explain AC through R-L series circuit
6.2.11 Draw phaser diagram for R-L series circuit
6.2.12 Calculate power factor for R-L series circuit
6.2.13 Calculate time constant for L/R
6.2.14 Define impedance
6.2.15 Draw impedance triangle
6.2.16 Explain AC through R-L parallel circuit
6.2.17 Calculate inductive reactance for series, parallel and series-parallel
inductor
6.2.18 Describe skin effect
6.2.19 Describe audio frequency chokes
42
TRANSFORMER.
7.1
Understand the transformers
7.1.1 Explain the principle of transformer
7.1.2 Define mutual induction
7.1.3 Define coefficient of mutual induction
7.1.4 Describe turn ratio of transformer
7.1.5 Describe construction of transformer
7.1.6 Enlist the types of transformer
7.1.7 Enlist core material of transformer
7.1.8 Describe auto transformer
7.1.9 Explain star, delta connections of three phase transformer
7.1.10 Explain phase & line voltage for star and delta connection
7.1.11 Explain phase & line current for star and delta connection of three phase system
7.1.12 List the applications of transformer in electronics:
i)
step down transformer,
ii)
impedance matching
iii)
coupling
7.1.13 Explain transformer losses.
7.1.14 Explain hysteresis loss and core loss.
8.
UNDERSTAND RESONANCE
8.1
Explain resonance
8.2
Explain the relation between frequency, inductance & capacitance at resonant
8.3
Draw the series resonant circuit
8.4
Explain series resonant circuit
8.5
Draw the characteristics of series resonant circuit
8.6
Calculate current, voltage and impedance of series resonant circuit
8.7
Draw the diagram of parallel resonant circuit
8.8
Explain the parallel resonant circuit
8.9
Draw the characteristics of parallel resonant circuit
8.10 Compare series and parallel resonant circuit
8.11 Describe the band width of a resonant circuit
8.12 Describe Q of a circuit
8.13 Explain the effect of the L.C ratio on selectivity
43
8.14
9.
44
El.TR -114
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
LIST OF PRACTICAL.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
46
El.TR 123(Rev.):
ELECTRONICS DEVICES
T
2
P
3
C
3
COURSE CONTENTS.
1.
VACUMM TUBE.
(04 Hours)
1.1
Introduction of various types of Electron emission
1.2
Diode, Construction, operation and applications.
1.3
Triode, Construction, operation and applications.
1.4
Function of multigrid in electron tubes. (tetrode and pentode)
2.
3.
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
4.
5.
SPECIAL DIODES.
(15 Hours)
5.1
Zener Diodes.
5.1.1 Zener Diode as voltage Regulator, percentage of regulation.
5.1.2 Zanier limiting.
5.2
Optical Diodes
5.2.1 Light Emitting Diode(LED)
5.2.2 Liquid crystal Diode(LCD)
5.2.3 Photo diode.
5.3
Varactor Diodes.
5.3.1 Varactor in Tuning Circuits.
5.4
Other Diodes.
5.4.1 Schottky diode, construction, characteristics, uses
5.4.2 Tunnel Diode, Negative resistance region.
5.4.3 Tunnel Diode Oscillator.
5.4.4 PIN Diode.
5.4.5 Step Recovery Diode.
5.4.6 LASER Diode
5.4.7 IMPATT Diode.
5.4.8 Gunn Diode.
6.
48
El.TR 123(Rev.):
ELECTRONICS DEVICES
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1.
VACUMM TUBE.
1.1
Describe various types of electron emission with application.
1.2
Understand construction, operation and applications of basic electron tubes.
1.2.1 Discuss construction of diode tube.
1.2.2 Explain operation of diode tube.
1.2.3 Describe application of diode tube.
1.2.4 Discuss construction of triode tube.
1.2.5 Explain operation of triode tube.
1.2.6 Describe application of triode tube.
1.2.7 Discuss Function of multigrid in electron tubes. (tetrode and pentode)
2.
SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES.
2.1
Understand principles, characteristics and application of various types of
semiconductor diodes.
2.1.2 Explain semiconductor doping
2.1.3 List donor and acceptor materials for silicon & germanium
2.1.4 Define majority carries and minority charge carriers.
2.1.5 Explain the effect of temperature & light on the resistance of
(a) intrinsic semiconductor and
(b) Extrinsic semiconductor
2.2
PN Junction Theory:
2.2.1 Draw a PN Junction
2.2.2 Define the terms depletion layer capacitance & diffusion capacitance.
2.2.3 Sketch the voltage-current characteristics curve for a PN junction.
2.2.4 Describe RF, RR and Is from the diode characteristics curve.
2.2.5 List the typical values of barrier potentials for silicon and germanium diode.
2. 3
Understand PN Diode Applications
2.3.1 List the uses of PN diode.
2.3.2 Explain half and full wave rectifier using circuit diagram.
2.3.3 Define Ripple factor, surge current.
2.3.4 Explain function of rectifier (L, PI, T) filters
2.3.5 Explain its uses as voltage multiplier (doubler).
2.3.6 Explain the working of a voltage doubler circuit.
2.3.7 List the applications of voltage multiplier circuit.
2.3.8 Explain the operation of a diode as a switch.
2.3.9 Describe the operation of Diode Clipper
2.3.10 Describe the operation of Diode Clamper.
3.
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.2
3.3
4.
Compute the values of IE, and Beta (dc) for given value of IB and IC.
Explain the working of basic BJT voltage amplifier w.r.t. bias of junctions,
flow of charge carriers and transistor currents.
3.1.5 Define cut off and breakdown voltages of transistor.
3.1.6 List four maximum ratings specified by manufacturers parameters of
transistors.
3.1.7 Drive the expression for IC versus IB for CE. configuration in the active region
3.1.8 Sketch the input and output static characteristics curves for common base (CB)
amplifier.
3.1.9 Repeat 3.1.8 for CE amplifier.
3.1.10 Repeat 3.1.8 for CC amplifier.
3.1.11 List the types of transistor structures.
3.1.12 Draw and label the structure of epitaxial transistor.
3.1.14 Enlist the advantages of I.C. over conventional circuit
3.1.15 List the three broad categories of BJTs with package types used for each
3.1.16 Identify the high frequency limitations of BJT.
Discuss the operation of Transistor as a switch.
Discuss the operation of Transistor Clipper.
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
4.6.4
4.6.5
4.7
5.
SPECIAL DIODES.
5.1
Understand the characteristics and applications of diode used for a special purposes
Zener Diode.
5.1.1 Explain the construction of Zener and draw its symbol
5.1.2 Draw the V-I characteristic of a Zener diode.
5.1.3 Identify the characteristic features of Zener diode.
5.1.4 Explain the working of Zener diode as voltage regulator.
5.1.5 Define the terms line regulation, and load regulation for Zener diode.
5.1.6 Compare formulae to find the range of series resistor (Rs) and load resistor (RL)
for a Zener regulator for given variations in line voltage and current.
5.1.7 List the applications of Zener diode.
5.2
6.
6.1.7
6.1.8
6.1.9
6.1.10
6.1.11
6.1.12
6.1.13
6.2
6.3
52
El.TR.123(Rev.):
ELECTRONICS DEVICES
Identify the various diodes, transistors & IC package, number system and terminals.
Draw the forward & reverse characteristics of a P.N. junction diode.
Assemble a half wave diode rectifier circuit and observe its input and out put waveforms.
Assemble a full wave diode rectifier circuit with center tab transformer and observe its input
and out put waveforms.
Assemble a full wave bridge rectifier circuit and observe its input and out put waveforms.
Demonstrate the working of diode as a switch with LED as a load.
Assemble L type filter circuit and calculate its ripple factor.
Assemble and T type filter circuits and calculate their ripple factors.
Troubleshoot a faulty diode rectifier circuit.
Assemble a voltage doubler circuit observe its input and out put.
Assemble a voltage tripler circuit observe its input and out put.
Assemble a voltage quadrupler circuit observe its input and out put.
Consult data sheet for a transistor to study its parameters and ratings.
Plot the input & output characteristics of a transistor in common base configuration.
Plot the input & output characteristics of a transistor in common emitter configuration.
Plot the input and output characteristics of transistor in common collector configuration.
Assemble a BJT Switch circuit and check its in put and out put.
Plot the transfer characteristics curve of transistor in CE configuration.
Assemble a transistor voltage amplifier and find its voltage gain.
Demonstrate the characteristics of CB, CE & CC amplifier using curve tracer.
Consult data sheet for a FET to study its parameters and ratings.
Plot a characteristics curve for a common source FET amplifier.
Demonstrate MOSFET as a switch and study its performance.
Draw the forward and reveres characteristics of a Zener diode.
Use a Zener diode as voltage regulator with diode rectifier.
Assemble a Zener diode Limiter circuit and observe its in put and out put waveforms.
Assemble a double Zener diode limiter circuit and observe its in put and out put waveforms.
Assemble a seven segment display with the help of LEDs.
Assemble a circuit of photoelectric relay using a photodiode.
Plot the characteristics curves for SCR and UJT.
Assemble a UJT relaxation oscillator and observe its waveform.
Assemble a light dimmer with the help of Diac and Triac.
53
El.TR. 132
COURSE CONTENTS.
LIST OF PRACTICAL
(a)
CONVENTIAL DRAWING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
128 Hrs.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
(b)
40.
41.
42.
43.
55
64 Hrs.
El.TR. 141(Rev.)
ELECTRIC WIRING
T
0
P
3
C
1
ELECTRIC WIRING
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5-6
7-12
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
13-32
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
MATHS-233
Applied Mathematics-II
T
3
P
0
C
3
96 Hrs.
0
6 Hours
2.
DIFFERENTIATION.
2.1
Increments
2.2
Geometrical interpret
2.3
Differentiation ab initio by first principle.
2.4
Geometrical interpretation of differential coeff.
2.5
Differentiation coefficient of Xn and (a+b)n
2.6
Problems.
3.
9 Hours
4.
6 Hours
06 Hours
5.
DIFFERENTIATION OF LOGARITHMIC & EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
Hours
5.1
Differentiation of lnx
5.2
Differentiation of Log ax
5.3
Differentiation of ax
5.4
Differentiation of ex
64
15
5.5
Problems
6.
6 Hours
7.
9 Hours
8.
METHODS OF INTEGRATION
8.1
Integration by substitution
8.2
Integration by parts
8.3
Problems
9 Hours
9.
DEFINITE INTEGRALS.
9.1
Properties
9.2
Application to area
9.3
Problems.
6 Hours
10.
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION.
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Order and Degree
10.3 First Order Differential Equation of 1st Degree
10.4 Solution of Problems
10.5 Problems
6 Hours
11.
LAPLACE TRANSFORMATION.
11.1 Laplace Transformations
11.2 Inverse Laplace Transformations
11.3 Problems
9 Hours
12.
FOURIER SERIES
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Periodic Functions
12.3 Even and Odd Functions
12.4 Problems
STATISTICS
13.1 Concept of mean, median and mode
13.2 Standard Deviation
13.3 Laws of probability
13.4 Problems
9 Hours
13.
65
6 Hours
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1.
2.
3.
4.
66
ComS -211
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
T
1
P
0
C
1
Prerequisites: The students shall already be familiar with the language concerned.
AIMS The course has been designed to enable the students to.
1.
Develop communication skills.
2.
Understand basic principles of good and effective business writing in commercial and
industrial fields.
3.
Develop knowledge and skill to write technical report with confidence and accuracy.
1.
2.
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
3.
4.
Textbooks
Tooley M and Dingle L BTEC National Engineering, First Edition (Newnes, 2002)
0750651660
68
ISBN
ComS -211
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1.
2.
2.2
69
3.
4.
70
El.TR-212(Rev.)
PROPAGATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
T
2
P
0
WAVES
C
2
Textbook:
1) Elements of Electromagnetics, by Sadiku, 2nd edition , Oxford University Press, 1995.
2) Electromagnetics Explained, A Handbook for Wireless/ RF, EMC & High Speed Electronics
by Ron Schmitt, Elsevier, 2002.
72
El.TR-212(Rev.) ELECTROMAGNETICS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. Understand vector algebra
1.1 Describe Scalars and Vectors
1.2 Discuss Unit Vector
1.3 Apply the concept of Vector addition and Subtraction
1.4 Describe Position and Distance Vectors
1.5 Apply the concept of Vector Multiplication
1.6 Describe Components of a Vector
2. Understand Coordinate Systems and Transformation
2.1 Discuss Cartesian Coordinates (x, y, z)
2.2 Discuss Circular Cylindrical Coordinates (, , z)
2.3 Describe Spherical Coordinates (r, , z )
3. Apply Vector Calculus
3.1 Discuss Differential Length, Area and Volume (for all three coordinates)
3.2 Describe Line, Surface and Volume integrals
3.3 Describe Del Operator
3.4 Understand Gradient of a scalar
3.5 Discuss Divergence of vector and divergence theorem
3.6 Understand Curl of a vector and Stocks theorem.
3.7 Describe Laplacian of a scalar.
4. Understand Electrostatic Fields
4.1 State Coulombs Law and field intensity.
4.2 Describe Electric Field due to continuous charge distribution formuli.
4.3 Discuss Electric Flux density
4.4 Describe Gausss Law and its application to a point charge
4.5 State Electric potential
4.6 Describe Relationship between E & V
4.7 Discuss Electric Dipole
4.8 Discuss Electric Flux lines and Equipotential Surfaces
5. Understand Electric Fields in Material Space
5.1 Discuss Properties of Materials
5.2 Differentiate between Convection and conduction currents
5.3 Discuss Polarization in Dielectrics
5.4 Describe Boundary Conditions
5.5 Discuss Maxwell Equations.
6. Understand Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
6.1 Understand the term of EM Waves.
6.2 Discuss Electromagnetic Spectrum
6.3 Describe Wave Propagation in Lossy Dielectrics
6.4 Understand Plane Waves in Free Space
6.5 Understand Plane Waves in Good Conductors
7. Understand Transmission Lines
7.1 Understand the term Transmission Lines
73
74
El.TR. 225
ANALOG ELECTRONICS.
T
3
P
6
C
5
Electrical Circuits
Electronics Devices
AIMS: This course has been designed to enable the students to understand the working of:
1. Transistor and FET Amplifiers.
2. Coupling of Amplifiers
3. Audio, Feedback, RF and IF Amplifiers.
4. Electronic Oscillators Circuits.
5. Operational amplifier circuits.
6. Monostable and Astable Multivibrators
7. Ramp, pulse and Function Generators Circuits
8. Comparator and Schmitt Trigger circuits.
COURSE CONTENTS
1.
INTRODUCTION TO AMPLIFIER.
(20 Hours)
1.1
Audio voltage amplifier: classification of amplifiers w.r.t. ground, frequency and
operation.
1.2
Basic amplifier concept using transistors (BJT & FET).
1.3
Common emitter, common base and common collector circuit configurations and CD,
CS, and CG configurations.
1.4
Comparison of CE, CB, CC circuits and CD, CS, CG circuit configurations.
1.5
Equivalent circuit for CE amplifier and calculations for its voltage, current and power
gain by using graphical and parameter method.
1.6
Common Base amplifier equivalent circuit and gain calculation by graphical and
parameter method.
1.7
Common collector amplifier equivalent act and gain calculation by graphical analysis
and using parameter.
1.8
Biasing methods, thermal run away & instability of Q-point.
1.9
Calculation of stability factor and for CE, CB and CC circuits.
1.10 Method of stabilization of Q-point.
2.
COUPLING OF AMPLIFIER.
(08 Hours)
2.1
Methods of coupling of amplifier: RC, direct , transformer and impedance coupling.
2.2
R.C. coupled amplifier, its characteristics and frequency response.
2.3
Transformers coupled amplifier, its gain, efficiency and frequency response.
Comparison of RC and transformer coupling.
2.4
Direct coupled amplifier: Drift and offset voltage. Its merits and demerits.
3.
(06 Hours)
75
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4.
4.
FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS.
(08 Hours)
4.1
Principle of feed back in amplifiers, types of feed back amplifier. Series and shunt
feedback, feedback factor, effect of feedback on gain, band width, distortion, stability
and frequency response.
4.2
Emitter follower and differential amplifiers.
5.
R.F. AMPLIFIER.
(08 Hours)
5.1
Requirements of RF amplifier.
5.2
Principle and characteristics of R.F. Amplifier.
5.3
R.C. coupled R.F. amplifier.
5.4
Impedance coupled R.F. amplifier.
5.5
Transformer coupled R.F. amplifier.
5.6.
Multistage R.F. amplifier.
5.7
Class-C R.F. power amplifier using tuned circuit as load.
5.8
Grounded base R.F amplifier.
5.9
Feed back in R.F. amplifier.
5.10 Regeneration and de-generation in feed back amplifier.
5.11 Calculation of band width.
5.12 Troubles in R.F. amplifier.
6.
I.F. AMPLIFIER.
6.1
Need and requirement of I.F amplifier.
6.2
Single stage I.F. amplifier.
6.3
Multistage I.F amplifier.
6.4
Methods of neutralization.
6.5
Integrated Circuit IFA
6.6
Troubles in I.F. amplifier.
(04 Hours)
7.
OSCILLATORS.
(08 Hours)
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
7.11
8.
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER.
8.1
Introduction to operational Amplifier.
76
(16 Hours)
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
9.
10.
11.
(06 Hours)
El.TR. -225
ANALOG ELECTRONICS.
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
INTRODUCTION TO AMPLIFIERS.
1.1
Understand the principle & need of amplification of signals.
1.1.1 Explain the need and principle of amplification .
1.1.2 Define the terms current gain, voltage and power gain.
1.2
Classification of Amplifiers
1.2.1 Identify the function of current, voltage and power amplifiers
1.2.2 Classify the amplifiers with respect to:
i)
Device used
ii)
Circuit configuration
iii)
Band of frequency handled
iv)
Class of biasing employed
v)
Type of application
1.2.3 Describe the characteristics of BJT & FET amplifiers.
1.2.4 Explain the class of biasing i.e. class A, class B and class C and class AB
amplifiers.
1.3
1.4
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.4
2.
Calculate the gains and impedances for given values of h-parameters and load
resistance(using formula).
Use the input, output characteristics for CE circuit for computing transfer
characteristics.
Calculate the gains and impedances for CE circuit by using the three
characteristics curves.
1.5
1.6
1.7
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
3.
4.
4.1.3
4.2
5.
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
6.
7.
OSCILLATORS.
7.1
To understand the types and working of oscillators.
7.1.1 Define an oscillator.
7.1.2 Enlist the basic requirements of an oscillator.
7.1.3 Explain conditions for an amplifier to work as an oscillator.
7.1.4 Classify the oscillator circuits.
7.1.5 Explain the working of R C phase shift & Wien bridge oscillators.
7.1.6 Explain the working of Hartley and colpitis oscillators.
7.1.7 Explain the working of crystal and tuned collector oscillators.
7.1.8 Explain the working of pulse-tone oscillator using 555 timer.
7.1.9 Explain the working of voltage controlled oscillator.
7.1.10 Enlist the sources of instability of an oscillator.
7.1.11 Explain the method of oscillator stability.
7.1.12 Enlist the applications of oscillators.
8.
8.1.10 Derive expression for voltage gain of both types of amplifiers discussed under
8.1.7.
8.1.11 Sketch a voltage follower circuit using an OP AMP.
8.1.12 Explain the working of an OP AMP comparator.
8.1.13 List the applications of OP AMP (741 OP AMP).
9.
10.
11.
82
El.TR. 225
ANALOG ELECTRONICS
Practical:
192 Hours.
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
1. Study the parameters of BJTs with the help of data sheet.
2. Study the parameters of FETs with the help of data sheet.
3. Plot the characteristics curves for a common source FET amplifier.
4. Demonstrate MOSFET as a switch and study the performance .
5. Assemble a single stage transistor amplifier and measure voltage gain of class A amplifier.
6. Plot the frequency response of class A transistor amplifier
7. Assemble a class A power amplifier and measure its power gain.
8. Assemble a CE Amplifier circuit and study its characteristics.
9. Assemble a CC Amplifier circuit and study its characteristics.
10. Assemble a CB Amplifier circuit and study its characteristics.
11. Assemble a CD Amplifier circuit and study its characteristics.
12. Assemble a CS Amplifier circuit and study its characteristics.
13. Assemble a CG Amplifier circuit and study its characteristics.
14. Assemble a 25-W and 50-W power amplifier using IC amplifiers.
15. Measurement the power, distortion, gain and efficiency the previously assembled IC power
amplifier.
16. Assemble a transistorized regulated low voltage (12- V) 1-A power supply and study its
voltage regulation.
17. Study the frequency response of directed coupled audio amplifier and calculate its bandwidth.
18. Study the frequency response of R.C coupled audio amplifier and calculate its bandwidth.
19. Study the frequency response of transformer coupled amplifier and calculate its bandwidth
20. Assemble a R.F amplifier and measure its voltage gain..
21. Assemble and study the class C operation of RF amplifier and measure its power output.
22. Study the frequency response of R.C-coupled R.F amplifier.
23. Study the frequency response of impedance-coupled RF amplifier.
24. Study the frequency response of transformer-coupled RF amplifier.
25. Study of frequency response of R.F amplifier using tuned load.
26. Assemble a RC Phase Shift oscillator and study its working.
27. Assemble a Hartley oscillator and study its working.
28. Assemble a Colpite oscillator and study its working.
29. Assemble a Crystal oscillator and study its working.
30. Assemble a Pulse-tone oscillator by using 555 IC and study its working.
31. Consult data sheet for opamps.
32. Demonstrate the working of an operational amplifier.
33. Study the characteristics of OP Amp.
34. Draw the frequency response of an opamp.
35. Construct Non-Inverting amplifier with the help of Op-Amp. and study its operation.
36. Construct Inverting amplifier with the help of Op-Amp. and study its operation.
37. Construct an Op-Amp Summer and study its operation.
38. Construct an Op-Amp Unity follower and study its operation.
39. Construct an Op-Amp Multiplier and study its operation.
40. Construct an Op-Amp Integrator and study its operation.
41. Construct an Op-Amp Differentiator and study its operation.
42. Construct an Op-Amp Comparator and study its operation.
83
84
El.TR. 233(Rev.)
P
3
C
3
To understand the working principle, types, and construction of different analog and
digital instruments and their accessories.
To Manipulate skills of proper selection, use, handling, maintaining and repairing of
various electrical and electronic instruments.
COURSE CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
INDICATING INSTRUMENTS.
(07 Hours)
2.1
Introduction to meters.
2.2
D`Ansonval Meter movements
2.3
Ammeters, millimeters, micrometer and shunts.
2.4
Shunt calculations.
2.5
Voltmeter, multiplier and sensitivity.
2.6
Basic Ohmmeter (Conversion of ammeter into ohmmeter)
2.7
Ac meters (rectifier, moving iron-vane, electrodynamometer, thermocouple and
clamp-on type)
3.
(03 Hours)
4.
TRANSISTOR VOLTMETER.
4.1
Basic BJT TVM .
(03 Hours)
(02 Hours)
85
4.2
4.4
5.
(07 Hours)
8.
DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS.
8.1
Digital Voltmeter
8.2
Digital Multimeter
8.3
Frequency Counter
8.4
Digital LCR meter.
8.5
Digital I.C. tester.
8.6
Signal Tracer
8.7
X- Y Recorder
(07 Hours)
9.
ANALYZERS.
9.1
Logic Analyzer
9.2
Spectrum Analyzer
9.3
Signature Analyzer
9.4
Application
(04 Hours)
10.
(04 Hours)
6.
86
(08 Hours)
(07 Hours)
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
11.
PROBES.
11.1 High Voltage probes
11.2 RF probes
11.3 Logic probes
11.4 Logic pulser
11.5 Logic clip
11.6 Application
(04 Hours)
12.
CALIBRATION OF INSTRUMENTS
12.1 Standards of Calibration.
12.2 Techniques of Calibration.
12.3 Report of Calibration.
(04 Hours)
13.
VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION.
13.1 Introduction of Virtual Instrumentation.
13.2 Virtual Instrumentation Architecture.
13.3 Applications of Virtual Instrumentation.
(04 Hours)
87
El.TR. 233(Rev.)
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1.
2.
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
3.
4.
5.
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
5.17
Derive the balance equation of Maxwell bridge to find the unknown inductance.
Draw the schematic diagram of Hay bridge
Drive the equation to find the unknown inductance.
Draw the schematic diagram of Schering bridge.
Write the balance equation for Schering bridge to find Cx, p.f, D and Q of series RC
circuit.
Draw the schematic diagram of Wien bridge.
Describe the procedure of balancing Wien bridge to find the value of unknown
frequency of a signal.
List the application of Wien bridge.
SIGNAL GENERATORS.
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
7.
Understand the construction and working of sweep, marker and pulse generators.
6.5.1 Draw the block diagram of sweep generator.
6.5.2 Describe the function of each block of sweep generator.
6.5.3 List the types of voltage sweep generations.
6.5.4 Enlist the applications of sweep generator.
6.5.5 Draw the block diagram of marker generator.
6.5.6 Describe the function of each block of the marker generator.
6.7.7 Identify the purpose of marker generator controls and indicators.
6.5.8 List the two basic methods for injection of marker signal into sweep generator.
6.5.9 Enlist the applications of marker generator.
6.5.10 List the methods of square wave generation.
6.5.11 Draw the block diagram of a square wave generator.
6.5.12 Explain the function of each block of the square wave generator.
6.5.13 Draw the block diagram of pulse generator using square wave generator and
monostable multivibrator.
6.5.14 Explain the working of a pulse generator.
6.5.15 List the applications of square wave and pulse generator.
6.5.16 Draw the schematic diagram of an OP-AMP Function generator.
6.5.17 Explain the working of the Function generator.
6.5.18 Draw the functional diagram of IC function generator.
6.5.19 Identify the function of each block of IC function generator.
Understand the construction of TV pattern and special effects generators.
6.6.1 Explain the need of TV pattern generator.
6.6.2 Describe the working of TV pattern generator using a block diagram.
6.6.3 Enlist special effect generator.
6.6.4 State uses of special effect generator.
OSCILLOSCOPE (CRO).
7.1
7.2
7.2.11 Identify the differentiator circuit following a clipper in the sync section of a
CRO.
7.2.12 Identify the action of Schmitt trigger circuit in a triggered oscilloscope.
7.2.13 List the application for which triggered sweep is superior to a recurrent type of
sweep.
8.
7.3
7.4
Storage Oscilloscope
7.4.1 Identify the purpose of storage oscilloscope.
7.4.2 List the types of storage CRT.
7.4.3 Draw and label the simplified diagram of storage CRT.
7.4.4 Explain the function of each part of a storage CRT.
7.4.5 Identify the function of writing and flood guns in a storage
oscilloscope.
7.4.6 Describe the method of erasing a target of a storage oscilloscope.
7.4.7 Describe the function of controls and connectors of a storage oscilloscope
7.4.8 Enlist the advantages of storage oscilloscope.
7.5
Sampling Oscilloscope
7.5.1 Identify the importance of sampling oscilloscope.
7.5.2 Sketch and label the block diagram of a random sampling oscilloscope.
7.5.3 Describe the function of each block of the above diagram.
7.6
Vector Scope
7.6.1 Identify the function of Vector scope to check a color TV receivers
response.
7.6.2 Describe the use of conventional oscilloscope as a vector scope.
7.7
Curve Tracer
7.7.1 Identify the function of a modern curve tracer.
7.7.2 Draw the block diagram of a transistor curve tracer.
DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS.
8.1
Understand the operation and applications of digital meters.
8.1.1 List the major types of digital test instruments.
8.1.2 Enlist the types of digital voltmeter (DVM).
8.1.3 Illustrate the voltage-to-time conversion principle of ramp-type DVM.
8.1.4 Draw the block diagram of ramp-type DVM.
8.1.4 Identify the function of each block of the ramp-type DVM.
8.1.5 Draw the block diagram of staircase ramp type DVM.
8.1.6 Identify the function of its each block.
92
8.1.7
8.1.8
8.1.9
8.1.10
8.1.11
8.1.12
8.1.13
8.1.14
9.
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
X-Y Recorders
8.5.1 List the two basic types of recorders used as electronic test equipment.
8.5.2 Draw the block diagram of a basic strip or roll chart recorder system.
8.5.3 Describe the working of strip chart recorder.
8.5.4 Draw the block diagram of a basic X-Y recorder or plotter system.
8.5.5 Describe the function of each block of X-Y recorder.
ANALYZERS.
9.1
9.2
9.2.8
10.
11.
MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUMENTS.
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
PROBES .
11.1
94
12.
13.
95
El.TR. 233(Rev.)
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
96 Hours.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Study and use of transistor tester for the testing for different semiconductor devices.
7.
8.
Study of universal bridge and its use to measure unknown inductances and capacitances.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Study of different stages of CRO and their identification. Study and use of storage and
sampling oscilloscopes.
13.
Use of A.F. generator and measurement of its output wave with CRO.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Test logic signals using logic probe/logic clip and logic pulser.
22.
23.
24.
i)
ii)
25.
frequency stability.
ii)
output uniformity
96
26.
iii)
attenuator action
iv)
output hum
v)
output distortion
vi)
load sensitivity
external DC and AC
ii)
internal AC
iii)
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Use virtual instruments for the measurement of frequency and time period.
97
ELECTRICAL MACHINES
T
2
P
3
C
3
Electrical Circuits
AIMS:
After studying the subject the students will be able to understand the
construction, working and application of DC and AC machines.
Define laws of electromagnetic induction
Explain the function of dc generator
Describe the principle of dc motor
Identify the types of dc generators and dc motors
List of applications of dc motors in the electronics field
Describe the working of alternator
Explain the function of three phase as motor
List of types of single phase as motor
Identify the working principle of various types of single phase as motor
Explain the function of special ac motors
1.
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
(04 Hours)
1.1
Review of Faradays Law and Lenzs Law
1.2
Principle of simple loop generator
2.
DC GENERATOR
(10 Hours)
2.1
Construction
2.2
Field and armature winding and commutator
2.3
EMF Equation,
2.4
Simple calculations
2.5
Types and brief description of dc generator,
2.6
Methods of excitation and their characteristics
3.
DC MOTOR
(12 Hours)
3.1 Principle and construction of dc motor
3.2 Back emf, cause and effect
3.3 Torque Equation of dc motor and simple problems
3.4 Types of dc motors, fractional h.p & miniature dc motor
3.5 Methods and need of motor starters
4.
ALTERNATOR
(10 Hours)
4.1 Construction of alternator,
4.2 Importance of stationary armature,
4.3 Comparison with DC generator
4.4 Methods of field excitation
4.5 Brief introduction to 3-Phase as generation
98
5.
6.
7.
SPECIAL MOTORS
7.1 Stepper Motor
7.2 Servo Motor
7.3 Linear Motor
(04 Hours)
TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS.
1.
2.
99
El.TR. 243(Rev.):
ELECTRICAL MACHINES
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1.
2.
DC GENERATORS.
2.1
Understand the construction and working of DC generator.
2.1
Draw the construction of DC generators
2.2
Explain the working of field and armature winding
2.3
Draw the construction of commutator
2.4
Explain the operation of commutator
2.5
Derive the E.M.F. Equation for DC generator
2.6
Solve problems based on EMF equitation
2.7
Enlist the types of DC generator
2.8
Explain the method of field excitation, and characteristics of each.
3.
4.
UNDERSTAND THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF AN ALTERNATOR (AC
GENERATOR).
4.1
Introduction to an alternator.
4.2
Sketch the constructional view of an alternator.
4.3
Compare an alternator with dc generator
4.4
Explain three phase AC generation.
4.5
State the conditions for parallel operation of Alternators.
5.
5.8
5.9
5.10
6.
7.
101
El.TR. 243(Rev.)
ELECTRICAL MACHINES
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Verify the Faradays Laws of electromagnetic induction by using a simple loop generator.
Study of main part of a d.c. generator.
Study of dc shunt generator
Study of dc series generator
Study of dc Compound generator
Measurement of Resistance of Different windings
Plot the O.C.C. of a d.c. shunt generator.
Plot the load characteristics of d.c. shunt generators.
Study the effect of back e.m.f. of a d.c. motor.
Plotting of load characteristics of d.c. series motor.
Starting a d.c. series and shunt motors through starters.
Practice speed control of d.c. series and shunt motors.
Study the operation of an alternator (effect of variation field excitation and rotor speed.
Study of rotating magnetic field.
Study the operation of 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor.
Study the operation of 3-phases synchronous motor.
Practice reversal of direction of rotation of 3-phase induction motor.
Study the line diagram of direct-on 3-phase motor starter.
Connect a 3-phase induction motor to supply line through a direct-on starter.
Study the line and connection diagram of a starter-delta starter.
Connect a 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor to supply line through a star-delta starter.
Study operation of split-phase single phase a-c motor.
Study the operation of capacitor-start -and-run single phase a-c motor.
Study the operation of shaded pole single phase motor.
Study the operation of a-c series motor.
Study the speed control of a-c series motor.
Study the working of miniature (reluctance and hystersis) single phase a-c motors.
Study the construction of stepper motor.
Study the operation of stepper motor.
Study the construction of servo motor.
Study the operation of servo motor.
Develop a control circuit with the help of servo motor.
102
EL.TR. 253
Communication Systems
T
2
P
3
C
3
Electrical Circuits
AIMS this subject has been designed so that the student will be able to understand the working of
telephone and wireless communication.
Describe Modulation and Demodulation
Discuss Modulators and Demodulators.
Describe the principle and working of standard telephone set.
Explain Telephone exchanges.
Describe the working of fiber optics and microwave communication.
Describe satellite communication.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
1.
FM Transmitter
1.7.1 Principles of frequency modulation.
1.7.2 Concept of Index of modulation, frequency deviation, frequency swing effect
on side band and band width, bassel functions graph and application.
1.7.3 System of FM modulation block diagram.
Reactance Modulator
Phase Shift
Phasitron
1.7.4 Merits and demerits of FM.
1.7.5 Block diagram of FM transmission with automatic arrangement of controlled
modulation.
1.7.6 Stereo broadcasting transmission.
1.7.7 Significance of Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis and their explanation.
2
Telephony.
(10 Hours)
2.1 Introduction to telephony.
2.2 Introduction to Automatic telephone system.
2.3 Telephone Instruments, receiver, transmitter, bell.
2.4 Side tone and Anti side tone circuits.
2.5 Telephone dial and its type.
2.6 Tone dialing, TDMF (dual tone multifrequency).
2.7 Standard telephone set.
2.8 Automatic telephone exchange.
2.9 Telephone traffic & trunking principle.
2.10 NWD system block diagram.
2.11 Block diagram of NWD exchange and its function.
2.12 Introduction to gateway exchange.
3.
4.
Fiber Optics.
4.1
Optical Fiber for light wave communication.
4.2
Propagation Mode
104
(08 Hours)
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
5.
Satellites Communication.
5.1
Block diagram of satellite communication system.
5.2
Earth Station.
5.3
Geo stationary satellites.
5.4
Telephone link via satellite.
5.5
Television Link via satellite.
5.6
Merits and Demerits of satellite communication.
(08 Hours)
105
ELTR. 253
Communication Systems
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
3.
4.
5.
ELTR. 253
Communication Systems
LIST OF PRACTICALS
1. Assembly a simple A.M. radio receiver.
2. Align the assembled A.M radio receiver.
3. Assemble a F.M radio receiver.
4. Align the assembled F.M radio receiver.
5. Generation of AM double side band waveforms
6. Calculate the bandwidth and modulation index of the A.M. wave
7. Construct a transistorized class c amplitude modulator
8. Measure signal to noise ratio in A.M. signal.
9. Generation of single sideband A.M. signal.
10. Assemble a simple A.M. transmitter and observe on C.R.O.
11. Construct a reactance modulator using transistor.
12. Construct FM Modulator using varactor diode
13. Measure the frequency swing and deviation of a FM signal
14. Demonstrate a frequency modulated wave on C.R.O.
15. Demonstrate the performance of FM Transmitter using C.R.O.
16. Study the automatic frequency control circuit.
17. Study the function of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis
18. Study the working of phase shift modulator
19. Assemble a simple FM Transmitter
20. Demonstrate the parts of automatic telephone set.
21. Familiarize with the operation of Telephone Transmitter and Receiver
22. Demonstrate the parts of Digital Telephone Set.
23. Study the function of rotary and digital dials.
24. Demonstrate the operation of Telephone Buzzer.
25. Visit of a digital telephone exchange and write a report.
26. Study the operation of the PCM Transmitter.
27. Study the construction of the optical fiber cable.
28. Study the transmission & Reception with optical fiber.
29. Study digital signal transmission with optical fiber.
30. Study the different parts of a FAX machine and observe their operations
31. Visit a internet service provider station and write report.
32. Study the cordless Telephone system.
108
El.TR 264:
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
T
3
P
3
C
4
COURSE CONTENTS.
1.
(03 Hours)
2.
LOGIC GATES.
(10 Hours)
2.1
Logic Gates.
2.1.1 Symbols, Circuits and functions of OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR Gates.
2.1.2 Truth Table and Boolean expression of each above mentioned Gates.
2.1.3 Creating Multiple Input Gates.
2.2
Duality of Logic Functions.
2.2.1 Using NOR Gates to emulate all Logic Functions.
2.2.2 Using NAND Gates to Emulate all Logic Functions.
2.3
The Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Functions.
2.3.1 Symbols, Circuits and functions of XOR, XNOR Gates.
2.3.2 Truth Table and Boolean expression of both above mentioned Gates.
3.
BOOLEAN ALGEBRA.
3.1
Boolean Expressions.
3.1.1 Boolean Expressions and Truth Tables.
3.1.2 Minterm Expressions, Sum of Products
109
(08 Hours)
3.2
4.
5.
6.
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS.
6.1
Introduction to Sequential Logic.
6.1.1 Latches
6.1.2 RS Flip Flop
6.1.3 Clocked RS Flip Flop
6.2
JK Flip Flop
6.2.1 Operation of JK Flip Flop
6.2.2 Asynchronous Inputs
6.2.3 Synchronous Inputs
6.3
Triggers
6.3.1 Positive-Edge Trigger
6.3.2 Negative-Edge Trigger
(10
(08 Hours)
Hours)
(15 Hours)
110
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
7.
8.
8.2
(12 Hours)
(08 Hours)
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
8.2.5
Voltage Levels
Current Levels
Fan-out, Fan-in
Switching Characteristics- Propagation Delay, Noise Margin, Power
dissipation.
9.
10.
Memory
10.1 Memory Technology
10.2 General Memory Operation.
10.3 Memory Considerations
10.4 Types of Memories
10.4.1 ROM
10.4.2 RAM
10.4.3 SRAM
10.4.4 DRAM
10.4.5 PLDs.
10.4.6 Magnetic and Optical Memories
10.5 Applications in Digital systems.
11.
112
(08 Hours)
(08 Hours)
(06 Hours)
El.TR. 264:
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES.
1.
NUMBER SYSTEM.
1.1
Convert one number system to another system
1.1.1 Convert Binary numbers into Decimal numbers.
1.1.2 Convert Decimal numbers into Binary numbers.
1.1.3 Convert Hexadecimal numbers into Binary numbers.
1.1.4 Convert Binary numbers into Hexadecimal numbers.
1.1.5 Convert Hexadecimal numbers into Decimal numbers.
1.1.6 Convert Decimal numbers into Hexadecimal numbers.
2.
LOGIC GATES.
2.1
Explain Logic Gates.
2.1.1 Draw Symbols of OR gate.
2.1.2 Draw Circuit of two input OR gate.
2.1.3 Discuss function of OR gate.
2.1.4 Describe Truth Table of OR gate.
2.1.5 Describe Boolean expression for OR gate.
2.1.6 Repeat instructional objectives no. 2.1.1 to 2.1.5 for AND gate.
2.1.7 Repeat instructional objectives no. 2.1.1 to 2.1.5 for NOT circuit.
2.1.8 Repeat instructional objectives no. 2.1.1 to 2.1.5 for NOR gate.
2.1.9 Repeat instructional objectives no. 2.1.1 to 2.1.5 for NAND gate.
2.1.10 Create Multiple Input Gates.
2.2
Describe duality of Logic Functions.
2.2.1 Use NOR Gates to emulate all Logic Functions.
2.2.2 Use NAND Gates to emulate all Logic Functions.
2.3
Understand Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Functions.
2.3.1 Draw Symbols of XOR gate.
2.3.2 Draw Circuit of two input XOR gate.
2.3.3 Discuss function of XOR gate.
2.3.4 Describe Truth Table of XOR gate.
2.3.5 Describe Boolean expression for XOR gate.
2.3.6 Repeat instructional objectives no. 2.3.1 to 2.3.5 for XNOR gate.
3.
BOOLEAN ALGEBRA.
3.1
Use Boolean Expressions.
3.1.1 Use Boolean Expressions and Truth Tables.
3.1.2 Use Minterm Expressions, Sum of Products
3.1.3 Use Maxterm Expressions, Product of Sums.
3.1.4 Describe Un-simplified Boolean Expression & develop Schematic Circuits
3.2
Apply Logic Simplifications.
3.2.1 Use Boolean Simplification.
3.2.2 Use DeMorgans Theorems.
3.2.3 Use Karnaugh Mapping
4.
4.2
5.
5.2
6.
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS.
6.1
Understand Sequential Logic.
6.1.1 Describe Latches
6.1.2 Describe RS Flip Flop
6.1.3 Describe Clocked RS Flip Flop
6.2
Understand JK Flip Flop
6.2.1 Describe Operation of JK Flip Flop
6.2.2 Describe Asynchronous Inputs
6.2.3 Describe Synchronous Inputs
6.3
Understand Triggers
6.3.1 Describe Positive-Edge Trigger
6.3.2 Describe Negative-Edge Trigger
6.3.3 Describe Positive-Level Trigger (Latch)
6.3.4 Describe Negative-Level Trigger (Latch)
6.4
Discuss Flip Flops
6.4.1 Describe Master Slave Flip Flop
6.4.2 Describe D type Flip Flop
6.4.3 Describe T type Flip Flop
6.5
Flip Flop timing considerations.
6.5.1 Setup and Hold Times
6.5.2 Propagation Delays
6.5.3 Timing Limitations (Minimum Pulse Width)
6.6
Elementary applications of Flip Flops
6.6.1 Data Storage
114
6.7
7.
8.
9.
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4
9.2.5
10.
MEMORY
10.1 Discuss Memory Technologies.
10.2 Discuss General Memory Operation.
10.3 Describe Memory Considerations
10.4 List Types of Memories
10.4.1 Describe ROM
10.4.2 Describe RAM
10.4.3 Describe SRAM
10.4.4 Describe DRAM
10.4.5 Describe PLDs.
10.4.6 Describe Magnetic and Optical Memories
10.5 Discuss applications in Digital systems.
11.
116
El.TR 264:
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Use the data book for digital ICs and Reading of Pin-out Diagram.
2.
Assemble two inputs OR gate with the help of discrete components and verify its logic
operation.
3.
Assemble two inputs AND gate with the help of discrete components and verify its logic
operation.
4.
Assemble Binary Subtractor Circuit and verify its operation. NOT, OR and AND IC Gates.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
27.
28.
29.
30.
118
El.TR 271
PCB FABRICATION
T
0
P
3
C
1
Practice of etching
5-6.
Silk screen-printing
7-8.
32 Hrs.
12.
13.
Study number system of diodes, transistors, and ICs using data books.
14-15 Construct a voltage doubler & tripler with the help of PCB.
16.
17.
18-25. Construct the superhetrodyne receiver sections, with the help of PCB:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
Mgm-311
T
1
P
0
C
1
AIMS The study of this subject will enable the student to develop the management skill, acquaint him
with the principles of management and human relations and develop psychological approach to
solve the labour problems.
COURSE CONTENTS
1.
INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY.
1.1
History and definition.
1.2
Nature and scope.
2 Hours
2.
LEADERSHIP
2.1
Definition and types.
2.3
Qualities of a good leader.
1 Hour
3.
MOTIVATION
3.1
Definition.
3.2
Types (Financial and non- financial motives).
3.3
Conflict of motives.
4.
MORALE
4.1
Importance.
4.2
Development.
4.3
Measurement.
1 Hour
5.
HUMAN ENGINEERING.
5.1
Importance of human factor in industry.
5.2
Man-machine system.
5.3
Strategy for making allocation decisions.
1 Hour
6.
2 Hours
7.
INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
7.1
Psychological causes.
7.2
Objective causes.
7.3
Prevention
INDUSTRIAL PREJUDICE
8.1
Causes
8.2
Remedies
2 Hours
PUBLIC RELATIONS.
9.1
Importance
2 Hours
8.
9.
2 Hours
2 Hours
126
9.2
Functions
10.
2 Hours
11.
JOB EVALUATION
11.1 Importance
11.2 Methods
11.3 Job satisfaction
11.4 Work simplification.
2 Hours
12.
INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Functions of management.
12.3 Subdivisions of management
12.4 Objectives of industrial management.
2 Hours
13.
PERSONNEL SELECTION.
13.1 Recruitment of employees.
13.2 Training.
13.3 Effects of training on production and product cost.
2 Hours
14.
WORKING CONDITIONS.
14.1 Importance and consideration.
14.2 Effects on efficiency and per unit cost.
2 Hours
15.
127
3 Hours
2 Hours
2 Hours
Mgm-311
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
At the completion of this course, the students will be able to:
1.
2.
KNOW LEADERSHIP.
2.1
Define leadership.
2.2
Describe types of leadership.
2.3
State qualities of a good leader.
3.
UNDERSTAND MOTIVATION.
3.1
Define motivation.
3.2
Describe financial and non-financial motives.
3.3
Explain conflict of motives.
4.
KNOW MORALE.
4.1
State importance of morale.
4.2
Describe development of morale.
4.3
State the method of measurement of morale.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
129
OHSE -311
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COURSE CONTENTS
1.
2.
2.2
3.
4.
Key features of health and safety legislation and regulations. (04 Hours)
4.1
General Safety, health & Condition of work
4.1.1 Labour Code of Pakistan 1986
4.2
Industries and Occupations
4.2.1 Hazardous Occupation Rules 1963
4.2.2 The Factories Act 1934
4.2.3 Punjab Factories Rules 1978
Reference Books.
Safety Practices and Procedures by NISTE
Health and Safety Executive A Guide to Risk Assessment Requirements: Common Provisions
in Health and Safety Law (HSE Books, 1996) ISBN 0717612112
Health and Safety Executive Management of Health and Safety at Work (HSE
Books, 2000) ISBN 0717624889
131
OHSE -311
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
1.3
1.4
2.
Understand the consideration of the workplace and its potential for harm.
1.2.1 Describe confined spaces
1.2.2 Discuss working at heights
1.2.3 Discuss Electrical hazards
1.2.4 Discuss Chemicals related to hazards
1.2.5 Discus role of noise.
Understand Hazards which become risks:
1.3.1 Able to identification of minor or major risk
1.3.2 Describe potential to cause harm
1.3.3 Able to choosing appropriate control measures
1.3.4 Understand Electrical safety
1.3.4.1 Describe cause of injury in electrical work
1.3.4.2 Describe effects of electricity on the body
1.3.4.3 Describe circuit overloading
1.3.5 Understand Mechanical safety
1.3.5.1 Describe cause of injury in mechanical work
1.3.5.2 Discuss the role of rotating equipment in hazards.
1.3.5.3 Discuss the role of sharp edges in hazards.
Understand role of Safety Devices
1.4.1 Understand the role of residual current device (RCD)
1.4.2 Understand the role of fuses
1.4.3 Understand the role of guards
1.4.4 Understand the role of sensors
2.2.7
2.2.8
3.
Understand the Methods used when reporting and recording accidents and incidents.
3.1
Discuss why employers keep records of serious accidents, incidents and emergencies
3.2
Describe the responsibilities of competent persons
3.3
Discuss cost of accidents
3.4
Discuss recording of trends such as major causes, fatal and serious injury
3.5
Discuss methods of classification
3.6
Discuss statistics used in recording
3.7
Understand Recording and reporting procedures
3.7.1 Describe accident book, company procedures
3.7.2 Discuss the procedures to deal with near miss or dangerous occurrences
4.
133
134
135
2.
The Essentials of Computer Organization and Architecture by NULL, Linda,
Lobur, Julia (2006) (ISBN # 0763737696)
136
137
138
139
140
El.TR. 322
Analog Electronics
Digital Electronics
Electrical Instruments & Measurements
Objectives: After completion of this subject, the student will be able to
Acquire skill to maintain, service and troubleshoot electronics equipment
.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. Colour TV Receiver. (16 Hours)
1.1 VHF-UHF Tuner
1.2 IF Subsystem
1.3 Luminance Channel
1.4 Chroma Decoder
1.5 Colour Picture Tubes
1.6 Satellite TV Receivers
2. Camera Tubes (16 Hours)
2.1P
LIST OF PRACTICAL
1.
Introduction to servicing, Methods of servicing, Workshop precautions
2-3
Introduction of tools, equipment and instruments used in servicing process.
4-5
General specifications of tools, equipment and instruments used in servicing
process.
6-8. Fault and Symptoms of Different stages of radio receiver and measurement of
voltages with the help of DVM
9-10 Servicing faulty Multimeter analog or digital and write report.
11-12 Identify and locate the different sections of AF & RF signal generator.
13-14 Identify and locate the different sections of CRO.
15-18 Identify and locate the different sections of TV Receiver
19-20 Write a report after servicing a TV set, which Blow-off Fuse.
21-22 Servicing faulty Lab Supply and write a report.
23.
Servicing faulty EHT prob and write a report.
24-26 Write a report after servicing a TV Set which has no raster.
27-28 Servicing faulty CRO and write a report.
29-32 Servicing faulty over Head Projector/ Opaque Projector/ Slid Projector/ Film
Projector/ Multimedia Projector and write report.
33-34 Servicing faulty Function Generator and write a report.
35-36 Familiarization and servicing of IC tester (both analog and digital) and write
report.
37.
Familiarization and servicing of Dip meter and write report.
38.
Familiarization and servicing of Techometer (Stabroscope) and write report.
141
39.
40.
41.
42-43
44-46
47-48
49-52
53-56
57-58
59-60
61-64
142
El.TR. 332
PROJECT
T
0
P
6
143
C
2
El.TR-343
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
T
2
P
3
C
3
1.
2.
(05 Hours)
3.
TRANSDUCERS
3.1
Introduction of Transducers.
3.2
Strain Gauge.
3.3
Displacement Transducers.
3.3.1. Potentiometric Transducer.
3.3.2. Capacitive Transducer.
(10 Hours)
144
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
4.
CONTROL OF SYSTEMS.
4.1
Fundamentals of Control System.
4.1.1 Control variables
4.1.2 Open loop control system.
4.1.3 Closed loop control system.
4.1.4 Final control elements.
4.1.5 On-off control.
4.2
PI Controller.
4.2.1 Fundamentals
4.2.2 Proportional Band.
4.2.3 Application.
4.3
PD Controller.
4.3.1 Fundamentals
4.3.2 Integration time.
4.4
PI, PD and PID Controllers.
4.4.1 Calibration and application.
4.4.2 Characteristics
4.5
Servo System.
4.5.1 Loop presentation.
4.5.2 Armature and field controls.
4.5.3 Servo Block characteristics.
4.5.4 Synchors, transmitter and transformer.
4.5.5 Velocity feedback.
4.5.6 Speed control.
4.5.7 Transient response
4.5.8 Automatic voltage stabilizer (servo type)
5.
(16 Hours)
5.6.4
5.6.5
5.5.6
NAND)
Timers
Counters
Simple PLC Programming.
6.
(04 Hours)
7.
INTRODUCTION TO ROBBOTICS
7.1
Introduction of robotics
7.2
Types of robots
7.3
Programming robots
7.4
Application of Robotics in Industry.
(04 Hours)
8.
INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATION.
8.1
Definition of Industrial Instrumentation.
8.2
Types of Industrial Instrumentation.
8.3
Benefits of Industrial Instrumentation.
8.4
Costs of Industrial Instrumentation in Plants.
8.5
Speed of Signal
8.6
Standard supplies (Electronic and pneumatic)
8.7
Standard Signals
8.8
Signal Transmission and reception
8.9
errors in transmission
8.10 accuracy and precision.
8.11 Analog and Digital Instruments
8.12 Application of Industrial Instrumentation in Plant.
(10 Hours)
9.
(02 Hours)
146
ELTR-343
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1.
2.
2.17
2.18
3.
4.
UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF
CONTROL SYSTEM.
4.1
List the basic control variables.
4.1.1 Draw the block diagram of open-loop control system.
4.1.2 Identify the function of each block of the system.
4.1.3 List the applications of open-loop control system.
4.1.4 Draw the block diagram of closed-loop control system.
4.1.5 Identify the function of each block of closed-loop control system.
4.1.6 List the uses of closed-loop control system.
4.1.7 Describe the function of final control element.
4.1.8 Draw the diagram of on-off control system.
4.1.9 Explain the working of on-off control.
148
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.
6.
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.3
7.
INTRODUCTION TO ROBBOTICS
7.1
Define robotics
7.2
Discuss types of robots
7.3
Describe Programming for robots
7.4
Discuss application of Robotics in Industry.
8.
INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATION.
8.1
Define of Industrial Instrumentation.
8.2
Describe Types of Industrial Instrumentation.
8.3
Discuss benefits of Industrial Instrumentation.
8.4
Discuss costs of Industrial Instrumentation in Plants.
8.5
Describe Speed of Signal
8.6
Discuss standard supplies (Electronic and Pneumatic)
8.7
Describe Standard Signals
8.8
Explain Signal Transmission and reception
8.9
Discuss errors in transmission
8.10 Discuss accuracy and precision.
8.11 Differentiate between Analog and Digital Instruments
8.12 Explain application of Industrial Instrumentation in Plant.
9.
150
El.TR 343:
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
1.
96 Hours
Demonstrate the performance and parlington pair transistor circuit and enlist its
specifications.
The study the performance of a transistor switching with an inductive load and
determine the need of protective diode.
To construct a UJT relaxation oscillator, control its frequency
4.
b)
Pulse Stretcher.
c)
5.
6.
7.
b)
c)
d)
e)
8.
9.
10.
b)
11.
12.
b)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Industrial visit to : Demonstrate PI, PD, and PDI controllers. Write a visit report.
22.
23.
24.
25.
25.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
152
El.TR-353
POWER ELECTRONICS
T
2
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3
C
3
Electronics Devices
Electrical Machines
AIMS After studying the subject the student will be able to:
1.
To understand the operation of Power Devices.
2.
To understand the working of Power Electronics Circuits.
COURSE CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1.
(04 Hours)
2.
(10 Hours)
3.
3.4
4.
POWER THYRISTORS.
4.1
Introduction to Power Thyristors.
4.2
Power SCR.
4.3
Characteristics of Power SCRs.
4.4
Series operation of Power SCRs.
4.5
Parallel operation of Power SCRs.
4.6
SCR firing circuits.
5.
CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS.
(10 Hours)
5.1
Introduction of controlled rectifiers.
5.2
Principles of Phase- Controlled Converter Operation.
5.3
Single Phase Semi converters.
5.3.1 Single Phase Semi converter with RL Load.
5.4
Single Phase Full Converters.
5.4.1 Single Phase Full converter with RL Load.
5.5
Three Phase Half Wave Converters.
5.6
Three Phase Semi Converters
5.6.1 Three Phase Semi converter with RL Load.
5.7
Three Phase Full Converters.
5.7.1 Three Phase Full converter with RL Load.
DC CHOPPERS
6.1
Introduction to DC Choppers.
6.2
Principle of Step-Down Operation.
6.3
Step-Down Chopper with RL load
6.4
Principle of Step-Up Operation
6.5
Chopper Classification
6.6
Switching-Mode Regulators
6.6.1 Buck Regulators
6.6.2 Boost Regulators
6.6.3 Buck-Boost Regulators
6.6.4 Cuk Regulators
6.6.5 Limitations of Single-Stage Conversion
INVERTERS
7.1
Introduction to Inverters.
7.2
Principle of Operation of Inverters.
7.3
Single Phase Bridge Inverters.
7.4
Three-Phase Inverters
7.4.1 180-Degree Conduction
7.4.2 120-Degree Conduction
7.5
Voltage Control of Single-Phase Inverters.
7.5.1 Single-Pulse Width Modulation
7.5.2 Multi-Pulse-Width Modulation
154
(08 Hours)
(10 Hours)
(12 Hours)
7.5.3
7.5.4
7.5.5
155
ELTR-353
POWER ELECTRONICS
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1.
2.
3.
3.3.2
3.4
4.
POWER THYRISTORS.
4.1
Define the Power Thyristors.
4.1.1 Enlist the types of Power Thyristors.
4.2
Describe the construction of Power SCR with diagrams.
4.2.1 State the working of SCR
4.2.2 Describe the methods to Turn ON the SCR
4.2.3 Describe the methods of Turn OFF the SCR
4.3
State the v-i Characteristics of Power SCRs.
4.3.1 Explain the Two Transistor Model.
4.4
State the need of connecting Power SCRs in Series with circuit diagrams
and v-i characteristics
4.5
State the need of connecting Power SCRs in Parallel with circuit diagrams
and v-i characteristics.
4.6
Describe need of the SCR firing
4.6.1 State the types of SCR firing methods.
5.
CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS.
5.1
Define the controlled rectifiers.
5.1.1 Enlist the types of rectifiers with respect to Supply and their
operation
5.2
Explain the operation of Phase- Controlled Converter.
5.3
Define Single Phase Semi converters.
5.3.1 Draw the circuit diagram of Single Phase Semi converter
5.3.2 Explain its working with the help of waveforms with RL Load.
5.3.3 State the uses of Single Phase Semi Converters.
5.3.4 Simple calculations.
5.4
State Single Phase Full Converters.
5.4.1 Draw the circuit diagram of Single Phase Full converter.
5.4.2 Explain its working with the help of waveforms with RL Load.
5.4.3 State the uses of Single Phase Semi Converters.
5.4.3 State the uses of Single Phase Full converter.
5.4.4 Simple calculations.
5.5
Explain the working of Three Phase Half Wave Converters.
5.6
Describe the Three Phase Semi converters
5.6.1 Draw the circuit diagram of Three Phase Semi converter.
5.6.2 Explain its working with the help of waveforms with RL Load.
5.6.3 State the uses of Three Phase Semi converter.
157
5.7
DC CHOPPERS
6.1
Define DC Choppers.
6.2
Describe the principle of Step-Down Operation.
6.2.1. Draw the circuit diagram of Step- Down chopper with resistive
load.
6.2.2. Discuss operation of Step- Down chopper with resistive load.
6.2.3. Discuss constant frequency operation.
6.2.4. Discuss variable frequency operation.
6.3
Describe the operation of Step-Down Chopper with RL load.
6.3.1. Draw the circuit diagram of Step- Down chopper with RL load.
6.3.2. Discuss operation of Step- Down chopper with RL load.
6.4
Describe the principle of Step-Up Operation.
6.5
Discuss Chopper Classification
6.5.1. State the operation of Class A Chopper.
6.5.1. State the operation of Class B Chopper.
6.5.1. State the operation of Class C Chopper.
6.5.1. State the operation of Class D Chopper.
6.5.1. State the operation of Class E Chopper.
6.6
Explain the principle of Switching-Mode Regulators
6.6.1. Draw the block diagram of Switching-Mode Regulator
6.6.2. Discuss the operation of Switching-Mode Regulator.
6.6.3. List the four basic topologies of Switching-Mode Regulators
6.6.3.1 Discuss the operation of Buck Regulators
6.6.3.2.
Discuss the operation of Boost Regulators
6.6.3.3.
Discuss the operation of Buck-Boost Regulators
6.6.3.4.
Discuss the operation of Cuk Regulators
6.6.5 Discuss the limitations of Single-Stage Conversion
INVERTERS
7.1
Define Inverter.
7.1.1 State Need of Inverters.
7.2
Explain the working Principle of Inverters.
7.2.1 Draw the circuit diagram of Inverters.
7.2.2 Explain the working of Inverter with waveforms.
7.3
Draw the circuit diagram of Single Phase Bridge Inverters.
Explain the working of Single Phase Bridge inverters with waveforms and
equations.
7.3.1 Simple calculations of Single Phase Bridge Inverters.
7.4
Explain Three-Phase Inverters
7.4.1 Draw the circuit diagram of Three-Phase Inverters for 180-Degree
Conduction
7.4.2 Describe its working with waveforms and equations.
7.4.3 Simple calculations of Three-Phase Inverters for 180-Degree
158
Conduction
Draw the circuit diagram of Three-Phase Inverters for 120-Degree
Conduction
7.4.6 Explain its working with waveforms and equations.
7.4.7 Simple calculations of Three-Phase Inverters for 120-Degree
Conduction
Enlist Techniques for Voltage Control of Single-Phase Inverters.
7.5.1 Explain the Single-Pulse Width Modulation to control voltage of
Single-Phase Inverters.
7.5.2 Explain the Multi-Pulse-Width Modulation to control voltage of
Single-Phase Inverters.
7.5.3 Explain the Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation to control voltage
of Single-Phase Inverters.
7.5.4 Explain the Modified Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation to
control voltage of Single-Phase Inverters.
7.5.5 Explain the Phase-Displacement Control to control voltage of
Single-Phase Inverters.
7.4.5
7.5
159
El.TR 353:
POWER ELECTRONICS
LIST OF PRACTICAL:
96 Hours
Assemble a Single Phase Half Wave Diode Rectifiers with resistive load and study its
operation.
6.
Assemble a Single Phase Half Wave Diode Rectifiers with inductive load and study its
operation.
7. Assemble a Single Phase Half Wave Diode Rectifiers with capacitive load and study its
operation.
160
161
El.TR- 363
P
3
C
3
64 Hours
96 Hours.
Prerequisites:Digital Electronics
AIMS After studying the subject the student will be able to:
1.
To understand the architecture of microcontroller.
2.
To understand the role of microcontroller in control.
3.
To develop a program for a microcontroller.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. Microcontroller Basics
(08 Hours)
1.1. Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller
1.2. Use of microcontroller in industry and general life
1.3. Need of programming microcontroller
1.4. Use of flow chart in programming
1.5. Different parts of flow charts
1.6. Flow of flow charts
2. Microcontroller Architecture
(06 Hours)
2.1.
General Block Diagram of a microcontroller.
2.2.
Operation of each block
2.3.
Buses
3. Microcontroller Instruction Sets.
3.1.
Data Transfer Instructions
3.2.
Logic and Shift Instructions.
3.3.
Arithmetic Instructions.
(06 hours)
4. Memory Interface
(03 Hours)
4.1.
Basic concept of memory interfacing
5. Addressing Modes
(04 hours)
5.1.
Different Addressing Modes
5.2.
Application of Addressing mode in programming
6. Assembly level Language programming (06 Hours)
6.1.
Basic requirements of Assembly Language programming
6.2.
Assembler Directives
6.3.
Use of Instructions and modes of Addressing in Assembly language
Programming.
162
7. Program development
7.1.
Data Structures and Program Loops
7.2.
Stack and Subroutines
7.3.
Timer Functions
7.4.
Input Capture
7.5.
Output Capture
7.6.
Program development
(12 Hours)
(05 Hours)
163
El.TR- 363
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. Understand Microcontroller Basics
1.1. Differentiate between microprocessor and microcontroller
1.2. Discuss the use of microcontroller in industry and general life
1.3. Describe the need of programming microcontroller
1.4. Discuss the use of flow chart in programming
1.4.1. Express different parts of flow charts
1.4.2. Express flow of flow charts
2. Understand Microcontroller Architecture
2.1.
Draw General Block Diagram of a microcontroller.
2.2.
Discuss operation of each block
2.3.
Discuss Buses in mirocontrollers
3. Apply Microcontroller Instruction Sets.
2.1.Explain Data Transfer Instructions
2.2.
Explain Logic and Shift Instructions.
2.3.
Explain Arithmetic Instructions.
4. Understand Memory Interface
Describe basic concepts of memory interfacing.
5. Apply Addressing Modes
Explain different Addressing Modes
Apply of Addressing mode in programming.
6. Understand Assembly level Language programming
Explain basic requirements of Assembly Language programming
Describe Assembler Directives
Use of Instructions and modes of Addressing in Assembly language
Programming.
7. Understand Program development
Discuss Data Structures and Program Loops
Discuss Stack and Subroutines
Describe Timer Functions
Describe Input Capture
Describe Output Capture
Explain Program development.
8. Use Interrupts and interrupt applications
Discuss type of interrupts
Discuss role of interrupts in programming
Describe Real Time Interrupt Functions.
9. Understand Peripheral Support chip
164
165
El.TR 363
LIST OF PRACTICAL
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
166