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    Radiobiology Basics - Rbe, Oer, Let: Training Course On Radiation Dosimetry

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    The document provides an overview of a training course on radiation dosimetry. It discusses topics like radiobiology basics, culturing mammalian cells, cell death, relative biological effectiveness, the oxygen effect, and how these factors relate to linear energy transfer and are important considerations for using high linear energy transfer radiation for cancer therapy.

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    Radiobiology Basics - Rbe, Oer, Let: Training Course On Radiation Dosimetry

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    OktaMita
    75 views19 pages
    The document provides an overview of a training course on radiation dosimetry. It discusses topics like radiobiology basics, culturing mammalian cells, cell death, relative biological effectiveness, the oxygen effect, and how these factors relate to linear energy transfer and are important considerations for using high linear energy transfer radiation for cancer therapy.

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    Radiobiology

    Original Title

    Radio Biology

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    The document provides an overview of a training course on radiation dosimetry. It discusses topics like radiobiology basics, culturing mammalian cells, cell death, relative biological effectiveness, the oxygen effect, and how these factors relate to linear energy transfer and are important considerations for using high linear energy transfer radiation for cancer therapy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    75 views19 pages

    Radiobiology Basics - Rbe, Oer, Let: Training Course On Radiation Dosimetry

    Uploaded by

    OktaMita
    The document provides an overview of a training course on radiation dosimetry. It discusses topics like radiobiology basics, culturing mammalian cells, cell death, relative biological effectiveness, the oxygen effect, and how these factors relate to linear energy transfer and are important considerations for using high linear energy transfer radiation for cancer therapy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 19

    TRAINING COURSE ON RADIATION

    DOSIMETRY:

    Radiobiology Basics
    RBE, OER, LET

    Anthony WAKER
    University of Ontario Institute of Technology
    Thu. 22/11/2012, 18:30 19:30 pm


    Culturing Mammalian Cells
    tissue trypsin single cell suspension seeding (medium+incubation)
    crisis established
    THREE POPULAR ESTABLISHED CELL-LINES
    HeLa Cells (human cancer cells)

    CHO Cells (Chinese hamster ovary cells)

    V79 Cells (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells)
    CELL DEATH
    For proliferating cells of an established cell-line, death is defined as
    reproductive death when cells no longer have the capacity for
    sustained proliferation and colony formation (clonogenic)

    Cells may lose reproductive capacity through
    Apoptosis
    Giant cell formation
    Death attempting cell division (mitotic death)

    For most cultured cells mitotic death is the dominant mode
    The fate of cells exposed to radiation
    Nias Chapter 6
    The first mammalian cell survival curve
    Nias Chapter 8
    Over the past 50 years many cell lines have been investigated and, apart from their
    practical value for improving the therapeutic use of radiation, the shape of the survival
    curve itself helps our understanding of the mechanisms underlying radiation damage
    Hall Chapter 3
    RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS (RBE)
    FOR CELL SURVIVAL
    RBE is the ratio of
    the absorbed dose
    for a reference
    radiation, usually
    250 kVp X-rays or
    Co-60 gamma rays
    to the absorbed
    dose from a test
    radiation to give the
    same level of effect,
    usually cell survival
    RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS
    (RBE) FOR CELL SURVIVAL
    RBE is an experimentally measured quantity

    For shouldered survival curves RBE increases with deceasing
    dose to a maximum value that depends on the initial slope
    of the reference radiation survival curve

    RBE depends on the biological system used (e.g cell line)

    RBE depends on the end-point investigated (e.g. survival)
    CELL SURVIVAL AND LINEAR ENERGY
    TRANSFER
    Hall Fig. 7.5
    For the same end-point
    RBE for mammalian
    cells (and other
    complex biological
    systems) is generally
    seen to increase with
    increasing ionization
    density (LET)
    CELL SURVIVAL AND LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER
    Hall Fig. 7.6
    Curves labeled 1,2,&3 refer to different levels of survival (0.8,0.1 0.01). For
    mammalian cells RBE is seen to increase and reach a maximum around 100
    keV/m and then subsequently decrease
    CELL SURVIVAL AND LINEAR ENERGY
    TRANSFER
    RBE also depends on cell-type and the ability of the cell to
    repair DNA double strand breaks
    THE OXYGEN EFFECT
    Hall Fig. 6.1
    THE OXYGEN EFFECT HOW MUCH
    OXYGEN IS NEEDED
    Hall Fig. 6.5
    OER AND LET
    The OER decreases with
    increasing LET and at high
    LET (alpha particles ) is 1.0
    i.e no oxygen effect.

    Why?
    Hall Fig. 7.8
    OER AND LET
    Hall Fig. 7.9
    RBE, LET AND OER SUMMARY
    RBE varies according to the tissue or end-point studied. In
    general RBEs are higher for cells or tissues that can
    accumulate and repair sublethal damage (X-ray dose-
    response curve has a broad shoulder)

    For organisms with double-stranded DNA the RBE will
    reach a maximum for radiation of LET around 100
    keV/m, thereafter decreasing with higher LET due to
    energy wastage or overkill

    The oxygen enhancement ratio has a value around 3 for
    low LET radiation, which falls when the LET is around 30
    keV/m and reaches unity (1.0) at an LET of around 200
    keV/m

    OER, RBE AND LET
    Hall Fig. 7.10
    Two good reasons to think about using high
    LET radiation for cancer therapy
    HIGH-LET THERAPY
    Rationale for high-LET therapy
    Increased RBE for cell killing
    Lower OER for dealing with hypoxic tumour cells
    Improved dose distribution for critical tissues

    High LET Modalities
    Fast Neutrons
    Negative pi-mesons
    Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
    Protons
    Carbon ions

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