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    As Upperlimb

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    Uma Mouna
    This document describes several important regions, spaces, and canals of the upper limb: 1) It outlines the triangular space, quadrangular space, axillary fossa, deltopectoral groove, cubital fossa, medial bicipital groove, carpal tunnel, Guyon's canal, and anatomical snuff box. 2) For each structure, it provides details on borders, contents, and clinical significance. The triangular space and quadrangular space contain important neurovascular structures. The carpal tunnel and Guyon's canal are sites of compression that can cause syndromes. 3) The various spaces, grooves, and canals house important nerves, vessels, and tendons

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    As Upperlimb

    Uploaded by

    Uma Mouna
    125 views3 pages
    This document describes several important regions, spaces, and canals of the upper limb: 1) It outlines the triangular space, quadrangular space, axillary fossa, deltopectoral groove, cubital fossa, medial bicipital groove, carpal tunnel, Guyon's canal, and anatomical snuff box. 2) For each structure, it provides details on borders, contents, and clinical significance. The triangular space and quadrangular space contain important neurovascular structures. The carpal tunnel and Guyon's canal are sites of compression that can cause syndromes. 3) The various spaces, grooves, and canals house important nerves, vessels, and tendons

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    upper limb muscles

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    This document describes several important regions, spaces, and canals of the upper limb: 1) It outlines the triangular space, quadrangular space, axillary fossa, deltopectoral groove, cubital fossa, medial bicipital groove, carpal tunnel, Guyon's canal, and anatomical snuff box. 2) For each structure, it provides details on borders, contents, and clinical significance. The triangular space and quadrangular space contain important neurovascular structures. The carpal tunnel and Guyon's canal are sites of compression that can cause syndromes. 3) The various spaces, grooves, and canals house important nerves, vessels, and tendons

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    125 views3 pages

    As Upperlimb

    Uploaded by

    Uma Mouna
    This document describes several important regions, spaces, and canals of the upper limb: 1) It outlines the triangular space, quadrangular space, axillary fossa, deltopectoral groove, cubital fossa, medial bicipital groove, carpal tunnel, Guyon's canal, and anatomical snuff box. 2) For each structure, it provides details on borders, contents, and clinical significance. The triangular space and quadrangular space contain important neurovascular structures. The carpal tunnel and Guyon's canal are sites of compression that can cause syndromes. 3) The various spaces, grooves, and canals house important nerves, vessels, and tendons

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Regions / Grooves / Spaces of upper limb

    Edited by : Arvin Shahbazi


    Supervised by : Dr. Altdorfer !roly " Dr. Somogyi Gy#rgy
    Spaces/canals/fossas

    Borders and descriptions
    Contents
    Triangular space
    ( Medial axillary
    hiatus )
    The space borders:
    Superior: Teres minor muscle
    Inferior: Teres major muscle
    Lateral: Long head of triceps muscle
    This space contains circumflex
    scapular artery and vein so
    they pass from axilla to dorsum
    of scapula
    Quadrangular space
    ( Lateral axillary
    hiatus )
    The space borders:
    Superior: Teres minor muscle
    Inferior: Teres major muscle
    Medial: Long head of triceps muscle
    Lateral: Surgical nec of humerus
    This space contains Axillary
    nerve and posterior
    circumflex humeral artery


    !xillary fossa
    It is a pyramidal shaped fossa "hich is
    bordered by:
    !nterior: #ectoralis major muscle
    ( lo"er margin of this muscle maes
    ant.axillary fold) and pectoralis minor
    #osterior: Latissimus dorsi$ Teres major
    muscles ( Latissimus dorsi muscle maes
    post.axillary fold)
    Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
    Lateral: %iceps muscle &
    'oracobrachialis muscle
    This fossa contains Axillary
    artery , Axillary vein ,
    Brachial plexus , Axillary
    lymph nodes and lots of
    adipose tissue
    (eltopectoral groo)e
    ( (eltopectoral triangle)
    It is a triangular region "hich is bordered:
    Lateral: (eltoid muscle
    Medial: #ectoralis major muscle
    Superior: 'la)icle
    (eltopectoral triangle contains
    cephalic vein ( It "ill pierce
    this region to join to axillary
    )ein) and Deltoid branch of
    Thoracoacrominal artery
    * !r)in Shahba+i *
    'ubital fossa
    It is a depression on the anterior surface of
    the elbo" "hich is bordered :
    Superior: ,picondyles of humerus
    Medial: #ronator teres muscle
    Lateral: %rachioradialis muscle
    -loor: %rachialis muscle
    This fossa contains Tendon of
    biceps muscle , Brachial
    artery (hich bifurcates in
    this re!ion and !ives "adial
    and #lnar arteries $, %edian
    nerve, &ateral cutaneus
    nerve of forearm


    Medial bicipital
    groo)e
    This groo)e is located bet"een . structures$
    the %iceps muscle and the Triceps muscle *
    and the intermuscular septum (medial side)/
    This region has ner)es and
    blood )essels of upper limb:
    %edial antebrachial
    cutaneus nerve ( most
    superficial structure ) , Basilic
    vein ( is the structure "hich
    lies under this ner)e ) , #lnar
    nerve ( partly ) and %edian
    nerve run lateral to basilic
    )ein and crosses the Brachial
    artery from lateral to medial/
    In this groo)e brachial artery is
    the deepest structure/


    'arpal canal
    ( 'arpal tunnel )
    ! canal "hich is made by fibrous
    connecti)e tissue and carpal bones$ both
    sides maing carpal eminences:
    - ulnar carpal eminence (pisiform0hoo of
    hamate)
    - radial carpal eminence (tubercle of
    scaphoid0trapesium)/
    1steofibrous canal
    %orders:
    Superior: -lexor retinaculum
    Inferior: carpal bones 0 eminences/
    CLINICALY: compression in this region
    results CARPAL TUNNEL
    SYNDROME.
    This tunnel carries 23 tendons
    from flexors of forearm & one
    ner)e :
    'lexor di!itorum
    superficialis muscle ( has 4
    tendons) $ 'lexor di!itorum
    profondus muscle ( has 4
    tendons) are located in one
    tendon sheat$ %edian nerve/
    'lexor pollicis lon!us muscle
    ( has 2 tendon) located in one
    tendon sheath $ 'lexor carpi
    radialis ( has 2 tendon)
    located in one tendon sheath$
    so all 23 tendons lie in 5
    tendon sheath compartments/
    * !r)in Shahba+i *
    6uyon7s canal
    ( 6uyons tunnel )
    ! canal "hich is made by depression
    bet"een pisiform & hoo of hamate
    inferiorly and co)ered by pisohamate
    ligament & )olar carpal ligament superiorly/
    !lso 6uyon7s canal floor is made by -lexor
    retinaculum/
    (osteofibrous canal)
    CLINICALLY: is significant because it is
    site of compression/
    This tunnel contains #lnar
    artery and #lnar nerve
    ("hich bifurcates inside the
    canal to superficial and deep
    branches)
    !natomical snuff box

    ( Radial !"e!la #
    !r
    ( Ta$a%iere #
    Snuff box is bordered :
    8lnar: ,xtensor pollicis longus
    9adial: #air of parallel tendons of ,xtensor
    pollicis bre)is and !bductor pollicis longus
    -loor : Scaphoid & Trape+oid bones
    N!%e: !natomical snuff box can be seen
    during thumb E&%en'i!n and
    a$duc%i!n.
    'ontents of 9adial fo)eola are:
    "adial artery "hich passes
    from this region and on its
    course maes crossing "ith
    tendons of ,xtensor pollicis
    longus$ ,xtensor pollicis bre)is
    and abductor pollicis longus$
    but radial artery during
    crossing lies (ELO) of all of
    these tendons so finally after
    passing from radial fo)eola
    enters to dorsal region of the
    hand and penetrates the first
    dorsal interosseus muscle and
    later maes (eep palmar arch
    "ith the deep branch of ulnar
    artery/
    Cephalic vein is the other
    content/
    Superficial branch of radial
    nerve can also be found in this
    region/
    * !r)in Shahba+i *

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