A huge, hungry snake slithers across the dark forest

floor. It hasnt eaten in a month, and its ready for

a meal. The deadly hunter lifts its head and silently
flicks its forked tongue. Suddenly, it spots what its
looking foranother snake. The killer raises its body
up high, ready to strike. Its victim better watch out.
This is no ordinary snakeits a king cobra!
The king cobra is the worlds largest venomous
snake. Its bite has enough venom to kill 30 people.
Luckily, these creatures hardly ever bite humans.
They use their venom mainly when hunting. Their
favorite prey are snakes, such as pythons, rat
snakes, and even other cobras.
Meet the King
D Green tree
python
Rat snake C
44
King cobra
King cobras are longer than
most cars. They can grow
to be 18 feet (5.5 m) long and
weigh more than 40 pounds (18 kg).
55
King cobras are good hunters because they can
easily sneak up on other animals. These fierce killers
live mostly in tropical rain forests. Since their
body colors blend in with the forest floor, they can
often sneak up on their prey without being seen.
When a king cobra is ready to attack, it does
something to make itself look very scary. The
snake uses special muscles to spread out the
loose neck skin behind its head. This hood
makes the king cobras head look even bigger
than it really is.
Sneaky Snakes
Where king cobras live
N
S
W E
A King cobras can be found in Southeast Asia,
including northern India and southern China.
North
America
South
America
Africa
Europe
Asia
Australia
Pacific
Ocean
Atlantic
Ocean
Indian
Ocean
Southern Ocean
Pacific
Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Antarctica
CHINA
INDIA
66
King cobras can be many
colors such as tan, black, or
greenishbrown. Some also have
light yellow stripes on their backs.
hood

To get a meal, the king cobra uses its good senses.

How? It picks up the smell of prey through its
nostrils. It also uses its forked tongue to catch
scentsflicking it in and out as it slithers along
the ground.
These snakes also use another sense to help
them hunttheir sight. During daylight, their
sharp eyes can spot a moving animal more
than 300 feet (91 m) away. Thats about the
length of a football field.
Good Senses
forked tongue
88
Snakes dont have ears on the
outside of their heads. However,
the bones in their jaws can feel the slight
shaking of the ground caused by an
animal or person moving nearby.

While a king cobra uses its senses to hunt, it

uses its fangs to kill. The fangs are attached to
the snakes upper jaw. They are about half an
inch (1 cm) long. Like a doctors needle, they
are hollow and sharp. They can easily pierce a
victims skin.
What makes the fangs deadly is the venom
that pumps through them. The poison is made
in two sacs, one on each side of the snakes
head. The sacs are connected to the fangs by
tubes. The deadly venom shoots out of the
sacs, through the tubes, and into the fangs.
With one bite, a king cobra pumps
about one teaspoon (5 ml) of venom
into its victim. Thats more poison than any
other venomous snake is able to inject.
However, the king cobras venom is not the
strongest. Mambas and coral snakes, for
example, make deadlier poison.
Deadly Poison
Black mamba C
A Coral snake
10 10
fangs
tube
venom sac
11 11
Once a king cobra is ready to bite its victim, it
coils the lower part of its body. It then raises its
upper body high off the groundup to six feet
(1.8 m)! Spreading its hood, the giant hunter
opens its mouth wide, flicks its tongue, and
strikes! As the fangs sink into the victim, the
deadly venom is injected.
If the prey tries to escape, the cobra slithers
after it and bites again. The venom causes
sharp pain. It makes the victims muscles and
lungs stop working so the animal cant move
or breathe.
The King Strikes
A A king cobra getting ready to attack
12 12
A king cobra
swims in a stream.
King cobras have many ways
to chase their prey. These
expert hunters can slither along the
ground, swim across rivers, or climb
trees to catch a meal.
13 13
The king cobra doesnt wait for its prey to die
before eating it. While the victim is still alive, the
snake grabs the animals head with its teeth and
swallows it whole. The prey may not die until its
inside the snakes stomach.
It can take one hour for a king cobra to swallow
a large victim. Digesting the whole animal,
including its skin and bones, can take a week.
The snake may not need to eat again for a month.
A A king cobra eating a rat snake
A Meal for a King
14 14
Snakes have teeth, but they cant
chew. Instead, the king cobra uses
its teeth to grab its victim. Then the
snakes jaws move from side to side,
pushing the animal down its throat.
15 15
A king cobra wont usually attack unless its
hungry. However, it will defend itself if its being
attacked. First, it tries to frighten the enemy
away. The snake raises its head and spreads its
hood. It opens its mouth and growls like a dog.
If the enemy isnt scared away, then the snake
strikes out with its head. It doesnt always bite.
If it does, it may not use venom. It can take
about 10 to 15 days to make the poison, so
often the snake saves it for killing prey.
Most animals are afraid to attack
an adult king cobra. A little animal
called the mongoose, however, is one of the
snakes few enemies. The mongoose is so
quick that it can jump out of the way when
a cobra strikes.
A mongoose
Self-Defense
16 16
A king cobra in a
defense position
1 1
In the spring, the female king cobra makes a nest
for her eggs. She uses her body to pile up dead
leaves and twigs. She lays 20 to 50 eggs on the
pile and covers them with more leaves and twigs.
Then she coils herself up on top.
Sometimes animals try to eat the king cobras
eggs. The female scares them away by rising
up, spreading her hood, and growling. She sits
on the nest for about two months. However,
she leaves just before the baby snakes hatch.
Thats lucky for the babies. The mother is
hungry, and snakes are her favorite food!
The Queens Nest
A King cobra eggs
18 18
King cobras are the only type
of snake that stay with their
eggs. Other kinds of snakes just lay
their eggs and leave them.
A nest of king
cobra eggs
1
1
When a baby snake is ready to hatch, it pokes a
hole in its shell and crawls out. Each hatchling,
already one foot (30 cm) long, is shiny and black
with a white belly. It also has bright yellow or
white stripes.
As soon as theyre born, the hatchlings can flick
their tongues, spread their hoods, and growl.
They have enough venom to kill a human.
In just a few days, the young snakes will be
ready to hunt. Even as newborns, they already
deserve the name king.
A king cobra hatchling pushes
its way out of its shell.
Born to Kill
20 20
While a snakes body keeps growing all
its life, its skin doesnt grow. As the
snake gets bigger, it needs to shed its old skin in
order for new skin to form. A young king cobra
sheds its skin once a month. An adult sheds
three or four times a year.
A hatchling
21 21
Fang Facts
People who are bitten by a king cobra may die within 30
minutes. However, these creatures try to stay away from
humans. Fewer than five people die from king cobra bites
each year.
A medicine called antivenin (an-tee-VEN-uhn) can save
a person who has been bitten by a king cobra. To make
antivenin, a very small amount of the snakes venom is
injected into a large animal, such as a horse. The animal
does not die or get sick. In fact, its body builds up defenses
against the venom. Then a small amount of blood is taken
from the animal. The antivenin is made from this blood.
The medicine can be stored so that it will be ready to
inject into a person who needs it.
The king cobras venom can also be used to make medicine
that can help reduce the pain of people who are sick or
injured.
To get venom from a king cobra, a person holds the snake
by the back of its neck. The person then hooks the snakes
fangs over the side of a glass. The venom drips into the
glass. This is called milking a snake.

A king cobra being milked C

22 22

Glossary
coils
(KOILZ) winds
around and
around in loops
fangs
(FANGZ) long pointy
teeth
hatchling
(HACH-ling) a baby
snake that has just
come out of its egg
prey
(PRAY) animals
that are hunted
and eaten by other
animals
rain forests
(RAYN FOR-ists)
warm places where
many trees grow
and lots of rain falls
sacs
(SAKS) parts of an
animals body that
are shaped like bags
and contain liquid
strike
(STRIKE) to hit
or attack something
venomous
(VEN-uh-mous)
full of poison
23 23
Index
antivenin 22
biting 4, 10, 12, 16, 22
color 67, 20
defense 16, 18, 22
eating 4, 8, 14-15, 18
eggs 1819, 20
enemies 16
eyes 8
fangs 1011, 12, 22
growling 16, 18, 20
habitat 6
hatchlings 2021
hood 67, 12, 16, 18, 20
hunting 4, 6, 8, 10,
1213, 20
length 45, 20
medicine 22
nest 18
prey 4, 10, 1213, 14, 16
rain forests 6
shedding 21
teeth 1415
tongue 4, 8, 12, 20
venom 4, 1011, 12, 16,
20, 22
Read More
Learn More Online
To learn more about king cobras, visit
www.bearportpublishing.com/Fangs
About the Author
Nancy White has written many science and
nature books for children. She lives with her
husband and her cat in New Yorks
Hudson River Valley.
George, Linda. Cobras. Mankato,
MN: Capstone Press (1998).
Johnson, Sylvia A. Cobras. Minneapolis,
MN: Lerner Publications Company (2007).
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