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    Syria (ISIS : Jama'at Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad Tanzim Qaidat Al-Jihad Fi Bilad Al-Rafidayn

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    The Islamic State (IS) originated as an al-Qaeda affiliated terrorist group in Iraq in 1999 called Jama’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad. It grew in strength during the Iraq War and took control of territory in Iraq and Syria in 2014. ISIS aims to establish a Sunni caliphate across the Muslim world and has been accused of widespread human rights abuses. It has carried out many attacks against civilian and government targets in Iraq and Syria.

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    Syria (ISIS : Jama'at Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad Tanzim Qaidat Al-Jihad Fi Bilad Al-Rafidayn

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    The Islamic State (IS) originated as an al-Qaeda affiliated terrorist group in Iraq in 1999 called Jama’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad. It grew in strength during the Iraq War and took control of territory in Iraq and Syria in 2014. ISIS aims to establish a Sunni caliphate across the Muslim world and has been accused of widespread human rights abuses. It has carried out many attacks against civilian and government targets in Iraq and Syria.

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    The Islamic State (IS) originated as an al-Qaeda affiliated terrorist group in Iraq in 1999 called Jama’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad. It grew in strength during the Iraq War and took control of territory in Iraq and Syria in 2014. ISIS aims to establish a Sunni caliphate across the Muslim world and has been accused of widespread human rights abuses. It has carried out many attacks against civilian and government targets in Iraq and Syria.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    673 views1 page

    Syria (ISIS : Jama'at Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad Tanzim Qaidat Al-Jihad Fi Bilad Al-Rafidayn

    Uploaded by

    ανατολή και πετύχετε
    The Islamic State (IS) originated as an al-Qaeda affiliated terrorist group in Iraq in 1999 called Jama’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad. It grew in strength during the Iraq War and took control of territory in Iraq and Syria in 2014. ISIS aims to establish a Sunni caliphate across the Muslim world and has been accused of widespread human rights abuses. It has carried out many attacks against civilian and government targets in Iraq and Syria.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    The Islamic State (IS; Arabic: ad-Dawlah l-Islmiyyah), previously calling itself

    the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL; /asl/) or the Islamic State of Iraq and
    Syria (ISIS; /ass/; Arabic: ), and also known by the Arabic
    acronym Daesh (),
    [a]
    is an unrecognized state and a Sunni jihadist group active
    in Iraq and Syria in the Middle East. In its self-proclaimed status as a caliphate, it claims religious
    authority over all Muslims across the world
    [67]
    and aspires to bring most of the Muslim-inhabited
    regions of the world under its political control
    [68]
    beginning with territory in the Levant region which
    includes Jordan,Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Cyprus and part of southern Turkey.
    [69]
    It has been
    described by the United Nations and Western and Middle Eastern media as a terrorist group
    [70]
    and
    has been designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the United States, theUnited
    Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. The United Nations and Amnesty
    International have accused the group of grave human rights abuses.
    The Islamic State, also widely known as ISIS, ISIL and Daesh, originated as Jamaat al-Tawhid
    wal-Jihad in 1999. This group was the forerunner of Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn
    commonly known as al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI)a group formed byAbu Musab Al Zarqawi in 2004
    which took part in the Iraqi insurgency against American-led forces and their Iraqi allies following
    the2003 invasion of Iraq.
    [69][71]
    During the 20032011 Iraq War, it joined other Sunni insurgent groups
    to form the Mujahideen Shura Council,
    [not in citation given]
    which consolidated further into the Islamic State
    of Iraq (ISI) (/as/).
    [71]
    shortly afterwards.
    [72]
    At its height it enjoyed a significant presence in the Iraqi
    governorates of Al Anbar, Nineveh, Kirkuk, most of Salah ad Din, parts of Babil, Diyalaand Baghdad,
    and claimed Baqubah as a capital city.
    [73][74][75][76]
    However, the violent attempts by the Islamic State of
    Iraq to govern its territory led to a backlash from Sunni Iraqis and other insurgent groups in around
    2008 which helped to propel the Awakening movement and a temporary decline in the group.
    [71][77]
    ISIS grew significantly under the leadership of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, gaining support in Iraq as a
    result of alleged economic and political discrimination against Iraqi Sunnis. Then, after entering
    the Syrian Civil War, it established a large presence in the Syrian governorates of Ar-
    Raqqah, Idlib, Deir ez-Zor and Aleppo.
    [78]
    In June 2014, it had at least 4,000 fighters in its ranks in
    Iraq.
    [79]
    It has claimed responsibility for attacks on government and military targets and for attacks
    that killed thousands of civilians.
    [80]
    In August 2014, the Syrian Observatory for Human
    Rights claimed that the number of fighters in the group had increased to 50,000 in Syria and 30,000
    in Iraq,
    [18]
    while the CIA estimated in September 2014 that in both countries it had between 20,000
    and 31,500 fighters.
    [20]
    ISIS had close links to al-Qaeda until February 2014 when, after an eight-
    month power struggle, al-Qaeda cut all ties with the group, reportedly for its brutality and "notorious
    intractability".
    [81][82]
    ISISs original aim was to establish a caliphate in the Sunni-majority regions of Iraq, and following its
    involvement in the Syrian Civil War this expanded to include controlling Sunni-majority areas of
    Syria.
    [83]
    A caliphate was proclaimed on 29 June 2014, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadinow known as Amir
    al-Muminin Caliph Ibrahimwas named as its caliph, and the group was renamed the Islamic State.
    [

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