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    Sweet Sorghum Species & Cultivars in China

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    Dinh xuan Ba
    1. The document discusses different species and cultivars of sweet sorghum in China, including Sorghum bicolor, the important cereal crop known as gao liang in China. 2. Sorghum bicolor originated in Africa and has spread throughout the tropics and subtropics, introduced to China and other regions. There are many cultivated forms derived from human selection that are fully interbreeding. 3. The document describes four principal races or cultivars of Sorghum bicolor grown in China - 'bicolor', 'cernuum', 'dochna', and 'nervosum' - distinguishing their characteristics such as panicle structure and grain properties.

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    Sweet Sorghum Species & Cultivars in China

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    Dinh xuan Ba
    86 views2 pages
    1. The document discusses different species and cultivars of sweet sorghum in China, including Sorghum bicolor, the important cereal crop known as gao liang in China. 2. Sorghum bicolor originated in Africa and has spread throughout the tropics and subtropics, introduced to China and other regions. There are many cultivated forms derived from human selection that are fully interbreeding. 3. The document describes four principal races or cultivars of Sorghum bicolor grown in China - 'bicolor', 'cernuum', 'dochna', and 'nervosum' - distinguishing their characteristics such as panicle structure and grain properties.

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    Introduction to 05 species and some cultivars of sweet sorghum cultivated in China

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    1. The document discusses different species and cultivars of sweet sorghum in China, including Sorghum bicolor, the important cereal crop known as gao liang in China. 2. Sorghum bicolor originated in Africa and has spread throughout the tropics and subtropics, introduced to China and other regions. There are many cultivated forms derived from human selection that are fully interbreeding. 3. The document describes four principal races or cultivars of Sorghum bicolor grown in China - 'bicolor', 'cernuum', 'dochna', and 'nervosum' - distinguishing their characteristics such as panicle structure and grain properties.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views2 pages

    Sweet Sorghum Species & Cultivars in China

    Uploaded by

    Dinh xuan Ba
    1. The document discusses different species and cultivars of sweet sorghum in China, including Sorghum bicolor, the important cereal crop known as gao liang in China. 2. Sorghum bicolor originated in Africa and has spread throughout the tropics and subtropics, introduced to China and other regions. There are many cultivated forms derived from human selection that are fully interbreeding. 3. The document describes four principal races or cultivars of Sorghum bicolor grown in China - 'bicolor', 'cernuum', 'dochna', and 'nervosum' - distinguishing their characteristics such as panicle structure and grain properties.

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    SWEET SORGHUM SPECIES & CULTIVARS IN CHINA

    By Chen Shouliang (守良); Sylvia M. Phillips

    1. Sorghum nitidum (Vahl) Persoon, 光高粱 guang gao liang


    2 Sorghum halepense (Linnaeus) Persoon, 石茅 shi mao
    3. Sorghum propinquum (Kunth) Hitchcock, 高粱 ni gao liang
    4. Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf in Prain, 丹草 su dan cao
    5. Sorghum bicolor (Linnaeus) Moench, 高粱 gao liang

    Sorghum bicolor (Linnaeus) Moench


    高粱 gao liang

    Holcus bicolor Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 301. 1771; Andropogon bicolor (Linnaeus) Roxburgh; A.
    sorghum (Linnaeus) Brotero; A. sorghum var. technicus Körnicke; Holcus cernuus Arduino; H. dochna
    Forsskål; H. sorghum Linnaeus; Sorghum cernuum (Arduino) Host; S. dochna (Forsskål) Snowden; S.
    nervosum Besser ex Schultes; S. technicum (Körnicke) Roshevitz; S. vulgare Persoon, nom. illeg.
    superfl. Annual. Culms erect, robust, 3–5 m tall, 2–5 cm in diam.; nodes glabrous or pubescent. Leaf
    sheaths glabrous or slightly farinose; leaf blades linear or linear-lanceolate, 40–70 × 3–8 cm, glabrous;
    ligule subrounded, ciliate. Panicle very variable, lax or dense, cylindrical or pyramidal to obovate in
    outline, up to 60 cm, main axis elongate to very short; primary branches ascending or spreading, lower
    branches sometimes almost as long as panicle, stiff or pendulous; racemes tough at maturity, composed
    of 2–6 spikelet pairs. Sessile spikelet variable, broadly obovate to subglobose, 3.5–5.5 mm; callus
    hispid; lower glume leathery to papery, glabrous to pilose, pale creamygreen to dark brown or blackish
    at maturity, upper lemma usually awned; awn 0.4–1.5 cm. Pedicelled spikelet male or barren, linear-
    lanceolate, persistent or deciduous. Caryopsis large, often exposed between the gaping glumes. Fl. and
    fr. Jun–Sep. 2n =20.
    Cultivated in China [native to Africa; widely cultivated in the tropics]. Sorghum bicolor is the
    important, tropical cereal sorghum. Originating in Africa, its cultivation for both grain and fodder
    spread throughout the tropics and subtropics of the Old World. It was introduced with the slave trade to
    America, including warm parts of the United States. It is now cultivated throughout most of China.
    There is a multiplicity of forms of cultivated sorghum, derived by human selection and all fully
    interfertile. Some forms have sweet culms. Many species names have been proposed in the past in an
    attempt to categorize this variation, but they represent no more than intergrading cultivars within the
    common species pool. The name Holcus saccharatus Linnaeus (Sorghum saccharatum (Linnaeus)
    Moench) has been identified as this species, but its application is uncertain (see Davidse & Turland in
    Taxon 50: 577–580. 2001) and the name has been formally rejected. The principal races grown in
    China are as follows.
    ‘bicolor’
    高粱 gao liang
    Panicle loose with long branches, to 40 cm. Sessile spikelets broadly obovate; glumes leathery, glossy.
    Grain relatively small, enclosed within the glumes or only the top protruding. Cultivated for grain; a
    primitive type.

    ‘cernuum’
    弯头高粱 wan tou gao liang
    Panicle elliptic or ovate-elliptic, dense, 8–20 cm, curved or erect. Sessile spikelets broadly ovate,
    whitish; glumes thin, papery, transversely wrinkled, densely white-villous to glabrescent. Grain pale,
    subrotund to orbicular, usually much flattened, protruding beyond the glumes. Cultivated in Xinjiang
    for grain and forage.

    ‘dochna’
    甜高粱 tian gao liang
    Culms with sweet juice. Panicle elongate, to 50 cm; branches racemose or corymbose, the lower ones
    half as long as panicle or more. Sessile spikelets broadly elliptic to obovate; glumes crustaceous,
    striately veined above middle. Grain elliptic or elliptic-oblong, enclosed by the glumes or only slightly
    protruding. Cultivated for grain and forage throughout most of China, including forms used for making
    brooms.

    ‘nervosum’
    多脉高粱 duo mai gao liang
    Panicle elongate, dense, elliptic in outline, to 40 cm. Sessile spikelets elliptic to broadly elliptic;
    glumes papery, prominently veined ± throughout. Grain broadly elliptic, protruding beyond the
    glumes. Cultivated for grain, mainly in N China.

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