This document provides an investment thesis for Hertz (HTZ) stock from three Columbia MBA students. They recommend buying HTZ stock with a target share price of $36, representing 52% upside from the current price. The thesis cites four main points of value: 1) the market underestimates the positive impact of Hertz's merger with Dollar Thrifty on industry dynamics; 2) used car price declines are mitigated by Hertz's strategies; 3) Hertz has growth opportunities in the US; and 4) divesting equipment rental would reduce debt and unlock value.
This document provides an investment thesis for Hertz (HTZ) stock from three Columbia MBA students. They recommend buying HTZ stock with a target share price of $36, representing 52% upside from the current price. The thesis cites four main points of value: 1) the market underestimates the positive impact of Hertz's merger with Dollar Thrifty on industry dynamics; 2) used car price declines are mitigated by Hertz's strategies; 3) Hertz has growth opportunities in the US; and 4) divesting equipment rental would reduce debt and unlock value.
This document provides an investment thesis for Hertz (HTZ) stock from three Columbia MBA students. They recommend buying HTZ stock with a target share price of $36, representing 52% upside from the current price. The thesis cites four main points of value: 1) the market underestimates the positive impact of Hertz's merger with Dollar Thrifty on industry dynamics; 2) used car price declines are mitigated by Hertz's strategies; 3) Hertz has growth opportunities in the US; and 4) divesting equipment rental would reduce debt and unlock value.
This document provides an investment thesis for Hertz (HTZ) stock from three Columbia MBA students. They recommend buying HTZ stock with a target share price of $36, representing 52% upside from the current price. The thesis cites four main points of value: 1) the market underestimates the positive impact of Hertz's merger with Dollar Thrifty on industry dynamics; 2) used car price declines are mitigated by Hertz's strategies; 3) Hertz has growth opportunities in the US; and 4) divesting equipment rental would reduce debt and unlock value.
The report recommends buying Hertz stock and outlines four drivers of value: the Dollar Thrifty merger, underestimated levers against falling used car prices, US revenue growth opportunities, and value unlock from divesting equipment rental.
Completion of industry consolidation improves competitiveness; underestimated impact of Dollar Thrifty merger; underestimated levers against falling used car prices; revenue and cost synergies from Dollar Thrifty acquisition.
Strong revenue growth opportunities exist in the US car rental market through the Hertz, Dollar, and Thrifty brands.
Stephen Lieu '14 ([email protected]) Rahul Raymoulik '14 ([email protected]) Investment Thesis Multiple Drivers of Value We recommend investors buy Hertz (HTZ) stock with a target share price of $36.00, which represents ~52% upside from the current share price Four Main Points to Investment Thesis The market significantly underestimates the impact of Hertz's recent merger with Dollar Thrifty, which marks the completion of a ten-year consolidation that dramatically improves the competitive dynamics of the industry The market underestimates the levers Hertz can pull to counter the negative impact of falling used car prices Hertz has strong revenue growth opportunities in the U.S. and will realize significant revenue and cost synergies through its acquisition of Dollar Thrifty Divestiture of non-core Equipment Rental business would unlock substantial value by deleveraging the balance sheet 2 As of 4/19/13; in USD m except per share data Stock Price $23.72 Diluted Shares Outstanding (M) 462.0 Market Cap $10,959 Corporate Debt 6,545 Cash (1,105) Unfunded Pension Liability 227 Enterprise Value $16,626 52-Week Range $10.22-$24.28 Dividend Yield 0.0% Avg. Daily Volume (M) 7.7 Short Interest as % of Float 11.0% 2013e 2014e EV / Revenue 1.5x 1.4x EV / EBITDA 7.4x 6.4x P / E 12.5x 9.9x Current Capitalization Trading Statistics Summary Valuation Business Overview Car Rental (2012 rev: $7.6bn): Operates through the Hertz, Dollar and Thrifty brands. Rents cars that the company owns or leases. Maintains a substantial network of car rental locations both in the United States and internationally, and the largest number of airport car rental locations in the world Equipment Rental (2012 rev: $1.4bn): Operates through HERC brand. Rents a broad range of industrial, construction and material handling equipment. Also sells new equipment and consumables. One of the largest equipment rental companies in North America 3 Business Description Rental Locations Revenue Breakdown With the acquisition of Dollar Thrifty, the Company has over 10,000 locations across the United States and 17 other countries International Countries Puerto Rico France Slovakia U.S. Virgin Islands Germany United Kingdom Canada Italy China Brazil Luxembourg Australia Belgium Netherlands New Zealand Czech Republic Spain Segment Geography U.S. Intl Total Staffed rental locations 3,210 1,215 4,425 Airport 642 304 946 Off-airport 2,568 911 3,479 Non-staffed locations 1,360 150 1,510 Total Corporate 4,570 1,365 5,935 Franchised / Licensee 4,335 Total Locations 10,270 Car Rental 85% Equip ment Rental 15% United States 70% Intl 30% Consolidation Improves Industry Competitive Dynamics 4 Pricing Environment Already Improving Hertz's acquisition of Dollar Thrifty marks the completion of an industry consolidation that, over the past ten years, has gone from six separate rental car companies to only three today The three remaining players now have incentive to focus on profitability instead of market share Focus Shifted to Profitability Industry Consolidation 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6 2 0 0 7 2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 2 Enterprise Hertz Avis Dollar / Thrifty National / Alamo Budget Other $25 $35 $45 $55 $65 J a n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p t O c t N o v D e c 2011 2012 2013 Market Underestimates Improved Pricing Environment 5 We made a strategic decision to minimize our participation with less profitable commercial accounts. Hertz CEO in February 2013 Overly Conservative Pricing Guidance Strong Pricing Environment w/ Price Signaling We're seeing our competitors move for profitability, rather than share, and that has a positive impact on all of us. Avis CFO in February 2013 We've been very aggressive in initiating price increases over the last 4 months or so and I think that's had a positive impact. And we've seen a fairly good matching of increases by both Hertz and the Enterprise. Avis CFO in March 2013 Impact of Pricing on Valuation On pricing, it's very conservative assumptions where we really don't try to assume any price increases in our models. Hertz CEO in April 2013 1% increase in U.S. RPD results in a 6% increase in share price Management's revenue and EPS guidance assumes no pricing growth Sell-side analyst consensus estimates assume a 1% increase in pricing One of the headlines I'd like to make is we don't want to gain share by reducing price. We want to gain share by increasing value, and that's how we're doing it. Hertz CEO in April 2013 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 2014e EBITDA $2,610 $2,734 $2,859 $2,985 $3,112 $3,239 2014e EPS $2.44 $2.62 $2.79 $2.96 $3.14 $3.31 Price Target $30.80 $32.88 $34.97 $37.08 $39.20 $41.34 PT % Increase 6.8% 6.4% 6.0% 5.7% 5.4% Sensitivity to U.S. RPD Growth Y/Y Misunderstood Impact of Used Car Prices 6 Hertz Does Not Track Manheim Index 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 J a n - 1 1
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Manheim Index Hertz Residual Values +10% -3% Non-Program Car Purchases Reduce Fleet Costs Sharp Decline in Program Car Purchases: Since 2006, the percentage of program cars purchased fell from 61% to just 19% today. Program cars are repurchased by car manufacturers for a specific price Save 1% on auto purchase price Allow for more profitable resale channels Significant Shift Away from Auctions: Since 2009, auction sales fell from 88% of non-program car sales to just 33% today Only Halfway Through this Successful Transition: Depreciation per month should be flat (even if used car prices fall) as fewer program cars are purchased and more profitable channels are utilized Strong Growth Opportunities in U.S. 12% share in a three-player market: Since 2006, Hertz has increased its off-airport locations by more than 60% and expects a 9.6% increase in 2013. It has a significant opportunity to capture more share from the insurance replacement market Significant opportunity to expand Dollar Thrifty to off-airport locations 7 Off-Airport Locations 14% yoy Growth Hourly Rentals 30% yoy growth Value Segment 25% yoy Growth Dollar Thrifty will capitalize on value trend: The value segment is the fastest growing on-airport rental car market with over 25% growth in 2012. We expect the Dollar Thrifty brands to continue double-digit growth in 2013- 2014 Hertz On Demand (hourly rentals) will expand to 3,500 locations by Q3 2013: We expect little to no cannibalization from the continued expansion of this business All of Hertz's ~500,000 U.S. vehicles will have On Demand technology by the end of FY2014 24/7 Video Kiosks Increase Efficiency Expands Hours to 24/7: Self-serve kiosks allows 24/7 rentals, which increases fleet utilization in a cost-effective manner Allows for Rapid Expansion of Off-Airport Network: Asset-light model will increase returns on capital. Kiosks make it significantly easier to move into body shops, auto dealerships, and hotels Significantly Reduces Labor Costs: Live agents maintain a high-quality, personal experience for customers in a cost-effective manner Significant Synergies from Dollar Thrifty Acquisition 8 Revenue Synergies ~$300 million Cost Synergies ~$300 million Leverage Global Partners: Hertz's travel partners such as airlines, hotels, and AAA currently represent 30% of Hertz revenue. These partners have strong interest in adding the Dollar Thrifty brands. Lufthansa and AAA have already started to offer all three brands Europe Corporate Expansion: Dollar Thrifty currently has no corporate locations in Europe. Hertz is adding Dollar Thrifty to its European locations Expand Off Airport: Hertz is adding the Dollar Thrifty brands to the majority of its off-airport locations Fleet: With the combined company, Hertz will see savings from more efficient buying, selling, and optimizing vehicle usage during ownership IT: Savings driven by the roll-out of advanced technology to Dollar Thrifty Procurement: The combined company will see savings from more efficient non-fleet purchasing Financing, Other: DTGs blended fleet interest rate is 4.9% while Hertz's is 4.0%. The combined company will be able to command lower financing rates Leverage Global Partners, 40% Europe Corporate Expansion, 37% Expand Off Airport, 17% Other, 6% Revenue Synergies $300M Fleet, 40% IT, 31% Procurement, 15% Financing, Other, 14% Cost Synergies $300M HERC Divestiture 20% Incremental Upside 9 HERC operates in an extremely cyclical and fragmented industry, follows an acquisitive growth strategy, and has caused a chronic drag on Hertz's consolidated ROIC relative to the car rental business We believe divesting HERC would be most prudent for the company as it would: Significantly deleverage Hertz's balance sheet and help the company reach investment grade corporate debt rating sooner Lower interest expense and unlock value by causing an immediate EPS accretion in the range of $0.14-$0.19 plus additional value of $2.90 per share Allow deployment of FCF towards a share buyback and/or dividend program Allow Hertz management to focus solely on the core and higher-return car rental business, Dollar Thrifty integration, and new growth areas Allow HERC management to focus on growing the business organically and through acquisitions Potential buyers of HERC include United Rentals, Sunbelt Rentals, and private equity firms We've always maintained the position that if there was a reason to divest it that was shareholder friendly, we're not resistant to looking at other things and other variables in terms of the equipment rental business. Hertz CEO in February 2013 Proceeds from Sale of HERC Before Divestiture Sale Spinoff HERC EBITDA (2014e) $675 After-Tax Proceeds $0 $3,820 $2,836 x EV/EBITDA 6.2x Long-term debt (2013e) 6,184 2,363 3,348 Pre-tax proceeds $4,187 Total Debt / EBITDA 2.6x 1.2x 1.7x Cost Basis 3,140 Interest Expense 340 83 117 Gain on Sale 1,047 Blended Cost of Debt 5.5% 3.5% 3.5% Tax on Gain 366 Fleet Interest 343 300 300 After-Tax Proceeds $3,820 Fleet Interest Rate 4.0% 3.5% 3.5% Decrease in Interest Expense 300 266 Proceeds from Monetizing Spin-off Net Income less income from HERC 87 65 HERC EBITDA (2014e) $675 EPS $0.19 $0.14 x Debt / EBITDA 4.2x Forward P / E 12.5x 12.5x After-tax proceeds $2,836 Increase in Value per Share from EPS $2.35 $1.75 Remaining Value to Shareholders 1,350 Remaining Value per Share 2.90 Total Value to Shareholders $2.35 $4.65 Valuation Analysis 10 Hertz currently trades at 7.4x forward EV/EBITDA versus its pre-crisis average of 8.5x On a forward P/E basis, Hertz currently trades at 12.5x This is a significant discount relative to its historical average forward P/E of 14.0x and pre-crisis average of 15.4x Based on an average of P/E, EV/EBITDA and SOTP analysis, we arrive at a target share price of $36 or +52% upside to today's share price Divestiture of HERC would lead to incremental 20% upside Methodology Target Price ($ millions except per share) Base Bear Bull Street FY2014 Estimates Car Rental EBITDA $2,413 $1,828 $2,727 $2,143 Equipment Rental EBITDA 509 432 539 453 Consolidated EBITDA $2,922 $2,261 $3,266 $2,596 EPS $2.87 $1.90 $3.39 $2.38 Target Forward Multiples P/E 12.5x 11.0x 13.0x 12.5x EV/EBITDA 7.4x 6.0x 8.0x 7.4x SOTP: Car Rental 7.4x 6.0x 8.0x 7.4x SOTP: Equipment Rental 6.2x 5.0x 6.5x 6.2x Price per Share P/E x EPS $35.93 $20.91 $44.06 $29.80 EV/EBITDA x EBITDA $36.73 $18.87 $46.90 $31.53 SOTP $35.41 $17.89 $45.16 $30.36 Target Price $36.00 $19.00 $45.00 $30.56 Upside (Downside) 52% (20%) 90% 29% Key Assumptions RPD CAGR (FY'12-'14) 2.5% (1.0%) 3.5% 0%-1% Manheim Index CAGR (FY'12-'14) (3.0%) (5.0%) (2.0%) (2%)-(4%) Chg. in Residual Value due to Channel Mix Shift $256 $0 $383 $125-$175 Cost Synergies (FY2014) $250 $150 $300 $300 Strong Management Team & Cash Returns Strong management team with laser focus on costs, returns, and customer satisfaction Sales per employee +6% and operating margin +520bps from 2008 to 2012 Management incentives are aligned with shareholders Changing incentives: increased weighting of EVA reflects structurally healthier company and industry Consistently conservative guidance: Frissora has beaten the high end of his guidance every year except 2008 11 Key Management Cash Return to Shareholders
Elyse Douglas Chief Financial Officer Mark P. Frissora Chairman & CEO Strong FCF generation would allow Hertz to pay down corporate debt and achieve target Net Debt/EBITDA ratio of 1.6x by 2014 Management has repeatedly asserted that Hertz will return cash to shareholders once it meets its target leverage ratio We expect Net Debt/EBITDA to fall below 1.6x in 2014, which should be followed by significant dividend and/or share repurchase programs Payout of 35% of FCF as share repurchase could accelerate EPS growth by an incremental +6% There was one time when we had a customer complain to corporate. Frissora happened to be in town that week and showed up here unannounced in jeans and a sweater to figure out with us a way we could resolve the issue. Manager, Hertz Off-Airport Manhattan Location Risks and Mitigants 12 A drop in global GDP or enplanements could materially impact Hertz's profitability Hertz has been profitable through cycles. During phases of weak demand, Hertz sells down its fleet to cut capacity and maintain stable pricing. In 2008 and 2009, Hertz reduced its fleet size by 1% and 10% and earned $237 and $199 (EBT) respectively We believe that Hertz's shift to off-airport locations, especially the non-cyclical insurance market, mitigates this risk
Our expectations of a cooperative oligopoly could be incorrect We believe that there is a high probability that Hertz, Avis, and Enterprise will avoid destructive price wars, especially given the changing incentives and price signaling seen from Hertz
Given Hertz's high financial leverage, rising interest rates may adversely impact profitability and FCF conversion The option to sell HERC and use the sale proceeds to pay down debt mitigates this risk Investment Recommendation: Buy Hertz at $23 13 Industry consolidation dramatically improves pricing environment Used car market risk is misunderstood Strong revenue growth opportunities in the U.S. and significant revenue and cost synergies from Dollar Thrifty acquisition Divestiture of Equipment Rental segment would unlock substantial value Multiple drivers to realize Hertz's intrinsic value of $36 per share 1 2 3 4 Primary Research Source List 14 Mark Frissora Chairman & CEO Elyse Douglas Senior Exec. VP & CFO Scott Sider President RAC Americas Lois Boyd President Hertz Equipment Rental Tom Callahan President Donlen Bob Stuart Exec. VP Global Sales & Marketing Rob Moore Sr. VP, IT Services Scott Massengill Sr. VP & Treasurer Jatindar Kapur Sr. VP & Corporate Controller Cannot disclose Tech Initiative Project Manager Cannot disclose Former Sr. Director of Remarketing Cannot disclose Dealer Direct Salesman Cannot disclose Former Hertz Franchisee Current and Former Employees Luke Froeb Former Chief Economist of the FTC Tom Webb Chief Economist of Manheim Neil Abrams Leading Industry Source for Pricing Scott White Former Head of Bus Dev at Budget John Hunt Hunt Ford Chrysler Dealer Principal
Industry Sources Oscar Schafer Rivulet Capital Michael Smeets** Fir Tree Partners Dan Monaco Fidelity Investments Dennis Hong Altimeter Capital Steve Bischoff 40 North Industries Current Shareholders Michael Karsch Karsch Capital Management Anna Baghdasaryan** Ethan Binder Slate Path Capital Danilo Santiago Rational Asset Management Jon Luft Eagle Capital Partners Cristiano Amoruso** Starboard Value Pallav Gupta MSD Capital Jason Perri Apollo Global Management Investment team Roystone Capital Other Investment Funds David Lim Wells Fargo Chris Agnew MKM Partners Sell-Side Analysts ** Former Pershing Square Challenge Winner Supplementary Materials
15 16 Table of Contents Appendix A: Thesis 17 Industry Consolidation 18 Used Car Market 27 Growth Opportunities 38 Dollar Thrifty Acquisition 42 Equipment Rental Business 44
Appendix B: Base Case Financials and Valuation 46 Financial Summary 47 EPS Bridge 53 EBITDA Bridge 54 Model Sensitivities 55 Equity Trading Comps 56 Sum-of-the-Parts Valuation 58 Unit Economics 59
Appendix D: Ownership 66 Private Equity Ownership 67 Current Shareholder Base 68
Appendix E: Additional Analysis 69 Industrys Improved Pricing Sustainable? 70 Rental Car Pricing Sources 71 Why Hertz Over Avis? 72 European Car Rental Market 73 Economic Downturn 74 Debunking Myths About Hertz 75 Stock Price History 76 Competitor Overview - Avis 77 Fit with Pershing Square Criteria 78
Appendix F: Downside Case Financials 79
Appendix G: Upside Case Financials 85
Appendix H: Team Member Bios 91 Appendix A: Thesis
17 Industry Consolidation Timeline 18 A Series of Acquisitions have Consolidated the Car Rental Market 2002 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 November 2002: Avis acquires Budget August 2007: Enterprise acquires National / Alamo March 2009: Hertz acquires Advantage October 2011: Avis acquires Avis Europe November 2012: Hertz acquires Dollar Thrifty March 2013: Avis acquires ZipCar
Hertz Corporation
Avis Budget Corp
Enterprise Holdings Industry Consolidation Current Snapshot 19 Today, Three Players Comprise >90% of the U.S. Rental Car Industry U.S. Market Share Over Time 20 Source: Auto Rental News 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Other Budget National / Alamo Dollar / Thrifty Avis Hertz Enterprise U.S. Market Share: On-Airport and Off-Airport 21 On-Airport Market in U.S. Off-Airport Market in U.S. ~$12.5 billion market Other 2% Avis Budget 26% Enterprise 33% Hertz 39% Other 9% Avis Budget 10% Enterprise 69% Hertz 12% ~$11.0 billion market U.S. Car Rental RPD Hertz Since Hertz's IPO in late 2006, Hertz's U.S. rental car rates (RPD) have decreased 19 out of the past 24 quarters, including the last nine quarters Following the close of the Dollar Thrifty acquisition in November 2012, Hertz's management noted that U.S. pricing improved during the latter portion of the fourth quarter, culminating in December airport RPD increasing 1.6% and January airport RPD increasing 6.0% 22 Hertz has seen pricing improve since the Dollar Thrifty acquisition (8%) (6%) (4%) (2%) 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% R P D
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Hertz U.S. RPD Growth (y/y) U.S. Car Rental RPD Avis Since Q1 2007, Avis' U.S. rental car rates (RPD) have decreased 17 out of the past 24 quarters, including the last 11 quarters Following the close of the Dollar Thrifty acquisition in November 2012, Avis' management noted that U.S. pricing improved in December, January, February and March 23 Avis has seen pricing improve since the Dollar Thrifty acquisition (4%) (2%) 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% R P D
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Avis U.S. RPD Growth (y/y) Post-Consolidation Pricing Environment 24 With respect to pricing, we are seeing a pretty healthy environment toward the end of the fourth quarter and into the first quarter. And I think there are a few things that are probably driving it. The first is that we've redoubled our own efforts to push for pricing wherever we can. And I think those are having an impact. I think we have an industry that is generally right-fleeted. And then on top of that, I think we're seeing our competitors move for profitability, rather than share or other potential objectives, and that has a positive impact on all of us. - Avis CFO in March 2013 We've been very aggressive in initiating price increases over the last 4 months or so (post the Dollar Thrifty acquisition), and I think that's had a positive impact. What we watch for is the extent to which our competitors react to that with increases. And we've seen a fairly good matching of increases by both Hertz and the Enterprise. Avis CFO in March 2013 One of the headlines I'd like to make is we don't want to gain share by reducing price. We want to gain share by increasing value, and that's how we're doing it. Hertz CEO in April 2013 We made a strategic decision to minimize our participation with less profitable commercial accounts. In January commercial revenue per day was actually positive compared with the prior year. Hertz CEO in February 2013 Unprecedented RAC pricing is converting skeptics to believers. U.S. RAC pricing turned positive just after HTZ- DTG, fuelling the bull case for a new era of pricing power (top 3 players control 98% of U.S. on-airport). U.S. pricing was +5% in Jan and also strong in Feb/Mar. Avis initiated another price increase effective for Apr 8, which was quickly followed by Enterprise. - Morgan Stanley in March 2013 Post-Consolidation Pricing Environment (cont.) 25 The real issue becomes whether anyone is taking a very different view on pricing and not moving pricing up when the rest of the industry is, because that clearly can have an impact. I think in an environment where there are three competitors rather than four, there's obviously a little bit less risk of that happening. - Avis CFO in March 2013 Enterprise says rates at some of the top 200 airports their brands serve were up to 4% higher in February than during that month last year. - USA Today, February 2013 Average Pricing of Six Major Airports, May 2011 to February 2013 Source: Rate-Highway In (car rental) markets with four brands, each separately owned, the merger of two brand-owners increases average prices 4%. - Former Chief Economist of the FTC $25 $35 $45 $55 $65 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 2011 2012 2013 Structural Shift in Rental Car Pricing Environment Historically, the major auto manufacturers (GM, Chrysler, Ford) overproduced cars and used the rental car market as a means to unload excess production This resulted in consistent over-fleeting and under-utilization in the car rental market In order to increase utilization, car rental companies were incentivized to lower prices, ultimately resulting in a highly competitive pricing environment marked by low returns As a result of the major restructurings of GM, Chrysler, and Ford, auto manufacturers have become much more rational with their production This has significantly mitigated over-fleeting in the car rental market and increased utilization Car rental utilization rates across the industry are at their all-time high High utilization dis-incentivizes car rental companies from competing on price Renewed focus on returns and profitability 26 Restructuring in the Auto Manufacturing Industry marks a Structural Shift in Rental Car Pricing Environment Used Car Market Analysis 27 Used car prices must fall by 5.7% to return to pre-crisis levels 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 J a n - 0 5 A p r - 0 5 J u l - 0 5 O c t - 0 5 J a n - 0 6 A p r - 0 6 J u l - 0 6 O c t - 0 6 J a n - 0 7 A p r - 0 7 J u l - 0 7 O c t - 0 7 J a n - 0 8 A p r - 0 8 J u l - 0 8 O c t - 0 8 J a n - 0 9 A p r - 0 9 J u l - 0 9 O c t - 0 9 J a n - 1 0 A p r - 1 0 J u l - 1 0 O c t - 1 0 J a n - 1 1 A p r - 1 1 J u l - 1 1 O c t - 1 1 J a n - 1 2 A p r - 1 2 J u l - 1 2 O c t - 1 2 J a n - 1 3 M a n h e i m
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Manheim Used Car Value Index is within 5% of All-Time High Used Car Market Analysis (cont.) 28 Supply is definitely going to increase. The off-retail lease volume is a competitive impact. Tom Webb, Manheim's Chief Economist The widely expected supply increase is around the corner Supply Increase is Around the Corner Competing supply of off-lease vehicles expected to significantly rise in 2013-2014 Off-lease volumes are set to increase 55% by 2014. Off-lease vehicles directly compete with Hertz's supply of used cars, which put downward pressure on residuals Ford, GM, and Chrysler drastically reduced vehicle leases during the financial crisis. Off-lease volumes today, which lag lease originations by 33 months, are close to an all-time low. We expect them to increase 6% in 2013 and 27% in 2014 By 2014, we expect an increase of 550,000 off-lease vehicles, which represents 42% of 2012 car rental sales Despite the significant increase, we expect off-lease volume in 2014 to be less than that in 2008 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13E '14E C a r s
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Off-Lease Volume New Lease Originations Competing Supply +55% Used Car Market Analysis (cont.) 29 We are in a new era of structurally higher used car residual values Healthier OEMS = Healthier Residuals Shift to Online Purchases = Healthier Residuals Restructured OEMs have abandoned destructive practices Rationalized capacity at Big 3 automakers means that practices that destroyed residual values will be gone: big incentives, high dealer inventories, excessive lease subsidies, and short rental cycles Rental car companies now have rational relationships with OEMs The shift to a risk model means that OEM excess capacity is no longer pushed through to rental car companies, which leads to a more rational supply and protects residual values
Online buying makes retail and direct-to-dealer channels much easier to operate and more likely to succeed Rapid changes in technology has changed the way dealers and individuals buy cars 58% of used car buyers say the Internet was the most influential element in their vehicle search Online buying transforms local markets to national markets Fewer national used car market inefficiencies leads to structurally higher residual values The average distance between buyers and sellers is 190 miles for local auction purchases vs. 439 miles for online purchases Upcoming Increase in Supply It's Different This Time Used Car Market Analysis (cont.) 30 If Prices Fall, Hertz has Many Levers to Pull Increase Direct-to-Dealer Mix Increase Retail Mix Hertz can increase its Dealer Direct mix to mitigate falling prices Increasing the Dealer Direct channel by 10% decreases depreciation/unit/month by 1.1%
Hertz can increase its Retail/Rent2Buy mix to mitigate falling prices Increasing the Retail/Rent2Buy channel by 10% decreases depreciation/unit/month by 3.1% Increase Holding Period in a Downside Scenario Hertz can increase its rental holding period to mitigate falling prices Increasing average fleet holding period by three months decreases depreciation/unit/month by 0.6%
Increase Prices in a Downside Scenario Falling residuals affect all rental car companies In the past, pricing has increased after significant declines in used car residual values (72% R-squared) Hertz has many ways to mitigate declines in used car prices Used Car Market Analysis (cont.) 31 While people are forecasting this headwind from a drop in the Manheim Index, we are not experiencing it. It's due to the shift in channels, where we're selling the cars and how we're selling them, and that's improving our fleet costs.
Is [lower depreciation] sustainable? We believe it is sustainable in our business model. We believe that used cars are probably the most liquid currency out there, and that if you look at over the last 40 years used cars have always held their value. I mean, after 9/11 they bounced back in four months. After 2008, 2009 they bounced back in six months to higher levels than they were before.
We feel really good about fleet costs continuing to go down, based on only being about 50% of the way deployed on the car channel shift. -- CEO Mark Frissora
Hertz's remarketing strategy is working 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 J a n - 1 1 F e b - 1 1 M a r - 1 1 A p r - 1 1 M a y - 1 1 J u n - 1 1 J u l - 1 1 A u g - 1 1 S e p - 1 1 O c t - 1 1 N o v - 1 1 D e c - 1 1 J a n - 1 2 F e b - 1 2 M a r - 1 2 A p r - 1 2 M a y - 1 2 J u n - 1 2 J u l - 1 2 A u g - 1 2 S e p - 1 2 M a n h e i m
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Manheim Index Hertz Residual Values +10% -3% Hertz has significantly outperformed the Manheim Index since Jan 2011 7% 8% 9% 13% 23% 33% 33% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2014E 2015E Pct of Fleet Sold - Retail/Rent2Buy 5% 6% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2014E 2015E Pct of Fleet Sold - Other Channels 0% 11% 19% 47% 47% 48% 48% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2014E 2015E Pct of Fleet Sold - Dealer Direct 88% 75% 65% 33% 23% 13% 13% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2014E 2015E Pct of Fleet Sold - Auction Remarketing Channel Mix Overview 32 % of Fleet Sold through Auction % of Fleet Sold through Retail/Rent2Buy % of Fleet Sold through Dealer Direct % of Fleet Sold through Other Channels The shift away from auctions into more profitable resale channels mitigates the expected drop in used car prices Remarketing Channel Mix Overview (cont.) 33 Dealer Direct - $500 Premium over Auction Retail/Rent2Buy - $1,300 Premium over Auction Retail/Rent2Buy and Dealer Direct offer significant premiums over the auction channel $100 $90 $75 $75 $160 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 Premium Over Auction - Dealer Direct Extra Interest and Depreciation Price Differential Transportation to Auction Auction Reconditioning Fees Auction Sales Fee $100 $90 $75 $1,035 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 Premium Over Auction - Retail/Rent2Buy Price Differential Transportation to Auction Auction Reconditioning Fees Auction Sales Fee Remarketing Channel Overview Retail/Rent2Buy 34 We expect the shift to retail/Rent2Buy to continue to offset the decline in residuals 1. Retail Sales Cut Out the Middleman 2. Innovative Sales Process Provides Advantage Hertz cuts out the cost of the auction for the buyer and seller, which enables it to charge the lowest retail prices Average retail price is 20% below Blue Book Value Instead of 30-minute test drives, Hertz offers refundable 3-day test drives, which customers love and traditional car dealerships cannot offer Prices are non-negotiable (no-haggle price) 3. Retail Sales Growth Obscured by Accounting 4. Strong Reviews from Customers With the steady supply of used cars and an attractive value proposition to retail customers, we believe Rent2Buy will ultimately become an effective competitor to CarMax Retail stores have grown from nine in 2011 to over 30 today Continued growth in retail sales is only reflected in a lower depreciation cost, a much less visible metric than sales growth Better price, recent model years, the ability to 'try before you buy,' hassle-free buying, a warranty, and buying the cream of the crop The prices are VERY good Remarketing Channel Overview Dealer Direct 35 We expect the shift to Dealer Direct sales to increase utilization and decrease fleet cost Hertz has significantly built up its Direct-to-Dealer sales infrastructure Direct-to-Dealer sales force increased from 15 in 2011 to over 120 today Dealer Direct increases fleet utilization by advertising active rentals Attractive value proposition for dealers $45 buyer fee compared to $300-$500 from Manheim, the largest used car auction No change in dealer behavior required. Enterprise has a long history of selling direct to dealers Strong growth despite relatively infant infrastructure This channel didn't exist in 2009, but now represents 40% of remarketing. The channel more than doubled from 2011-2012 Only 6% of vehicles have condition reports and pictures Vehicles with condition reports and pictures are eight times more likely to sell, according to Manheim Management has indicated that most Dealer Direct vehicles will have electronic condition reports by 2014 Capitalization Costs 36 Hertz is Less Reliant on Ford and GM Consolidation Increases Purchasing Scale 40% 13% 17% 25% 13% 16% 43% 33% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2006 2012 % of Vehicles Purchased by Manufacturer Others Nissan Toyota General Motors Ford - 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 2010 2011 2012 A v g
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C a r s Donlen International (Hertz and Dollar Thrifty) Domestic (Hertz and Dollar Thrifty) Hertz has moved to a significantly more diverse fleet Reduced reliance on Ford and GM: Since the spin-off from Ford in 2005, Hertz has reduced its reliance on Ford and General Motors from 57% of purchases to just 38% today More suppliers = more bargaining power Shift from program cars saves 1% on capitalization costs Consolidation concentrates vehicle purchasing and increases buyer power Deep analytics on trim packages minimizes depreciation/unit/month New software packages ensure that vehicles have the trim packages that balance customer satisfaction, capitalization costs, and residual values This analysis significantly reduced purchases of exotic trim packages on cars for leisure customers Fleet Efficiency 37 Fleet Efficiency is Improving Improved Fleet Efficiency Reduces Costs R = 86% 70.0% 72.0% 74.0% 76.0% 78.0% 77.5% 78.0% 78.5% 79.0% 79.5% 80.0% 80.5% D O E
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U.S. RAC Fleet Efficiency Increases in fleet efficiency can significantly reduce costs Fleet efficiency explains 86% of the variation in DOE + SGA margin Three main factors are leading to increased utilization Synergies from Dollar Thrifty opposite demand schedules means that Hertz's excess supply of weekend cars get used at Dollar Thrifty Technological Changes kiosks, Hertz On Demand, and mobile apps, reduce the need for staffed locations and expand hours to 24/7 The Shift to the Dealer Direct Remarketing Channel reduces the time cars spend grounded by up to 16 days, which saves approximately $10 per day in depreciation and interest expense We expect these factors to increase utilization by 130bps to 80.5% by 2015 77.9% 77.1% 78.5% 78.3% 78.6% 79.3% 80.0% 80.3% 80.5% 75.0% 76.0% 77.0% 78.0% 79.0% 80.0% 81.0% '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13E '14E '15E Growth Initiative U.S. Off-Airport Market
38 Source: Hertz investor presentation Growth is Accelerating Off-Airport Revenue Mix 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Off-Airport Locations 2004-2008: +5.5% CAGR 2009-2012: +14.0% CAGR 43% 38% 19% Retail Replacement Business 12% share in $11bn off-airport market = significant growth opportunity While off-airport revenue per day is lower than that in airport markets, rental periods are longer, leading to higher utilization and lower costs The insurance replacement market is particularly attractive, with long rental periods and stable revenues and profits, even in economic downturns Changes in technology (Hertz On Demand, kiosks) reduce the up-front investment costs, making this market expansion particularly attractive We expect off-airport locations to grow by >10% per year through 2015 Off-Airport vs. On-Airport Cost Differentials Off-Airport Location On-Airport Location Difference Labor Costs $4.09 $4.47 9% lower DOE $18.54 $28.00 34% lower SG&A $1.63 $3.12 48% lower Utilization 80.3% 78.3% 2% higher Growth Initiative ExpressRent Kiosks / iPhone App 39 iPhone App ExpressRent Kiosk A parking space is the only requirement Hertz can use technology to leapfrog Enterprise on off- airport markets Opens up body shops, car dealerships, and hotels to Hertz rental cars. Requires a modest $6000 kiosk investment Increasing consumer preference towards mobile applications reduces costs 70% of Hertz On Demand customers used mobile apps Mobile check-in increases labor productivity and customer satisfaction How it works iPhone App: Text message after plane lands notifies customer where their car is located. Eliminates the need to stop by the counter 24/7 kiosk: Videophone connects to agent in Oklahoma, City who guides customer through the process. Customer scans driver's license at kiosk Investors underestimate the impact of these volume- enhancing product and service improvements. Buyside Investment Analyst Growth Initiative Hertz On Demand (Hourly Rentals) 40 Significant Advantages Over ZipCar Scale: approximately 500,000 U.S. rental cars by 2014 vs. 9,700 for ZipCar No membership required and free to join, compared to Zipcar's $25 application fee and $60/year Second-mover advantage Cheaper and better technology Does not have to educate the public about car sharing Increases Fleet Utilization Car-sharing customers and traditional rent-a-car customers do not overlap 24/7, short-term car sharing minimizes idle time Reduces Costs On Demand technology is completely self-serve
Hertz On Demand is Self Serve Growth Initiative Donlen Fleet Management 41 Donlen is the best remarketer I've ever seen. Former Hertz Licensee Our Donlen acquisition has turned out to be a much better acquisition than we anticipated. The revenue synergies that we're getting out of this acquisition are large. CEO Mark Frissora Donlen Fleet Management Solutions Donlen gives Hertz an end-to-end solution for its customers. No other rental car company offers this solution Significant revenue synergies continue to be realized E.g. Hertz Value Lease expands Donlen's product offering to large companies by leveraging Hertz's rental car network Revenue growth is accelerating. We expect 2012 revenues of ~$460 million to grow by 16% to $534 million Donlen's expertise in remarketing is an underappreciated asset Our primary research discovered that Donlen has significant expertise in sourcing and remarketing that will be a substantial benefit to Hertz as it continues to move away from program cars Dollar Thrifty Acquisition Terms 42 Hertz completed its acquisition of Dollar Thrifty in November 2012 $87.50 per share purchase price Equity Value of $2.6 billion Corporate Enterprise Value of $2.3 billion 2012E EV/Corp EBITDA multiple of 7.8x (based on mid-point of DTG 2012E Corp. EBITDA guidance of $285 million to $310 million ) Purchase Price Deal Structure 100% cash consideration Antitrust clearance required Hertz to divest its Advantage brand Advantage divestiture (~$30 million of Corp. EBITDA) Transaction Benefits Highly attractive transaction for HTZ owners EPS accretion & positive EVA Including impact of Advantage divestiture (~$30 million of Corp. EBITDA) Estimated $600 million in synergies Acquisition multiple of 2.6x EV/EBITDA (including synergies) Synergies from Dollar Thrifty Acquisition Hertz operated primarily in the premium segment of the car rental market The Dollar Thrifty acquisition gives them a leading brand in the faster growing mid-tier and value market or the leisure segment Revenue synergies of $300M per year and cost synergies of $300M per year. Revenue synergies have incremental margins of 20-30% By 2015, these synergies would contribute $0.57 in incremental EPS. $1.5B NPV of incremental operating profits 43 Equipment Rental (HERC) Business Overview 44 Business HERC offers a broad range of equipment for rental in the U.S., Canada, France, Spain, China and Saudi Arabia. Ancillary to its rental business, it is also a dealer of certain brands of new equipment in the U.S. and Canada Customers range from local contractors to large industrial plants. As of December 31, 2012, no customer accounted for more than 1.5% of HERCs global sales HERC revenues and margins are cyclical due to high exposure to the construction and industrial markets U.S. represents approximately 70% of worldwide revenues Fleet HERC acquires its equipment from a variety of manufacturers. The equipment is typically new at the time of purchase and is not subject to any repurchase program The per-unit acquisition cost of rental equipment varies from over $200,000 to under $100. As of December 31, 2012, the average per-unit acquisition cost (excluding small equipment purchased for less than $5,000 per unit) for rental fleet was approximately $38,000 Average age of worldwide rental fleet is 43 months
HERC Revenue Mix by Markets HERC Fleet by Equipment Type Equipment Rental Divestiture to Unlock Value HERC operates in an extremely fragmented industry, with the top 10 North America rental companies making up only 30% of revenue United Rentals (NYSE:URI) is the market leader with 13% share Sunbelt Rentals (LSE:AHT) is 2 nd with 5% market share HERC is 3 rd with 4% market share Management has previously discussed the possibility of divesting HERC Potential buyers include United Rentals, Sunbelt Rentals, and private equity firms We spoke with an analyst who asked the CEO if he foresees any FTC issues with regards to an acquisition of HERC by United Rentals or Sunbelt Rentals. He replied that has already looked into it and there would not be any issues We believe a monetizing spinoff would maximize shareholder value. Hertz should: Issue debt at HERC level, transfer the proceeds of debt issuance to parent (Hertz Global Holdings), and then spin-off HERC Sell HERC after six months to qualify for tax-free treatment under IRS Section 355(e) Safe Harbor rule An outright sale of HERC could also be pursued based on the cost-basis (undisclosed) of HERCs historical acquisitions 45 We've always maintained the position that if there was a reason to divest it that was shareholder friendly, we're not resistant to looking at other things and other variables in terms of the equipment rental business. Hertz CEO in February 2013 United Rentals 13% Sunbelt 5% HERC 4% Other 78% Appendix B: Base Case Financials and Valuation 46 Model Summary Base Case 47 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Income Statement Metrics Total Revenue $8,525 $7,102 $7,563 $8,298 $9,021 $11,163 $11,952 $12,670 $13,055 $13,465 Total Revenue Growth (1.8%) (16.7%) 6.5% 9.7% 8.7% 23.8% 7.1% 6.0% 3.0% 3.1% Car Rental 0.8% (12.8%) 8.5% 9.2% 7.8% 26.7% 7.1% 6.1% 3.1% 3.2% Equipment Rental (5.5%) (33.0%) (3.7%) 13.0% 14.5% 7.6% 6.6% 5.6% 2.8% 2.8% EBITDA 1,240 998 1,089 1,356 1,607 2,420 2,922 3,258 3,407 3,568 EBITDA Margin 14.5% 14.1% 14.4% 16.3% 17.8% 21.7% 24.4% 25.7% 26.1% 26.5% Net Interest Expense 429 404 436 279 274 386 365 336 308 253 EBT 238 199 347 681 901 1,571 2,062 2,398 2,561 2,761 EBT Margin 2.8% 2.8% 4.6% 8.2% 10.0% 14.1% 17.3% 18.9% 19.6% 20.5% Car Rental 4.2% 7.8% 9.9% 12.0% 13.4% 19.2% 22.3% 23.6% 24.0% 24.4% Equipment Rental 16.4% 6.9% 7.3% 13.3% 16.4% 16.3% 17.7% 18.8% 19.4% 20.0% Cash Tax Expense 83 70 121 238 315 550 722 839 896 966 Net Income on Operating Basis 134 115 208 423 586 1,021 1,341 1,559 1,665 1,795 EPS $0.41 $0.31 $0.51 $0.95 $1.31 $2.20 $2.87 $3.33 $3.53 $3.79 EPS Growth nm (25.5%) 63.7% 88.1% 37.5% 68.4% 30.6% 15.7% 6.2% 7.3% Balance Sheet Metrics Net Debt 3,260 3,339 3,249 3,465 5,440 4,355 2,804 1,044 (898) (3,011) Total Debt to Equity 3.12x 2.25x 2.77x 2.11x 2.61x 1.68x 1.15x 0.80x 0.53x 0.30x Net Debt / EBITDA 2.63x 3.34x 2.98x 2.55x 3.38x 1.80x 0.96x 0.32x (0.26x) (0.84x) Return on Equity 9.1% 5.5% 9.9% 18.9% 23.4% 27.7% 27.0% 24.2% 20.8% 18.5% Return on Invested Capital 7.2% 5.8% 6.4% 9.0% 8.4% 12.9% 14.8% 15.3% 15.2% 15.5% Return on Assets 2.6% 2.5% 2.9% 3.5% 3.3% 5.3% 6.3% 6.9% 7.1% 7.4% Cash Flow Metrics Cash Flow - Operating 2,096 1,775 2,209 2,233 2,718 3,714 4,359 4,762 5,003 5,235 Capex 1,317 1,579 1,063 1,832 2,663 2,629 2,808 3,001 3,061 3,122 FCF 779 196 1,146 402 55 1,085 1,551 1,761 1,942 2,113 Income Statement Base Case 48 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Net Sales $8,525 $7,102 $7,563 $8,298 $9,021 $11,163 $11,952 $12,670 $13,055 $13,465 Bloomberg Consensus: $10,911 $11,695 $12,548 Expenses: Direct Operating 4,930 4,084 4,283 4,566 4,796 5,464 5,651 5,882 6,004 6,132 Deprec. of revenue earning equip, leases 2,194 1,931 1,868 1,906 2,148 2,640 2,808 2,979 3,082 3,191 SG&A 769 641 665 745 946 1,309 1,491 1,615 1,655 1,697 Interest Expense 870 680 773 700 650 710 683 649 614 551 Interest Income 25 65 12 6 5 6 6 7 7 7 Impairments, Others 1,169 0 0 63 36 0 0 0 0 0 Total Expense 9,907 7,272 7,577 7,974 8,570 9,816 10,126 10,519 10,747 10,964 GAAP Pre-Tax Income (1,382) (171) (15) 324 451 1,348 1,826 2,151 2,307 2,501 Adjustments for non-cash and non-recurring items: Purchase Accounting 101 90 90 88 110 129 138 146 150 155 Non-Cash Debt Charges 100 172 183 130 84 94 98 101 103 105 Other charges 1,419 108 89 138 258 0 0 0 0 0 (Restructuring Charges, Derivative Loss, Pension Adjustment, Acquisition Charges, Other) Total Adjustments 1,620 370 362 356 451 224 236 247 254 260 Adjusted Pre-Tax Income 238 199 347 681 901 1,571 2,062 2,398 2,561 2,761 Cash Tax 83 70 121 238 315 550 722 839 896 966 Less: Noncontrolling interest 21 15 17 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 Net Income to Hertz 134 115 208 423 586 1,021 1,341 1,559 1,665 1,795 Diluted EPS $0.41 $0.31 $0.51 $0.95 $1.31 $2.20 $2.87 $3.33 $3.53 $3.79 Bloomberg Consensus: $1.90 $2.38 $2.68 Fully Diluted Share 323 372 412 445 448 464 466 469 471 473 EBITDA Reconciliation Base Case 49 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Car Rental Segment: GAAP Pre-tax income (385) 190 442 756 784 1,733 2,172 2,452 2,571 2,701 + D&A and other purchase accounting 2,107 1,785 1,724 1,774 2,007 2,509 2,669 2,834 2,932 3,038 + Interest, net of interest income 445 302 390 329 312 298 292 286 279 271 + Impairment charges 443 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAAP EBITDA before adjustments 2,610 2,276 2,556 2,858 3,103 4,539 5,133 5,572 5,783 6,010 - Car rental fleet interest 425 316 377 313 297 285 280 275 268 261 - Car rental fleet depreciation 1,844 1,614 1,595 1,651 1,876 2,347 2,495 2,650 2,743 2,842 + Non-cash expenses & charges 83 130 135 33 41 51 54 58 59 61 + Extraordinary, unusual charges 108 105 30 24 136 0 0 0 0 0 RAC Segment EBITDA 532 582 749 950 1,107 1,958 2,413 2,705 2,831 2,968 Equipment Rental Segment: GAAP Pre-tax income (629) (20) (15) 69 152 190 225 256 274 292 + D&A and other purchase accounting 417 383 338 324 356 380 405 428 440 453 + Interest, net of interest income 111 53 39 45 52 47 46 45 43 42 + Impairment charges 111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAAP EBITDA before adjustments 624 416 363 439 561 617 675 729 757 787 + Non-cash, extraordinary, unusual charges 106 39 35 42 25 0 0 0 0 0 HERC Segment EBITDA 731 455 398 481 586 617 675 729 758 787 Other reconciling items: GAAP Pre-tax income (368) (340) (442) (501) (486) (575) (571) (557) (537) (492) + D&A and other purchase accounting 6 8 10 11 13 17 18 19 19 20 + Interest, net of interest income 307 311 333 321 282 360 340 313 285 232 + Noncontrolling interest (21) (15) (17) (20) 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAAP EBITDA before adjustments (76) (36) (117) (188) (191) (199) (213) (226) (233) (240) + Non-cash expenses & charges 30 37 37 28 27 44 47 50 51 53 + Extraordinary, unusual charges 24 (39) 21 85 78 0 0 0 0 0 Corporate Segment EBITDA (23) (38) (59) (74) (86) (155) (166) (176) (181) (187) Total Adjusted EBITDA 1,240 998 1,089 1,356 1,607 2,420 2,922 3,258 3,407 3,568 Balance Sheet Base Case 50 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Assets: Cash & ST investments 1,326 1,351 2,582 1,240 1,105 1,828 2,879 4,140 5,111 5,956 Receivables 1,911 1,325 1,357 1,616 1,887 2,335 2,500 2,650 2,730 2,816 Inventory 96 93 87 84 106 131 140 148 153 158 Revenue Earning Equipment 8,692 8,852 8,924 10,105 12,908 12,675 12,436 12,205 11,923 11,585 Other Property & Equipment 1,255 1,188 1,164 1,252 1,436 1,457 1,253 1,071 852 594 Goodwill & Intangibles 2,886 2,893 2,879 2,954 5,374 5,287 5,194 5,096 4,994 4,889 Other 287 300 353 422 470 470 470 470 470 470 Total Assets 16,451 16,002 17,345 17,674 23,286 24,183 24,872 25,779 26,234 26,469 Liabilities & S.E.: Payables 931 659 954 897 999 1,236 1,324 1,403 1,446 1,491 Fleet Debt 6,387 5,675 5,476 6,612 8,903 8,742 8,578 8,418 8,224 7,991 Corporate Debt, Leases 4,586 4,689 5,831 4,705 6,545 6,184 5,684 5,184 4,213 2,945 Deferred Income Taxes 1,482 1,471 1,508 1,688 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 Other 1,577 1,410 1,457 1,535 1,631 1,631 1,631 1,631 1,631 1,631 Total Liabilities 14,963 13,905 15,226 15,439 20,779 20,493 19,916 19,336 18,213 16,758 Shareholders' Equity 1,488 2,097 2,118 2,235 2,507 3,690 4,956 6,443 8,021 9,710 Total Liabilities & S.E. 16,451 16,002 17,345 17,674 23,286 24,183 24,872 25,779 26,234 26,469 Key Statistics: Net Debt 3,260 3,339 3,249 3,465 5,440 4,355 2,804 1,044 (898) (3,011) Net Debt / Equity 2.19x 1.59x 1.53x 1.55x 2.17x 1.18x 0.57x 0.16x (0.11x) (0.31x) Net Debt / EBITDA 2.63x 3.34x 2.98x 2.55x 3.38x 1.80x 0.96x 0.32x (0.26x) (0.84x) Total Debt / Equity 3.08x 2.24x 2.75x 2.11x 2.61x 1.68x 1.15x 0.80x 0.53x 0.30x Receivables Turnover 4.46x 5.36x 5.57x 5.13x 4.78x 4.78x 4.78x 4.78x 4.78x 4.78x Receivables Days 80.7 67.2 64.6 70.1 75.3 75.3 75.3 75.3 75.3 75.3 Cash Flow Statement Base Case 51 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Operating Activities: Net Income 134 115 208 423 586 1,021 1,341 1,559 1,665 1,795 Revenue Earning Equip. D&A 2,194 1,931 1,868 1,906 2,148 2,640 2,808 2,979 3,082 3,191 Other PPE D&A 239 226 219 228 257 289 298 303 299 295 Changes in Working Capital (331) 316 270 (313) (190) (236) (87) (79) (42) (45) Others (141) (813) (357) (10) (82) - - - - - Cash Flow from Operating Act. 2,096 1,775 2,209 2,233 2,718 3,714 4,359 4,762 5,003 5,235 Investing Activities: Fleet Equip. Capex, net disposals (1,178) (1,502) (922) (1,604) (2,488) (2,406) (2,569) (2,748) (2,800) (2,853) Other PPE Capex, net (139) (77) (140) (228) (175) (223) (239) (253) (261) (269) Acquisitions, net cash acquired (71) (76) (48) (227) (1,905) - - - - - Others (79) 35 (1) (30) 90 - - - - - Cash Flow from Investing Act. (1,466) (1,621) (1,111) (2,089) (4,477) (2,629) (2,808) (3,001) (3,061) (3,122) Financing Activities: Proceeds from Debt Issuance, net (816) 523 (799) (1,320) 443 (112) (250) (250) (971) (1,268) Proceeds from Rev. Line of Credit 199 (1,126) 1,026 57 1,273 (250) (250) (250) - - Proceeds from Equity Issuance - 529 - - - - - - - - Dividends Paid - - - - - - - - - - Others (78) (54) (93) (224) (92) - - - - - Cash Flow from Financing Act. (695) (129) 134 (1,487) 1,625 (362) (500) (500) (971) (1,268) Cash Flow for Year (66) 25 1,231 (1,342) (135) 723 1,051 1,261 971 845 Cash at Beginning of Year 1,391 1,326 1,351 2,582 1,240 1,105 1,828 2,879 4,140 5,111 Cash at End of Year 1,326 1,351 2,582 1,240 1,105 1,828 2,879 4,140 5,111 5,956 CFO less Capex (FCF) 779 196 1,146 402 55 1,085 1,551 1,761 1,942 2,113 Key Model Assumptions 52 Actual Base Bear Bull 2012a 2013e 2014e 2015e 2013e 2014e 2015e 2013e 2014e 2015e Sales 9,021 $ 11,163 $ 11,952 $ 12,670 $ 10,828 $ 11,222 $ 11,715 $ 11,168 $ 12,048 $ 12,812 $ EBITDA 1,607 2,420 2,922 3,258 2,042 2,280 2,458 2,585 3,250 3,481 EPS 1.31 2.20 2.87 3.33 1.60 1.92 2.27 2.44 3.37 3.85 Critical revenue drivers: U.S. RPD - growth Y/Y (3.1%) 2.5% 2.5% 0.0% (1.0%) (1.0%) (1.0%) 3.5% 3.5% 0.0% U.S. Enplanements - growth Y/Y 4.0% 3.5% 3.5% 3.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 4.0% 4.0% 3.0% International RPD - growth Y/Y (2.9%) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% (2.0%) (2.0%) (2.0%) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% International Enplanements - growth Y/Y (2.9%) 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% Critical cost drivers: Manheim Index (Used Car Prices) - growth Y/Y (1.0%) (4.0%) (2.0%) 0.0% (6.0%) (4.0%) 0.0% (3.0%) (1.0%) 0.0% Fleet utilization 79.3% 80.0% 80.3% 80.5% 79.5% 79.5% 79.6% 80.5% 81.0% 81.5% + Y-Y gain from DTG integration nm 0.50% 0.00% 0.00% 0.25% 0.00% 0.00% 0.75% 0.00% 0.00% + Y-Y gain from technology improvements nm 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% + Y-Y gain from incremental 1% share of off-airport sales nm 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% Channel mix Dealer direct 47.0% 47.3% 47.5% 47.5% 47.0% 47.0% 47.0% 48.5% 50.0% 50.0% Retail & R2B 13.0% 22.8% 32.5% 32.5% 13.0% 13.0% 13.0% 25.3% 37.5% 37.5% Auction, other 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 20.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 26.3% 12.5% 12.5% Average resale value rel. auctions Dealer direct 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ 500 $ Retail & R2B 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,500 1,500 1,500 Final impact on Depreciation per Car per Month Y/Y * 5.2% 0.6% 0.5% - 7.1% 1.0% 5.6% (2.7%) (2.8%) - * (determined by Manheim Index, fleet utilization, channel mix, and average premium of resale price over auction channel) DTG cost synergies ($mn) - $ 150 $ 250 $ 300 $ 100 $ 200 $ 300 $ 200 $ 300 $ 300 $ EPS Bridge Base Case 53 EBITDA Margin Bridge Base Case 54 Model Sensitivities 55 Sensitivity to U.S. RPD Growth Y/Y Sensitivity to Fleet Utilization -2.5% 0.0% 2.5% 5.0% 7.5% 78.3% 79.3% 80.3% 81.3% 82.3% 2014e EBITDA $2,445 $2,610 $2,922 $3,239 $3,562 2014e EBITDA $2,872 $2,897 $2,922 $2,946 $2,970 2014e EPS $2.22 $2.44 $2.87 $3.31 $3.76 2014e EPS $2.80 $2.84 $2.87 $2.91 $2.94 Price Target $28.06 $30.80 $36.02 $41.34 $46.74 Price Target $35.19 $35.61 $36.02 $36.42 $36.81 Sensitivity to U.S. Enplanements Y/Y Sensitivity to Manheim Index Y/Y 0.0% 1.8% 3.5% 5.3% 7.0% -8.0% -6.0% -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2014e EBITDA $2,852 $2,887 $2,922 $2,957 $2,992 2014e EBITDA $2,755 $2,838 $2,922 $3,006 $3,089 2014e EPS $2.78 $2.83 $2.87 $2.92 $2.97 2014e EPS $2.65 $2.76 $2.87 $2.99 $3.10 Price Target $34.86 $35.44 $36.02 $36.60 $37.18 Price Target $33.38 $34.70 $36.02 $37.35 $38.67 2012 2014e Scenarios Actual Base Down Up Channel used car resale price relative to Auction channel Dealer Direct $500 $500 $500 $500 Retail & R2B $1,300 $1,300 $1,100 $1,500 Share of Vehicles Sold via Channel Dealer Direct 47% 48% 47% 50% Retail & R2B 13% 33% 13% 38% Auction, other 40% 20% 40% 13% EBITDA $1,607 $2,922 $2,280 $3,250 EPS $1.31 $2.87 $1.92 $3.37 Price per Share Estm. $36.02 $19.37 $45.14 Impact of Used Car Prices and Resale Channel Mix Equity Trading Comps 56 Share Market Enterprise CAGR '12a-'14e EV / EBITDA Price / Earnings Net Debt/ Company Price Cap Value Sales EBITDA EPS 2013e 2014e 2013e 2014e EBITDA Car Rental Hertz Global Holdings $23.72 10,959 16,626 14% 26% 34% 7.4x 6.4x 12.5x 9.9x 3.4x Avis Budget Group $28.00 3,083 5,382 6% 6% 10% 6.6x 5.8x 12.0x 9.6x 2.7x Average 10% 16% 22% 7.0x 6.1x 12.3x 9.8x 3.1x Equipment Rental United Rentals $51.69 4,871 11,888 15% 23% 26% 5.3x 4.8x 10.7x 8.5x 4.2x Ashtead Group (Sunbelt) $9.31 4,658 6,301 13% 22% 42% 7.0x 6.6x 20.1x 16.5x 2.2x Average 14% 22% 34% 6.2x 5.7x 15.4x 12.5x 3.2x Historical Comps 57 Sum-of-the-Parts Valuation 58 We use a forward EV/EBITDA range of 6.0x-8.0x for the Car Rental segment Our base case multiple is Hertz's current NTM EV/EBITDA of 7.4x However, we believe Hertz's valuation could re-rate to its historic average EV/EBITDA of 8.5x given industry dynamics, improving pricing, strong execution by management team especially on integration of Dollar Thrifty, and efficient capital allocation with potential for cash returns in the next 18 months We use a forward EV/EBITDA range of 5.0x-6.5x for the Equipment Rental segment The Equipment Rental companies currently trade at an average 6.2x forward EV/EBITDA and historically traded in the 2.4x-7.5x range ($ in millions except per share) Base Bear Bull Revenue (2014e) Car Rental 10,361 9,630 10,457 Equipment Rental 1,589 1,560 1,619 Total $11,952 $11,192 $12,078 EBITDA (2014e) Car Rental 2,413 1,828 2,727 Equipment Rental 509 432 539 Total $2,922 $2,261 $3,266 Forward EV / EBITDA Car Rental 7.4x 6.0x 8.0x Equipment Rental 6.2x 5.0x 6.5x Enterprise Value Car Rental 17,854 10,970 21,814 Equipment Rental 3,158 2,139 3,505 Total $21,012 $13,109 $25,320 Less: Debt (2013e) (6,184) (6,259) (5,894) Plus: Cash (2013e) 1,828 1,677 1,756 Less: Unfunded Pension Obligation (2013e) (227) (227) (227) Excess Value $16,430 $8,301 $20,954 Price per Share $35.41 $17.89 $45.16 Upside to Current Price 49% (25%) 90% Unit Economics 59 Per Car in US$ units 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e
Average Rate per Day $44.31 $43.68 $43.14 $41.33 $40.01 $40.69 $41.40 $41.40 $41.40 $41.40 Growth Y/Y nm -1.4% -1.2% -4.2% -3.2% 1.7% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Number of Transaction Days 281 286 286 287 289 292 293 294 294 294 Utilization 77.1% 78.5% 78.3% 78.6% 79.3% 80.0% 80.3% 80.5% 80.6% 80.6%
61 Scott Sider President, Vehicle Rental Elyse Douglas Chief Financial Officer Mark P. Frissora Chairman & CEO Key Management Biographies 62 Joined Hertz as Treasurer in July 2006 and became CFO in October 2007 Prior to joining Hertz, served as Treasurer of Coty Inc. from 1999 until 2006 Previously served as an Assistant Treasurer of Nabisco from 1995 to 1999. Also served in various financial services capacities for 12 years at Chase Manhattan Bank (now JPMorgan Chase) CPA and has three years experience in public accounting Currently serves as a Director of Assurant Inc.
Name Biography Joined Hertz as CEO and Director in July 2006; elected as Chairman in January 2007 Prior to joining Hertz, served as Chairman and CEO of Tenneco Inc. (NYSE:TEN) from 2000 and as President of the automotive operations of Tenneco Inc. from 1999 to 2006. From 1996 to 1999, held various positions within Tenneco Inc.'s automotive operations Previously worked at Aeroquip Vickers, General Electric, and Philips Lighting Company Currently serves as a Director of Walgreen Co. and Delphi Automotive PLC Joined Hertz in 1983 and currently serves as President, Car Rental and Leasing, the Americas Also oversees the fleet planning and re-marketing functions for the Americas Has held several senior management positions in the U.S. car rental business since 1983, including Manhattan Area Manager, Vice President of the New England, West Central and Western Regions and, since 2008, Vice President and President, Off-Airport Operations for North America
Track Record vs. Management Guidance 63 Guidance 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Revenue $8,500-$8,600 $8,900-$9,000 no guidance $7,400-$7,600 $7,950-$8,100 $8,850-$8,950 Corporate EBITDA $1,540-$1,570 $1,575-$1,615 no guidance $1,045-$1,060 $1,265-$1,305 $1,520-$1,590 Adjusted EPS $1.15-1.22 $1.38-1.44 no guidance $0.37-0.39 $0.75-$0.81 $1.16-$1.26 Actual 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Revenue $8,686 $8,525 $7,102 $7,563 $8,298 $9,021 Corporate EBITDA $1,542 $1,100 $980 $1,101 $1,390 $1,636 Adjusted EPS $1.26 $0.42 $0.29 $0.52 $0.97 $1.33 Management has proven to be very conservative in its financial guidance. Since CEO Mark Frissora joined Hertz in July 2006, management has beat the high end of its guidance every year, except in 2008 We believe management's 2013 estimates are extremely conservative Management's Consensus Guidance Estimates Revenue $10,850-$10,950 $10,898 Corporate EBITDA $2,210-$2,270 $2,212 Adjusted EPS $1.82-1.92 $1.89 2013 Track Record vs. Consensus Estimates 64 Since CEO Mark Frissora took office in July 2006, Hertz has beat consensus estimates 21 of the past 25 quarters, including the last 15 quarters in a row Actual Consensus Beat Beat / Actual Consensus Beat Beat / Period Result Estimate Consensus Miss % Period Result Estimate Consensus Miss % Q4 12 $0.33 $0.31 yes 5% Q3 09 $0.31 $0.22 yes 41% Q3 12 $0.63 $0.61 yes 4% Q2 09 $0.12 $0.11 yes 12% Q2 12 $0.35 $0.32 yes 9% Q1 09 ($0.25) ($0.22) no (14%) Q1 12 $0.05 $0.00 yes 2,400% Q4 08 ($0.22) $0.07 no nm Q4 11 $0.24 $0.20 yes 20% Q3 08 $0.33 $0.53 no (38%) Q3 11 $0.51 $0.50 yes 3% Q2 08 $0.30 $0.31 no (4%) Q2 11 $0.26 $0.21 yes 22% Q1 08 $0.02 $0.01 yes 300% Q1 11 ($0.03) ($0.04) yes 27% Q4 07 $0.29 $0.26 yes 12% Q4 10 $0.10 $0.07 yes 37% Q3 07 $0.65 $0.57 yes 15% Q3 10 $0.40 $0.37 yes 7% Q2 07 $0.30 $0.26 yes 14% Q2 10 $0.14 $0.12 yes 18% Q1 07 $0.02 ($0.05) yes nm Q1 10 ($0.12) ($0.13) yes 8% Q4 06 $0.14 $0.13 yes 12% Q4 09 $0.06 $0.01 yes 500% Given management's impressive track record, we believe they are extremely conservative in nature and the $600 million Dollar Thrifty synergies estimates is very achievable Management's Incentives Aligned with Shareholders 65 EVA Weighting in Incentive Comp Increasing Cash Incentives Aligned with Shareholders Based 40% on Economic Value Added (EVA). This incentive was introduced in 2010 and increased in 2011 Increases in EVA are highly correlated with shareholder returns The increased weighting reflects management's confidence in generating returns on capital above its cost of capital over the long term $300 million of incremental EVA has been generated since 2009 Hertz's top 400 managers are paid based on EVA Based 40% on adjusted pre-tax income Based 20% on revenue Stock Incentives Aligned with Shareholders CEO Mark Frissora owns 1.4% of the company New focus on EVA reflects structurally healthier industry and company 0% 30% 40% 40% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 2009 2010 2011 2012 E V A
W e i g h t i n g
We have a very EVA/asset-light strategy focus in the company today.
We have a very positive movement in economic value added, 40% of my bonus and the top 400 managers in the Company is tied to EVA. CEO Mark Frissora I think the competitors have all settled on the market share numbers that they're at right now. I don't think anyone in the industry is looking to cut price. The fleets right now are adequate, so we feel pretty good about the fact that the industry is very rational. CEO Mark Frissora Compensation Incentives Appendix D: Ownership
66 Private Equity Ownership 67 In December 2005, Clayton, Dubilier & Rice (CDR), The Carlyle Group (Carlyle), and Merrill Lynch (collectively, the Sponsors) acquired Hertz from Ford Holdings for $5.6 billion ($2.3 billion in equity) Over the past three years, the company's Private Equity Sponsors have been gradually divesting their stakes In the past six months, the Sponsors sold 110 million, reducing their stake from 38% to 13% 72% 55% 55% 51% 51% 38% 26% 13% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Sponsors Ownership % Sponsors Investment History The Sponsors have been invested in Hertz since 2005 and have generated a strong return on its investment Dec-05 Jun-06 Nov-06 Jun-07 May-09 Mar-11 Dec-12 Mar-13 Apr-13 Investment ($2,300) ($200) Special Dividend $991 $260 Sponsors' IRR 33% Shares Sold $1,111 $782 $789 $1,209 Cash-on-Cash Return 2.6x Remaining Shares $1,316 Total Cash Flows ($2,300) $991 $260 $1,111 ($200) $782 $789 $1,209 $1,316 Current Shareholder Base 68 Market % of Market % of Investor Shares Value CSO Investor Shares Value CSO Wellington Management 44.4 $1,053 11.1% SRS Investment Management 6.0 $142 1.5% Clayton, Dubilier & Rice 22.8 542 5.7% BNP Paribas Investment Partners 5.9 140 1.5% Carlyle Group 20.3 482 5.1% S.A.C. Capital 5.7 136 1.4% The Vanguard Group 17.6 418 4.4% Merrill Lynch 5.5 131 1.4% Wells Capital Management 15.9 378 4.0% Senator Investment Group 5.3 126 1.3% BlackRock 15.5 369 3.9% State Street Global Advisors 4.7 112 1.2% T. Rowe Price 14.4 342 3.6% Systematic Financial Management 4.5 108 1.1% Highbridge Capital Management 14.1 334 3.5% Fir Tree Partners 3.9 92 1.0% York Capital Management 11.7 276 2.9% Valinor Management 3.5 82 0.9% Lord, Abbett & Co. 10.5 250 2.6% The Roosevelt Investment Group 3.4 82 0.9% UBS Global Asset Management 9.6 229 2.4% Norges Bank Investment Management 3.4 81 0.9% Columbia Wanger Asset Management 9.1 217 2.3% Fidelity Investments 3.4 81 0.9% Discovery Capital Management 7.5 178 1.9% Goldman Sachs 3.3 79 0.8% Owl Creek Asset Management 7.3 174 1.8% Westchester Capital Management 3.3 78 0.8% Columbus Circle Investors 6.6 157 1.7% Columbia Management 3.1 73 0.8% Key Shareholders Summary Market % of Investor Shares Value CSO PE Owners (CD&R, Carlyle, Merrill Lynch) 48.7 1,155 12.2% CEO Mark Frissora 2.2 53 0.5% Other Insiders 1.7 39 0.4% Appendix E: Additional Analysis
69 Industrys Improved Pricing Sustainable? 70 Today, the U.S. car rental industry has three players that make up 95% of the market: Hertz, Avis, and Enterprise. From the blatant price signaling in earnings call and conference call transcripts, it is clear that Hertz and Avis are focused on profitability and keeping the industrys car rental rates high. The main question is whether or not privately-held Enterprise will follow. There are four main reasons why we believe Enterprise will cooperate with Hertz and Avis pricing increases: The industrys price spoiler has historically been Dollar Thrifty, who is now owned by Hertz
Since the Dollar Thrifty acquisition closed in November 2012, Enterprise has matched the price increases by Avis and Hertz
It no longer makes sense to lower prices because none of the three remaining players have dominant market share. If Enterprise lowers prices, Hertz and Avis will follow and no one will gain market share. Lower pricing would only result in lower profitability for all three players
Due to auto OEM restructurings and more rational car production, car rental companies finally have right-sized fleets. With utilization rates at all time highs, there is no longer incentive to lower prices to raise utilization rates 1 2 3 4 Rental Car Pricing Sources 71 Hertz and Avis Earnings Calls We instituted 2 price increases for January, 2 for February and 2 effective for March rentals. January pricing was up year- over-year, more in fact than December was, and our existing reservations give us a measure of confidence that pricing could end the quarter being positive. Avis CEO, February 2013 Sell-Side Analysts Auto Rental News publishes monthly auto rental rate surveys for six major airports: BOS, MIA, ORD, HOU, SEA and LAX. The rates are based on weekly surveys and are published monthly May-12 Jun-12 Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12 Oct-12 Pre-DTG Acquisition (5%) (22%) (19%) (11%) (6%) (4%) Nov-12 Dec-12 Jan-13 Feb-13 Mar-13 Post-DTG Acquisition 18% 48% 15% 12% 8% Auto Rental News USA Today Enterprise says rates at some of the top 200 airports their brands serve were up to 4% higher in February than during that month last year. USA Today, February 2013 Avis initiated another price increase effective for Apr 8, which was quickly followed by Enterprise. Morgan Stanley, March 2013 Our research suggests rental car pricing in 1Q13 continued to firm, and was likely up year-over-year throughout the quarter. In regards to monthly performance, improvements in March were the strongest of the quarter. Northcoast Research, April 2013 Avis North Hertz Dollar Thrifty America US Airport Total Dec 2012 > +1.0% +1.6% +4.6% Jan 2013 > +5.0% +6.0% +2.6% Feb 2013 > +3.0% Mar 2013 ~ +4.0% Hertz Why Hertz Over Avis? 72 Because of the improved pricing environment, we believe both Hertz and Avis are attractive investment opportunities. However, we favor Hertz over Avis for the following reasons: Management: Hertzs CEO Mark Frissora is extremely well-regarded in the industry. Since Frissora joined in July 2006, Hertz has beaten managements guidance every year except for in 2008 and the company has beaten consensus estimates for the past 15 quarters in a row. Prior to joining Hertz in July 2006, Frissora had a phenomenal track record at Tenneco During Frissoras tenure as CEO of Tenneco (1999-2006), the company dramatically improved its operating efficiency and financial performance, which translated into significant increases in Tennecos market capitalization. In 2004, Tenneco earned the industrys top award for auto supply companies, which recognized the company for delivering the highest shareholder returns 158% in one year and 745% in three years of any global automotive supplier
Dollar Thrifty Acquisition: After taking into account synergies, Hertz paid less than 3.0x EBITDA to acquire Dollar Thrifty, which we believe was a very prudent deal for management
Zipcar Acquisition: In March 2013, Avis acquired Zipcar for $500 million to enter the Hourly Rentals segment. Hertz acquired technology to implement hourly rental capabilities in its fleet and will have its entire fleet upgraded with hourly rental technology by 2014 for a fraction of the cost 1 2 3 European Car Rental Market 73 European Car Rental Market Share ~$13.0 billion market Highly fragmented market, with large percentage of independent and small car-rental companies. Analysts expect industry to consolidate over the next five years Plans to implement three brand offering across Europe Hertz: premium Dollar Thrifty: mid-tier Firefly (formerly Advantage): value Dollar Thrifty opportunity in Europe Other 29% Avis Budget 18% Europcar 21% Hertz 16% National Alamo 5% Sixt 10% Size of European Car Rental Market (millions) $13,000 Low Base High Size of Market $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 Dollar Thrifty Market Share 1% 2% 3% Dollar Thrifty Revenue $130 $260 $390 Pre-Tax Margin 20.0% 22.5% 25.0% Pre-Tax Income $26 $59 $98 Taxes @ 35% $9 $20 $34 Net Income $17 $38 $63 Shares Outstanding 427 427 427 EPS Impact $0.04 $0.09 $0.15 Economic Downturn The rental car industry is not as cyclical as intuition would suggest. During phases of weak demand, car rental companies cut down their fleet size by selling cars This reduces capacity, balancing supply-demand and keeping pricing stable Hertz has been profitable through business cycles During 2008 and 2009, Hertz generated pre-tax income of $237 and $199 respectively by reducing fleet size by 1% and 10% respectively to maintain supply-demand balance Furthermore, Hertz's mix shift to off-airport locations, especially the non-cyclical insurance market, mitigates risk of cyclical earnings and cash flows 74 Debunking Myths About Hertz 75 Myth #1 Car rental is too capital intensive Myth #2 Car rental is a commodity business Myth #3 Used car prices are a big unknown Car rental is a good business, as evidenced by a long history of relatively stable market share among competitors and a recent history of >10% ROICs. Hertz's subpar profitability from 2005-2009 was the result of inefficient operations, excess capacity in U.S. auto makers, and poor fleet management. These issues are now fixed. Over 37% of transactions were made by Hertz Gold Club Members. Gold Club Members are 3x more likely to rent from Hertz over other companies. The company has a 99.3% retention rate on corporate contracts. More than 70% of Hertz's fleet is acquired using fleet debt, which is non-recourse to the company. Fleet interest expense is akin to cost of goods sold. Acquiring fleet does not tie up significant capital. Non-fleet capex is relatively small, especially given technological changes that allow Hertz to expand its network without major infrastructure investments. Over 40.5 million used cars were sold in the U.S. in 2012 the used car market is extremely large, efficient, and liquid. After 9/11, used car prices rebounded in four months. After the financial crisis, prices bounced back in six months. All rental car companies are equally affected by changes in used car prices. If prices fall more than expected, rental car companies can raise prices to maintain profitability (72% R-squared). Lower used car prices are correlated with lower new car prices (81% R-squared). Stock Price History IPO to Today 76 $0 $5 $10 $15 $20 $25 $30 March 2007: Enterprise announces Alamo / National acquisition 2008-2009 Recession April 2010: Hertz announces bid for Dollar Thrifty November 2012: Hertz closes Dollar Thrifty acquisition March 2009: Hertz announces Advantage acquisition June 2011: Avis announces Avis Europe acquisition February 2013: Hertz increases synergies estimate from $160 million to $600 million Competitor Overview Avis Car Rental (2012 rev: $7.0bn): Operates through the Avis, Budget, and ZipCar brands. Rents cars that the company owns or leases. Maintains a substantial network of car rental locations both in the United States and internationally. Rental fleet of 496,000 vehicles. The company completed more than 29 million vehicle rental transactions worldwide. 71% of revenue generated on- airport, 29% generated off-airport Truck Rental (2012 rev: $0.4bn): Operates through the Budget brand. 77 Business Description Rental Locations Revenue Breakdown With the acquisition of Dollar Thrifty, the Company has over 10,000 locations across the United States and 17 other countries Segment Geography North America Intl Total Avis Company-operated 1,350 1,300 2,650 Licensee 300 2,800 3,100 Total Avis 1,650 4,100 5,750 Budget Company-operated 1,000 550 1,550 Licensee 400 1,200 1,600 Total Budget 1,400 1,750 3,150 Combined 3,050 5,850 8,900 NA Car Rental 63% Intl Car Rental 32% Truck Rental 5% NA 68% Intl 32% Fit with Pershing Square Criteria 78 Criteria Ideal Acceptable Hertz Expected Profit ($MM) $300+ $150+ $300+ Expected Return (IRR) 40%+ 25%+ 50%+ Upside/Downside 4 to 1 3 to 1 2.6 to 1 Realization Horizon 1 year 2 years 1 year Target TEV $5bn+ $2bn+ $16bn Buy Liquidity 2 months < 3 months 1.5 months Sell Liquidity 2 months < 3 months 1.5 months Domicle Domestic (English) Foreign (English) Domestic (English) Strategy Value/Large MoS Value/Free Growth Value/Free Growth Corporate Resilence Intrinsic Extrinsic/Deep Value Intrinsic Governance Uncontrolled Rational Large Shareholder Uncontrolled Stance Passive Active Passive Value Ascertainability High Moderate High Appendix F: Downside Case Financials 79 Model Summary Downside Case 80 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Income Statement Metrics Total Revenue $8,525 $7,102 $7,563 $8,298 $9,021 $10,814 $11,192 $11,668 $11,985 $12,325 Total Revenue Growth (1.8%) (16.7%) 6.5% 9.7% 8.7% 19.9% 3.5% 4.3% 2.7% 2.8% Car Rental 0.8% (12.8%) 8.5% 9.2% 7.8% 22.3% 3.2% 4.2% 2.8% 2.9% Equipment Rental (5.5%) (33.0%) (3.7%) 13.0% 14.5% 6.6% 5.6% 4.6% 2.3% 2.3% EBITDA 1,240 998 1,089 1,356 1,607 2,033 2,261 2,429 2,516 2,613 EBITDA Margin 14.5% 14.1% 14.4% 16.3% 17.8% 18.8% 20.2% 20.8% 21.0% 21.2% Net Interest Expense 429 404 436 279 274 442 423 319 290 242 EBT 238 199 347 681 901 1,118 1,343 1,593 1,696 1,828 EBT Margin 2.8% 2.8% 4.6% 8.2% 10.0% 10.3% 12.0% 13.7% 14.2% 14.8% Car Rental 4.2% 7.8% 9.9% 12.0% 13.4% 15.5% 16.8% 17.5% 17.7% 17.9% Equipment Rental 16.4% 6.9% 7.3% 13.3% 16.4% 15.4% 17.1% 18.9% 19.6% 20.2% Cash Tax Expense 81 68 118 231 306 380 457 542 577 622 Net Income on Operating Basis 136 117 212 430 595 738 886 1,051 1,120 1,207 EPS $0.42 $0.31 $0.51 $0.97 $1.33 $1.59 $1.90 $2.24 $2.38 $2.55 EPS Growth nm (25.5%) 63.6% 88.0% 37.4% 19.8% 19.5% 18.0% 6.0% 7.2% Balance Sheet Metrics Net Debt 3,260 3,339 3,249 3,465 5,440 4,582 3,253 1,619 (156) (2,075) Total Debt to Equity 3.12x 2.25x 2.77x 2.11x 2.61x 1.78x 1.36x 1.03x 0.73x 0.49x Net Debt / EBITDA 2.63x 3.34x 2.98x 2.55x 3.38x 2.25x 1.44x 0.67x (0.06x) (0.79x) Return on Equity 9.3% 5.6% 10.1% 19.2% 23.7% 21.0% 20.8% 20.4% 18.5% 17.1% Return on Invested Capital 7.3% 5.9% 6.5% 9.1% 8.6% 10.5% 11.6% 12.1% 12.5% 13.0% Return on Assets 2.7% 2.5% 3.0% 3.6% 3.3% 4.3% 4.9% 5.3% 5.5% 5.9% Cash Flow Metrics Cash Flow - Operating 2,096 1,775 2,209 2,233 2,718 3,463 4,069 4,539 4,752 4,970 Capex 1,317 1,579 1,063 1,832 2,663 2,604 2,740 2,905 2,977 3,051 FCF 779 196 1,146 402 55 859 1,329 1,634 1,775 1,919 Income Statement Downside Case 81 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Net Sales $8,525 $7,102 $7,563 $8,298 $9,021 $10,814 $11,192 $11,668 $11,985 $12,325 Bloomberg Consensus: $10,911 $11,695 $12,548 Expenses: Direct Operating 4,930 4,084 4,283 4,566 4,796 5,249 5,345 5,501 5,602 5,710 Deprec. of revenue earning equip, leases 2,194 1,931 1,868 1,906 2,148 2,776 2,934 3,250 3,379 3,516 SG&A 769 641 665 745 946 1,223 1,362 1,512 1,545 1,580 Interest Expense 870 680 773 700 650 873 840 653 608 541 Interest Income 25 65 12 6 5 6 6 6 6 7 Impairments, Others 1,169 0 0 63 36 0 0 0 0 0 Total Expense 9,907 7,272 7,577 7,974 8,570 9,915 10,075 10,309 10,527 10,741 GAAP Pre-Tax Income (1,382) (171) (15) 324 451 899 1,117 1,360 1,458 1,585 Adjustments for non-cash and non-recurring items: Purchase Accounting 101 90 90 88 110 126 131 137 140 144 Non-Cash Debt Charges 100 172 183 130 84 92 94 96 98 100 Other charges 1,419 108 89 138 258 0 0 0 0 0 (Restructuring Charges, Derivative Loss, Pension Adjustment, Acquisition Charges, Other) Total Adjustments 1,620 370 362 356 451 219 225 233 238 244 Adjusted Pre-Tax Income 238 199 347 681 901 1,118 1,343 1,593 1,696 1,828 Cash Tax 81 68 118 231 306 380 457 542 577 622 Less: Noncontrolling interest 21 15 17 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 Net Income to Hertz 136 117 212 430 595 738 886 1,051 1,120 1,207 Diluted EPS $0.42 $0.31 $0.51 $0.97 $1.33 $1.59 $1.90 $2.24 $2.38 $2.55 Bloomberg Consensus: $1.90 $2.38 $2.68 Fully Diluted Share 323 372 412 445 448 464 466 469 471 473 EBITDA Reconciliation Downside Case 82 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Car Rental Segment: GAAP Pre-tax income (385) 190 442 756 784 1,324 1,496 1,624 1,687 1,759 + D&A and other purchase accounting 2,107 1,785 1,724 1,774 2,007 2,643 2,790 3,099 3,225 3,360 + Interest, net of interest income 445 302 390 329 312 410 395 307 289 270 + Impairment charges 443 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAAP EBITDA before adjustments 2,610 2,276 2,556 2,858 3,103 4,377 4,681 5,030 5,202 5,389 - Car rental fleet interest 425 316 377 313 297 390 376 294 278 260 - Car rental fleet depreciation 1,844 1,614 1,595 1,651 1,876 2,486 2,627 2,929 3,051 3,181 + Non-cash expenses & charges 83 130 135 33 41 49 51 53 55 56 + Extraordinary, unusual charges 108 105 30 24 136 0 0 0 0 0 RAC Segment EBITDA 532 582 749 950 1,107 1,550 1,728 1,860 1,928 2,005 Equipment Rental Segment: GAAP Pre-tax income (629) (20) (15) 69 152 175 212 251 267 284 + D&A and other purchase accounting 417 383 338 324 356 391 411 429 439 450 + Interest, net of interest income 111 53 39 45 52 66 65 51 48 44 + Impairment charges 111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAAP EBITDA before adjustments 624 416 363 439 561 632 687 731 754 779 + Non-cash, extraordinary, unusual charges 106 39 35 42 25 0 0 0 0 0 HERC Segment EBITDA 731 455 398 481 586 632 687 731 754 779 Other reconciling items: GAAP Pre-tax income (368) (340) (442) (501) (486) (600) (590) (515) (496) (459) + D&A and other purchase accounting 6 8 10 11 13 16 17 17 18 18 + Interest, net of interest income 307 311 333 321 282 392 375 290 265 221 + Noncontrolling interest (21) (15) (17) (20) 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAAP EBITDA before adjustments (76) (36) (117) (188) (191) (192) (199) (208) (213) (220) + Non-cash expenses & charges 30 37 37 28 27 43 44 46 47 49 + Extraordinary, unusual charges 24 (39) 21 85 78 0 0 0 0 0 Corporate Segment EBITDA (23) (38) (59) (74) (86) (150) (155) (162) (166) (171) Total Adjusted EBITDA 1,240 998 1,089 1,356 1,607 2,033 2,261 2,429 2,516 2,613 Balance Sheet Downside Case 83 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Assets: Cash & ST investments 1,326 1,351 2,582 1,240 1,105 1,677 2,564 3,697 4,585 5,544 Receivables 1,911 1,325 1,357 1,616 1,887 2,412 2,496 2,602 2,673 2,749 Inventory 96 93 87 84 106 127 131 137 140 144 Revenue Earning Equipment 8,692 8,852 8,924 10,105 12,908 12,520 12,103 11,525 10,884 10,172 Other Property & Equipment 1,255 1,188 1,164 1,252 1,436 1,457 1,071 539 (44) (684) Goodwill & Intangibles 2,886 2,893 2,879 2,954 5,374 5,273 5,169 5,060 4,948 4,833 Other 287 300 353 422 470 470 470 470 470 470 Total Assets 16,451 16,002 17,345 17,674 23,286 23,936 24,004 24,031 23,656 23,229 Liabilities & S.E.: Payables 931 659 954 897 999 1,198 1,240 1,292 1,327 1,365 Fleet Debt 6,387 5,675 5,476 6,612 8,903 8,636 8,348 7,949 7,507 7,016 Corporate Debt, Leases 4,586 4,689 5,831 4,705 6,545 6,259 5,816 5,316 4,428 3,469 Deferred Income Taxes 1,482 1,471 1,508 1,688 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 Other 1,577 1,410 1,457 1,535 1,631 1,631 1,631 1,631 1,631 1,631 Total Liabilities 14,963 13,905 15,226 15,439 20,779 20,423 19,734 18,889 17,594 16,181 Shareholders' Equity 1,488 2,097 2,118 2,235 2,507 3,513 4,270 5,142 6,062 7,048 Total Liabilities & S.E. 16,451 16,002 17,345 17,674 23,286 23,936 24,004 24,031 23,656 23,229 Key Statistics: Net Debt 3,260 3,339 3,249 3,465 5,440 4,582 3,253 1,619 (156) (2,075) Net Debt / Equity 2.19x 1.59x 1.53x 1.55x 2.17x 1.30x 0.76x 0.31x (0.03x) (0.29x) Net Debt / EBITDA 2.63x 3.34x 2.98x 2.55x 3.38x 2.25x 1.44x 0.67x (0.06x) (0.79x) Total Debt / Equity 3.08x 2.24x 2.75x 2.11x 2.61x 1.78x 1.36x 1.03x 0.73x 0.49x Receivables Turnover 4.46x 5.36x 5.57x 5.13x 4.78x 4.48x 4.48x 4.48x 4.48x 4.48x Receivables Days 80.7 67.2 64.6 70.1 75.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 Cash Flow Statement Downside Case 84 ($ in millions, except per share data) Fiscal Year Ending December 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014e 2015e 2016e 2017e Operating Activities: Net Income 136 117 212 430 595 738 886 1,051 1,120 1,207 Revenue Earning Equip. D&A 2,194 1,931 1,868 1,906 2,148 2,776 2,934 3,250 3,379 3,516 Other PPE D&A 239 226 219 228 257 297 296 297 293 289 Changes in Working Capital (331) 316 270 (313) (190) (348) (47) (59) (39) (42) Others (143) (815) (360) (17) (91) - - - - - Cash Flow from Operating Act. 2,096 1,775 2,209 2,233 2,718 3,463 4,069 4,539 4,752 4,970 Investing Activities: Fleet Equip. Capex, net disposals (1,178) (1,502) (922) (1,604) (2,488) (2,388) (2,516) (2,672) (2,737) (2,804) Other PPE Capex, net (139) (77) (140) (228) (175) (216) (224) (233) (240) (247) Acquisitions, net cash acquired (71) (76) (48) (227) (1,905) - - - - - Others (79) 35 (1) (30) 90 - - - - - Cash Flow from Investing Act. (1,466) (1,621) (1,111) (2,089) (4,477) (2,604) (2,740) (2,905) (2,977) (3,051) Financing Activities: Proceeds from Debt Issuance, net (816) 523 (799) (1,320) 443 (36) (193) (250) (888) (959) Proceeds from Rev. Line of Credit 199 (1,126) 1,026 57 1,273 (250) (250) (250) Proceeds from Equity Issuance - 529 - - - - - - - - Dividends Paid - - - - - - - - - - Others (78) (54) (93) (224) (92) - - - - - Cash Flow from Financing Act. (695) (129) 134 (1,487) 1,625 (286) (443) (500) (888) (959) Cash Flow for Year (66) 25 1,231 (1,342) (135) 573 886 1,134 888 959 Cash at Beginning of Year 1,391 1,326 1,351 2,582 1,240 1,105 1,677 2,564 3,697 4,585 Cash at End of Year 1,326 1,351 2,582 1,240 1,105 1,677 2,564 3,697 4,585 5,544 CFO less Capex (FCF) 779 196 1,146 402 55 859 1,329 1,634 1,775 1,919 Appendix G: Upside Case Financials
Richard is a first-year student at Columbia Business School. Richard is Co-President of the Columbia Student Investment Management Association. Prior to CBS, Richard was a Senior Financial Analyst at New Constructs.
Richard received a B.B.A. in Economics and Finance from University of Kentucky. 92 Stephen Lieu ([email protected])
Stephen is a first-year student at Columbia Business School. Stephen is Co-President of the Columbia Student Investment Management Association. Prior to CBS, Stephen worked for four years in investment banking and private equity.
Stephen received a B.S. in Economics from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
Rahul is a first-year student at Columbia Business School. Prior to business school, Rahul was a Sector Specialist at Fidelity Investments, initially in Boston and later in Tokyo. Rahul focused on the media and telecom industries in the U.S. and the technology industry in Asia.
Rahul received a B.S. in Information Science from Northeastern University and an M.S. in Finance from Boston College. Thank you for your time! 93
Nit For Facility Management & Maintenance Contract For 11 Nos. Avc Based Ettm Tolling Systems & Toll Plazas Installed On Highways Including Operations Center at Nha HQ, Islamabad