Preposition

Prepositions are the words that indicate location. Usually, prepositions show this
location in the physical world. Check out the three examples below:

The puppy is on the
floor.

The puppy is in the
trash can.

The puppy is beside the
phone.
On, in, and beside are all prepositions. They are showing where the puppy is.
Prepositions can also show location in time. Read the next three examples:
At midnight, Jill craved mashed potatoes with grape jelly.
In the spring, I always vow to plant tomatoes but end up buying them at the
supermarket.
During the marathon, Iggy' s legs complained with sharp pains shooting up
his thighs.
At midnight, in the spring, and during the marathon all show location in time.
Because there are so many possible locations, there are quite a few prepositions.
Below is the complete list.
about
above
according to
across
after
against
concerning
despite
down
during
except
except for
onto
on top of
out
out of
outside
over
along
along with
among
apart from
around
as
as for
at
because of
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between
beyond
but*
by
by means of
excepting
for
from
in
in addition to
in back of
in case of
in front of
in place of
inside
in spite of
instead of
into
like
near
next
of
off
on
past
regarding
round
since
through
throughout
till
to
toward
under
underneath
unlike
until
up
upon
up to
with
within
without
* But is very seldom a preposition. When it is used as a preposition, but means the
same asexceptEveryone ate frog legs but J amie. But usually functions as
a coordinating conjunction.
Understand how to form a prepositional phrase.
Prepositions generally introduce prepositional phrases. Prepositional phrases look like
this:
P RE P OS I T I ON + OP T I ON AL MODI F I E RS + NOUN, P RONOUN , OR GE RUND
Here are some examples:
At school
At = preposition; school = noun.
According to us
According to = preposition; us = pronoun.
By chewing
By = preposition; chewing = gerund.
Under the stove
Under = preposition; the = modifier; stove = noun.
In the crumb-filled, rumpled sheets
In = preposition; the, crumb-filled, rumpled = modifiers; sheets = noun.


Realize that some prepositions also function as subordinate conjunctions.
Some prepositions also function as subordinate conjunctions. These prepositions
are after,as, before, since, and until. A subordinate conjunction will have both
a subject and a verbfollowing it, forming a subordinate clause.
Look at these examples:
After Sam and Esmerelda kissed goodnight
After = subordinate conjunction; Sam, Esmerelda = subjects; kissed = verb.
As Jerome buckled on the parachute
As = subordinate conjunction; J erome = subject; buckled = verb.
Before I eat these frog legs
Before = subordinate conjunction; I = subject; eat = verb.
Since we have enjoyed the squid eyeball stew
Since = subordinate conjunction; we = subject; have enjoyed = verb.
Until your hiccups stop
Until = subordinate conjunction; hiccups = subject; stop = verb.
If you find a noun [with or without modifiers] following one of these five prepositions,
then all you have is a prepositional phrase. Look at these examples:
After the killer calculus test
After = preposition; the, killer, calculus = modifiers; test = noun.
As a good parent
As = preposition; a, good = modifiers; parent = noun.
Before dinner
Before = preposition; dinner = noun.
Since the breakup
Since = preposition; the = modifier; breakup = noun.
Until midnight
Until = preposition; midnight = noun.
Example of preposition

Prepositions Time
English Usage Example
on days of the week on Monday
English Usage Example
in months / seasons
time of day
year
after a certain period of time (when?)
in August / in winter
in the morning
in 2006
in an hour
at for night
for weekend
a certain point of time (when?)
at night
at the weekend
at half past nine
since from a certain point of time (past till now) since 1980
for over a certain period of time (past till
now)
for 2 years
ago a certain time in the past 2 years ago
before earlier than a certain point of time before 2004
to telling the time ten to six (5:50)
past telling the time ten past six (6:10)
to / till /
until
marking the beginning and end of a
period of time
from Monday to/till Friday
till / until in the sense of how long something is
going to last
He is on holiday until Friday.
by in the sense of at the latest
up to a certain time
I will be back by 6 oclock.
By 11 o'clock, I had read five
pages.
Prepositions Place (Position and Direction)
English Usage Example
in room, building, street, town, country
book, paper etc.
car, taxi
picture, world
in the kitchen, in London
in the book
in the car, in a taxi
in the picture, in the world
at meaning next to, by an object
for table
at the door, at the station
at the table
English Usage Example
for events
place where you are to do something
typical (watch a film, study, work)
at a concert, at the party
at the cinema, at school,
at work
on attached
for a place with a river
being on a surface
for a certain side (left, right)
for a floor in a house
for public transport
for television, radio
the picture on the wall
London lies on the
Thames.
on the table
on the left
on the first floor
on the bus, on a plane
on TV, on the radio
by, next to,
beside
left or right of somebody or something Jane is standing by / next
to / beside the car.
under on the ground, lower than (or covered by)
something else
the bag is under the table
below lower than something else but above
ground
the fish are below the
surface
over covered by something else
meaning more than
getting to the other side (also across)
overcoming an obstacle
put a jacket over your
shirt
over 16 years of age
walk over the bridge
climb over the wall
above higher than something else, but not
directly over it
a path above the lake
across getting to the other side (also over)
getting to the other side
walk across the bridge
swim across the lake
through something with limits on top, bottom and
the sides
drive through the tunnel
to movement to person or building
movement to a place or country
for bed
go to the cinema
go to London / Ireland
go to bed
into enter a room / a building go into the kitchen / the
English Usage Example
house
towards movement in the direction of something
(but not directly to it)
go 5 steps towards the
house
onto movement to the top of something jump onto the table
from in the sense of where from a flower from the garden
Other important Prepositions
English Usage Example
from who gave it a present from Jane
of who/what does it belong to
what does it show
a page of the book
the picture of a palace
by who made it a book by Mark Twain
on walking or riding on horseback
entering a public transport vehicle
on foot, on horseback
get on the bus
in entering a car / Taxi get in the car
off leaving a public transport vehicle get off the train
out
of
leaving a car / Taxi get out of the taxi
by rise or fall of something
travelling (other than walking or
horseriding)
prices have risen by 10
percent
by car, by bus
at for age she learned Russian at 45
abou
t
for topics, meaning what about we were talking about you


References
http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/preposition.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions
https://www.google.co.th/search?q=preposition&biw=1440&bih=799&source=lnms&tbm
=isch&sa=X&ei=TcVFVPG6EsGvuQSOqoCICQ&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ#facrc=_
&imgdii=DjKm7gpwikMp7M%3A%3B3hbFKwQZ5mn4TM%3BDjKm7gpwikMp7M%3A&i
mgrc=DjKm7gpwikMp7M%253A%3Bix8QZ0as1HUIoM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fde
solatte.files.wordpress.com%252F2012%252F07%252Fposter-
preposition.jpg%3Bhttps%253A%252F%252Fensinacuiaba.wordpress.com%252F2014
%252F05%252F21%252Fpreposition-games%252Fcomment-page-
1%252F%3B1181%3B844
https://www.google.co.th/search?q=preposition&biw=1440&bih=799&source=lnms&tbm
=isch&sa=X&ei=TcVFVPG6EsGvuQSOqoCICQ&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ#facrc=_
&imgdii=_&imgrc=DjKm7gpwikMp7M%253A%3Bix8QZ0as1HUIoM%3Bhttp%253A%25
2F%252Fdesolatte.files.wordpress.com%252F2012%252F07%252Fposter-
preposition.jpg%3Bhttps%253A%252F%252Fensinacuiaba.wordpress.com%252F2014
%252F05%252F21%252Fpreposition-games%252Fcomment-page-
1%252F%3B1181%3B844
http://poppythebunny.blogspot.in/2014/10/preposition-prepositions-are-words-that.html

you have to memorize phrsal verbs with their meanings
list of all prepositions with examples picture

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AT, ON, IN + TIME & PLACE EXPRESSIONS
1) TIME EXPRESSIONS

2) TIME & PLACE EXPRESSIONS

3) TIME & PLACE PYRAMID







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