Mechanical Standrad

Western Michigan
University
Physical Plant
Facility Standards
Division 15:
Mechanical
Compiled October 10, 2000
10/16/00 1
SECTION 15000 - GENERAL
GENERAL PROVISIONS
The information presented herein for the Mechanical Section of the University Standards is,
with few exceptions, the Mechanical Specification in its entirety.
It is presented in CSI format to provide guidance to the design professional during customary
design activity for University projects. It is not intended for these standards to be copied and
inserted as design specifications. Design professionals shall prepare the appropriate
specifications applicable to each project.
Consultation with the University is encouraged for clarifications, equipment not included in
standards but that may be required for a specific project, and for general information.
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SECTION 15010 - BASIC MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS
THIS SECTION USES THE TERM "ARCHITECT." CHANGE THIS TERM AS
NECESSARY TO MATCH THE ACTUAL TERM USED TO IDENTIFY
DESIGN PROFESSIONAL AS DEFINED IN THE GENERAL AND
SUPPLEMENTARY CONDITIONS.
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of contract, including general and supplementary
condition and Division I specifications, apply to all Division 15 sections.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes general administrative and procedural requirements for
mechanical installations.
1. Submittals.
2. Coordination drawings.
3. Record documents.
4. Maintenance manuals.
5. Mechanical installations.
B. Related Sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this
section:
1. Division 15 Section "ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT," for factory-installed motors, controllers,
accessories, and connections.
2. Division 15 Section "BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND
METHODS," for materials and methods common to the remainder of
Division 15,
1.3 CODES AND STANDARDS
A. Code Compliance: Comply with all applicable codes pertaining to product
materials and installations and any codes and standards referred to within individual
spec sections.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Product Data - 3 copies required
15010 - BASIC MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS
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Shop Drawings - 3 copies required
Samples - as requested
B. Additional copies may be required by individual sections of these Specifications.
1.5 COORDINATION DRAWINGS
A. Normally not required; Discretion of Design Professional.
1.6 RECORD DOCUMENTS
A. Provide one, reproducible set and electronic copy of "as-built" drawings.
1.7 MAINTENANCE MANUALS
A. Provide 3 copies of maintenance manuals. Include the following
information:
1. Description of function, normal operating characteristics and limitations,
performance curves, engineering data and tests, and complete nomenclature
and commercial numbers of replacement parts.
2. Manufacturer's printed operating procedures to include start-up, break-in,
and routine and normal operating instructions; regulation, control, stopping,
shutdown, and emergency instructions; and summer and winter operating
instructions.
3. Maintenance procedures and recommended frequencies for routine
preventive maintenance and troubleshooting; disassembly, repair, and
reassemble; aligning and adjusting instructions.
4. Servicing instructions and lubrication charts and schedules.
1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Deliver products to the project properly identified with names, model numbers,
types, grades, compliance labels, and other information needed for identification.
1.9 WARRANTIES
A. Provide three copies. Separate of all warranties/guarantees in maintenance
manuals.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS (NOT APPLICABLE)
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 MECHANICAL INSTALLATIONS
15010 BASIC MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS
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A. General
1. Coordinate mechanical systems, equipment, and materials installation with
other building components.
2. Verify all dimensions including field measurements, if necessary.
3. Arrange for chases, slots, and openings in other building components, to
allow for mechanical installations.
4. Coordinate the locations of required supporting devices and sleeves to be set
in poured-in-place concrete and other structural components.
5. Provide maximum headroom wherever possible.
6. Coordinate connection of mechanical systems with exterior underground
and overhead utilities and services. Comply with requirements of governing
regulations, franchised service companies, and controlling agencies.
Provide required connection for each service.
7. Install systems, materials, and equipment to conform with approved
submittal data, and arrangements shown on documents, to greatest extent
possible.
8. Systems, materials, and equipment to be level and plumb, parallel and
perpendicular to other building systems and components,
9. Install mechanical equipment to facilitate servicing, maintenance, and repair
or replacement of equipment components. Extend grease fittings to an
accessible location.
10. Provide access panel or doors where units are concealed behind finished
surfaces. Access doors shall be required for service of any concealed device
such as fire dampers, valves, VAV boxes, fans, controls, and coils. As much
as practical, locate these devices in readily accessible locations.
11. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawings (plans, schematics, and diagrams) to
indicate general location and arrangement of the systems in a diagrammatic form only, unless otherwise needed. So far as practical, install sy
END OF SECTION 15010
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SECTION 15030 - ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS:
A. Related Sections: Separate electrical components and materials required for field
installation and electrical connections are specified in Division 16.
1.2 SUMMARY:
A.This section specifies the basic requirements for electrical components which are an
integral part of packaged mechanical equipment. These components include, but
are not limited to factory installed motors, starters, and disconnect switches
furnished as an integral part of packaged mechanical equipment. This section
specifies the basic requirements for electrical components for all mechanical
equipment. These components include, but are not limited to, motors, starters and
contactors. Furnish all motors, starters, and contactors as required for proper operation
of mechanical equipment. Electrical components that are an integral part of packaged
mechanical equipment shall be factory installed and wired.
B. Specific electrical requirements (i.e. horsepower and electrical characteristics) for
mechanical equipment are specified within the individual equipment specification
sections and/ or scheduled on the drawings.
1.3 REFERENCES:
A. NEMA Standards MG 1: Motors and Generators
B. NEMA Standard ICS 2: Industrial Control Devices, Controllers, and Assemblies.
C. NEMA Standard 250: Enclosures for Electrical Equipment
D. NEMA Standard KS 1: Enclosed Switches
E. Comply with National Electrical Code (NFPA 70).
F. NRTL Listing: Provide NRTL motors.
1.4 SUBMITTALS:
15030 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
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A. No separate submittal is required. Submit product data for motors, starters, and
other electrical components with submittal data required for the equipment for
which it serves, as required by the individual equipment specification sections.
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE:
A. Electrical components and materials shall be UL labeled.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MOTORS:
A. The following are basic requirements for common motors. For special motors,
more detailed and specific requirements are specified in the individual equipment
specifications.
1. Torque characteristics shall be sufficient to satisfactorily accelerate the
driven loads.
2. Motor sizes shall be large enough so that the driven load will not require the
motor to operate in the service factor range.
3. 2-speed motors shall have 2 separate windings on poly-phase motors.
4. Temperature Rating: Rated for 40 deg. C environment with maximum 50
deg. C temperature rise for continuous duty at full load (Class A Insulation).
5. Starting capability: frequency of starts as indicated by automatic control
system, and not less than 5 evenly time spaced starts per hour for manually
controlled motors.
6. Service Factor: 1.15 for poly-phase motors and 1.35 for single phase
motors.
7. Motor construction: NEMA Standard MG 1, general purpose, continuous
duty, Design "B", except "C" where required for high starting torque.
a. Frames: NEMA Standard No. 48 or 54; use driven equipment
manufacturer's standards to suit specific application.
b. Bearings:
1) ball or roller bearings with inner and outer shaft seals;
2) re-greasable, except permanently sealed where motor is
normally inaccessible for regular maintenance;
3) designed to resist thrust loading where belt drives or other drives
produce lateral or axial thrust in motor;
4) for fractional horsepower, light duty motors, sleeve type
bearings are permitted.
c. Enclosure Type:
1) open drip-proof motors for indoor use where satisfactorily
housed or remotely located during operation;
2) guarded drip-proof motors where exposed to contact by
employees or building occupants;
15030 - ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
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3) weather protected Type I for outdoor use, Type II where not
housed;
4) totally enclosed fan cooled (TEFC) where motor is in the air
stream;
d. Overload protection: built-in thermal overload protection and, where
indicated, internal sensing device suitable for signaling and stopping
motor at starter.
e. Noise rating: "Quiet"
f. Noise rating: "Quiet" rating on motors located in occupied spaces of
building.
g. Efficiency: "Energy Efficient" motors shall have a minimum
efficiency as scheduled in accordance with IEEE Standard 112, test
method B. If efficiency not specified, motors shall have a higher
efficiency than "average standard industry motors", in accordance with
IEEE Standard 112, test method B.
h. Nameplate: Indicate the full identification of manufacturer, ratings,
characteristics, construction, special features and similar information.
8. Variable speed motors for use with Solid State Drives: Energy Efficient
squirrel-cage induction type, Design 2 unit with ratings and features
coordinated with and approved by drive manufacturer.
2.2 STARTERS, DISCONNECT SWITCHES AND WIRING
A. Refer to Division 16.

PART 3 - EXECUTION (Not Applicable)
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SECTION 15050 - BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND
METHODS
THIS SECTION USES THE TERM "ARCHITECT." CHANGE THIS TERM AS NECESSARY TO MATCH
THE ACTUAL TERM USED TO IDENTIFY DESIGN PROFESSIONAL AS DEFINED IN THE GENERAL
AND SUPPLEMENTARY CONDITIONS.
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes limited scope general construction materials and methods for
application with mechanical installations as follows:
1. Mechanical equipment nameplate data.
2. Selective demolition including:
a. Nondestructive removal of materials and equipment for reuse or
salvage as indicated.
b. Dismantling mechanical materials and equipment made obsolete by
these installations.
3. Excavation for underground utilities and services, including underground
piping (under the building and from building to utility connection), tanks,
basins, and equipment.
4. Miscellaneous metals for support of mechanical materials and equipment.
5. Wood grounds, nailers, blocking, fasteners, and anchorage for support of
mechanical materials and equipment.
6. Joint sealers for sealing around mechanical materials and equipment; and for
sealing penetrations in fire and smoke barriers, floors, and foundation walls.
7. Access panels and doors in walls, ceilings, and floors for access to
mechanical materials and equipment.
B. Requirements specified in Division 15 section Basic Mechanical
Requirements apply to this section.
1.2 DEFINITIONS
A. The following definitions apply to excavation operations:
1. Additional Excavation: Where excavation has reached required subgrade
elevations, if unsuitable bearing materials are encountered, continue
excavation until suitable bearing materials are reached. The Contract Sum
may be adjusted by an appropriate Contract Modification.
2. Subbase: as used in this Section refers to the compacted soil layer used in
pavement systems between the subgrade and the pavement base course
material.
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3. Subgrade: as used in this Section refers to the compacted soil immediately
below the slab or pavement system.
4. Unauthorized excavation consists of removal of materials beyond indicated
subgrade elevations or dimensions without specific direction from the owner
and design professional.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data for the following products:
1. Access panels and doors.
2. Joint sealers.
B. Shop drawings detailing fabrication and installation for metal fabrications, and
wood supports and anchorage for mechanical materials and equipment, if identified
as required.
C. Coordination drawings for access panel and door locations in accordance with
Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Requirements", if identified as required.
D. Samples of joint sealer, consisting of strips of actual products showing full range of
colors available for each product.
F. Schedules indicating proposed methods and sequence of operations for selective
demolition prior to commencement of Work. Include coordination for shut-off
utility services and details for dust and noise control.
1. Coordinate sequencing with construction phasing and Owner.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced Installer for the installation and
application joint sealers, access panels, and doors.
B. Qualify welding processes and welding operators in accordance with AWS D1.1
"Structural Welding Code - Steel."
1. Certify that each welder has satisfactorily passed AWS qualification tests
for welding processes involved and, if pertinent, has undergone
recertification. Records shall be maintained by contractor and available for
review.
C. Fire-Resistance Ratings: Where a fire-resistance classification is indicated, provide
access door assembly with panel door, frame, hinge, and latch from manufacturer
listed in the UL "Building Materials Directory" for rating shown.
1. Provide UL Label on each fire-rated access door.
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A. Deliver joint sealer materials in original unopened containers or bundles with labels
informing about manufacturer, product name and designation, color, expiration
period for use, pot life, curing time, and mixing instructions for multi-component
materials.
B. Store and handle joint sealer materials in compliance with the manufacturers'
recommendations to prevent their deterioration and damage.
1.6 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Conditions Affecting Selective Demolition: The following project conditions
apply:
1. Protect adjacent materials indicated to remain. Install and maintain dust and
noise barriers to keep dirt, dust, and noise from being transmitted to adjacent
areas. Remove protection and barriers after demolition operations are
complete.
2. Locate, identify, and protect mechanical services passing through
demolition area and serving other areas outside the demolition limits.
Maintain services to areas outside demolition limits. When services must be
interrupted, install temporary services for affected areas.
B. Conditions Affecting Excavations: The following project conditions apply:
1. Maintain and protect existing building services which transit the area
affected by selective demolition.
2. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from
damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and
other hazards created by excavation operations.
3. Existing Utilities: Locate existing underground utilities in excavation areas.
If utilities are indicated to remain, support and protect services during
excavation operations.
4. Remove existing underground utilities indicated to be removed.
a. Uncharted or Incorrectly Charted Utilities: Contact utility owner
immediately for instructions.
b. Provide temporary utility services to affected areas. Provide minimum
of 48-hour notice to owner prior to utility interruption.
5. Use of explosives is not permitted.
C. Environmental Conditions: Apply joint sealers under temperature and humidity
conditions within the limits permitted by the joint sealer manufacturer. Do not
apply joint sealers to wet substrates.
1.8 SEQUENCE AND SCHEDULING
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A. Coordinate the shut-off and disconnection of utility services with the Owner and the
utility company.
B. Notify the owner at least 5 days prior to commencing demolition operations.
C. Perform demolition in phases as determined in conjunction with owner.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT NAMEPLATE DATA
A. Nameplate: For each piece of power operated mechanical equipment, provide a
permanent operational data nameplate indicating manufacturer, product name,
model number, serial number, capacity, operating and power characteristics, labels
of tested compliances, and similar essential data. Locate nameplates in an
2.2 SOIL MATERIALS
A. See division 5.
2.3 MISCELLANEOUS METALS
A. Steel plates, shapes, bars, and bar grating: ASTM A 36.
B. Cold-Formed Steel Tubing: ASTM A 500.
C. Hot-Rolled Steel Tubing: ASTM A 501.
D. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53, Schedule 40, welded.
E. Nonshrink, Nonmetallic Grout: Premixed, factory-packaged, nonstaining,
noncorrosive, nongaseous grout, recommended for interior and exterior
applications.
F. Fasteners: Zinc-coated, type, grade, and class as required.
2.4 MISCELLANEOUS LUMBER
A. See Division 6.
B. Construction Panels: Plywood panels; APA C-D PLUGGED INT, with exterior
glue; thickness as indicated, or if not indicated, not less than 15/32 inches.
2.5 JOINT SEALERS
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A. Refer to Section 07900.
2.6 ACCESS DOORS
A. Refer to section 08305.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine substrates, areas, and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance
with requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting
installation and application of joint sealers and access panels. Do not proceed with
installation until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 PREPARATION FOR JOINT SEALERS
A. Refer to 07900.
3.3 SELECTIVE DEMOLITION
A. General: Demolish, remove, demount, and disconnect abandoned mechanical
materials and equipment indicated to be removed and not indicated to be salvaged
or saved.
B. Materials and Equipment To Be Salvaged: Remove, demount, and disconnect
existing mechanical materials and equipment indicated to be removed and salvaged,
and deliver materials and equipment to the location designated for storage.
C. Disposal and Cleanup: Remove from the site and legally dispose of demolished
materials and equipment not indicated to be salvaged.
D. Mechanical Materials and Equipment: Demolish, remove, demount, and disconnect
the following items:
1. Inactive and obsolete piping, fittings and specialties, equipment, ductwork,
controls, fixtures, and insulation.
a. Piping and ducts embedded in floors, walls, and ceilings may remain if
such materials do not interfere with new installations. Remove
materials above accessible ceilings. Drain and cap piping and ducts
allowed to remain.
2. Perform cutting and patching required for demolition in accordance with
Division 1 Section "Cutting and Patching."
3.4 EXCAVATION
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3.5 ERECTION OF METAL SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGE
3.6 ERECTION OF WOOD SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGE
3.7 APPLICATION OF JOINT SEALERS
A. Refer to Section 08305
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SECTION 15055 BASIC PIPING MATERIAL AND
METHODS
PART 1 GENERAL
DESIGN GUIDELINES
Piping shall be run parallel or at right angel to walls in the most direct and straight manner possible. All piping
shall be properly graded.
Piping shall not project beyond walls or steel lines nor shall it hang below slabs more than is absolutely
necessary. Particular attention shall be paid to the required clearances.
Offset piping where required to avoid interferance with other work, to provide greater headroom or clearance,
or to conceal pipe more readily. Offsets shall be properly drained or trapped where necessary.
Provide swing joints and expansion bends wherever required to allow the piping to expand without undue stress
to connections or equipment.
All piping in finished rooms shall be run concealed.
Exposed piping around fixtures or in other conspicuous places shall not show tool marks nor threads at fittings.
Isolate pipe from the building construction to prevent transmission of vibration to the structure and to eliminate
noise.
Install piping such that any equipment connected to piping may be removed by disconnecting two (2) flanges
or unions and removing only one or two pipe sections. All equipment shall have bolted or screwed flanges or
unions at pipe connections.
Unions or flanges shall be used at all final connections preceded by valve; at all connections ot fixtures, pumps,
and equipment; and at control valves.
Unions shall be used in preference to couplings where their use will facilitate dismantling the pipe for
maintenance.
Eccentric reducing couplings shall be provided in all cases where air or water pockets would otherwise occur
due to a reduction in pipe size.
Eccentric couplings shall make the pipe flush on the bottom for steam lines and flush on the top for water lines.
Grooved pipe is not used except for larger size potable water supply and fire protection.
Weld pipe ends need to be properly beveled to permit butt-welding.
Provide dielectric unions when connecting copper pipe to different metals.
Provide strainers ahead of control valves and pressure regulating valves except for fin tube and convectors.
Provide blow down valves on strainers.
Install low point drains and high point vents in, mains, risers and branch lines. Automatic vents are not to be
used except at expansion tanks. Provide a tee fitting with nipple, bell valve and capped hose connection.
15055 BASIC PIPING MATERIAL AND METHODS
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Utilize steel pipe sleeves wherever pipes pass through building construction.
Below grade wells and slabs on grades need to have the spare between the sleeve and pipe sealed watertight.
Pipes passing through above grade slabs and walls shall need to be sealed with non-switching, non-asbestos,
non-combustible material.
Use well neck type flanges and install true and perpendicular to axis of pipe.
Use long sweep elbows whenever possible, mitred elbows not acceptable.
PERORMANCE STANDARDS
All welding to conform to ASME welding code and standard ANSI B 31.1.
Welder certification not normally required unless working on high pressure applications (greater than 100psi).
Welders must have experience in the type of work being done and if not competent can be dismissed in opinion
of design professional or owner.
Gaskets for Flanged Feces shall be raised face for steel and full face for cast iron. Use semi metallic gaskets
and replace whenever joint is broken.
Use threaded connections for steel pipe 2 and smaller; welded for 2 and larger.
Install flanges in piping 2 and larger when connecting to valves and equipment.
For copper tube and fitting braze joints in accordance with ANSI B 31.1 and ANSI B 9.1 as applicable.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Steel Piping Black, welded and seamless carbon steel with schedule appropiate for service ASTM A-53 for 2
and larger.
Galvanized Piping hot dipped inside and out in accordance with ASTM B-6 using 2 ounces of zinc per square
foot.
Threaded Fittings: malleable iron, black or galvanized as required for service. Malleable iron to conform to
ASTM A 197. Malleable iron fittings to conform to ANSI B 16.3, 150lb rating.
Unions: brass to iron, ground joint seat, class 150.
Welding Fittings: 150lb rating conforming to ASTM 234 , Grade WPB forged steel with standard manufacturer
trade marks, Last code, grade, ect.; dimensions to conform to ANSI B 16.9.
Welding Flanges: 150lb rating, ASTM A181, Grade 1 steel with dimensions conforming to ANSI 16.5.
Copper Pipe and Fitting: hard drawn, type cork pipe to conform to ASTM B88. Fitting to be soldered joint,
wrought copper conforming to ANSI B16.22.
Solder: 985/5 tin-copper , lead free suitable for operating temp of 300 F conforming to ASTM B-32.
Gaskets: 900lb some metallic, 1/16 inch minimum thickness.
Strainers: full line size, cast iron body for threaded and flanged connections, schedule 40 steel body for welded
connections, 125lb rating, threaded or bolted screen retainer, stainless steel strainer with 3/64 inch perforations.
15055 BASIC PIPING MATERIAL AND METHODS
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Sleeve Seals: Interlocking synthetic rubber links connected with bolts and pressure plates to create water tight
seal.
ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS
Mechanical Sleeve Seals: Thunderline Corp. Link Seal
Strainers: Armstrong, Watts, Metraflex, Hoffman ITT
3. Dielectric Unions: Eclipse Inc., Perfection Co., Watts
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SECTION 15100 VALVES
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 DESIGN GUIDELINES
1. Install valves at all service connections, branch lines and risers.
2. Use ball and butterfly valves for hydronic and water service; use gate and globe valve for steam and
condensate service only.
3. Provide extended stems where installation is required.
4. Provide valve and unions on each fixture and piece of equipment to allow removal without system shut
down; unions not required for flanged connections.
5. Operators: Handwheels fastened to stem for valves other than quarter turn lever handles on quarter
turn valves up, not including, 6 inch Gear operators on quarter turn valves 6 inch and larger.
6. Valve Ends: for copper tube size 2 inch and smaller soldered for steel pipe 2 inch and smaller
threaded for steel pipe 2 inch and larger flanged.
7. Applications: use butterfly, ball and gate valves for shutoff; ball or globe for throttling; butterfly
valves may be used for balancing downstream of flow measuring devices.
8. Install swing check valves in proper direction of flow, horizontal with hinge pin level.
1.2 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. Valve stem packing to be suitable for intended service and tight under conditions of actual service.
2. Gate valve to have rising stem or rising outside screw and yoke stems.
3. End Connections: threads: comply with ANSI B1.20 1. Flanges: comply with ANSI B16.1 for cast
iron; ANSI B16.5 for steel.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
1. Gate Valves - 2 inch and smaller: ASTM B62, class 125 body, bonnet and union ring with threaded
ends, solid disc, copper silicon stem and malleable iron handwheel.
2. Gate Valves 2 inch and larger: ASTM A126, class 125 cast iron body, bolted bonnet, OS&Y
solid wedge disc, bronze trim with flanged ends.
3. Ball Valves 2 inch and smaller: ASTM B62, 400psi WOG pressure, bronze body, full port, stainless
steel ball, replaceable TFE seats and seal, blowout proof stem and vinyl covered handle.
4. Butterfly Valves 2 inch and larger: 200 psi WOG ductile iron bodies, lug style, bronze disc,
EPDM seats, stainless steel stem.
15100 VALVES
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5. Globe Valves 2 inch and smaller: ASTM B62, class 150 bronze body, copper-nickel alloy disc,
teflon impregnated packing, copper-silicon alloy stem and malleable iron wheel.
6. Globe Valves 2 and larger: ASTM A126, class 125 iron body, bronze disc, teflon impregnated
packing, copper-silicon alloy stem.
7. Swing Check Valves 2 inch and smaller: ASTM B61, class 150 bronze body, disc and cap, y pattern
with threaded ends.
8. Swing Check Valves 2 and larger: ASTM A126, class 125 cast iron body and cap, renewable
bronze disc and seat rings, flanged ends.
9. Vertical Check Valve on pump discharge
2.2 ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS
1. Gate, Globe and Swing Check Valves: Grinnell, Stockham, Jenkins
2. Ball Valves: Hammond, Powell, Grinnell
3. Butterfly Valves: Lunkenheimer, Grinnell, Jenkins
4. Vertical Check Valve:
5. Packing: Crane, Garlock, or equal
10/16/2000
SECTION 15125 - PIPE EXPANSION JOINTS
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Requirements of the following Division 15 Sections apply to this section:
1. "Basic Mechanical Requirements."
2. "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods."
3. "Basic Piping Materials and Methods."
B. This Section includes the following:
1. Packless expansion joints and compensators.
C. Related Sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this
section:
1. Division 15 Section "Supports and Anchors" for pipe alignment guides and
anchors.
2. Division 15 Section "Vibration Control" for flexible pipe connectors.
1.2 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Submit the following:
1. Product data, three copies required, for each type of pipe expansion joint
specified. Submit expansion compensation schedule showing
Manufacturer's figure number, size, location, and features for each required
expansion joint.
2. Assembly-type shop drawings, three copies required, for each type of
expansion compensation product, indicating dimensions, weights, required
clearances, and methods of assembly of components.
3. Maintenance data for expansion joints for inclusion in Operating and
Maintenance.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one
of the following:
1. Packless Expansion Compensators:
15125 PIPE EXPANSION JOINTS
10/16/00 20
a. Flexonics Inc., Metal Hose and Expansion Joint Div.
b. Keflex HVAC Products, Flex-Weld, Inc.
c. Metraflex Co.
2. Packless Rubber Expansion Joints:
a. Keflex HVAC Products Div., Flex-Weld, Inc.
b. Mason Industries, Inc.
c. Metraflex Co.
2.2 PIPE EXPANSION JOINTS, GENERAL
A. Pipe expansion joints shall provide 200 percent absorption capacity of piping
expansion between anchors.
2.3 PACKLESS EXPANSION JOINTS
A. Expansion Compensators: Conform to the standards of the Expansion Joint
Manufacturers Association and shall be pressure rated for 60 psi for low-pressure
systems and for 175 psi for high-pressure systems. Units shall have 2-ply phosphor
bronze bellows, brass shrouds, and end fittings for copper piping systems and 2-ply
stainless steel bellows, carbon steel shrouds, and end fittings for steel piping
systems. Expansion compensators shall have internal guides and antitorque device
and removable end clip for proper positioning.
B. Rubber Expansion Joints: Fabric-reinforced butyl rubber with full-faced integral
flanges, external control rods and shall be internally reinforced with steel retaining
rings over entire surface of flanges, drilled to match flange bolt holes.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION, GENERAL
A. Install expansion joints and expansion loops where indicated and required for
adequate expansion of installed piping system. Utilize expansion loops whenever
possible, reserving use of expansion joints to areas of united space.
3.2 EXPANSION JOINTS
A. Install expansion joints in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
B. Align joints to avoid end loading and torsional stress.
3.3 EXPANSION COMPENSATION FOR RISERS AND TERMINALS
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A. Install connection between piping mains and risers with at least 5 pipe fittings
including tee in main. Install connections between piping risers and terminal units
with at least 4 pipe fittings including tee in riser.
3.4 EXPANSION LOOPS
A. Fabricate expansion loops to dimensions indicated and subject loop to cold spring
tension or compression necessary to absorb 50 percent of the total compression or
tension during anticipated change in temperature.
10/16/2000 22
DRAFT
SECTION 15135 - METERS AND GAGES
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following types of meters and gages:
1. Temperature gages and fittings.
2. Pressure gages and fittings.
3. Flow meters.
B. Meters and gages furnished as part of factory-fabricated equipment are specified as
part of equipment assembly in other Division 15 sections.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
1. Product data, three copies required, for each type of meter and gage.
Include scale range, ratings, and calibrated performance curves, certified
where indicated. Submit meter and gage schedule showing manufacturer's
figure number, scale range, location, and accessories for each meter and
gage.
2. Product certificates signed by manufacturers of meters and gages certifying
accuracies under specified operating conditions and products' compliance
with specified requirements.
3. Maintenance data for each type of meter and gage for inclusion in Operating
and Maintenance Manuals Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical
Requirements."
A. UL Compliance: Comply with applicable UL standards pertaining to meters and
gages.
15135 METERS AND GAGES
10/16/00 23
B. ASME and ISA Compliance: Comply with applicable portions of ASME and
Instrument Society of America (ISA) standards pertaining to construction and
installation of meters and gages.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
DELETE OR ADD TYPES OF METERS AND GAGES BELOW TO FULFILL ACTUAL
PROJECT REQUIREMENTS.
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Bimetal Dial Thermometers:
a. Ashcroft Dresser Industries\Instrument Div.
b. Trerice (H.O.) Co.
2. Thermometer Wells: Same as for thermometers.
3. Pressure Gages:
a. Ashcroft Dresser Industries\Instrument Div.
b. Trerice (H.O.) Co.
4. Pressure Gage Accessories: Same as for pressure gages.
5. Venturi-Type Flow Measurement System:
a. Gerand Engineering Co.
2.2 THERMOMETERS, GENERAL
A. Accuracy: Plus or minus 1 percent of range span or plus or minus one scale
division to maximum of 1.5 percent of range span.
B. Scale range: Temperature ranges for services listed as follows:
1. Domestic Hot Water: 30 to 240 deg with 2-degree scale divisions (0 to 115
deg C with 1-degree scale divisions).
2. Domestic Cold Water: 0 to 100 deg F with 2-degree scale divisions (minus
18 to 38 deg C with 1-degree scale divisions).
3. Hot Water: 30 to 300 deg with 2-degree scale divisions (0 to 150 deg C
with 1-degree scale divisions).
4. Condensed Water: 0 to 160 deg F with 2-degree scale divisions (minus 18
to 70 deg C with 1-degree scale divisions).
5. Chilled Water: 0 to 100 deg F with 2-degree scale divisions (minus 18 to 38
deg C with 1-degree scale divisions).
6. Steam and Condensate: 50 to 400 deg F with 2-degree scale divisions (10 to
205 deg C with 1-degree scale divisions).
10/16/00 24
2.3 BIMETAL DIAL THERMOMETERS
A. Type: Direct mounted, bimetal, universal angle.
B. Case: Stainless steel, glass lens, 5-inch diameter.
C. Adjustable Joint: Finish to match case, 180-degree adjustment in vertical plane,
360-degree adjustment in horizontal plane, with locking device.
D. Element: Bimetal coil.
E. Scale: Satin faced, nonreflective aluminum, permanently etched marking.
F. Stem: Stainless steel for separable socket, length to suit installation.
2.4 THERMOMETER WELLS
A. Thermometer Wells: Brass or stainless steel, pressure rated to match piping system
design pressure; with 2-inch extension for insulated piping and threaded cap nut
with chain permanently fastened to well and cap.
2.5 PRESSURE GAGES
A. Type: General use, ASME B40.1, Grade A, phosphor bronze bourdon-tube type,
bottom connection.
B. Case: Drawn steel or brass, glass lens, 4-1/2-inches diameter.
C. Connector: Brass, 1/4-inch NPS.
D. Scale: White coated aluminum, with permanently etched markings.
E. Accuracy: Plus or minus 1 percent of range span.
F. Range: Conform to the following:
1. Vacuum: 30 inches Hg to 15 psi.
2. All fluids: 2 times operating pressure.
2.6 PRESSURE GAGE ACCESSORIES
A. Syphon: 1/4-inch NPS straight coil constructed of brass tubing with threads on
each end.
B. Snubber: 1/4-inch NPS brass bushing with corrosion-resistant porous metal disc.
Disc material shall be suitable for fluid served and rated pressure.
10/16/00 25
2.7 FLOW METERS, GENERAL
A. Flow rate of elements and meters shall be same as connected equipment or system.
2.8 VENTURI-TYPE FLOW ELEMENTS
A. Type: Differential-pressure venturi type, designed for installation in piping.
B. Construction: Bronze or cadmium-plated steel with brass fittings and attached tag
with flow conversion data. Ends shall be threaded for 2 inches and smaller
elements and flanged or welded for 2-1/2 inches and larger elements.
C. Flow Meter: Direct Reading 6 diameter meter. Scale to be in GPM appropriate for
specific venturi.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 THERMOMETERS INSTALLATION
A. Install thermometers in vertical and tilted positions to allow reading by observer
standing on floor.
B. Install in the following locations and elsewhere as indicated:
1. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic zone.
2. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic boiler and chiller.
3. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic coil in air-handling units and built-up
central systems.
4. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic heat exchanger.
5. At inlet and outlet of each hydronic heat recovery unit.
6. At inlet and outlet of each thermal storage tank.
C. Thermometer Wells: Install in piping tee where thermometers are indicated, in
vertical position. Fill well with oil or graphite and secure cap.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE GAGES
A. Install pressure gages in piping tee with pressure gage valve, located on pipe at
most readable position.
B. Install in the following locations, and elsewhere as indicated:
1. At suction and discharge of each pump.
2. At discharge of each pressure-reducing valve.
3. At building water service entrance.
4. At chilled water and condenser water inlets and outlets of chillers.
10/16/00 26
5. At inlets and outlets of hydronic coils.
C. Pressure Gage Ball Valves: Install in piping tee with snubber. Install syphon in
lieu of snubber for steam pressure gages.
3.3 INSTALLATION OF FLOW-MEASURING ELEMENTS AND METERS
A. General: Install flow meters for piping systems located in accessible locations at
most readable position.
B. Locations: Install flow measuring elements and meters in the following locations
and elsewhere as indicated.
1. At discharge of each pump.
2. At inlet of each hydronic coil in built-up central systems.
C. Differential-Pressure-Type Flow Elements: Install minimum straight lengths of
pipe upstream and downstream from element as prescribed by the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
D. Install connections for attachment to portable flow meters in a readily accessible
location.
E. Meters For Use With Flow Elements: Install meters on wall or bracket in
F. Install connections, tubing, and accessories between flow elements and meters as
prescribed by the manufacturer's installation instructions.
3.5 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING
A. Adjusting: Adjust faces of meters and gages to proper angle for best visibility.
B. Cleaning: Clean windows of meters and gages and factory-finished surfaces.
Replace cracked and broken windows, and repair scratched and marred surfaces
with manufacturer's touch-up paint.
3.6 CONNECTIONS
A. Piping installation requirements are specified in other sections of Division 15. The
drawings indicate the general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties. The
following are specific connection requirements:
1. Install meters and gages piping adjacent to machine to allow servicing and
maintaining of machine.
10/16/00 27
10/16/2000 28
SECTION 15140 - SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This section includes the following:
1. Horizontal-piping hangers and supports.
2. Vertical-piping clamps.
3. Hanger-rod attachments.
4. Building attachments.
5. Saddles and shields.
6. Spring hangers and supports.
7. Miscellaneous materials.
8. Pipe alignment guides.
9. Anchors.
10. Equipment supports.
B. Related sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this
section:
1. Division 15 Section "Pipe Expansion Joints" for expansion joints and
expansion loops.
2. Division 15 Section "Vibration Control" for vibration-isolation hangers and
supports.
3. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Insulation" for pipe insulation.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Terminology used in this section is defined in MSS SP-90.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Submit the following, three copies required:
15140 SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS
10/16/00 29
1. Product data, including installation instructions for each type of support and
anchor. Submit pipe hanger and support schedule showing Manufacturer's
figure number, size, location, and features for each required pipe hanger and
support.
2. Product certificates signed by the manufacturer of hangers and supports
certifying that their products meet the specified requirements.
A. Qualify welding processes and welding operators in accordance with AWS D1.1
"Structural Welding Code - Steel."
1. Certify that each welder has satisfactorily passed AWS qualification tests
for welding processes involved and, if pertinent, has undergone
recertification.
B. Qualify welding processes and welding operators in accordance with ASME "Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code," Section IX, "Welding and Brazing Qualifications."
C. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with applicable plumbing codes pertaining to
product materials and installation of supports and anchors.
D. NFPA Compliance: Hangers and supports shall comply with NFPA standard No.
13 when used as a component of a fire protection system.
E. UL and FM Compliance: Hangers, supports, and components shall be listed and
labeled by UL and FM where used for fire protection piping systems.
F. Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory and NEMA Compliance (NRTL):
Hangers, supports, and components shall be listed and labeled by a NRTL where
used for fire protection piping systems. The term "NRTL" shall be as defined in
OSHA Regulation 1910.7.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURED UNITS
A. Hangers and support components shall be factory fabricated of materials, design,
and manufacturer complying with MSS SP-58.
1. Components shall have galvanized coatings where installed for piping and
equipment that will not have field-applied finish.
2. Pipe attachments shall have nonmetallic coating for electrolytic protection
where attachments are in direct contact with copper tubing.
B. Thermal Hanger Shield Inserts: 100-psi average compressive strength,
waterproofed calcium silicate, encased with a sheet metal shield. Insert and shield
10/16/00 30
shall cover entire circumference of the pipe and shall be of length indicated by
manufacturer for pipe size and thickness of insulation.
2.2 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
A. Steel Plates, Shapes, and Bars: ASTM A 36.
B. Cement Grout: Portland cement (ASTM C 150, Type I or Type III) and clean
uniformly graded, natural sand (ASTM C 404, Size No. 2). Mix ratio shall be 1.0
part cement to 3.0 parts sand, by volume, with minimum amount of water required
for placement and hydration.
C. Pipe Alignment Guides: Factory fabricated, of cast semisteel or heavy fabricated
steel, consisting of bolted two-section outer cylinder and base with two-section
guiding spider that bolts tightly to pipe. Length of guides shall be as recommended
by manufacturer to allow indicated travel.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine substrates and conditions under which supports and anchors are to be
installed. Do not proceed with installing until unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF HANGERS AND SUPPORTS
A. General: Install hangers, supports, clamps and attachments to support piping
properly from building structure; comply with MSS SP-69 and SP-89. Arrange for
grouping of parallel runs of horizontal piping supported together on field-fabricated,
heavy-duty trapeze hangers where possible. Install supports with maximum spacing
complying with MSS SP-69. Where piping of various sizes is supported together
by trapeze hangers, space hangers for smallest pipe size or install intermediate
supports for smaller diameter pipe as specified above for individual pipe hangers.
B. Install building attachments within concrete or to structural steel. Space
attachments within maximum piping span length indicated in MSS SP-69. Install
additional attachments at concentrated loads, including valves, flanges, guides,
strainers, expansion joints, and at changes in direction of piping. Install concrete
inserts before concrete is placed; fasten insert to forms. Where concrete with
compressive strength less than 2,500 psi is indicated, install reinforcing bars
through openings at top of inserts.
C. Install hangers and supports complete with necessary inserts, bolts, rods, nuts,
washers, and other accessories.
10/16/00 31
D. Field-Fabricated, Heavy-Duty Steel Trapezes: Fabricate from steel shapes selected
for loads required; weld steel in accordance with AWS D-1.1.
E. Support fire protection systems piping independently from other piping systems.
F. Install hangers and supports to allow controlled movement of piping systems, to
permit freedom of movement between pipe anchors, and to facilitate action of
expansion joints, expansion loops, expansion bends and similar units.
G. Load Distribution: Install hangers and supports so that piping live and dead loading
and stresses from movement will not be transmitted to connected equipment.
H. Pipe Slopes: Install hangers and supports to provide indicated pipe slopes, and so
that maximum pipe deflections allowed by ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping
Code is not exceeded.
I. Insulated Piping: Comply with the following installation requirements.
1. Clamps: Attach clamps, including spacers (if any), to piping with clamps
projecting through insulation; do not exceed pipe stresses allowed by ASME
B31.9.
2. Saddles: Install protection saddles MSS Type 39 where insulation without
vapor barrier is indicated. Fill interior voids with segments of insulation
that match adjoining pipe insulation.
3. Shields: Install protective shields MSS Type 40 on cold and chilled water
piping that has vapor barrier. Shields shall span an arc of 180 degrees and
shall have dimensions in inches not less than the following:
NPS LENGTH THICKNESS
1/4 THROUGH 3-1/2 12 0.048
4 12 0.060
5 & 6 18 0.060
8 THROUGH 14 24 0.075
16 THROUGH 24 24 0.105
4. Pipes 8 inches and larger shall have wood inserts.
5. Insert material shall be at least as long as the protective shield.
6. Thermal Hanger Shields: Install where indicated, with insulation of same
thickness as piping.
3.3 INSTALLATION OF ANCHORS
A. Install anchors at proper locations to prevent stresses from exceeding those
permitted by ASME B31.9 and to prevent transfer of loading and stresses to
connected equipment.
B. Fabricate and install anchors by welding steel shapes, plates, and bars to piping and
to structure. Comply with ASME B31.9 and with AWS Standards D1.1.
10/16/00 32
C. Where expansion compensators are indicated, install anchors in accordance with
expansion unit manufacturer's written instructions to control movement to
compensators.
D. Anchor Spacings: Where not otherwise indicated, install anchors at ends of
principal pipe runs, at intermediate points in pipe runs between expansion loops and
bends. Make provisions for preset of anchors as required to accommodate both
expansion and contraction of piping.
3.4 INSTALLATION OF PIPE ALIGNMENT GUIDES
A. Install pipe alignment guides on piping that adjoins expansion joints and elsewhere
as indicated.
B. Anchor to building substrate.
3.5 EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS
A. Fabricate structural steel stands to suspend equipment from structure above or
support equipment above floor.
B. Grouting: Place grout under supports for piping and equipment.
3.6 METAL FABRICATION
A. Cut, drill, and fit miscellaneous metal fabrications for pipe anchors and equipment
supports. Install and align fabricated anchors in indicated locations.
B. Fit exposed connections together to form hairline joints. Field weld connections
that cannot be shop welded because of shipping size limitations.
C. Field Welding: Comply with AWS D1.1 for procedures of manual shielded metal-
arc welding, appearance and quality of welds made, methods used in correcting
welding work, and the following:
1. Use materials and methods that minimize distortion and develop strength
and corrosion resistance of base metals.
2. Obtain fusion without undercut or overlap.
3. Remove welding flux immediately.
4. Finish welds at exposed connections so that no roughness shows after
finishing, and so that contours welded surfaces to match adjacent contours.
3.7 ADJUSTING
A. Hanger Adjustment: Adjust hangers to distribute loads equally on attachments and
to achieve indicated slope of pipe.
10/16/00 33
B. Touch-Up Painting: Immediately after erection of anchors and supports, clean field
welds and abraded areas of shop paint and paint exposed areas with same material
as used for shop painting to comply with SSPC-PA-1 requirements for touch-up of
field-painted surfaces.
1. Apply by brush or spray to provide a minimum dry film thickness of 2.0
mils.
C. For galvanized surfaces, clean welds, bolted connections, and abraded areas, and
apply galvanizing repair paint to comply with ASTM A 780.
3.8 HANGER SPACING
A. Pipe hangers shall be spaced as follows, unless otherwise indicated, and shall be
provided with the minimum rod sizes shown, complete with all the necessary
adjusting and lock-nuts.
PIPE SIZE HANGER SPACING ROD DIAMETER
MAXIMUM MINIMUM
to 1-1/4 8 feet 3/8 inch
1-1/2 to 2 10 feet 3/8 inch
2-1/2 to 3-1/2 12 feet inch
4 to 5 14 feet 5/8 inch
6 14 feet inch
8 and above 16 feet 7/8 inch
10/16/2000 34
SECTION 15190 - MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORK:
A. Extent of mechanical identification work required by this section is indicated on
drawings and/or specified in other Division-15 sections.
B. Type of identification devices specified in this section include the following:
1. Painted Identification Materials.
2. Plastic Pipe Markers.
3. Underground-Type Plastic Line Marker.
4. Valve Tags.
5. Valve Schedule Frames.
C. Mechanical identification furnished as part of factory-fabricated equipment is
specified as part of equipment assembly in other Division-15 sections.
D. Refer to other Division-15 sections for identification requirements at central-station
mechanical control center; not work of this section.
E. Refer to Division-16 sections for identification requirements of electrical work; not
work of this section.
A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacturer of
identification devices of types and sizes required, whose products have been in
satisfactory use in similar service for not less than 5 years.
B. Codes and Standards:
1. ANSI Standards: Comply with ANSI A13.1 for lettering size, length of
color field, colors, and viewing angles of identification devices.
1.3 SUBMITTALS:
A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical product data and installation
instructions for each identification material and device required.
B. Samples: Submit samples of each color, lettering style and other graphic
representation required for each identification material or system.
15190 MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION
10/16/00 35
C. Schedules: Submit valve schedule for each piping system, typewritten and
reproduced on 8-1/2" x 11" bond paper. Tabulate valve number, piping system,
system abbreviation (as shown on tag), location of valve (room or space), and
variations for identification (if any);include one isolation valve on separate
schedule. Mark valves which are intended for emergency shut-off and similar
special uses by special flags in margin of schedule. In addition to mounted copies,
furnish extra copies for Maintenance Manuals.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS:
A. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide mechanical
identification materials of one of the following:
1. Allen Systems, Inc.
2. Brady (W.H.) Co.; Signmark Div.
3. Seton Name Plate Corp.
2.2 MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIALS:
A. General: Provide manufacturer's standard products of categories and types required
for each application as referenced in other Division-15 sections. Where more than
single type is specified for application, selection is Installer's option, but provide
single selection for each product category.
2.3 PAINTED IDENTIFICATION MATERIALS:
A. Stencils: Standard fiberboard stencils, prepared for required applications with letter
sizes generally complying with recommendations of ANSI A13.1 for piping and
similar applications.
B. Stencil Paint: Standard exterior type stenciling enamel; black, except as otherwise
indicated; either brushing grade or pressurized spray-can form and grade.
C. Identification Paint: Standard identification enamel of colors indicated or, if not
otherwise indicated for piping systems, comply with ANSI A13.1 for colors.
2.4 PLASTIC PIPE MARKERS:
A. Snap-On Type: Provide manufacturer's standard pre-printed, semi-rigid snap-on,
color-coded pipe markers, complying with ANSI A13.1.
10/16/00 36
B. Pressure-Sensitive Type: Provide manufacturer's standard pre-printed, permanent
adhesive, color-coded, pressure-sensitive vinyl pipe markers, complying with ANSI
A13.1.
C. Small Pipes: For external diameters less than 6" (including insulation if any),
provide full-band pipe markers, extending 360 degrees around pipe at each location,
fastened by one of the following methods:
1. Snap-on application of pre-tensioned semi-rigid plastic pipe marker.
2. Taped to pipe (or insulation) with color-coded plastic adhesive tape, not less
than 3/4" wide; full circle at both ends of pipe marker, tape lapped 1-1/2".
D. Large Pipes: For external diameters of 6" and larger (including insulation if any),
provide either full-band or strip-type pipe markers, but not narrower than 3 times
letter height (and of required length), fastened by one of the following methods:
1. Taped to pipe (or insulation) with color-coded plastic adhesive tape, not less
than 1-1/2" wide, full circle at both ends of pipe marker, tape lapped 3".
2. Strapped-to-pipe (or insulation) application of semi-rigid type, with
manufacturer's standard stainless steel bands.
E. Lettering: Manufacturer's standard pre-printed nomenclature which best describes
piping system in each instance, as selected by owner in cases of variance with
names as shown or specified.
1. Arrows: Print each pipe marker with arrows indicating direction of flow,
either integrally with piping system service lettering (to accommodate both
directions), or as separate unit of plastic.
2.5 UNDERGROUND-TYPE PLASTIC LINE MARKERS:
A. General: Manufacturer's standard permanent, bright-colored, continuous-printed
plastic tape, intended for direct-burial service; not less than 6" wide x 4 mils thick.
Provide tape with printing which most accurately indicates type of service of buried
pipe.
2.6 VALVE TAGS:
A. Brass Valve Tags: Provide 19-gauge polished brass valve tags with stamp-
engraved piping system abbreviation in 1/4" high letters and sequenced valve
numbers 1/2" high, and with 5/32" hole for fastener.
1. Provide 1-1/2" diameter tags, except as otherwise indicated.
2. Provide size and shape as specified or scheduled for each piping system.
10/16/00 37
3. Fill tag engraving with black enamel. DELETE ABOVE IF PLAIN
STAMPING DESIRED (LOWER COST).
B. Valve Tag Fasteners: Provide manufacturer's standard solid brass chain (wire link
or beaded type), or solid brass S-hooks of the sizes required for proper
attachment of tags to valves, and manufactured specifically for that purpose.
2.7 VALVE SCHEDULE FRAMES:
A. General: For each page of valve schedule, provide glazed display frame, with
screws for removable mounting on masonry walls. Provide frames of finished
hardwood or extruded aluminum, with SSB-grade sheet glass.
2.8 LETTERING AND GRAPHICS:
A. General: Coordinate names, abbreviations and other designations used in
mechanical identification work, with corresponding designations shown, specified
or scheduled. Provide numbers, lettering and wording as indicated or, if not
otherwise indicated, as recommended by manufacturers or as required for proper
identification and operation/maintenance of mechanical systems and equipment.
1. Multiple Systems: Where multiple systems of same generic name are
shown and specified, provide identification which indicates individual
system number as well as service (as examples; Boiler No. 3, Air Supply
No. 1H, Standpipe F12).
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS:
A. Coordination: Where identification is to be applied to surfaces which require
insulation, painting or other covering or finish, including valve tags in finished
mechanical spaces, install identification after completion of covering and painting.
Install identification prior to installation of acoustical ceilings and similar
removable concealment.
3.2 PIPING SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION:
A. General: Install pipe markers of one of the following types on each system
indicated to receive identification, and include arrows to show normal direction of
flow:
1. Stenciled markers, with lettering color complying with ANSI A13.1.
10/16/00 38
2. Plastic pipe markers, with application system as indicated under "Materials"
in this section. Install on pipe insulation segment where required for hot
non-insulated pipes.
B. Locate pipe markers and color bands as follows wherever piping is exposed to view
in occupied spaces, machine rooms, accessible maintenance spaces (shafts, tunnels,
plenums) and exterior non-concealed locations.
1. Near each valve and control device.
2. Near each branch, excluding short take-offs for fixtures and terminal units;
mark each pipe at branch, where there could be question of flow pattern.
3. Near locations where pipes pass through walls or floors/ceilings, or enter
non-accessible enclosures.
4. At access doors, manholes and similar access points which permit view of
concealed piping.
5. Near major equipment items and other points of origination and termination.
6. Spaced intermediately at maximum spacing of 50' along each piping run,
except reduce spacing to 25' in congested areas of piping and equipment.
7. On piping above removable acoustical ceilings, except omit intermediately
spaced markers.
3.3 UNDERGROUND PIPING IDENTIFICATION:
A. General: During back-filling/top-soiling of each exterior underground piping
systems, install continuous underground-type plastic line marker, located directly
over buried line at 6" to 8" below finished grade. Where multiple small lines are
buried in common trench and do not exceed overall width of 16", install single line
marker.
3.4 VALVE IDENTIFICATION:
A. General: Provide valve tag on every valve, cock and control device in each piping
system; exclude check valves, valves within factory-fabricated equipment units,
plumbing fixture faucets, convenience and lawn-watering hose bibs, and shut-off
valves at plumbing fixtures, HVAC terminal devices and similar rough-in
connections of end-use fixtures and units. List each tagged valve in valve schedule
for each piping system.
B. Mount valve schedule frames and schedules in machine rooms where indicated or,
if not otherwise indicated, where directed by owner.
1. Where more than one major machine room is shown for project, install
mounted valve schedule in each major machine room, and repeat only main
valves which are to be operated in conjunction with operations of more than
single machine room.
10/16/00 39
3.5 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION:
A. General: Install engraved brass equipment marker on or near each major item of
mechanical equipment and each operational device.
1. Main control and operating valves, including safety devices and hazardous
units such as gas outlets.
2. Meters, gauges and similar units.
3. Fuel-burning units including boilers, furnaces, heaters, stills and absorption
units.
4. Pumps, compressors, chillers, condensers and similar motor-driven units.
5. Heat exchangers, coils, evaporators, cooling towers, heat recovery units and
similar equipment.
6. Fans, blowers, primary balancing dampers and mixing boxes.
7. Packaged HVAC central-station and zone-type units.
8. Tanks and pressure vessels.
9. Strainers, filters, humidifiers, water treatment systems and similar
equipment.
B. Optional Sign Types: Where lettering larger than 1" height is needed for proper
identification, because of distance from normal location of required identification,
stenciled signs may be provided in lieu of engraved plastic, at Installer's option.
3.7 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING:
A. Adjusting: Relocate any mechanical identification device which has become
visually blocked by work of this division or other divisions.
B. Cleaning: Clean face of identification devices and glass frames of valve charts.
10/16/2000 40
SECTION 15241 - VIBRATION CONTROL
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORK:
A. Extent of vibration control work required by this section is indicated on drawings
and schedules, and/or specified in other Division-15 sections.
B. Types of vibration control products specified in this section include the following:
1. Neoprene Pads.
2. Vibration Isolation Springs.
3. All-Directional Anchors.
4. Neoprene Mountings.
5. Spring Isolators, Free-Standing.
6. Spring Isolators, Housed.
7. Spring Isolators, Vertically-Restrained.
8. Thrust Restraints.
9. Inertia Base Frames.
10. Isolation Hangers.
11. Riser Isolators.
12. Flexible Pipe Connectors.
C. Vibration control products furnished as integral part of factory- fabricated
equipment, are specified as part of equipment assembly in other Division-15
sections.
D. Refer to other Division-15 sections for equipment foundations, hangers, sealants,
gaskets, and other work related to vibration control work.
E. Refer to other Division-15 sections for requirements of electrical connections to
equipment isolated on vibration control products.
F. Refer to other Division-15 sections for requirements of duct connections to air
handling equipment isolated on vibration control products.
A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacture of vibration
control products, of type, size, and capacity required, whose products have been in
1. Except as otherwise indicated, obtain vibration control products from single
manufacturer.
15241 VIBRATION CONTROL
10/16/00 41
2. Engage manufacturer to provide technical supervision of installation of
vibration control products.
1.4 SUBMITTALS:
A. Product Data: (Three copies required) Submit manufacturer's technical product
data and installation instructions for each type of vibration control product. Submit
schedule showing size, type, deflection, and location for each product furnished.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit manufacturer's assembly-type shop drawings indicating
dimensions, weights, required clearances, and method of assembly of components.
Detail bases, and show location of equipment anchoring points, coordinated with
equipment manufacturer's shop drawings.
C. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data for each type of vibration control
product
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS:
A. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide vibration control
products of one of the following:
1. Mason Industries, Inc.
2. Peabody Noise Control, Inc.
3. Vibration Eliminator Co., Inc.
4. Vibration Mountings and Controls, Inc.
2.2 VIBRATION CONTROL MATERIALS AND SUPPORTS UNITS:
A. Neoprene Pads: Oil-resistant neoprene sheets, of manufacturer's standard hardness
and cross-ribbed or waffled pattern.
B. Vibration Isolation Springs: Wound-steel compression springs, or high-strength
spring alloy steel; with spring diameter not less than 0.8 of compressed height of
spring at rated loads. Provide minimum additional travel to solid, equal to 50% of
rated deflection. Provide spring wire with elastic limit stress exceeding at solid
deflection.
C. All-Directional Anchors: Provide all-directional acoustical pipe anchor consisting
of telescopic arrangement of 2 sizes of steel tubing separated by minimum 1/2"
thickness of heavy-duty neoprene and duck, or neoprene isolation material. Provide
vertical restraints by similar material arranged to prevent vertical travel in either
direction. Design for maximum 500 psi load on isolation materials, and provide for
equal resistance in any direction. Equip anchor with threaded hole on top and 2
10/16/00 42
holes in base plate for bolting down or provide welding provisions top and bottom,
if indicated.
D. Neoprene Mountings: Provide neoprene mountings consisting of neoprene element
bonded between 2 steel plates that are neoprene- covered to prevent corrosion.
Provide minimum rated deflection of 0.35". Provide threaded hole in upper plate
and 2 holes in base plate for securing to equipment and to substrate.
E. Spring Isolators, Free-Standing: Except as otherwise indicated, provide vibration
isolation spring between top and bottom loading plates with pad-type isolator
bonded to bottom of bottom loading plate. Include studs or cups to ensure centering
of spring on plates. Include leveling bolt with lock nuts and washers, centered in
top plate, arranged for leveling and anchoring supported equipment as indicated.
Include holes in bottom plate for bolting unit to substrate as indicated.
F. Spring Isolators, Housed: Except as otherwise indicated, provide vibration isolation
spring between telescoping steel housings with top and bottom loading plates with
pad-type isolator bonded to bottom of loading plate. Include resilient inserts to
separate and guide telescoping housings.
1. Equip top loading plate with equipment anchorages as indicated or as
required for support and attachment.
2. Include pad-type isolator bonded to top of top loading plate, except on units
with leveling bolts.
3. Include holes in bottom plate for bolting unit to substrate.
G. Spring Isolators, Vertically-Restrained: Provide spring isolators in housing that
includes vertical limit stops. Design housing to act as blocking during erection, and
with installed height and operating height being equal. Maintain 1/2" minimum
clearance around restraining bolts, and between housing and springs. Design so
limit stops are out of contact during normal operation.
H. Thrust Restraints: Provide horizontal thrust restraints consisting of spring element
in series with neoprene pad. Select spring deflection same as for equipment
loading. Design so thrust restraints can be pre-set and adjusted in field. Attach
horizontal restraints at centerline of thrust and symmetrically on either side of unit.
I. Inertia Base Frames: Where inertia bases are indicated for use with isolation units
to support equipment, provide rectangular structural beam channel, or complete
sheet metal box concrete forms for floating foundations, with materials complying
with ASTM A36. Frame unit as shown or, if not shown, with minimum depth of
0.08 x longest dimension of base, but not less than 6" deep. Size frame as shown
or, if not shown, so that weight of frame plus concrete fill will be greater than
operating weight of equipment supported. Provide steel reinforcing both ways with
both ends of reinforcing butt welded to base framing.
1. Provide welded support brackets at points indicated, and anchor base frame
to spring isolator units.
10/16/00 43
2. Provide anchor bolts, located as required for equipment anchorage and
supported for casting of concrete. Locate bolts as indicated.
3. Provide adjustable bolts in pipe sleeves; for minimum of 1/2" adjustment
around anchor bolts.
J. Isolation Hangers: Hanger units formed with brackets and including manufacturer's
standard compression isolators of type indicated. Design brackets for 3 times rated
loading of units. Fabricate units to accept misalignment of 15 degrees off center in
any direction before contacting hanger box, and for use with either rod or strap type
members, and including acoustical washers to prevent metal-to-metal contacts.
1. Provide vibration isolation spring with cap in lower part of hanger and
rubber hanger element in top, securely retained in unit.
2. Provide neoprene element, with minimum deflection of 0.35", securely
retained in hanger box.
3. Provide fiberglass pad or shape, securely retained in unit, with threaded
metal top plate.
4. Provide hangers, precompressed to rated load to limit deflection during
installation. Design so hanger may be released after full load is applied.
K. Riser Isolators: Suspend risers from, or support risers by, spring hangers or spring
isolators. Wherever possible, anchor risers at central point with resilient anchors.
Provide hanger or mounting deflection of 0.75" except in those expansion locations
where additional deflection is required to limit deflection or load changes to plus or
minus 25 degrees of initial deflection. Provide sliding guides held in position by
resilient anchors, located between anchor points and end of piping, spaced as
indicated.
L. Flexible Pipe Connectors:
1. For non-ferrous piping, provide bronze hose covered with bronze wire braid
with copper tube ends or bronze flanged ends, braze-welded to hose.
2. For ferrous piping, provide stainless steel hose covered with stainless steel
wire braid with NPT steel nipples or 150 psi ANSI flanges, welded to hose.
3. Flexible Pipe Connectors: Provide neoprene or EDPM construction
consisting of multiple plies of nylon tire cord fabric and elastomer molded
and cured in hydraulic rubber presses. Provide straight or elbow connector
as indicated, rated at 125 psi at 220 F (104 deg.C).
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSPECTION:
A. Examine areas and conditions under which vibration control units are to be
installed. Do not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected in manner acceptable to Installer.
10/16/00 44
3.2 PERFORMANCE OF ISOLATORS:
A. General: Comply with minimum static deflections recommended by ASHRAE for
selection and application of vibration isolation materials and units as indicated.
B. Manufacturer's Recommendations: Except as otherwise indicated, comply with
manufacturer's recommendations for selection and application of vibration isolation
materials and units.
3.3 APPLICATIONS:
A. General: Except as otherwise indicated, select vibration control products in
accordance with ASHRAE Handbook, 1980 Systems Volume, Chapter 35 "Sound
and Vibration Control", Table 27. Where more than one type of product is offered,
selection is Installer's option.
B. Piping: For piping connected to equipment mounted on vibration control products,
install isolation hangers as indicated, and for first 3 points of support for pipe sizes
4" and less, for first 4 points of support for pipe sizes 5" through 8", and for first 6
points of support for pipe sizes 10" and over.
3.4 INSTALLATION:
A. General: Except as otherwise indicated, comply with manufacturer's instructions
for installation and load application to vibration control materials and units. Adjust
to ensure that units have equal deflection, do not bottom out under loading, and are
not short-circuited by other contacts or bearing points. Remove space blocks and
similar devices intended for temporary support during installation.
B. Install units between substrate and equipment as required for secure operation and
to prevent displacement by normal forces, and as indicated.
C. Adjust leveling devices as required to distribute loading uniformly onto isolators.
Shim units as required where substrate is not level.
D. Install inertia base frames on isolator units as indicated, so that minimum of 1"
clearance below base will result when frame is filled with concrete and supported
equipment has been installed and loaded for operation.
E. For air handling equipment, install thrust restraints as indicated, and also wherever
thrust exceeds 10% of equipment weight.
F. Locate isolation hangers as near overhead support structure as possible.
G. Weld riser isolator units in place as required to prevent displacement from loading
and operations.
10/16/00 45
H. Flexible Pipe Connectors: Install on equipment side of shutoff valves, horizontally
and parallel to equipment shafts wherever possible.
I. Outdoor isolators shall have all parts other than springs galvanized. Springs shall be
cadmium plated or other method of corrosion resistance. Outdoor isolators shall be
provided with limit stops to resist wind loads.
3.5 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING:
A. Upon completion of vibration control work, prepare report showing measured
equipment deflections for each major item of equipment as indicated.
B. Clean each vibration control unit, and verify that each is working freely, and that
there is no dirt or debris in immediate vicinity of unit that could possibly short-
circuit unit isolation.
10/16/2000 46
SECTION 15250 MECHANICAL INSULATION
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 DESIGN GUIDELINES
1. Do not install insulation, other than acoustical duct lining, until all required tests have been completed.
2. All installation including sealants & adhesives to be in strict accordance with manufacturers
recommendations.
3. Where vapor barriers are required with the insulation, do not use fasteners that will penetrate and
violate barrier integrity. Where penetration is required, patch with matching vapor barrier material.
4. Extend insulation on piping through sleeves to produce a continuous application, maintain same
diameter.
5. Valve bodies, fittings, flanges, drip pockets, ect. On all lines need to be covered with molded or
equivalent insulation to match pipe covering. Match piping thickness, vapor barriers, jackets and
finishes.
6. Provide metal cladding on insulated piping in tunnels.
7. All sectional insulation needs to be installed neatly and tightly buffed together with longitudinal joints
turned to last conspicuous side and slightly staggered. Tape or other coating shall be lapped over all
joints and well pasted down in a neat manner.
8. Provide removable insulation covers on fittings, pumps, balancing valves, ect that may require access
for maintenance for adjustment.
9. Provide molded PVC covers on fittings, tees, elbows, end caps, valves, ect. Alternatively, flexible
unicellular insulation may be custom fit over pumps and valves provided that it is removable.
10. Where sound attention is required at exhaust fans, utilize interior duct line up to 20 feet on the in take
side.
11. In general, do not use interior duct lining on supply side. Utilize acoustical silences specifically sized
for application at minimum pressure drops. Identify on drawings where interior must be used with
length of lining in duct.
12. Insulate the exterior of supply duct with same rigid fiberglass duct board or flexible fiberglass duct
wrap.
13. Omit insulation on lot piping with in enclosures or unit cabinets; on cold piping within unit cabinet
provided that a drain pan is installed on traps, unions, strainers, valves, ect for steam and hot water
piping.
14. For direct buried piping such as steam and condensate, use foam glass with pit wrap unless different a
prefabricated piping system is used.
15250 MECHANICAL INSULATION
10/16/00 47
15. Insulate all cold surfaces on absorption chillers including generator section, heads, miscellaneous cold
piping, support legs, ect.
16. Insulate all piping including cold water, chilled water, hot water, heating hot water, steam and
condensate, horizontal sections of soil and roof drains including sump with fiberglass pipe insulation.
Refrigerant piping may be fiberglass or flexible unicellular.
17. Insulate mechanical equipment as required by its service. Do not cover name plates, hand holes, ect.
1. Ductwork in unheated spaces should be insulated to achieve a minimum thermal resistance of R-4.
2. Heat loss in any complete fluid system should not exceed 5% of the total design heating capacity.
3. Internal duct liner air side coating should be fire resistant and resist erosion up to 5000 fpm air
velocities.
4. Flame/Smoke Rating: composite insulation to meet flame spread index of 25 or less and smoke
developed index of 50 or less as tested by ASTM E 84 (NFPA 255).
5. Insulation Thickness (minimum values):
a. Ductwork Fresh or outside air: 1 semi rigid fiberglass board
- Supply: 1 semi rigid or 1 fiberglass wrap.
b. Piping cold water: 1 fiberglass or flex. Unicellular up to 2 size.
- hot water: 1 fiberglass for pipes up to and including 6 size
1 fiberglass over 6 size
- roof and soil: same as cold water
- chilled water: 1 fiberglass up to and including 4 size
1 fiberglass over 4 size
- heating water: 2 fiberglass up to and including 2 size
2 fiberglass for 2 through 4 size
3 fiberglass for 5 and above
- steam and condensate: same as heating water
- refrigerant: 1 fiberglass up to and including 1 or unicellular
1 fiberglass over 1 size or 1 unicellular
c. Equipment cold equipment such as drip pans, pumps, storage tanks, chillers, water softeners,
separators and expansion tanks, ect:
- 2 fiberglass for 35 degree and higher
- 1 flexible unicellular
- hot equipment such as water heaters, storage tanks, condensate receivers, pumps,
expansion tanks, ect:
- 2 fiberglass
- absorption chillers: 1 flexible unicellular
- buried piping: foamglass thickness per manufacturer recommendations for
particular applications
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
1. Piping fiberglass: ASTM C547, class 1 with all purpose jacket
15250 MECHANICAL INSULATION
10/16/00 48
- flexible unicellular: ASTM C534, Type 1
- foamglass: ASTM C552
- Jacketing: PVC ASTM C921, Type 1 for below ambient and Type 2 for above
ambient
2. Ductwork Rigid Fiberglass Duct Board: ASTM C612, class 1
- Flexible Fiberglass Wrap: ASTM C553, Type 1 with foil reinforced Kraft vapor
barrier.
- Jacketing: same as piping
3. Equipment Fiberglass: rigid, same as ductwork
- flexible unicellular: same as piping
1. Manville Product Corp
2. Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corp
3. Certainteed Corp
4. Knauf Fiberglass
5. Armstrong World Industries for Armaflex
6. Pittsburgh Corning for Foamglas
10/16/2000 49
SECTION 15411 - WATER DISTRIBUTION PIPING
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Requirements of the following Division 15 Sections apply to and/or relate this
section:
4. "Pipe Expansion Joints."
5. "Supports and Anchors."
6. Valves
7. Meters and Gages
8. Mechanical Identification
9. Plumbing Pumps
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes potable cold water, hot water, and circulation hot water
piping, fittings, and specialties within the building to a point 5 feet outside the
building.
B. Water meters will be provided and installed by the utility company; coordinate
location and installation with the utility company. This is the name and address of
the utility company:
1. City of Kalamazoo, Public Services Department
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Water Distribution Pipe: A pipe within the building or on the premises that
conveys water from the water service pipe or meter to the points of usage.
B. Water Service Pipe: The pipe from the water main or other source of potable water
supply to the water distributing system of the building served.
C. Pipe sizes used in this standard are nominal pipe size (NPS).
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Submit the following :
15411 WATER DISTRIBUTION PIPING
10/16/00 50
1. Product data, three required, for each piping specialty and valve specified.
2. Certification of Compliance with ASME and UL fabrication requirements
specified below.
3. Test reports specified in Part 3 of this Section.
4. Maintenance data for each piping specialty and valve specified for inclusion
in Maintenance Manual specified Division 15 Section - "Basic Mechanical
Requirements."
A. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with the provisions of the following codes:
1. ASME B31.9 "Building Services Piping" for materials, products, and
installation. Safety valves and pressure vessels shall bear the appropriate
ASME label.
2. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, "Welding and Brazing
Qualifications" for Qualifications for Welding Processes and Operators.
3. Latest revision of State Plumbing Code.
A. Store pipe in a manner to prevent sagging and bending. Cap piping ends.
1.7 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING
A. Coordinate the size and location of concrete equipment pads. Cast anchor-bolt
inserts into pad.
B. Coordinate the installation of pipe sleeves for foundation wall penetrations.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Hose Bibbs:
a. Nibco, Inc.
b. Watts Regulator Co.
c. Woodford Mfg. Co.
2. Wall Hydrants:
10/16/00 51
a. Woodford Mfg. Co.
3. Backflow Preventers:
a. Febco.
b. Hersey Products, Inc.
c. Watts Regulator Co.
4. Pressure-Regulating Valves:
a. Cash (A. W.) Valve Mfg. Corp.
b. Spence Engineering Co., Inc.
5. Relief Valves:
a. Cash (A. W.) Valve Mfg. Corp.
6. Water Hammer Arresters:
a. Josam Co.
b. Wade Div., Tyler Pipe.
7. Mechanical Couplings and Fittings For Grooved-End Galvanited Steel Pipe:
a. Grinnell Corp.
b. Victaulic Co. of America.
8. Mechanical Couplings and Fittings For Grooved-End Copper Tube:
a. Victaulic Co. of America.
9. Vacuum Breakers For Hose Connections:
a. Cash (A.W.) Valve Mfg. Corp.
2.2 PIPE AND TUBE MATERIALS, GENERAL
A. Pipe and Tube: Refer to Part 3, Article "Application, General," for identification of
systems where the below materials are used.
B. Copper Tube: ASTM B 88, Type L Water Tube, drawn temper.
C. Copper Tube: ASTM B 88, Type K Water Tube, annealed temper.
D. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53, schedule 40, seamless, galvanized, plain ends.
2.3 FITTINGS
A. Wrought Copper Solder-Joint Fittings: ANSI B16.22, streamlined pattern.
B. Galvanized Cast-Iron Threaded Fittings: ASME B16.4, Class 125, standard pattern,
for threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ASME B1.20.1.
D. Grooved-End Mechanical Fittings: ASTM A 47, ASTM A 106, or A 536,
galvanized fittings with grooves or shoulders designed to accept grooved-end
couplings.
10/16/00 52
E. Mechanical Couplings For Grooved-End Piping: Ductile or malleable iron housing,
a synthetic rubber gasket of a central cavity pressure-responsive design, with nuts,
bolts, locking pin, locking toggle, or lugs to secure grooved pipe or tube and
fittings. Couplings for use with AWWA Dimension piping shall conform to
AWWA C606.
F. Unions: ASME B16.39, malleable iron, Class 150, hexagonal stock, with ball-and-
socket joints, metal-to-metal bronze seating surfaces, female threaded ends.
Threads shall conform to ASME B1.20.1.
G. Dielectric Unions: Threaded, solder, or grooved-end connections as required to suit
application; constructed to isolate dissimilar metals, prevent galvanic action, and
prevent corrosion.
H. Flexible Connectors: Stainless-steel bellows with woven, flexible, bronze wire
reinforced protective jacket; minimum 150 psig working pressure, maximum 250
deg F operating temperature. Connectors shall have flanged or threaded-end
connections to match equipment connected and shall be capable of 3/4-inch
misalignment.
2.4 JOINING MATERIALS
A. Solder Filler Metal: ASTM B 32, 95-5 Tin-Antimony.
B. Brazing Filler Metals: AWS A5.8, BCuP Series.
C. Gasket Material: Thickness, material, and type suitable for fluid to be handled and
design temperatures and pressures.
2.5 GENERAL-DUTY VALVES
A. General-duty valves (i.e., check, ball, and butterfly valves) are specified in Division
15 Section "Valves." Refer to Part 3 Article "Valve Application" for specific uses
and applications for each valve specified.
2.6 PIPING SPECIALTIES
A. Water Hammer Arresters: Bellows type, with stainless steel casing and bellows,
pressure rated for 250 psi, tested and certified in accordance with PDI Standard
WH-201.
B. Hose Connections: Hose connections shall have garden hose thread outlets
conforming to ASME B1.20.7.
C. Hose Bibbs: Bronze body, renewable composition disc, tee handle, 1/2- or 3/4-inch
solder inlet, hose outlet.
10/16/00 53
D. Recessed Nonfreeze Wall Hydrants: Cast-bronze box, with chrome-plated face, tee
handle key, vacuum breaker, hinged locking cover, 3/4-inch inlet, and hose outlet.
Bronze casing shall be length to suit wall thickness.
E. Vacuum Breakers: Hose connection vacuum breakers shall conform to ASSE
Standard 1011, with finish to match hose connection.
F. Backflow Preventers: Reduced-pressure-principle assembly consisting of shutoff
valves on inlet and outlet and strainer on inlet. Assemblies shall include test cocks
and pressure-differential relief valve located between 2 positive seating check
valves and comply with requirements of ASSE Standard 1013.
G. Pressure-Regulating Valves: Single-seated, direct-operated type, having bronze
body with integral strainer and complying with requirements of ASSE Standard
1003. Select proper size for maximum flow rate and inlet and outlet pressures
indicated.
H. Relief Valves: Sizes for relief valves shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Codes for indicated capacity of the appliance for which installed.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine rough-in requirements for plumbing fixtures and other equipment with
water connections to verify actual locations of piping connections prior to
installation.
3.2 PIPE APPLICATIONS
A. Install Type L, drawn copper tube with wrought copper fittings and solder joints for
pipe sizes 2 inches and smaller, above ground, within building. Install Type K,
annealed temper copper tube for pipe sizes 2 inches and smaller, with minimum
number of joints, below ground.
B. Install galvanized steel pipe with threaded joints and fittings for 2 to 4 inches,
above ground, within building.
C. Install galvanized steel pipe with roll-grooved ends, grooved mechanical fittings,
and mechanical couplings for greater than 4 inches, above ground, within building.
3.3 PIPING INSTALLATION
A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawings (plans, schematics, and diagrams)
indicate the general location and arrangement of the piping systems. Location and
10/16/00 54
arrangement of piping layout take into consideration pipe sizing and friction loss,
expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. So far as practical, install
piping as indicated.
B. Use fittings for all changes in direction and branch connections.
C. Install exposed piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs
are not permitted unless expressly indicated.
D. Install piping free of sags or bends and with ample space between piping to permit
proper insulation applications.
E. Conceal all pipe installations in walls, pipe chases, utility spaces, above ceilings,
below grade or floors, unless indicated to be exposed to view.
F. Install piping tight to slabs, beams, joists, columns, walls, and other permanent
elements of the building. Provide space to permit insulation applications, with 1-
inch clearance outside the insulation. Allow sufficient space above removable
ceiling panels to allow for panel removal.
G. Locate groups of pipes parallel to each other, spaced to permit applying full
insulation and servicing of valves.
H. Install drains at low points in mains, risers, and branch lines consisting of a tee
fitting, 3/4-inch ball valve, and short 3/4-inch threaded nipple and cap.
I. Exterior Wall Penetrations: Seal pipe penetrations through exterior walls with
sleeves and mechanical sleeve seals. Pipe sleeves smaller than 6 inches shall be
galvanized steel pipe; pipe sleeves 6 inches and larger shall be galvanized steel
sheet metal.
J. Fire Barrier Penetrations: Where pipes pass though fire-rated walls, partitions,
ceilings, and floors, maintain the fire-rated integrity. K.Install piping with 1/32-inch-per-foot (1/4 percent) downward slope towards
3.4 HANGERS AND SUPPORTS
A. General: Hanger, support, and anchor devices conforming to MSS SP-69 are
specified in Division 15 Section "Supports and Anchors." Conform to the table
below for maximum spacing of supports:
B. Pipe Attachments: Install the following:
1. Adjustable steel clevis hangers, MSS Type 1, for individual horizontal runs
less than 20 feet in length.
2. Adjustable roller hangers, MSS Type 43, and spring hangers, MSS Type 41
with Type 49, for individual horizontal runs 20 feet and longer.
3. Pipe roll, complete MSS Type 44 for multiple horizontal runs, 20 feet or
longer, support on a trapeze.
4. Spring hangers to support vertical runs.
10/16/00 55
C. Install hangers for horizontal piping with maximum spacing and minimum rod
sizes, shown Division 15 section Support and Anchors.
D. Support vertical steel pipe and copper tube at each floor.
E. Support plastic pipe and tubing in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
3.5 PIPE AND TUBE JOINT CONSTRUCTION
A. Soldered Joints: Comply with the procedures contained in the AWS "Soldering
Manual."
B. Threaded Joints: Conform to ASME B1.20.1, tapered pipe threads for field-cut
threads. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows:
1. Note the internal length of threads in fittings or valve ends, and proximity of
internal seat or wall, to determine how far pipe should be threaded into joint.
2. Align threads at point of assembly.
3. Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to the external pipe threads
(except where dry seal threading is specified).
4. Assemble joint wrench tight. Wrench on valve shall be on the valve end
into which the pipe is being threaded.
a. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe with corroded or damaged
threads. If a weld opens during cutting or threading operations, that
portion of pipe shall not be used.
C. Flanged Joints: Align flange surfaces parallel. Assemble joints by sequencing bolt
tightening to make initial contact of flanges and gaskets as flat and parallel as
possible. Use suitable lubricants on bolt threads. Tighten bolts gradually and
uniformly with a torque wrench.
D. Grooved-End Joints: Prepare pipe and tubing and install in accordance with
manufacturer's installation instructions.
3.7 INSTALLATION OF VALVES
A. Sectional Valves: Install sectional valves on each branch and riser, close to main,
where branch or riser serves 2 or more plumbing fixtures or equipment connections,
and elsewhere as indicated. For sectional valves 2 inches and smaller, use ball
valves; for sectional valves 2-1/2 inches and larger, use butterfly valves.
EDIT BELOW AS DESIRED. USE OF 1/2- OR 3/4-INCH HOSE END DRAIN VALVES
MAY BE ADEQUATE OR THIS APPLICATION.
B. Shutoff Valves: Install shutoff valves on inlet of each plumbing equipment item, on
each supply to each plumbing fixture, and elsewhere as indicated. For shutoff
10/16/00 56
valves 2 inches and smaller, use ball valves; for shutoff valves 2-1/2 inches and
larger, use butterfly valves.
C. Drain Valves: Install drain valves on each plumbing equipment item, located to
drain equipment completely for service or repair. Install drain valves at low points
of horizontal runs, and elsewhere as required to drain distribution piping system
completely. For drain valves 2 inches and smaller, use gate or ball valves; for drain
valves 2-1/2 inches and larger, use butterfly valves.
D. Check Valves: Install swing check valves on discharge side of each pump and
elsewhere as indicated.
E. Balance valves: Install in each hot water recirculating loop, discharge side of each
pump, and elsewhere as indicated.
F. Hose Bibbs: Install on exposed piping where indicated with vacuum breaker.
G. Wall Hydrants: Install where indicated with vacuum breaker.
3.8 INSTALLATION OF PIPING SPECIALTIES
A. Install backflow preventers at each connection to mechanical equipment and
systems and in compliance with the plumbing code. Locate in same room as
equipment being connected. Install air cap fitting and pipe relief outlet drain
without valves to nearest floor drain.
B. Install pressure-regulating valves with inlet and outlet shutoff valves and balance
valve bypass. Install pressure gage on valve outlet.
3.9 EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS
A. Piping Runouts to Fixtures: Provide hot and cold water piping runouts to fixtures
of sizes indicated, but in no case smaller than required by plumbing code.
B. Mechanical Equipment Connections: Connect hot and cold water piping system to
mechanical equipment as indicated. Provide shutoff valve and union for each
connection; provide drain valve on drain connection. For connections 2-1/2 inches
and larger, use flanges instead of unions.
3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
1. Do not enclose, cover, or put into operation water distribution piping system
until it has been inspected and approved by the authority having jurisdiction.
2. During the progress of the installation, notify the plumbing official having
jurisdiction at least 24 hours prior to the time such inspection must be made.
Perform tests specified below in the presence of the plumbing official.
10/16/00 57
a. Rough-in Inspection: Arrange for inspection of the piping system
before concealed or closed in after system is roughed in and prior to
setting fixtures.
b. Final Inspection: Arrange for a final inspection by the plumbing
official to observe the tests specified below and to ensure compliance
with the requirements of the plumbing code.
3. Reinspections: Whenever the plumbing official finds that the piping system
will not pass the test or inspection, make the required corrections and
arrange for reinspection by the plumbing official.
4. Reports: Prepare inspection reports signed by the plumbing official.
B. Test water distribution piping as follows:
1. Test for leaks and defects all new water distribution piping systems and
parts of existing systems that have been altered, extended or repaired. If
testing is performed in segments, submit a separate report for each test,
complete with a diagram of the portion of the system tested.
2. Leave uncovered and unconcealed all new, altered, extended, or replaced
water distribution piping until it has been tested and approved. Expose all
such work for testing that has been covered or concealed before it has been
tested and approved.
3. Cap and subject the piping system to a static water pressure of 50 psig above
the operating pressure without exceeding the pressure rating of the piping
system materials. Isolate the test source and allow to stand for 4 hours.
Leaks and loss in test pressure constitute defects that must be repaired.
4. Repair all leaks and defects with new materials and retest system or portion
thereof until satisfactory results are obtained.
5. Prepare reports for all tests and required corrective action.
A. Clean and disinfect water distribution piping as follows:
1. Purge all new water distribution piping systems and parts of existing
systems that have been altered, extended, or repaired prior to use.
2. Use the purging and disinfecting procedure proscribed by the authority
having jurisdiction or, in case a method is not prescribed by that authority,
the procedure described in either AWWA C651, or AWWA C652, or as
described below:
a. Flush the piping system with clean, potable water until dirty water
does not appear at the points of outlet.
b. Fill the system or part thereof with a water/chlorine solution
containing at least 50 parts per million of chlorine. Isolate (valve off)
the system or part thereof and allow to stand for 24 hours.
c. Drain the system or part thereof of the previous solution and refill with
a water/chlorine solution containing at least 200 parts per million of
chlorine and isolate and allow to stand for 3 hours.
10/16/00 58
d. Following the allowed standing time, flush the system with clean,
potable water until chlorine does not remain in the water coming from
the system.
e. Submit water samples in sterile bottles to the authority having
jurisdiction. Repeat the procedure if the biological examination made
by the authority shows evidence of contamination.
B. Prepare reports for all purging and disinfecting activities.
3.12 COMMISSIONING
A. Fill the system. Check compression tanks to determine that they are not air bound
and that the system is completely full of water.
B. Before operating the system, perform these steps:
1. Close drain valve, hydrants, and hose bibbs.
2. Open valves to full open position.
3. Remove and clean strainers.
4. Check pumps for proper direction of rotation. Correct improper wiring.
5. Lubricate pump motors and bearings.
10/16/2000 59
SECTION 15430 - PLUMBING SPECIALTIES
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Related Sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this
Section:
1. Division 11 Section Oil/Water Separators for oil/water separators.
2. Division 15 Section Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods for piping-
joining materials, joint construction, basic installation requirements, and
labeling and identifying requirements.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes plumbing specialties for water distribution systems; soil,
waste, and vent systems; and storm drainage systems.
1.3 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Provide components and installation capable of producing piping systems with
following minimum working pressure ratings, except where otherwise indicated:
1. Water Distribution Systems, Below Ground: 150 psig.
2. Water Distribution Systems, Above Ground: 125 psig.
3. Soil, Waste, and Vent Systems: 10-foot head of water.
4. Storm Drainage Systems: 10-foot head of water.
5. Sanitary Sewage, Pumped Piping Systems: 75 psig.
6. Storm Sewage, Pumped Piping Systems: 75 psig.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit product data, three copies required, including rated capacities of selected
models and weights (shipping, installation, and operation). Indicate materials,
finishes, dimensions, required clearances, and methods of assembly of components;
and piping connections for the following plumbing specialty products:
1. Thermostatic water-mixing valves and water-tempering valves.
2. Drain valves.
3. Trap seal primer valves.
4. Backwater valves.
5. Cleanouts, cover plates, and access panels.
15430 PLUMBING SPECIALTIES
10/16/00 60
6. Floor drains, open receptors, trench drains, and roof drains.
7. Grease interceptors, oil interceptors and solids interceptors.
B. Maintenance data for inclusion in Operating and Maintenance manuals for the
following:
1. Thermostatic water-mixing valves and water-tempering valves.
2. Backwater valves.
3. Grease interceptors, grease recovery units, oil interceptors and oil storage
tanks, and solids interceptors.
A. Comply with ASME B31.9, "Building Services Piping," for materials, products, and
installation.
B. Listing and Labeling: Provide equipment that is listed and labeled.
1. Listing and Labeling Agency Qualifications: A "Nationally Recognized
Testing Laboratory" (NRTL) as defined in OSHA Regulation 1910.7.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Thermostatic Water-Mixing Valves:
a. Symmons Industries, Inc.
2. Trap Seal Primer Valves:
a. Josam Co.
b. Wade Div., Tyler Pipe.
c. Zurn by Hydromechanics Div., Zurn Industries, Inc.
3. Backwater Valves:
a. Josam Co.
b. Zurn by Hydromechanics Div., Zurn Industries Inc.
2.2 THERMOSTATIC WATER-MIXING VALVES
A. General: ASSE 1017, manually adjustable, thermostatic water-mixing valve with
bronze body. Include checkstop and union on hot-water and cold-water supply
inlets, adjustable temperature setting, and capacity at pressure loss as indicated.
10/16/00 61
1. Operation and Pressure Rating: Bimetal thermostat, 125 psig minimum.
B. Thermostatic Water-Mixing Valves: Unit, with options as indicated.
1. Piping, of sizes and in arrangement, with valves and unions indicated.
2. Piping Component Finish: Rough brass.
3. Cabinet: Steel box with steel hinged door and white enameled finish.
4. Cabinet Mounting: Recessed.
2.3 MISCELLANEOUS PIPING SPECIALTIES
A. Piping specialties such as escutcheons, strainers, dielectric fittings, sleeves, and
sleeve seals are specified in Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and
Methods."
B. Trap Seal Primer Valves: ASSE 1018, water-supply-fed type, with the following
characteristics:
1. 125-psig minimum working pressure.
2. Bronze body with atmospheric-vented drain chamber.
3. Inlet and Outlet Connections: 1/2-inch threaded, union, or solder joint.
4. Gravity Drain Outlet Connection: 1/2-inch threaded or solder joint.
5. Finish: Chrome plated, or rough bronze for units used with pipe or tube that
is not chrome finished.
C. Horizontal Backwater Valves: ASME A112.14.1, cast-iron body, with removable
bronze swing-check valve and threaded or bolted cover.
1. Closed-Position Check Valve: Factory assembled or field modified to hang
closed except when subject to backflow condition.
2. Open-Position Check Valve: Factory assembled or field modified to hang
open except when subject to backflow condition.
3. Extension: Full-size, Service Class, cast-iron soil-pipe extension to field-
installed cleanout at floor, instead of cover.
D. Drain Outlet, Backwater Valves: Cast-iron or bronze body, with removable ball
float, threaded inlet, and threaded or spigot outlet.
2.4 CLEANOUTS
A. General: Size cleanouts as indicated on drawings, or where not indicated, same size
as connected drainage piping. Cleanouts larger than 4 inches are not required
except where indicated.
B. Cleanouts: ASME A112.36.2M, cast-iron body with straight threads and gasket
seal or taper threads for plug, flashing flange and clamping ring, and a brass closure
10/16/00 62
plug. Cleanouts for installation in floors not having membrane waterproofing may
be furnished without clamping ring. Provide nickel bronze cover in finished floor
and 18 gauge stainless steel cover in finished walls.
2.5 FLOOR DRAINS
A. General: Size outlets as indicated on or drawings.
B. Floor Drains and Shower Drains: ASME A112.21.1M, cast-iron body, with
seepage flange and clamping device, and 7 nickel bronze adjustable strainer
secured with screw. Floor drains for installation in floors not having membrane
waterproofing may have seepage flange without clamping device. For gang
showers, provide 8 x 4 top gutter drain with nickel bronze strainer secured with
screw
C. Kitchen Drains: Cast iron, double drainage flange, clamping device, adjustable
ductile iron strainer with nickel bronze veneer and sediment bucket.
2.6 ROOF DRAINS
A. General: Size outlet as indicated on drawings.
B. Roof Drains: ASME A112.21.2M, cast-iron body, female threaded outlet, with
combination flashing ring and gravel stop, aluminum dome approximately 12
inches in diameter and not les than 100 square inches free area, extension collars,
underdeck clamp, and sump receiver. Roof drains for installation in cast-in-place
concrete decks may be furnished without underdeck clamp and sump receiver.
2.7 INTERCEPTORS
A. General: Units of type, operation, flow rate, storage or retention capacity; with
integral or field-installed cleanout on outlet; and other features indicated.
B. Grease Interceptors: PDI G-101, having maximum flow capacity of 100 gallons per
minute and grease retention capacity of 200 lb.
C. Arrangement: Interior baffles, removable cover, flow control fitting, and cleanout
on outlet.
1. Material: Cast iron or steel with corrosion-resistant coating.
D. Oil Interceptors: Features include baffles, removable basket or strainer, removable
cover, flow control fitting, and cleanout on outlet.
1. Material: Cast iron.
10/16/00 63
E. Solids Interceptors: Features include settlement chambers; baffles; removable
basket, strainer, screens, or other means of cleaning; and removable cover
1. Material: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, or bronze.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PIPING SPECIALTY INSTALLATION
A. Install trap seal primer valves with valve outlet piping pitched down toward drain
trap a minimum of 1/8 inch per foot (1 percent) and connect to floor drain body,
trap, or inlet fitting. Adjust valve for proper flow.
B. Install backwater valves in building drain piping as indicated. For interior
installation, provide cleanout deck plate (cover) flush with floor and centered over
backwater valve cover and of adequate size to remove valve cover for service.
C. Install expansion joints on vertical risers, stacks, and conductors as required.
D. Install cleanouts in above-ground piping and building drain piping as indicated, and
where not indicated, according to the following:
1. Size same as drainage piping up to 4-inch size. Use 4-inch size for larger
drainage piping except where larger size cleanout is indicated.
2. Locate at each change in direction of piping greater than 45 degrees.
3. Locate at minimum intervals of 50 feet for piping 4 inches and smaller and
100 feet for larger piping.
4. Locate at base of each vertical soil or waste stack.
E. Install cleanout deck plates (covers) with top flush with finished floor, for floor
cleanouts for piping below floors.
F. Install cleanout wall access covers with frame and cover flush with finished wall,
for cleanouts located in concealed piping.
3.4 FLOOR DRAIN INSTALLATION
A. Install floor drains according to manufacturer's written instructions indicated.
B. Install floor drains at low points of surface areas to be drained. Set tops of drains
flush with finished floor.
C. Set drain elevation depressed below finished slab elevation as listed below to
provide proper floor slope to drain:
1. 5-Foot Drain Area Radius: 1/2-inch depression.
2. 10-Foot Drain Area Radius: 3/4-inch depression.
10/16/00 64
3. 15-Foot Drain Area Radius: 1-inch depression.
4. 20-Foot Drain Area Radius: 1-1/4-inch depression.
5. 25-Foot Drain Area Radius: 1-1/2-inch depression.
D. Trap drains connected to sanitary building drain.
E. Install drain flashing collar or flange so that no leakage occurs between drain and
adjoining flooring. Maintain integrity of waterproof membranes, where penetrated.
F. Position drains for easy accessibility and maintenance.
3.5 ROOF DRAIN INSTALLATION
A. Install roof drains at low points of roof areas, according to the roof membrane
manufacturer's installation instructions.
B. Install drain flashing collar or flange so no leakage occurs between roof drain and
adjoining roofing. Maintain integrity of waterproof membranes, where penetrated.
C. Position roof drains for easy accessibility and maintenance.
3.6 INTERCEPTOR INSTALLATION
A. General: Comply with unit manufacturer's written installation instructions and with
local authority for trapping and venting.
B. Install units with clear space for servicing.
C. Install waste piping, flow control fitting, vent piping, and accessories as required.
D. Install cleanout immediately downstream of interceptor units not having integral
cleanout on outlet.
3.7 CONNECTIONS
A. Supply Runouts to Fixtures: Install hot- and cold-water supply piping runouts to
fixtures of sizes indicated, but not smaller than required by plumbing code.
B. Drainage Runouts to Fixtures: Provide drainage and vent piping runouts to
plumbing fixtures and drains, with approved trap, of sizes indicated, but not smaller
than required by plumbing code.
C. Locate drainage piping runouts as close as possible to bottom of floor slab
supporting fixtures or drains.
D. Interceptor Connections: Connect piping, flow control fittings, vents, and
accessories as required.
10/16/00 65
3.8 COMMISSIONING
A. Preparation: Perform the following checks before start-up:
1. Systems tests are complete.
2. Damaged and defective specialties and accessories have been replaced or
repaired.
3. There is clear space for servicing of specialties.
B. Before operating systems, perform these steps:
1. Close drain valves, hydrants, and hose bibbs.
2. Open valves to full open position.
3. Remove and clean strainers.
4. Verify drainage and vent piping are clear of obstructions. Flush with water
until clear.
C. Starting Procedures: Follow manufacturer's written procedures.
3.10 ADJUSTING
A. Adjust operation and correct deficiencies discovered during commissioning.
3.11 DEMONSTRATION
A. Train Owner's maintenance personnel on procedures related to startup and servicing
of interceptors.
3.12 PROTECTION
A. Protect drains during construction period to avoid clogging with dirt and debris and
to prevent damage from traffic and construction work.
B. Place plugs in ends of uncompleted piping at end of day or when work stops.
10/16/2000 66
SECTION 15453 - WATER DISTRIBUTION PUMPS
THIS SECTION USES THE TERM ARCHITECT. CHANGE THIS TERM AS
NECESSARY TO MATCH THE ACTUAL TERM USED TO IDENTIFY THE
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following types of water distribution pumps for plumbing
systems:
1. In-line circulators.
2. In-line pumps.
3. End-suction pumps.
B. Related Sections: The following Sections contain requirements that relate to this
Section:
1. Division 15 Section "Meters and Gages" for pressure gages.
2. Division 15 Section "Motors" for pump motors.
3. Division 15 Section "Vibration Control" for inertia pads, isolation pads,
spring supports, and spring hangers.
4. Division 15 Section "Plumbing Piping" for piping not specified in this
Section.
5. Division 16 Sections for power-supply wiring, field-installed disconnects,
required electrical devices, and motor controllers.
1.2 PUMP PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Pump Pressure Ratings: At least equal to system maximum operating pressure at
point where installed.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data including certified performance curves, weights (shipping, installed,
and operating), furnished specialties, and accessories. Include startup instructions.
B. Maintenance data, three copies required, for each type and size pump specified to
include in the "Operating and Maintenance Manual".
15453 WATER DISTRIBUTION PUMPS
10/16/00 67
A. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with provisions of the following:
1. ASME B31.9 "Building Services Piping" for piping materials and
installation.
2. H.I. "Hydraulic Institute Standards for Centrifugal, Rotary and
Reciprocating Pumps" for pump design, manufacture, and installation.
3. UL 778 "Standard for Motor Operated Water Pumps" for construction
requirements. Include UL listing and labelling.
4. NEMA MG 1 "Standard for Motors and Generators" for electric motors.
Include NEMA listing and labelling.
5. NFPA 70 "National Electrical Code" for electrical components and
installation.
B. Single-Source Responsibility: Obtain same type of pumps from a single
manufacturer with pumps, components, and accessories from a single source.
Include responsibility and accountability to answer and resolve problems regarding
compatibility, installation, performance, and acceptance of pumps.
A. Store pumps in a clean, dry location.
B. Retain shipping flange protective covers and protective coatings during storage.
C. Protect bearings and couplings against damage from sand, grit, or other foreign
matter.
D. Comply with pump manufacturer's rigging instructions for handling.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Available Manufacturers: Bell & Gossett Division, ITT Fluid Technology
Corporation.
2.2 PUMPS, GENERAL
A. Water Distribution Pumps: Factory assembled and tested.
B. Capacities and Characteristics: As indicated.
C. Motors: NEMA MG 1; single, multiple, or variable speed with type of enclosure
and electrical characteristics indicated. Include built-in thermal-overload protection
and grease-lubricated ball bearings. Motors are non-overloading within full range
of pump performance curves.
10/16/00 68
D. Finish: Manufacturer's standard paint applied to factory-assembled and -tested
plumbing pump units before shipping.
E. Manufacturer's Preparation for Shipping: Clean flanges and exposed machined
metal surfaces and treat with anticorrosion compound after assembly and testing.
Protect flanges, pipe openings, and nozzles with wooden flange covers or with
screwed-in plugs.
2.3 IN-LINE CIRCULATORS
A. General Description: Horizontal, in line, centrifugal, single stage, rated for 125-
psig (860kPa) minimum working pressure and 225 deg F (107 deg C) continuous
water temperature.
B. All-Bronze, In-Line Circulator: Horizontal, in line, centrifugal, single stage, all
bronze, with radially split case design.
1. Casing: Bronze, with threaded companion flanges for piping connections
smaller than 2-1/2 inches (65 mm), and threaded gage tappings at inlet and
outlet connections.
2. Impeller: Cast bronze, statically and dynamically balanced, closed,
overhung, single suction, and keyed to shaft.
3. Shaft and Sleeve: Steel shaft with oil-lubricated bronze sleeve.
4. Mechanical Seals: Carbon steel rotating ring, stainless-steel spring, ceramic
seat, and flexible bellows and gasket.
5. Pump Bearings: Oil-lubricated bronze sleeve bearings.
6. Motor Bearings: Oil-lubricated sleeve bearings.
7. Shaft Coupling: Flexible, capable of absorbing torsional vibration and shaft
misalignment.
8. Motor: Resiliently mounted to the pump casing.
C. Compact, In-Line Circulator: Leakproof, in-line, sealless, volute-type pump.
Include pump and motor assembled on a common shaft in a hermetically sealed
unit, without stuffing boxes or mechanical seals. Lubricate sleeve bearing and cool
motor by circulating pumped liquid through motor section. Isolate motor section
from motor stator windings with a corrosion-resistant, nonmagnetic alloy liner.
1. Casing: Cast bronze, with stainless-steel liner and static O-ring seal to
separate motor section from motor stator, and flanged piping connections.
2. Impeller: Overhung, single-suction, closed or open nonmetallic impeller.
3. Shaft and Sleeve: Stainless-steel shaft with carbon-steel bearing sleeve.
4. Motor: Multispeed.
2.4 IN-LINE PUMPS
A. General Description: In line, centrifugal, separately coupled, single-stage, with
mechanical seals, and rated for 125-psig (860kPa) working pressure and 225 deg F
(107 deg C) continuous water temperature.
10/16/00 69
B. Horizontal, In-Line Pumps: All bronze, made for horizontal mounting.
1. Casing: Bronze, with threaded companion flanges for piping connections
outlet connections.
2. Impeller: ASTM B 36/B 36M rolled brass or ASTM B 584 cast bronze,
statically and dynamically balanced, closed, overhung, single suction, and
keyed to shaft.
3. Shaft and Sleeve: Steel shaft, with oil-lubricated copper sleeve.
4. Mechanical Seals: Carbon-steel rotating ring, stainless-steel spring, ceramic
seat, and Buna-N bellows and gasket. Include flinger on motor shaft
between motor and seals to prevent liquid that leaks past pump seals from
entering the motor bearings.
5. Pump Bearings: Oil-lubricated bronze journal and thrust bearings.
6. Motor Bearings: Oil-lubricated sleeve bearings.
7. Shaft Coupling: Flexible, capable of absorbing torsional vibration and shaft
misalignment.
8. Motor: Resiliently mounted to the pump casing.
C. Vertical, In-Line Pumps: Bronze fitted, made for vertical mounting.
1. Casing: Cast iron, with threaded companion flanges for piping connections
outlet connections.
2. Impeller: Statically and dynamically balanced, closed, overhung, single
suction, ASTM B 584 cast bronze, and keyed to shaft.
3. Wearing Rings: Removable bronze casing ring.
4. Pump Shaft and Sleeve: Ground and polished steel shaft with bronze sleeve
and integral thrust bearing. Include flinger on motor shaft between motor
and seals to prevent liquid that leaks past pump seals from entering the
motor bearings.
5. Mechanical Seals: Carbon-steel rotating ring, stainless-steel spring, ceramic
seat, and flexible bellows and gasket.
6. Motor: Directly mounted to pump casing, with lifting and supporting lugs
in top of motor enclosure.
2.5 END-SUCTION PUMPS
A. General Description: Centrifugal, close-coupled, end-suction, single-stage, all-
bronze, radially split case design, rated for 175-psig (1200kPa) working pressure
and 225 deg F (107 deg C) continuous water temperature. Include back-pull-out
design, except where other design is indicated.
B. Casing: Bronze, with flanged piping connections, and threaded gage tappings at
inlet and outlet flange connections.
C. Impeller: ASTM B 584 cast bronze, statically and dynamically balanced, closed,
overhung, single suction, keyed to shaft, and secured by a locking cap screw.
10/16/00 70
D. Wearing Rings: Replaceable bronze casing ring.
E. Pump Shaft and Sleeve Bearings: Steel shaft with bronze sleeve. Include flinger on
motor shaft between motor and seals to prevent liquid that leaks past pump seals
from entering the motor bearings.
F. Mechanical Seals: Carbon-steel rotating ring, stainless-steel spring, ceramic seat,
and flexible bellows and gasket.
G. Motor: Directly mounted to pump casing with supporting legs as an integral part of
motor enclosure.
H. Include the following pump specialties with end connections matching pump and
piping where indicated:
1. Suction Diffuser: Angle or straight pattern, 175-psig (1200kPa) pressure
rating, cast-iron body and end cap, pump-inlet fitting. Include bronze
startup and bronze or stainless-steel permanent strainers; bronze or stainless-
steel straightening vanes; drain plug; and factory- or field-fabricated
support.
2.6 GENERAL-DUTY VALVES
A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Valves" for general-duty gate, ball, butterfly, globe,
and check valves.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine areas, equipment foundations, and conditions with Installer present for
compliance with requirements for installation and other conditions affecting
performance of plumbing pumps. Do not proceed with installation until
unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
B. Examine roughing-in of plumbing piping systems to verify actual locations of
piping connections prior to pump installation.
3.2 CONCRETE
A. Install concrete bases for base-mounted pumps.
3.3 INSTALLATION
A. Install pumps according to the manufacturer's written installation instructions.
10/16/00 71
B. Install pumps in locations indicated and arrange to provide access for periodic
maintenance, including removal of motors, impellers, couplings, and accessories.
C. Support pumps and piping so that weight of piping is not supported by pumps.
D. Suspend horizontal, in-line pumps independent from piping. Use continuous-thread
hanger rods and vibration isolation hangers of sufficient size to support weight of
pumps. Fabricate brackets or supports as required for pumps.
E. Suspend vertical, in-line pumps independent from piping. Use continuous-thread
hanger rods and vibration isolation hangers of sufficient size to support weight of
pumps.
F. End-Suction Pumps: Install on concrete bases.
3.4 CONNECTIONS
A. Connect piping to pumps as indicated. Install valves that are same size as piping
connecting to pumps.
B. Install suction and discharge pipe sizes equal to or greater than diameter of pump
nozzles.
C. Install shutoff valve and strainer on suction side of in-line pumps and circulators.
D. Install shutoff valve and suction diffuser on suction side of end-suction pumps.
E. Install check valve and throttling valve on discharge side of in-line pumps and
circulators.
F. Install check valve and throttling valve on discharge side of end-suction pumps.
G. Install flexible pipe connectors on suction and discharge of end-suction pumps.
Install flexible pipe connectors upstream from pump suction diffusers and strainers,
and between pump casings and discharge valves.
H. Install pressure gage across suction and discharge of each pump. Install at integral
pressure gage tappings where provided and include isolation valve in supply and
discharge line to gage.
I. Electrical power and control wiring and connections are specified in Division 16
Sections.
A. Check suction piping connections for tightness to avoid drawing air into pumps.
B. Clean strainers on pump suction piping.
10/16/00 72
C. Pump Controls: Set pump controls for automatic start, stop, and alarm operation.
3.6 COMMISSIONING
A. Final Checks Before Startup: Perform the following preventive maintenance
operations and checks before startup:
1. Lubricate oil-lubricated-type bearings.
2. Remove grease-lubricated bearing covers and fill with new lubricant
according to manufacturer's recommendations.
3. Disconnect couplings and check motors for proper rotation. Rotation shall
match direction of rotation marked on pump casing.
4. Check that pumps are free to rotate by hand.. Do not operate pump if bound
or if it drags even slightly until cause of trouble is determined and corrected.
5. Check that pump controls are correct for required application.
B. Starting procedure for pumps with shutoff power not exceeding safe motor power:
1. Prime pumps by opening suction valves and closing drains, and prepare
pumps for operation.
2. Open the liquid supply valves if pumps are so fitted.
3. Start motors.
4. Open discharge valves slowly.
5. Check general mechanical operation of pumps and motors.
6. Remove startup strainers from suction diffusers and install permanent
strainers after system has been in operation.
10/16/2000 73
SECTION 15457 - WATER SOFTENERS
THIS SECTION USES TERM "ARCHITECT." CHANGE TERM AS NECESSARY TO
MATCH ACTUAL TERM USED TO IDENTIFY DESIGN PROFESSIONAL AS
DEFINED IN GENERAL AND SUPPLEMENTARY CONDITIONS.
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and
Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this
Section.
B. Requirements of the following Division 15 Sections apply to this Section:
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes commercial water softening equipment.
1. Control wiring between field-installed controls, indicating devices, and unit
control panels.
Section:
1. Division 3 Section "Concrete Work" for formwork, reinforcement, and
concrete for concrete bases.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and
Division 1 Specification Sections.
1. Product data including rated capacities of selected models, weights
(shipping, installed, and operating), furnished specialties, and accessories.
2. Wiring diagrams detailing field-installed wiring for controls.
3. Maintenance data for inclusion in Operating and Maintenance Manual
specified in Division 1 and Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical
Requirements."
15457 WATER SOFTENERS
10/16/00 74
A. ASME Code Compliance: Provide water softener tanks that comply with ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, and bear the appropriate
code symbol.
B. NSF Standard: Provide water softeners constructed in accordance with NSF No. 44
"Standard for Cation Exchange Water Softeners."
C. Mineral Standard: Provide mineral (resin) products acceptable under state and local
public health control regulations.
D. Electrical Component Standard: Provide components complying with NFPA 70
"National Electrical Code."
E. Listing and Labeling: Provide water softening equipment that is listed or labeled.
1. The terms "listed" and "labeled" shall be as defined in the National
Electrical Code, Article 100.
F. Manufacturer/Product Selection: The Drawings indicate sizes, profiles, and
dimensional requirements of water softeners. Water softeners having equal
performance characteristics with deviations from indicated dimensions and profiles
may be considered, provided deviations do not change the design concept or
intended performance. The burden of proof of equality is on the proposer.
G. Manufacturer/Product Selection: The Drawings indicate sizes, profiles, and
dimensional requirements of water softeners and are based on the specific types and
models indicated. Water softeners having equal performance characteristics by
other manufacturers may be considered provided that deviations in dimensions and
profiles do not change the design concept or intended performance as judged by the
Architect. The burden of proof of equality is on the proposer.
1.5 WARRANTY
A. Provide standard product warranty for water softeners covering:
1. Attrition loss of mineral not to exceed 3 percent per year for first 3 years.
2. Mineral not to be washed out of system during service run or backwashing
period.
3. Effluent turbidity not to be greater and color not to be darker than incoming
water.
4. Underdrain system, gravel, and mineral not to become fouled, either with
turbidity or by dirt, rust, or scale from softening system, or present in soft
water, while operating as noted in manufacturer's operating instructions.
1.6 MAINTENANCE SERVICE
10/16/00 75
A. Agreement to Maintain: Prior to Substantial Completion, submit 4 copies of
Manufacturer's "Agreement for Continued Service and Maintenance" for water
softener, for Owner's acceptance. Offer terms and conditions for furnishing
chemicals and providing continued testing and servicing to include replacing
materials and equipment. Term of agreement shall be for 1 year with option for
one-year renewal.
1.7 EXTRA MATERIALS
A. Furnish extra materials listed below, matching installed products, packaged with
protective covering for storage, and identified with labels clearly describing
contents.
1. Salt: Furnish salt in total quantity of not less than 4 times original brine tank
load, and not less than 1000 lb. Deliver in 50-lb bags on pallets. Store
where directed by Owner.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers
offering products that may be incorporated in the Work include, but are not limited
to, the following:
B. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one
of the following:
1. A.T.S. Sales, Inc.
2. Bruner Corp.
3. Culligan International Co.
4. Di-Sep Systems International, Inc.
5. Ionics, Inc.
6. Permutit Co., Inc.; Sub. of Zurn Industries, Inc.
7. RainSoft Water Conditioning Co.
2.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
A. Factory-assembled, pressure-type, commercial water softeners having capacities
and for electrical characteristics indicated.
2.3 SOFTENER TANKS
A. General: Single or multiple tanks as indicated, to provide total capacity of system.
10/16/00 76
B. Steel Tanks: Electric-welded, pressure-vessel quality, low carbon steel, ASME
labeled for 100 psig, and hydrostatically tested at 150 psig.
1. Tanks Less Than 36 Inches In Diameter: With two 4 inch-diameter or 4- by
6-inch elliptical handholes, one in top head and one in lower side wall.
2. Tanks 36 Inches In Diameter and Larger: With minimum of 11- by 15-inch
manhole in top head.
3. Support Legs: Constructed of structural steel, welded to lower tank head.
4. Finish: Hot-dip galvanized, exterior and interior of tank after fabrication.
5. Finish: Spray-painted exterior with rust-resistant prime coat, 2 to 3 mils dry
film thickness. Sandblasted tank interior and lined with epoxy polyamide
coating, 8 to 10 mils dry film thickness.
C. Fiberglass Tanks: Fiberglass, ASME labeled for 100 psig, and hydrostatically
tested at 150 psig.
1. Tank Liner: Polyethylene, ABS, or other material suitable for potable
water.
D. Freeboard: Provide minimum freeboard of 50 percent for backwash expansion
above normal ion exchange mineral bed level.
2.4 SOFTENER TANK DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
A. Upper Distribution: Single point-type upper distribution system, fabricated of
Schedule 40, galvanized steel pipe and fittings.
B. Lower Distribution: Hub and radial-arm type or header-lateral type lower
distribution system, fabricated of Schedule 40, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe with
individual, fine-slotted, nonclogging polyethylene (PE) strainers, arranged for even
flow distribution through resin bed.
2.5 CHEMICALS
A. Exchange Resin: High-capacity exchange resin of sulfonated polystyrene, stable
over entire pH range with good resistance to bead fracture from attrition or shock.
Provide resin having capacity of removing 30,000 grains of hardness as calcium
carbonate, per cubic foot of resin, when regenerated with 15 pounds of salt.
B. Salt: High-purity pellet salt. Rock salt and granulated salt forms are not
acceptable.
2.6 BRINE TANKS
A. Description: Single brine measuring and dry salt storage tank of sufficient size for
at least 4 regenerations at full salting. Tank shall be fabricated of 3/16-inch-thick
fiberglass or 3/8-inch-thick molded polyethylene, with cover; equipped with salt
10/16/00 77
platform and screen, float-operated, plastic-fitted, brine valve for automatic control
of brine withdrawn and fresh water refill, and brine tubing and fittings.
2.7 CONTROLS
A. General Description: Provide cycle controls, factory mounted and wired on units,
that incorporate adjustable duration of various steps of regeneration. Provide push-
button start as well as complete manual operation. Provide electric time clock and
switch for fully automatic operation adjustable to initiate regeneration at any hour
of day and any day of week or at fixed intervals.
B. Sequence of Operation: Program multiport pilot control valve to automatically
pressure actuate main operating valve through steps of regeneration and return to
service. Provide pointer on pilot valve to indicate cycle of operation. Provide
means of manual operation of pilot control valve in event of power failure.
C. Main Operating Valve: Industrial, automatic, multiport, diaphragm- type valve
with following features:
1. Slow opening and closing (nonslam operation).
2. Diaphragm guiding on full perimeter from full open to full shut.
3. Dissimilar metals isolated within valve.
4. Internal automatic self-adjusting brine injector to draw brine and rinse at
constant rate independent of pressure.
5. Single-unit valves with internal automatic bypass of untreated water during
regeneration.
6. Soft water sampling cock.
7. Requires no special tools for service.
D. Flow Control: Automatic flow controller to control proper backwash and flush
rates over wide variations in operating pressures; requires no field adjustments.
E. Meter Controls: Equip each softener tank with signal register head water meter,
that will produce electrical signal to indicate need for regeneration upon reaching
hand-set gallonage. Design so signal will continue until reset.
F. Meter Controls: Equip each softener tank with automatic reset head water meter
that will electrically activate signal-activated cycle controller to initiate regeneration
at preset gallonage. Design so head will automatically reset to preset gallonage for
next service run.
1. Provide electrical lockouts on multiple units to prevent more than one unit
from regenerating simultaneously.
H. Meter Controls: Equip twin softener with single water meter in common outlet
header that will automatically regenerate softener at preset gallonage and divert
flow to other unit.
10/16/00 78
2.8 ACCESSORIES
A. Pressure gages for hard water inlet and soft water outlet.
B. Sampling cocks for hard water inlet and soft water outlet for each tank.
C. Position indicator to indicate position of main operating valve.
2.9 WATER TESTING SETS
A. Provide complete water testing set for each water softener, for hardness tests, in
metal container suitable for wall mounting.
2.10 CONCRETE BASES
A. Construct concrete equipment bases of dimensions indicated.
B. Concrete: Portland cement mix, 4000 psi:
1. Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I.
2. Fine Aggregate: ASTM C 33, sand.
3. Coarse Aggregate: ASTM C 33, crushed gravel.
C. Reinforcement: Steel conforming to the following:
1. Fabric: ASTM A 185, welded wire fabric, plain.
2. Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615, Grade 60, deformed.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 CONCRETE BASES
A. Form concrete equipment bases having permanent steel frame, using steel channels
conforming to ASTM A 36, size and location as indicated. Miter and weld corners
and provide cross bracing. Anchor or key to floor slab.
B. Install reinforcing bars tied to frame, and place anchor bolts and sleeves using
manufacturer's installation template.
C. Form concrete equipment bases using framing lumber with form release
compounds. Chamfer top edges and corners.
D. Install reinforcing bars, and place anchor bolts and sleeves using manufacturer's
installation template.
E. Place concrete and allow to cure before installation of equipment.
10/16/00 79
F. Clean exposed steel frames and apply 2 coats of rust-preventative metal primer and
2 coats of exterior, gloss, alkyd enamel in color selected by the Architect.
3.2 WATER SOFTENER INSTALLATION
A. Install water softening equipment level and plumb, on concrete bases in accordance
with manufacturer's written instructions, layout drawings, the original design, and
referenced standards. Maintain manufacturer's recommended clearances. Orient so
controls and devices needing servicing are accessible.
B. Install pressure gages on water inlet and outlet piping of each water softener.
Pressure gages are specified in Division 15 Section "Meters and Gages."
C. Install water testing sets near water softeners, wall-mounted, where indicated.
3.3 CONNECTIONS
A. Water Distribution Piping: Piping installation requirements are specified in
Division 15 Section "Water Distribution Piping." The Drawings indicate the
general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties. The following are specific
connection requirements:
1. Install piping adjacent to equipment to allow servicing and maintenance.
2. Connect water piping to units with shutoff valves and unions and provide
full-size valved bypass around unit.
a. Where water connections are made with dissimilar metal water
distribution piping, make connections with dielectric fittings or
dielectric unions specified in Division 15 Section "Basic Piping
Materials and Methods."
3. Install drains as indirect wastes to spill into open drains or over floor drains.
B. Install brine lines and fittings furnished by manufacturer but not specified to be
factory mounted.
C. Electrical Connections: Power wiring, including disconnect switches, is specified
in Division 16.
1. Grounding: Connect unit components to ground in accordance with the
National Electrical Code.
A. Sample water softener effluent at one week intervals after start-up, for period of 3
weeks and prepare certified test report for each required water performance
characteristic. Comply with the following ASTM standards:
1. ASTM D 859-80, "Test Methods for Silica in Water."
10/16/00 80
2. ASTM D 1067-82, "Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water."
3. ASTM D 1068-87, "Test Methods for Iron in Water."
4. ASTM D 1126-86, "Test Methods for Hardness in Water."
5. ASTM D 1129-82b, "Definitions of Terms Relating to Water."
6. ASTM D 1888-78, "Test Methods for Particulate and Dissolved Matter in
Water."
7. ASTM D 3370-82, "Practices for Sampling Water."
3.5 DEMONSTRATION
A. Start-Up Services: Provide the services of a factory-authorized service
representative to provide start-up service and to demonstrate and train Owner's
maintenance personnel as specified below.
1. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged and malfunctioning
controls and equipment.
2. Train Owner's maintenance personnel on procedures and schedules related
to start-up and shutdown, troubleshooting, servicing, and preventative
maintenance. Provide log sheets for recording this information.
3. Review data in Operating and Maintenance Manuals. Refer to Division 1
Section "Project Closeout."
4. Schedule training with at least 7 days' advance notice.
3.6 COMMISSIONING
A. Perform the following before start-up final checks:
1. Water piping systems tests completed.
2. Load Softener Tank: Install gravel to cover lower distribution system, add
water; smooth gravel surface and add softening mineral.
3. Load Brine Tank: Add water and fill tank with salt.
4. Check for piping connections leaks.
5. Test operation of safety controls and devices.
B. Perform the following start-up procedures:
1. Energize circuits.
2. Adjust operating controls.
3. Fill out initial log sheet.
10/16/2000 81
SECTION 15510 - HYDRONIC PIPING
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. The following Division-15 Sections apply to this Section:
1. Basic Mechanical Requirements.
2. Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods.
3. General Duty Valves.
4. Support and Anchors.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes piping systems and specialties for hot water heating, chilled
water cooling, condenser water, make-up water for these systems, blow-down drain
lines, and condensate drain piping.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data, three copies required, including rated capacities, weights (shipping
and installed) of furnished specialties and accessories including installation
instructions.
B. Maintenance Data, three copies required, for specialties and valves, for inclusion in
operating and maintenance manuals.
A. Regulatory Requirements:
1. ASME B 31.9 "Building Services Piping" for materials, products, and
ASME label.
2. Stamp air separators and compression tanks to comply with ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
3. ASME "Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code", Section IX, "Welding and
Brazing Qualification".
4. BOCA Basic National Mechanical Code.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
15510 HYDRONIC PIPING
10/16/00 82
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide hydronic piping
system products from one of the following:
1. Safety Relief Valves:
a. Spence.
b. Bell & Gossett ITT
2. Pressure Reducing Valves:
a. Spence.
b. Armstrong Pumps, Inc.
c. Bell & Gossett ITT; Fluid Handling Div.
3. Air Separators:
a. Amtrol, Inc.
d. Taco, Inc.
4. Compression Tanks:
a. Amtrol, Inc.
5. Diaphragm-Type Compression Tanks:
a. Amtrol, Inc.
c. Bell & Gossett ITT
6. Pump Suction Diffusers:
a. Bell & Gossett ITT; Fluid Handling Div.
7. Calibrated Balance Valves:
a. Bell & Gossett ITT; Fluids Handling Div.
2.2 PIPE AND TUBING MATERIALS
A. Temper Copper Tubing: ASTM B 88, Type L.
B. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 120, Schedule 40, seamless, black steel pipe.
2.3 FITTINGS
A. Cast-Iron Threaded Fittings: ANSI B16.4, Class 125, standard pattern, for threaded
joints. Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
B. Malleable-Iron Threaded Fittings: ANSI B16.3, Class 150, standard pattern, for
threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
C. Steel Fittings: ASTM A 234, seamless or welded, for welded joints.
10/16/00 83
D. Wrought-Copper Fittings: ANSI B16.22, streamlined pattern.
E. Steel Flanges and Flanged Fittings: ANSI B16.5, including bolts, nuts, and gaskets
of the following material group, end connection and facing:
1. Material Group: 1.1.
2. End Connections: Butt Welding.
3. Facings: Raised face.
F. Unions: ANSI B16.39 malleable-iron, Class 150, hexagonal stock, with ball-and-
socket joints, metal-to-metal bronze seating surfaces; female threaded ends.
Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
G. Dielectric Unions: Threaded or soldered end connections for the pipe materials in
which installed; constructed to isolate dissimilar metals, prevent galvanic action,
and prevent corrosion.
H. Flexible Connectors: Stainless steel bellows with woven flexible bronze wire
reinforcing protective jacket; minimum 150 psig working pressure, maximum 250
deg F operating temperature. Connectors shall have flanged or threaded end
connections to match equipment connected; and shall be capable of 3/4 inch
misalignment.
A. Solder Filler Metals: ASTM B 32, 95-5 Tin-Antimony, for condenser water, chilled
water,hot water heating, low pressure steam piping, make-up water and drain
piping.
B. Welding Materials: Comply, with Section II, Part C. ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code for welding materials appropriate for the wall thickness and chemical
analysis of the pipe being welded.
E. Gasket Material: thickness, material, and type suitable for fluid to be handled, and
2.5 GENERAL DUTY VALVES
A. General duty valves (i.e., gate, globe, check, ball, and butterfly valves) are specified
in Division 15 Section "General Duty Valves." Special duty valves are specified
below by their generic name; refer to Part 3 Article "VALVE APPLICATION" for
specific uses and applications for each valve specified.
2.6 SPECIAL DUTY VALVES
10/16/00 84
A. Pressure Reducing Valves: diaphragm operated, cast-iron or brass body valve, with
low inlet pressure check valve, inlet strainer removable without system shut-down,
and noncorrosive valve seat and stem. Select valve size, capacity, and operating
pressure to suit system. Valve shall be factory-set at operating pressure and have
the capability for field adjustment.
B. Safety Relief Valves: 125 psig working pressure and 250 deg F maximum
operating temperature; designed, manufactured, tested, and labeled in accordance
with the requirements of Section IV of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Valve body shall be cast-iron, with all wetted internal working parts made of brass
and rubber. Select valve to suit actual system pressure and Btu capacity.
2.7 HYDRONIC SPECIALTIES
A. Compression Tanks: size and number as indicated; construct of welded carbon
steel for 125 psig working pressure, 375 deg F maximum operating temperature.
Provide taps in bottom of tank for tank fitting; taps in end of tank for gauge glass.
Tank with taps constructed shall be tested and labeled in accordance with ASME
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1. Furnish with the following fittings
and accessories:
1. Air Control Tank Fitting: cast-iron body, copper-plated tube, brass vent
tube plug, and stainless steel ball check (100 gallon unit only); sized for
compression tank diameter. Design tank fittings for 125 psig working
pressure and 250 deg F maximum operating temperature.
2. Tank Drain Fitting: brass body, nonferrous internal parts; 125 psig working
pressure and 240 deg F maximum operating temperature. Fitting shall be
designed to admit air to the compression tank and drain water, plus close off
the system.
3. Gauge Glass: full height and have dual manual shutoff valves, 3/4 inch
diameter gauge glass, and slotted metal glass guard.
B. Diaphragm-Type Compression Tanks: size and number as indicated; construct of
welded carbon steel for 125 psig working pressure, 375 deg F maximum operating
temperature. Separate air charge from system water to maintain design expansion
capacity, by means of a flexible diaphragm securely sealed into tank. Provide taps
for pressure gauge and air charging fitting, and drain fitting. Support vertical tanks
with steel legs or base; support horizontal tanks with steel saddles. Tank, with taps
and supports, shall be constructed, tested, and labeled in accordance with ASME
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
C. Air separator: welded black steel; ASME constructed and labeled for minimum 125
psig water working pressure and 375 F operating temperature; perforated stainless
steel air collector tube designed to direct released air into compression tank;
tangential inlet and outlet connections; screwed connections up to and including 2"
NPS; flanged connections for 1-1/2" NPS and above; threaded blowdown
connection; sized as indicated for full system flow capacity.
10/16/00 85
D. Pump Suction Diffusers: cast-iron body, with threaded connections for 2 inch and
smaller, flanged connections for 2-1/2 inch and larger; 175 psig working pressure,
300 deg F maximum operating temperature; and complete with the following
features:
1. Inlet vanes with length 2-1/2 times pump suction diameter or greater.
2. Cylinder strainer with 3/16 inch diameter openings with total free area equal
to or greater than 5 times cross-sectional area of pump suction, designed to
withstand pressure differential equal to pump shutoff head.
3. Disposable fine mesh strainer to fit over cylinder strainer.
4. Permanent magnet, located in flow stream, removable for cleaning.
5. Adjustable foot support, designed to carry weight of suction piping.
6. Blowdown tapping in bottom; gauge tapping in side.
E. Calibrated Balance Valves: Bronze body/brass ball construction with TFE seatings;
differential pressure readout ports with internal EPT insert and check valve,
drain/purge port; leak tight closure and lockable memory stop; 2 and smaller sweat
connection, 200 psig at 250 degrees F rating. Valves 21/2 and larger shall be
flanged with cast iron bodies rated at 175 psig at 250 degrees F.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
A. Install Type L, drawn copper tubing with wrought copper fittings and solder joints
for 2 inch and smaller, above ground, within building. Install Type K, annealed
temper copper tubing for 2 inch and smaller without joints, below ground or within
slabs.
B. Install steel pipe with threaded joints and fittings for 2 inch and smaller, and with
welded joints for 2-1/2 inch and larger.
3.2 PIPING INSTALLATIONS
A. Locations and Arrangements: Drawings (plans, schematics, and diagrams) indicate
the general location and arrangement of piping systems. Locations and
arrangements of piping take into consideration pipe sizing and friction loss,
expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. As far as practical, install
piping as indicated.
B. Use fittings for all changes in direction and all branch connections.
C. Install exposed piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs
are not permitted unless expressly indicated.
D. Conceal all pipe installations in walls, pipe chases, utility spaces, above ceilings,
10/16/00 86
E. Install piping tight to slabs, beams, joists, columns, walls, and other permanent
elements of the building. Provide space to permit insulation applications, with 1"
clearance outside the insulation. Allow sufficient space above removable ceiling
panels to allow for panel removal.
F. Locate groups of pipes parallel to each other, spaced to permit applying insulation
and servicing of valves.
G. Install drains at low points to mains, risers, and branch lines consisting of a tee
fitting, 3/4" ball valve, and short 3/4" threaded nipple and cap.
H. Exterior Wall Penetrations: Seal pipe penetrations through exterior walls using
sleeves and mechanical sleeve seals. Pipe sleeves smaller than 6 inch shall be steel;
pipe sleeves 6 inch and larger shall be sheet metal.
I. Fire Barrier Penetrations: Where pipes pass through fire rated walls, partitions,
ceilings, and floors, maintain the fire rated integrity. Refer to Division 7 for special
sealers and materials.
J. Make reductions in pipe sizes using eccentric reducer fitting installed with the level
side up.
K. Install unions in pipes 2 inch and smaller, adjacent to each valve, at final
connections each piece of equipment, and elsewhere as indicated. Unions are not
required on flanged devices.
L. Install dielectric unions to join dissimilar metals.
M. Install flanges on valves, apparatus, and equipment having 2-1/2 inch and larger
connections.
N. Install flexible connectors at inlet and discharge connections to pumps (except
inline pumps) and other vibration producing equipment.
O. Anchor piping to ensure proper direction of expansion and contraction.
A. General: Hanger, supports, and anchors devices are specified in Division 15
Section "SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS."
B. Install the following pipe attachments:
1. Adjustable steel clevis hangers for individual horizontal runs less than 20
feet in length.
2. Adjustable roller hangers and spring hangers for individual horizontal runs
20 feet or longer.
3. Pipe roller complete - MSS Type 44 for multiple horizontal runs, 20 feet or
longer, supported on a trapeze.
10/16/00 87
C. Hangers minimum rod sizes and maximum spacing are identified in Division 15
Section Supports and Anchors or as otherwise stipulated by design professional.
D. Support vertical runs at each floor.
3.4 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION
A. Soldered Joints: Comply with the procedures contained in the AWS "Soldering
Manual."
B. Brazed Joints: Comply with the procedures contained in the AWS "Brazing
Manual."
C. Threaded Joints: Conform to ANSI B1.20.1, tapered pipe threads for field cut
threads. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows:
4. Assemble joint wrench tight. Wrench on valve shall be on the valve end
into which the pipe is being threaded.
a. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe with threads which are corroded
or damaged. If a weld opens during cutting or threading operations,
that portion of pipe shall not be used.
D. Welded Joints: Comply with the requirement in ASME Code B31.9-"Building
Services Piping."
E. Flanged Joints: Align flanged surfaces parallel. Assemble joints by sequencing
bolt tightening to make initial contact of flanges and gaskets as flat and parallel as
uniformly using torque wrench.
3.5 VALVE APPLICATIONS
A. General Duty Valve Applications:
1. Shut-off duty: use ball, and butterfly valves
2. Throttling duty: use ball, and butterfly valves
3. Install shut-off duty valves at each branch connection to supply mains, at
supply connection to each piece of equipment, and elsewhere as indicated.
B. Install calibrated balance valves on the outlet of each heating or cooling element
and elsewhere as required to facilitate system balancing.
10/16/00 88
C. Install check valves on each pump discharge and elsewhere as required to control
flow direction.
D. Install safety relief valves on hot water generators, and elsewhere as required by
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Pipe discharge to floor without valves.
Comply with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 1 for
installation requirements.
E. Install manual ball valve vents a high points in system, at heat transfer coils and
elswhere as required to vent air from system.
3.6 HYDRONIC SPECIALTIES INSTALLATION
A. Install manual air vents at high points in the system, at heat transfer coils, and
elsewhere as required for system air venting. Use tee fitting with ball valve and
hose fitting (all size).
B. Install inline air separators in pump suction lines. Run piping to compression tank
with 1/4 inch per foot (2 percent) upward slope towards tank. Install drain valve on
units 2 inch and larger and run to drain.
C. Install pump suction diffusers on pump suction inlet, adjust foot support to carry
weight of suction piping. Install nipple and ball valve in blowdown connection; run
to nearest drain.
D. Install compression tanks above air separator. Install gauge glass and cocks on end
of tank. Install tank fitting in tank bottom and charge tank. Use manual vent for
initial fill to establish proper water level in tank.
1. Support tank as detailed on the Drawings. In the absence of details provide
support from the floor or structure above sufficient for the weight of the
tank, piping connections, and fittings, plus weight of water assuming a full
tank of water. Do not overload building components and structural
members.
E. Install diaphragm-type compression tanks on floor or as indicated. Vent and purge
air from hydronic system, charge tank with proper air charge to suit system design
requirements.
A. Testing : Test hydronic as follows:
1. Leave joints including welds uninsulated and exposed for examination
during the test.
10/16/00 89
2. Provide temporary restraints for expansion joints which cannot sustain the
reactions due to test pressure. If temporary restraints are not practical,
isolate expansion joints from testing.
3. Flush system with clear water. Clean strainers.
4. Isolate equipment that is not to be subjected to the test pressure from the
piping. If a valve is used to isolate the equipment, its closure shall be
capable of sealing against the test pressure without damage to the valve.
Flanged joints at which blinds are inserted to isolate equipment need not be
tested.
5. Install relief valve set at a pressure no more than 1/3 higher than the test
pressure, to protect against damage by expansion of liquid or other source of
overpressure during the test.
B. Testing: Test hydronic piping as follows:
1. Subject piping system to a hydrostatic test pressure which at every point in
the system is not less than 1.5 times the design pressure. The test pressure
shall not exceed the maximum pressure for any vessel, pump, valve, or
other component in the system under test.
2. After the hydrostatic test pressure has been applied for at least 10 minutes,
examine piping, joints, and connections for leakage.
3. Use ambient water as testing medium, except where there is risk of damage
due to pressure
A. Clean and flush hydronic piping systems. Remove, clean, and replace strainer
screens. After cleaning and flushing hydronic piping system, but before balancing,
remove disposable fine mesh strainers in pump suction diffusers.
B. Mark calibrated name plates of pump discharge valves after hydronic system
balancing has been completed, to permanently indicate final balanced position.
10/16/2000 90
SECTION 15520 - STEAM AND CONDENSATE PIPING
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. The requirements of the following Division-15 Sections apply to this Section:
3. General Duty Valves.
4. Supports and Anchors.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. Includes low pressure steam and condensate piping and specialties for building
HVAC and domestic water heating systems. Steam supply pressure is nominally 60
PSIG; reduced to 15 PSIG.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data, 6 copies required.
B. Shop drawings, 3 copies required.
C. Maintenance data, 3 copies required.
A. Regulatory Requirements:
1. ASME B 31.9 "Building Services Piping: for materials, products, and
ASME label.
2. ASME "Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code", Section IX, "Welding and
Brazing Qualification" for qualifications for welding processes and
operators.
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
15520 STEAM AND CONDENSATE PIPING
10/16/00 91
A. Manufacturer: Steam and condensate piping system products from one of the
following:
1. Safety Pressure Relief Valves:
a. Armstrong Machine Works
b. Spence Engg. Co.
c. Lunkenheimer Co.
2. Pressure Reducing Valves:
a. Armstrong Machine Works
b. Hoffman Specialty ITT; Fluid Handling Div.
e. Spence Engineering Co., Inc.
3. Steam Traps:
a. Armstrong Machine Works.
4. Strainers:
a. Armstrong Machine Works.
b. Hoffman Specialty ITT; Fluid Handling Div.
c. Mueller Co.
2.2 PIPE AND TUBE MATERIALS
A. General: Refer to Part 3 below, Article "PIPE APPLICATION" for identification
of systems where the below specified pipe and fitting materials are used.
B. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 120, Schedule 40 and 80 for application as specified in Part 3
below, seamless, black steel pipe, with beveled ends.
2.3 FITTINGS
A. Cast-Iron Threaded Fittings: ANSI B16.4, Class 125, standard pattern, for threaded
joints. Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
B. Malleable-Iron Threaded Fittings: ANSI B16.3, Class 150, standard pattern, for
threaded joints. Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
C. Steel Fittings: ASTM A 234, seamless or welded, for welded joints.
D. Cast-Iron Threaded Flanges: ANSI B16.1, Class 125; raised ground face, bolt holes
spot faced. Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
E. Steel Flanges and Flanged Fittings: ANSI B16.5, including bolts, nuts, and gaskets
of the following material group, end connection and facing:
1. Material Group: 1.1.
2. End Connections: Butt Welding.
3. Facings: Raised face.
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F. Unions: ANSI B16.39, malleable iron, Class 150 hexagonal stock, with ball-and-
socket joints, metal-to-metal bronze seating surfaces; female threaded ends.
Threads shall conform to ANSI B1.20.1.
G. Dielectric Unions: Threaded end connections to suit steam and condensate service;
constructed to isolate dissimilar metals, prevent galvanic action, and prevent
corrosion.
A. Welding Materials: Comply, with Section II, Part C. ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code for welding materials appropriate for the wall thickness and chemical
analysis of the pipe being welded.
B. Pipe Flange Gasket Material: ANSI B16.21 full-faced for cast iron and cast bronze
flanges, and raised face for steel flanges. Thickness, material, and type suitable for
2.5 GENERAL DUTY VALVES
A. General duty valves (i.e., gate, globe, check, valves) are specified in Division 15
Section "General Duty Valves". Special duty valves are specified in this Article by
their generic name; refer to Part 3 below, Article "VALVE APPLICATION" for
specific uses and applications for each valve specified.
2.6 SAFETY VALVES
A. General: Select steam safety valves for full relief of capacity of equipment served,
in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Furnish complete with
cast iron drip-pan elbow having threaded inlet and outlet with threads (FPT)
conforming to ANSI B1.20.1; sized for full size of safety valve outlet connection.
B. Cast-Iron Safety Valves: cast iron body and bronze seat, Class 250; forged copper
alloy disc and nozzle; fully enclosed stainless steel spring having an adjustable
pressure range and positive shut-off; threaded end connections for valves 2 inch and
smaller, raised face flanged inlet and threaded outlet connections for valves 2-1/2
inch and larger. Factory-set valves to relieve at 10 psi above operating pressure.
2.7 PRESSURE REGULATING VALVES
A. General: Select pressure reducing valves of size, capacity, and pressure rating as
scheduled. Factory-set for inlet and outlet pressures as indicated.
B. Valves Characteristics: Pilot-actuated, diaphragm type, with adjustable pressure
range and positive shut-off; cast iron body with flanged end connections, hardened
stainless steel trim, and replaceable valve head and seat. Provide main head stem
10/16/00 93
guide fitted with flushing and pressure arresting device. Provide cover over pilot
diaphragm for protection against dirt accumulation.
2.8 STEAM TRAPS
A. Float and Thermostatic Traps: ASTM A 278, Class 30 cast iron body and bolted
cap; renewable, stainless steel float mechanism, with renewable, hardened stainless
steel head and seat; balanced pressure thermostatic air vent made of stainless steel
or monel bellows with stainless steel head and seat.
B. Inverted Bucket Traps: ASTM A 278, Class 30 cast iron body and cap, pressure
rated for 250 psi; stainless steel head and seat; stainless steel valve retainer, lever,
guide pin assembly, brass or stainless steel bucket.
1. Integral stainless steel inlet strainer within trap body.
2.9 STRAINERS
A. Y-Pattern Strainers: minimum 250 psig steam working pressure; cast iron body
conforming to ASTM A 278, Class 30; threaded connections for 2 inch and smaller,
flanged connections for 2-1/2 inch and larger; grade 18-8 stainless steel screen (20
mesh for 2 inch and smaller, and manufacturer recommended perforations for sizes
2-1/2 inch and larger); tapped blow-off with nipple, valve and plug.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
A. Install steel pipe with threaded joints and fittings for 2 inch and smaller, and with
welded joints for 2-1/2 inch and larger. Steam supply pipe shall be schedule 40.
Condensate return pipe shall be schedule 80.
A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawings, (plans, schematics, and diagrams)
indicate the general location and arrangement of the piping systems. Location and
arrangement of piping layout take into consideration pipe sizing and friction loss,
expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. As far as practical, install
piping as indicated. Refer to individual system specifications for requirements for
coordination drawing submittals.
B. Use fittings for all changes in direction and all branch connections.
C. Conceal all pipe installations in walls, pipe chases, utility spaces, above ceilings,
10/16/00 94
D. Install exposed piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs
are not permitted, unless expressly indicated.
E. Install piping free of sags or bends and with ample space between piping to permit
F. Install piping tight to slabs, beams, joists, columns, walls, and other permanent
elements of the building. Provide space to permit insulation applications, with 1
G. Locate groups of pipes parallel to each other, spaced to permit applying insulation
H. Install drains at low points in mains, risers, and branch lines consisting of a tee
fitting, 3/4 inch valve, and short 3/4 inch threaded nipple and cap.
I. Exterior Wall Penetrations: Where pipes pass through fire rated walls, partitions,
ceilings, and floors, maintain the fire rated integrity.
J. Install steam supply piping at a uniform grade of 1/4 inch in ten feet downward in
the direction of flow.
K. Install condensate return piping at a uniform grade of 1/2 inch in ten feet downward
in the direction of flow.
L. Install branch connections to supply mains using 45 degree fittings in main with
take-off out the top of the main. Use of 90 degree "tee" fittings is permissible,
where use of 45 degree fittings are not practical. Where the length of a branch
takeoff is less than 10 feet, pitch branch line down toward mains, 1/2 inch per 10
feet.
M. Make reductions in pipe sizes using eccentric reducer fitting installed with the level
side down.
N. Install unions in pipes 2 inch and smaller, adjacent to each valve, at final
connections to each piece of equipment, and elsewhere as indicated. Unions are not
required on flanged devices.
O. Install flanges on valves, apparatus, and equipment having 2-1/2 inch and larger
connections.
P. Install flexible connectors at inlet and discharge connections to vibration producing
equipment.
Q. Install strainers on the supply side of each control valve, pressure regulating valve,
solenoid valve, traps, and elsewhere as indicated. Install 3/4 inch NPS nipple and
ball valve in blow down connection of strainers 2 inch and larger. Use same size
nipple and valve as blow-off connection of strainer.
10/16/00 95
R. Anchor piping to ensure proper direction of expansion and contraction. Install
expansion loops and joints as indicated on the Drawings and specified in Division-
15 Section "Anchors and Supports."
S. Install drip legs at low points and natural drainage points in the system, such as at
the ends on mains, bottoms of risers, and ahead of pressure regulators, control
valves, isolation valves, pipe bends, and expansion joints.
1. On straight runs with no natural drainage points, install drip legs at intervals
not exceeding 200 feet where pipe is pitched down in the direction of the
steam flow and a maximum of 150 feet where the pipe is pitched up so that
condensate flow is opposite of steam flow.
2. Size drip legs at vertical risers full size and extend beyond the rise. Size
drip legs at other locations same diameter as the main. Provide an 18 inch
drip leg for steam mains smaller than 6 inch. In steam mains 6 inches and
larger, provide drip legs sized 2 pipe sizes smaller than the main, but not
less than 4 inches.
3. Drip legs, dirt pockets, and strainer blowdowns shall be equipped with gate
valves to allow removal of dirt and scale.
4. Install steam traps close to drip legs.
A. General: Hanger, supports, and anchors devices are specified in Division 15
Section "SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS." B. Install the following pipe
attachments:
feet in length.
2. Adjustable roller hangers and spring hangers for individual horizontal runs
20 feet or longer.
3. Pipe roller complete - MSS Type 44 for multiple horizontal runs, 20 feet or
longer, supported on a trapeze.
C. Install hangers with the minimum rod sizes and maximum spacing as identified in
division 15 section supports and anchors.
A. Welded Joints: Comply with the requirements in ASME Code B31.9 - "Building
Services Piping."
B. Threaded Joints: Conform to ANSI B1.20.1, tapered pipe threads for field cut
threads. Join pipe, fittings, and valves as follows:
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4. Assemble joint to appropriate thread depth. When using a wrench on valves
place the wrench on the valve end into which the pipe is being threaded.
5. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe with threads which are corroded or
otherwise damaged. If a weld opens during cutting or threading operations,
that portion of pipe shall not be used.
C. Flanged Joints: Align flanged surfaces parallel. Assemble joints by sequencing
bolt tightening to make initial contact of flanges and gaskets as flat and parallel as
uniformly to appropriate torque specified by the bolt manufacturer.
3.5 STEAM TRAP INSTALLATIONS
A. Install steam traps in accessible locations as close as possible to connected
equipment. Maximum allowable distance from equipment is 4 feet.
1. Unless otherwise indicated, install gate valve, strainer, and union upstream
from the trap; install union, check valve, and gate valve downstream from
trap.
3.6 VALVE APPLICATIONS
A. General Duty Valve Applications: The Drawings indicate valve types to be used.
Where specific valve types are not indicated, the following requirements apply:
1. Shut-off duty: use gate, valves
2. Throttling duty: use globe valves
3. Install shut-off duty valves at each branch connection to supply mains and
elsewhere as indicated.
4. Install throttling duty valves at supply connection to each piece of
equipment and elsewhere as indicated.
B. Install angle pattern globe valves on the supply side of each wall mounted terminal
unit. If unit has an enclosure, install the valve within the enclosure.
C. Install drain valves at low points in mains, risers, branch lines, and elsewhere as
required for system drainage.
D. Install swing check valves as required to control flow direction, and to serve as
"vacuum breakers."
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3.7 PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE INSTALLATIONS
A. General: Install pressure reducing valves as required to regulate system pressure.
Install in a location readily accessible for maintenance and inspection.
B. Size reducing valves to supply the maximum steam requirements of the heating
system or equipment indicated, at the indicated inlet and outlet pressures.
C. Provide bypass around each reducing valve, with a globe valve equal in size to the
area of the reducing valve seat ring.
D. Install gate valves and unions around each reducing valve to facilitate removal and
repair of reducing valves. Unions may be omitted for reducing valves with flanged
connections.
E. Install pressure gages on the low pressure side of each reducing valve and ahead of
the shutoff valve plus one downstream for the shutoff valve.
1. On two-stage reducing stations, install a drip trap and pressure gage
upstream from the second stage reducing valve.
F. Install strainers upstream for each reducing valve.
1. On two-stage reducing stations omit the strainer upstream from the second
stage, unless specifically indicated otherwise.
G. Install safety valves downstream from each reducing valve set at 5 psig higher than
the reduced pressure when the reduced pressure is under 35 psig; and at 10 psig
higher than the reduced pressure if the reduced pressure is above 35 psig or the
first-stage of two-stage reducing.
3.8 SAFETY VALVE INSTALLATIONS
A. Install relief valves in accordance with and where required by ASME B 31.1 -
"Power Piping." Pipe discharge to atmosphere outside the building, without stop
valves. Terminate vent pipe with screened vent cap. Install a drip pan elbow fitting
adjacent to the safety valve. Pipe drip pan elbow drain connection to the nearest
floor drain without valves. Comply with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
for installation requirements.
3.9 TERMINAL EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS
A. Piping size for supply and return shall be same size as the equipment connections.
B. Install traps and control valves in accessible locations as close as possible to the
equipment.
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C. Install bypass piping with globe valve around control valve. Where multiple,
parallel control valves are installed, only one bypass is required.
D. Install vacuum breaker downstream from the control valve and bypass, and as close
as possible to the coil inlet connection.
E. Install pressure gages at coil inlet connections.
F. Pipe outlet from coils to drip leg. From drip leg, install an appropriate trap, sized at
3 times the condensate load of the equipment, at 1/2 psig differential.
A. Preparation for testing: Prepare steam and condensate piping in accordance with
ASME B 31.9 and as follows:
1. Leave joints including welds uninsulated and exposed for examination
during the test.
2. Provide temporary restraints for expansion joints which cannot sustain the
reactions due to test pressure. If temporary restraints are not practical,
isolate expansion joints from testing.
3. Flush system with clean water. Clean strainers.
4. Isolate equipment that is not to be subjected to the test pressure from the
piping. If a valve is used to isolate the equipment, its closure shall be
capable of sealing against the test pressure without damage to the valve.
Flanged joints at which blinds are inserted to isolate equipment need not be
tested.
5. Install relief valve set at a pressure no more than 1/3 higher than the test
pressure, to protect against damage by expansion of liquid or other source of
overpressure during the test.
B. Testing: Test steam and condensate piping as follows:
1. Use ambient temperature water as the testing medium, except where there is
a risk of damage due to freezing. Another liquid may be used if it is safe for
workmen and compatible with the piping system components.
2. Use traps installed at high points in the system to release trapped air while
filling the system. Use drip legs installed at low points for complete
removal of the test liquid.
3. Examine system to see that equipment and parts that cannot withstand test
pressures are properly isolated. Examine test equipment to ensure that it is
tight and that low pressure filling lines are disconnected.
4. Subject piping system to a hydrostatic test pressure that at every point in the
system is not less than 1.5 times the design pressure. The test pressure shall
not exceed the maximum pressure for any vessel, pump, valve, or other
component in the system under test.
5. After the hydrostatic test pressure has been applied for at least 10 minutes,
examine the system for leakage. Eliminate leaks by tightening, repairing, or
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replacing components as appropriate, and repeat hydrostatic test until there
are no leaks.
3.11 CLEANING
A. Flush the system with clean water. Remove, clean, and replace strainer screens.
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SECTION 15530 - REFRIGERANT PIPING
PART 1 - GENERAL
3. Supports and Anchors.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes refrigerant piping used for air conditioning applications. This
Section includes:
1. Pipes, tubing, fittings, and specialties.
2. Special duty valves.
section:
1. Division 7, Section "Roof Accessories" for roof curbs, piping supports, and
roof penetration boots.
2. Division 7, Section "Joint Sealers" for materials and methods for sealing
pipe penetrations through basement walls and fire/smoke barriers.
3. Division 15, Section "Mechanical Identification" for labeling and
identification of refrigerant piping.
4. Division 15, Section "Mechanical Insulation" for pipe insulation.
C. Products installed but not furnished under this Section include pre-charged tubing,
refrigerant specialties, and refrigerant accessories furnished as an integral part of or
separately with packaged air conditioning equipment.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit Product data, 3 copies required, for the following products:
1. Each type valve specified.
2. Each type refrigerant piping specialty specified.
15530 REFRIGERANT PIPING
10/16/00 101
B. Submit Shop drawings showing layout of refrigerant piping, specialties, and fittings
including, but not necessarily limited to, pipe and tube sizes, valve arrangements
and locations, slopes of horizontal runs, wall and floor penetrations, and equipment
connection details. Show interface and spatial relationship between piping and
proximity to equipment.
C. Maintenance data for refrigerant valves and piping specialties, for inclusion in
Operating and Maintenance Manual specified in Division 15 Section "Basic
Mechanical Requirements."
A. Qualify brazing processes and brazing operators in accordance with ASME "Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code," Section IX, "Welding and Brazing Qualifications."
B. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with provisions of the following codes:
1. ANSI B31.5: ASME Code for Pressure Piping - Refrigerant Piping.
2. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 15: Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration.
A. Coordinate the installation of roof piping supports and roof penetrations, with
installer of roof to maintain warranty.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Refrigerant Valves and Specialties:
a. Alco Controls Div, Emerson Electric.
b. EATON Corporation, Control Div.
c. Henry Valve Company.
d. Sporlan Valve Company.
2.2 PIPE AND TUBING MATERIALS
A. General: Refer to Part 3, Article "PIPE APPLICATION" for identification of
systems where the below specified pipe and fitting materials are used.
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B. Copper Tubing: ASTM B 280, Type ACR, hard-drawn straight lengths, and soft-
annealed coils, seamless copper tubing. Tubing shall be factory cleaned, ready for
installation, and have ends capped to protect cleanliness of pipe interiors prior to
shipping.
C. Copper Tubing: ASTM B 88, Type L, hard-drawn straight lengths, and soft-
annealed coils, seamless copper tubing.
2.3 FITTINGS
A. Wrought-Copper Fittings: ANSI B16.22, streamlined pattern.
A. Brazing Filler Materials: AWS A5.8, Classification BAg-1 (Silver).
2.5 VALVES
A. General: Complete valve assembly shall be UL-listed and designed to conform to
ARI 760.
B. Globe: 450 psig maximum operating pressure, 275 deg. F maximum operating
temperature; cast bronze body, with cast bronze or forged brass wing cap and bolted
bonnet; replaceable resilient seat disc; plated steel stem. Valve shall be capable of
being repacked under pressure. Valve shall be straight through or angle pattern,
with solder-end connections.
C. Check Valves - Smaller Than 7/8 Inch: 500 psig maximum operating pressure, 300
deg. F maximum operating temperature; cast brass body, with removable piston,
Teflon seat, and stainless steel spring; straight through globe design. Valve shall be
straight through pattern, with solder-end connections.
D. Check Valves - 7/8 inch and Larger: 450 psig maximum operating pressure, 300
deg. F maximum operating temperature; cast bronze body, with cast bronze or
forged brass bolted bonnet; floating piston with mechanically retained Teflon seat
disc. Valve shall be straight through or angle pattern, with solder-end connections.
E. Solenoid Valves: 250 deg. F temperature rating, 400 psig working pressure; forged
brass, with Teflon valve seat, two-way straight through pattern, and solder end
connections. Provide manual operator to open valve. Furnish complete with
NEMA 1 solenoid enclosure with 1/2 inch conduit adapter, and 24 volt, 60 Hz.
normally closed holding coil.
F. Evaporator Pressure Regulating Valves: pilot-operated, forged brass or cast bronze;
complete with pilot operator, stainless steel bottom spring, pressure gage tappings,
24 volts DC, 50/60 Hz, standard coil; and wrought-copper fittings for solder end
connections.
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G. Thermal Expansion Valves: thermostatic adjustable, modulating type; size as
required for specific evaporator requirements, and factory set for proper evaporator
superheat requirements. Valves shall have copper fittings for solder end
connections; complete with sensing bulb, a distributor having a side connection for
hot gas bypass line, and an external equalizer line.
H. Hot Gas Bypass Valve: adjustable type, sized to provide capacity reduction beyond
the last step of compressor unloading; and wrought copper fittings for solder end
connections.
2.6 REFRIGERANT PIPING SPECIALTIES
A. General: Complete refrigerant piping specialty assembly shall be UL-listed and
designed to conform to ARI 760.
B. Strainers: 500 psig maximum working pressure; forged brass body with monel 80-
mesh screen, and screwed cleanout plug; Y-pattern, with solder end connections.
C. Moisture/liquid Indicators: 500 psig maximum operation pressure, 200 deg. F
maximum operating temperature; forged brass body, with replaceable polished
optical viewing window, and solder end connections.
D. Filter-driers: 500 psig maximum operation pressure; steel shell, flange ring, and
spring, ductile iron cover plate with steel capscrews, and wrought copper fittings for
solder end connections. Furnish complete with replaceable filter-drier core kit,
including gaskets, as follows:
1. Standard capacity desiccant sieves to provide micronic filtration.
E. Suction Line Filter-Drier: 350 psig maximum operation pressure, 225 deg. F
maximum operating temperature; steel shell, and wrought copper fittings for solder
end connections. Permanent filter element shall be molded felt core surrounded by
a desiccant for removal of acids and moisture for refrigerant vapor.
F. Flanged Unions: 400 psig maximum working pressure, 330 deg. F maximum
operating temperature; two brass tailpiece adapters for solder end connections to
copper tubing; flanges for 7/8 inch through 1-5/8 inch unions shall be forged steel,
and for 2-1/8 inch through 3-1/8 inch shall be ductile iron; four plated steel bolts,
with silicon bronze nuts and fiber gasket. Flanges and bolts shall have factory-
applied rust-resistant coating.
G. Flexible Connectors: 500 psig maximum operating pressure; seamless tin bronze or
stainless steel core, high tensile bronze braid covering, solder connections, and
synthetic covering; dehydrated, pressure tested, minimum 7 inch in length.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
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3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine rough-in for refrigerant piping systems to verify actual locations of piping
connections prior to installation.
A. Use Type L, or Type ACR drawn copper tubing with wrought copper fittings and
brazed joints above ground, within building. Use Type K, annealed temper copper
tubing for 2 inch and smaller without joints, below ground and within slabs.
Mechanical fittings (crimp or flare) are not permitted.
1. Install annealed temper tubing in pipe duct. Vent pipe duct to the outside.
B. If other than Type ACR tubing is used, clean and protect inside of tubing as
specified in Article "CLEANING" below.
A. General: Install refrigerant piping in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 15 - "The
Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration."
B. Install piping in as short and direct arrangement as possible to minimize pressure
drop.
C. Install piping for minimum number of joints using as few elbows and other fittings
as possible.
D. Arrange piping to allow normal inspection and servicing of compressor and other
equipment. Install valves and specialties in accessible locations to allow for
servicing and inspection.
E. Provide adequate clearance between pipe and adjacent walls and hanger, or between
pipes for insulation installation. Use sleeves through floors, walls, or ceilings, sized
to permit installation of full thickness insulation.
F. Insulate suction lines. Liquid lines are not required to be insulated, except where
they are installed adjacent and clamped to suction lines, where both liquid and
suction lines shall be insulated as a unit.
1. Do not install insulation until system testing has been completed and all
leaks have been eliminated.
G. Install branch tie-in lines to parallel compressors equal length, and pipe identically
and symmetrically.
H. Install copper tubing in rigid or flexible conduit in locations where copper tubing
will be exposed to mechanical injury.
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I. Slope refrigerant piping as follows:
1. Install horizontal hot gas discharge piping with 1/2" per 10 feet downward
slope away from the compressor.
2. Install horizontal suction lines with 1/2 inch per 10 feet downward slope to
the compressor, with no long traps or dead ends which may cause oil to
separate from the suction gas and return to the compressor in damaging
slugs.
3. Install traps and double risers where indicated, and where required to entrain
oil in vertical runs.
4. Liquid lines may be installed level.
J. Use fittings for all changes in direction and all branch connections.
K. Install exposed piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs
are not permitted, unless expressly indicated.
L. Install piping free of sags or bends and with ample space between piping to permit
M. Conceal all pipe installations in walls, pipe chases, utility spaces, above ceilings,
N. Install piping tight to slabs, beams, joists, columns, walls, and other permanent
elements of the building. Provide space to permit insulation applications, with 1
O. Locate groups of pipe parallel to each other, spaced to permit applying insulation
P. Exterior Wall Penetrations: Seal pipe penetrations through exterior walls using
sleeves and mechanical sleeve seals. Pipe sleeves smaller than 6 inch shall be steel;
pipe sleeves 6 inch and larger shall be sheet metal.
Q. Fire Barrier Penetrations: Where pipes pass through fire rated walls, partitions,
ceilings, and floors, maintain the fire rated integrity.
R. Make reductions in pipe sizes using eccentric reducer fittings installed with the
level side down.
S. Install strainers immediately ahead of each expansion valve, solenoid valve, hot gas
bypass valve, compressor suction valve, and as required to protect refrigerant piping
system components.
T. Install moisture/liquid indicators in liquid lines between filter/driers and
thermostatic expansion valves and in liquid line to receiver.
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1. Install moisture/liquid indicators in lines larger than 2-1/8 inch OD, using a
bypass line.
U. Install unions to allow removal of solenoid valves, pressure regulating valves,
expansion valves, and at connections to compressors and evaporators.
V. Install flexible connectors at the inlet and discharge connection of compressors.
A. General: Hanger, supports, and anchors are specified in Division 15 Section
"SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS."
B. Install the following pipe attachments:
feet in length.
2. Roller hangers and spring hangers for individual horizontal runs 20 feet or
longer.
3. Pipe rollers complete supports for multiple horizontal runs, 20 feet or longer
supported by a trapeze.
C. Install hangers with the minimum rod sizes and maximum spacing identified in
Division 15 section supports and anchors.
A. Brazed Joints: Comply with the procedures contained in the AWS "Brazing
Manual."
1. WARNING: Some filler metals contain compounds which produce highly
toxic fumes when heated. Avoid breathing fumes. Provide adequate
ventilation.
2. CAUTION: When solenoid valves are being installed, remove the coil to
prevent damage. When sight glasses are being installed, remove the glass.
Remove stems, seats, and packing of valves, and accessible internal parts of
refrigerant specialties before brazing. Do not apply heat near the bulb of the
expansion valve.
B. Fill the pipe and fittings during brazing, with an inert gas (ie., nitrogen or carbon
dioxide) to prevent formation of scale.
C. Heat joints using oxy-acetylene torch. Heat to proper and uniform brazing
temperature.
10/16/00 107
3.6 VALVE INSTALLATIONS
A. General: Install refrigerant valves in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
B. Install globe valves on each side of strainers and driers, in liquid and suction lines at
evaporators, and elsewhere as indicated.
C. Install a full sized, 3-valve bypass around each drier.
D. Install solenoid valves ahead of each expansion valve and hot-gas bypass valve.
Install solenoid valves in horizontal lines with coil at the top.
1. Coordinate electrical requirements and connections.
E. Thermostatic expansion valves may be mounted in any position, as close as possible
to the evaporator.
1. Where refrigerant distributors are used, mount the distributor directly on the
expansion valve outlet.
2. Install the valve in such a location so that the diaphragm case is warmer than
the bulb.
3. Secure the bulb to a clean, straight, horizontal section of the suction line
using two bulb straps. Do not mount bulb in a trap or at the bottom of the
line.
4. Where external equalizer lines are required make the connection where it
will clearly reflect the pressure existing in the suction line at the bulb
location.
F. Install pressure regulating and relieving valves as required by ASHRAE Standard
15.
3.7 EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS
A. Install piping adjacent to machine to allow servicing and maintenance.
A. Inspect, test, and perform corrective action of refrigerant piping in accordance with
ASME Code B31.5, Chapter VI.
B. Repair leaking joints using new materials, and retest for leaks.
3.9 CLEANING
A. Before installation of copper tubing other than Type ACR tubing, clean the tubing
and fitting using following cleaning procedure:
10/16/00 108
1. Remove coarse particles of dirt and dust by drawing a clean, lintless cloth
through the tubing by means of a wire or an electrician's tape.
2. Draw a clean, lintless cloth saturated with trichloroethylene through the tube
or pipe. Continue this procedure until cloth is not discolored by dirt.
3. Draw a clean, lintless cloth, saturated with compressor oil, squeezed dry,
through the tube or pipe to remove remaining lint. Inspect tube or pipe
visually for remaining dirt and lint.
4. Finally, draw a clean, dry, lintless cloth through the tube or pipe.
A. Verify actual evaporator applications and operating conditions, and adjust
thermostatic expansion valve to obtain proper evaporator superheat requirements.
B. Clean and inspect refrigerant piping systems in accordance with requirements of
Division-15 Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods section "Pipes and Pipe
Fittings."
C. Adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged or malfunctioning controls and
equipment with new materials and products.
3.11 COMMISSIONING
A. Charge system using the following procedure:
1. Install core in filter dryer after leak test but before evacuation.
2. Evacuate refrigerant system with vacuum pump until temperature of 35 deg
F is indicated on vacuum dehydration indicator.
3. During excavation, apply heat to pockets, elbows, and low spots in piping.
4. Maintain vacuum on system for minimum of 5 hours after closing valve
between vacuum pump and system.
5. Break vacuum with refrigerant gas, allow pressure to build up to 2 psi.
6. Complete charging of system, using new filter dryer core in charging line.
Provide full operating charge.
B. Train Owner's maintenance personnel on procedures and schedules related to start-
up and shut-down, troubleshooting, servicing, and preventative maintenance of
refrigerant piping valves and refrigerant piping specialties.
C. Review data in Operating and Maintenance Manuals.
D. Schedule training with Owner with at least 7 days advance notice.
10/16/2000 109
SECTION 15540 - HVAC PUMPS
ISO 6708 NOMINAL SIZE (DN): A NUMERICAL DESIGNATION OF SIZE THAT IS
COMMON TO ALL COMPONENTS IN A PIPING SYSTEM OTHER THAN
COMPONENTS DESIGNATED BY OUTSIDE DIAMETERS OR BY THREAD
SIZE. DN IS A CONVENIENT ROUND NUMBER FOR REFERENCE
PURPOSES AND IS ONLY LOOSELY RELATED TO MANUFACTURING
DIMENSIONS.
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following categories of HVAC pumps for hydronic
systems:
1.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Pump Pressure Ratings: At least equal to system's maximum operating pressure at
point where installed, but not less than specified.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Three copies required.
B. Product data including certified performance curves and rated capacities of selected
models, weights (shipping, installed, and operating), furnished specialties, and
accessories. Indicate pump's operating point on curves.
C. Maintenance data for pumps to include in the operation and maintenance manual
specified in Division 1. Include startup instructions.
15540 HVAC PUMPS
10/16/00 110
installation.
2. Hydraulic Institute's "Standards for Centrifugal, Rotary & Reciprocating
Pumps" for pump design, manufacture, testing, and installation.
3. UL 778 "Standard for Motor Operated Water Pumps" for construction
requirements. Include UL listing and labeling.
4. NEMA MG 1 "Standard for Motors and Generators" for electric motors.
Include NEMA listing and labeling.
installation.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Bell & Gossett Co.
2.2 PUMPS, GENERAL
A. General: Factory assembled and tested.
B. Base-Mounted Pumps: Include pump casings that allow removal and replacement
of impellers without disconnecting piping.
C. Types, Sizes, Capacities, and Characteristics: As indicated.
D. Motors: NEMA MG 1, general purpose, continuous duty, Design B, except
Design C where required for high starting torque. Furnish single-, multiple-, or
variable-speed motors, with type of enclosures and electrical characteristics
indicated. Include built-in thermal-overload protection and grease-lubricated ball
bearings. Select each motor to be nonoverloading over full range of pump
performance curve. Provide class H insulation where variable speed duty specified.
E. High Energy Efficient Motors: Minimum efficiency as indicated according to
IEEE 112, Test Method B. Include motors with higher efficiency than "average
standard industry motors" according to IEEE 112, Test Method B, if efficiency is
not indicated.
F. Factory Finish: Manufacturer's standard paint applied to factory-assembled and -
tested units before shipping.
G. Manufacturer's Preparation for Shipping: Clean flanges and exposed machined
metal surfaces and treat with anti-corrosion compound after assembly and testing.
Protect flanges, pipe openings, and nozzles with wooden flange covers or with
screwed-in plugs.
15540 HVAC PUMPS
10/16/00 111
2.3 SEPARATELY COUPLED, END-SUCTION PUMPS
A. Description: Base-mounted, centrifugal, separately coupled, end-suction, single-
stage, bronze-fitted, radially split case design; rated for 175-psig minimum working
pressure and a continuous water temperature of 225 deg F. Include back-pull-out
design, except where other design is indicated, and the following:
1. Casing: Cast iron, with flanged piping connections, drain plug in bottom of
volute, and threaded gage tappings at inlet and outlet flange connections.
Include integral feet or other means on volute to support weight of casing
and attached piping.
2. Impeller: ASTM B 584, cast bronze, statically and dynamically balanced,
closed, overhung, single suction, keyed to shaft, and secured by locking cap
screw.
3. Wearing Rings: Replaceable, bronze casing ring.
4. Shaft and Sleeve: Steel shaft with bronze sleeve.
5. Seals: Mechanical type. Include carbon-steel rotating ring, stainless-steel
spring, ceramic seat, and flexible bellows and gasket.
6. Coupling: Flexible-spacer type, capable of absorbing torsional vibration
and shaft misalignment. Include flange and sleeve section that can be
disassembled and removed without removing pump or motor.
7. Coupling Guard: Steel, removable, and attached to mounting frame.
8. Mounting Frame: Welded-steel frame and cross members, factory-
fabricated from ASTM A 36 (ASTM A 36M) channels and angles.
Fabricate for mounting pump casing, coupling guard, and motor. Grind
welds smooth before application of factory finish. Field-drill motor-
mounting holes for field-installed motors.
9. Motor: Secured to mounting frame, with adjustable alignment.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Install pumps according to manufacturers written installation and alignment
instructions.
B. Install pumps to provide access for periodic maintenance, including removal of
motors, impellers, couplings, and accessories.
C. Support pumps and piping separately so that piping is not supported by pumps.
D. Set base-mounted pumps on concrete foundations. Disconnect coupling halves
before setting. Do not reconnect couplings until alignment operations have been
completed. Fill frame with grout.
15540 HVAC PUMPS
10/16/00 112
E. Provide grease lubrication fitting extensions on pumps associated with chilled water
service.
3.2 ALIGNMENT
A. Provide manufacturers representative to align pump and motor shafts and piping
connections after setting them on foundations, after grout has been set and
foundation bolts have been tightened, and after piping connections have been made.
B. Comply with pump and coupling manufacturers' written instructions.
C. Alignment tolerances: According to manufacturers recommendations.
3.3 CONNECTIONS
A. General: Install shutoff valve and strainer on pump suction and check valve, and
shutoff valve on pump discharge, except where other arrangement may be needed.
B. Install valves that are the same size as piping connecting to pumps.
C. Install suction and discharge pipe sizes equal to or greater than the diameter of
pump nozzles.
D. Install flexible connectors on suction and discharge sides of base-mounted pumps
and where indicated. Install between pump casing and valves, except where other
arrangement is indicated.
E. Install thermometers where indicated.
F. Install pressure gages on pump suction and discharge. Provide shutoff valve in
suction and discharge sensing line.
G. Install electrical connections for power, controls, and devices.
3.4 COMMISSIONING
A. Final Checks Before Startup:
1. Lubricate bearings.
2. Check motor for proper rotation that matches direction marked on pump
casing.
3. Check that pumps are free to rotate by hand. Pumps for handling hot liquids
shall be free to rotate with pump hot and cold. Do not operate pump if it is
bound or even drags slightly until cause of trouble is determined and
corrected.
15540 HVAC PUMPS
10/16/00 113
B. Refer to Division 15 Section "Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing" for detailed
requirements for testing, adjusting, and balancing hydronic systems.
10/16/2000 114
SECTION 15545 - CHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.2 SUMMARY
A. University retains services of chemical treatment representative for setup, analysis,
furnishing of chemicals and consultation.
B. This Section includes water-treatment systems for the following:
1. Hot-water heating systems.
2. Chilled-water systems.
3. Condenser water systems.
1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
A. Closed System: One bypass feeder on each system, with isolating and drain valves
installed around balancing valve downstream of circulating pumps, or across pump
suction and discharge.
1. Introduce closed system treatment through bypass feeder when required or
indicated by test.
2. Performance: Water treatment sized and equipped to treat raw water
available at Project site to sustain the following water characteristics:
a. Hardness: 0.00.
b. Iron: 0.00.
c. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): 1500 to 1750 ppm (as CaCO3).
d. Silica: 60 ppm or less.
e. pH: 8.0 or above.
B.. Condenser Water Treatment: Electronic Automatic system for inhibitor, blowdown
and biocide, activated by water meter on system makeup and conductivity
controller in condenser water line. Softened water is blended with raw water to
reduce chemical treatment quantities.
1. Sequestering agent and corrosion inhibitor pumped from solution barrel into
condenser water supply to tower.
2. Meter feed biocide with blowdown locked out to ensure biocide retention
time.
3. Conductivity controller samples condenser water and operates solenoid
bleed valve when condenser water pump is operating.
4. Biocide introduced to tower by continuous feed with solution pump
5. Performance: Water treatment sized and equipped to treat raw water
available at Project site to sustain the following water characteristics:
a. Hardness: 0.00.
15545 CHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT
10/16/00 115
b. Iron: 0.00.
c. Total Alkalinity: 600 ppm or less.
d. Total Algae: 103 or less growth.
e. pH: 9.1 or less.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Product Data : 6 copies required
Shop Drawings: 6 copies required
B. Product data for each type of product specified. Include manufacturer's technical
product data, rated capacities of selected equipment clearly indicated, water-
pressure drops, weights (shipping, installed, and operating), furnished specialties,
accessories, and installation and startup instructions.
C. Shop drawings from manufacturer detailing equipment assemblies and indicating
dimensions, weights, loadings, required clearances, method of field assembly,
components, and location and size of each field connection.
D. Wiring diagrams detailing power and control wiring and differentiating clearly
between manufacturer-installed wiring and field-installed wiring.
E. Field test reports indicating and interpreting test results relative to compliance with
specified requirements.
F. Maintenance data for chemical water treatment to include in the operation and
maintenance manual. Include detailed manufacturer's instructions and parts list for
each item of equipment, control, and accessory. Include troubleshooting
maintenance guide.
A. Chemical Standards: Meet state and local pollution-control regulations.
B. Comply with NFPA 70 for components and installation.
1.6 MAINTENANCE
A. Service Period: Provide chemicals and service program for period of one year from
startup date of equipment, including the following:
1. Initial water analysis and recommendations.
2. Startup assistance.
3. Training of operating personnel.
4. Periodic field service and consultation.
5. Customer report charts and log sheets.
10/16/00 116
6. Laboratory technical assistance. Ensure that system is operational, filled,
started, and vented prior to cleaning. Place terminal control valves in OPEN
position during cleaning. Use water meter to record capacity in each
system.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products
furnished by chemial tretment representative under contract to the university.
2.2 CHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
A. Bypass (Pot) Feeders: Cast iron or steel, for introducing chemicals into system;
with funnel, shutoff valve on top, air release valve on top, drain valve on bottom,
and recirculating shutoff valves on sides. Ball style valves.
1. Capacity: to suit project requirements
2. Working Pressure: 125 psi.
B. Positive Displacement Diaphragm Pump: Adjustable flow rate; thermoplastic
construction; continuous-duty, fully enclosed electric motor and drive; and built-in
relief valve.
C. Packaged Conductivity Controller: Solid-state circuiting, 5 percent accuracy, linear
dial adjustment, built-in calibration switch, ON-OFF switch and light, control
function light, output to control circuit, and recorder.
D. Cold-Water Meter: Positive displacement type with sealed, tamperproof magnetic
drive; impulse contact register; single-pole, double-throw, dry-contact switch.
E. Motorized Ball Valve Pneumatic or electrically operated.
F. Electronic Timers: Infinitely adjustable over full range, 150-second and 5-minute
range, mounted together in cabinet with HAND-OFF-AUTOMATIC switches and
status lights.
G. Condenser Water Treatment Control Panel: Incorporate solid-state integrated
circuits and digital LED displays, in NEMA 250, Type 12 steel enclosure. Provide
gasketed and lockable door.
1. Control dissolved solids on conductivity and include the following:
a. LED digital readout display (microhm/cm).
b. Temperature-compensated sensor probe adaptable to sample stream
manifold.
10/16/00 117
c. HIGH, LOW, and NORMAL conductance indicator lights (LED).
d. HIGH or LOW conductance alarm light, trip points field adjustable;
with SILENCE switch.
e. HAND-OFF-AUTOMATIC switch for solenoid bleed valve.
f. BLEED light to indicate valve operation.
g. Adjustable hysteresis or dead-band (internal).
2. Control inhibitor feed on makeup volume and include the following:
a. Solid-state reset counter (1 to 15, selectable).
b. Solid-state timer (adjustable 1/4 to 5 minutes).
c. Test switch.
d. HAND-OFF-AUTOMATIC switch for chemical pump.
e. Illuminated legend shall indicate FEED when pump is activated.
f. Solid-state lockout timer (adjustable 1/4 to 3 hours) and indicator light.
Lockout timer shall deactivate the pump and activate alarm circuits.
g. Panel totalizer (amount of makeup), electromechanical type.
3. Biocide programmer to include the following:
a. 24-hour timer with 14-day skip feature to permit activation any hour of
the day.
b. Precision, solid-state, bleed-lockout timer (0 to 9 hours) and biocide
pump timer (0 to 2.5 hours), clock controlled.
c. Solid-state alternator to enable the use of 2 different formulations.
d. Digital display of time of day (24 hours).
e. LED display of day of week (14 days).
f. Fast and slow clock set controls (internal).
g. Battery back-up so clock is not disturbed by power outages; quartz
timekeeping accuracy.
h. HAND-OFF-AUTOMATIC switches for biocide pumps.
i. BIOCIDE A and BIOCIDE B illuminated legends indicate pump
running.
2.3 CHEMICAL TREATMENT TEST EQUIPMENT
A. Test Cabinet: White-enamel cabinet with local fluorescent light, capable of
Accommodating 4- to 10-mL, zeroing, titrating burettes and associated reagents.
B. Kits: As recommended by water treatment system manufacturer for determining
water charateristics, including carrying case and spare reageants. Provide the
following test kits:
1. Total hardness titration.
2. Conductivity bridge, range 0 to 10,000 microhms.
3. Creosol red pH slide complete with reagent.
4. Inhibitor.
2.4 CHEMICALS
10/16/00 118
A. Furnish chemicals recommended by water treatment system manufacturer for
treating water to meet specified water quality. Provide only chemicals that are
compatible with piping materials, seals, and accessories.
B. System Cleaner: Liquid alkaline compound with emulsifying agents and detergents
to remove grease and petroleum products.
C. Biocide: Alternating microbiocides.
D. Closed System (Water) Chemicals: Sequestering agent to reduce deposits and
adjust pH, corrosion inhibitors, and conductivity enhancers.
E. Condenser Water (Cooling Tower) System Chemicals: Sequestering agent to
inhibit scaling, acid to reduce alkalinity and pH, corrosion inhibitor, and biocide.
2.5 CONDENSER WATER FILTRATION SYSTEM
A. Description: Sidestream centrifical action filtration unit to remove suspended solids
from condenser water system, including filter, and pneumatically operated blow
down valve.
B. Size system to constantly filter approximately one percent of condenser water
system's total circulation volume.
.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
A. Testing Agency: A chemical treatment consultant employed by Owner will
perform field quality-control testing.
3.2 CLEANING
A. Add cleaning chemicals as needed; recommend flushing durations and number of
cycles to contractor.
B. Provide consultation to contractor during, filling starting and flushing. Check water
quality and advise during each cleaning cycle as to when acceptable water quality achieved.
3.3 COMMISSIONING
A. Startup Services: Provide the services of a factory-authorized service representative
to provide startup service and to demonstrate and train Owner's maintenance
personnel as specified below.
10/16/00 119
3.7 DEMONSTRATION
A. Train Owner's maintenance personnel on procedures and schedules related to
startup and shutdown, troubleshooting, servicing, and preventive maintenance.
B. Schedule training with Owner.
124
SECTION 15582 - STEAM CONDENSATE RETURN UNITS
ISO 6708 NOMINAL SIZE (DN): A NUMERICAL DESIGNATION OF SIZE THAT IS
COMMON TO ALL COMPONENTS IN A PIPING SYSTEM OTHER THAN
COMPONENTS DESIGNATED BY OUTSIDE DIAMETERS OR BY THREAD
SIZE. DN IS A CONVENIENT ROUND NUMBER FOR REFERENCE
PURPOSES AND IS ONLY LOOSELY RELATED TO MANUFACTURING
DIMENSIONS.
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes steam condensate return units for low pressure steam
systems. It is the Universitys preference to utilize steam pressure powered
condensate return units whenever possible. If space and/or elevations preclude
their usage, duplex, pump driven units are acceptable.
Section:
1. Division 15 Section "Meters and Gages" for thermometers and pressure
gages, connector plugs, and devices.
2. Division 15 Section "Steam and Condensate Piping."
3. Division 16 Sections for power, wiring, and devices, except where specified
with units.
1.2 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data, three copies required, including certified performance curves and
rated capacities of selected models, weights (shipping, installed, and operating),
furnished specialties, and accessories. Indicate pump's operating point on curves.
Include receiver capacity and material.
B. Shop drawings, three copies required, showing pump layout and connections.
Include setting drawings with templates, directions for installation of foundation
and anchor bolts, and other anchorages.
C. Wiring diagrams detailing wiring for power, signal, and control systems and
differentiating between manufacturer-installed wiring and field-installed wiring.
15582 STEAM CONDENSATE RETURN UNITS
10/16/00 125
D. Maintenance data for steam condensate return units to include in the operation and
maintenance manuals. Include startup instructions and recommended maintenance
requirements with applicable schedules.
installation.
2. Hydraulic Institute's "Standards for Centrifugal, Rotary & Reciprocating
Pumps" for pump design, manufacture, testing, and installation.
installation.
B. Listing and Labeling: Provide electrically operated units specified in this Section
that are listed and labeled.
1. The Terms "Listed" and "Labeled": As defined in the National Electrical
Code, Article 100.
C. Single-Source Responsibility: Obtain each category of steam condensate return
units from 1 source and by a single manufacturer.
A. Store steam condensate return units in dry location.
B. Retain shipping flange protective covers and protective coatings during storage.
C. Protect bearings and couplings against damage from sand, grit, and other foreign
matter.
D. Comply with unit manufacturer's rigging instructions.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Floor-Mounting, Centrifugal Pump, Steam Condensate Return Units:
a. Dunham-Bush, Inc.
10/16/00 126
b. ITT Fluid Technology Corp.; Domestic Pump Div.
c. Shippensburg Pump Co., Inc.
d. Skidmore.
2. Pressure-Powered, Steam Condensate Return Units:
a. Armstrong International, Inc.: Series PT
b. Domestic : Series PCC
2.2 ELECTRIC, STEAM CONDENSATE RETURN UNITS
A. Description: Factory-fabricated, packaged, electric-drive pump units of capacity
indicated. Include receiver, pumps, float switches, controls, and accessories
suitable for operation with low-pressure steam condensate.
B. Configuration: Floor-mounting, duplex unit with receiver, 2 centrifugal water
pumps, and 2 float switches.
1. Receiver: Close-grained cast iron, floor mounting. Include externally
adjustable float switches, water-level gage, condensate thermometer, pump
discharge pressure gages, bronze isolation valves between receiver and
pumps, flanges for pump mounting, and 2 lifting eyebolts.
2. Inlet Strainer: Cast iron with self-cleaning bronze screen, dirt pocket, and
clean-out plug on receiver inlet.
3. Water Pumps: Centrifugal, close coupled, vertical design, permanently
aligned, bronze fitted. Include enclosed bronze case rings, stainless-steel
shafts, mechanical seals, and drip-proof motors. If mounted on receiver
flanges, provide isolation valve between receiver and pump.
4. Control Panel: NEMA 250, Type 2 control cabinet with hinged door and
grounding lug, mounted on unit. Factory wired for single external electrical
connection. The following are included within cabinet:
a. Motor controller for each pump.
b. Electrical alternator.
c. Momentary contact "TEST" push button, for each pump, on cover.
d. Numbered terminal strip.
e. Disconnect switch.
f. Fused transformer for each control circuit.
5. Control Circuits: Independent for each pump. Electric alternator operates
pumps in sequence and allows both pumps to operate on receiver high level.
6. Manual Lead-Lag Control: Overrides electric alternator when active pump
is manually selected and allows both pumps to operate on receiver high
level.
2.3 PRESSURED-POWERED, STEAM CONDENSATE RETURN UNITS
A. Description: Factory-fabricated, pressure-powered pump units of capacity
indicated. Include receiver tank duplex pimping traps, gauge glass, include
10/16/00 127
controls, valves, piping connections, and accessories suitable for operation with
low-pressure steam.
B. Configuration: Floor mounted packaged duplex unit with receiver, two traps, two
float switches.
1. Piping Connections: Threaded, for condensate, operating fluid, vent, and
accessories. Include inlet strainer with cast iron body, bronze screen, dirt
pocket and clean out on receiver inlet.
2. Valves: Manufacturer's standard shutoff and check valves on inlet and
outlet.
3. Receiver: ASME coded Cast iron or welded steel, mounted on fabricated-
steel supports. Include armored water-level gage and threaded piping
connections; vented to handle condensate load.
4. Pipe: ASTM A 53, Type S or ASTM A 106; Schedule 80; seamless steel.
5. Fittings: ASME B16.1, Class 125 cast iron, threaded.
6. Traps: steel or cast iron body construction. Internals shall be all stainless
steel float operated mechanisms with externally replaceable seats; no
external seals or packing. Unit shall be non-cavitating design operating up
to 125 ps lg steam and capable of handling condensate at 350 degrees F.
Factory test prior to shipment.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine areas, equipment foundations, and conditions, with Installer present, for
compliance with requirements for installation and other conditions affecting
performance of steam condensate return units.
B. Examine roughing-in of piping systems to verify actual locations of piping and
electrical connections before unit installation.
C. Do not proceed until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. Install steam condensate return units according to manufacturer's written
instructions.
B. Install units in locations indicated and arranged to provide access for periodic
maintenance, including removal of motors, couplings, and accessories.
C. Install units on concrete bases as indicated. Anchor units to bases using inserts or
anchor bolts.
D. Install thermometers and pressure gages if indicated.
10/16/00 128
E. Install electrical devices furnished by manufacturer but not specified to be factory
mounted.
3.3 CONNECTIONS
A. Install valves as indicated.
B. System Return Connection: Inlet strainer and valved bypass to drain.
C. Pump Discharge Connections: Check valve, shutoff valve, and throttling valve for
each pump unit.
D. Overflow and Drain Piping Connections: Pipe drain to nearest floor drain or as
indicated.
E. Vent Piping: Full size, terminating in 180-degree elbow at point above highest
steam system connection, or as indicated.
F. Electrical power and control wiring and connections are specified in Division 16
Sections.
3.4 COMMISSIONING
A. Clean strainers.
B. Set steam condensate return unit controls.
C. Set pump controls for automatic start, stop, and alarm operation as required for
system application.
D. Perform preventive maintenance operations and checks on steam condensate return
units before starting.
1. Lubricate bearings.
2. Check that controls are correct for required application.
3. Set float switches to operate at proper levels.
4. Set throttling valves on pump discharge for specified flow.
5. Check motors for proper rotation.
6. Test controls and demonstrate compliance with requirements.
7. Replace damaged or malfunctioning controls and equipment.
E. Start steam condensate return units according to manufacturer's startup instructions.
129
SECTION 15681 - WATER/STEAM ABSORPTION CHILLERS
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Related Sections:
1. Refer to other sections of Division 15 for piping, specialties, pumps, valves,
field installed automatic temperature controls, vibration isolation, and field
applied insulation.
2. This section includes chiller package, refrigerant charge, controls and
control connections, chilled water connections, condenser water
connections, steam and condensate connections and starters.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes packaged, factory-assembled, steam absorption liquid
chillers.
B. If the University furnishes the chillers, this Section specifies the installation
requirements.
1.3 REFERENCES
A. ARI 560 - Latest Version - Absorption water chilling packages.
B. ASME - Pressure Vessels
C. ASTM A3C - Structural Steel Members
D. NEMA 250 - Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 volts max.)
E. NEMA 1 - Motors and Generators
F. 46465 - Control Cooling Air Conditioners
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Submit, three copies required, product data, including rated
capacities, weights (shipping, installed, and operating), furnished specialties and
accessories; and installation and start-up instructions.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit, three copies required, manufacturer's assembly type shop
drawings indicating dimensions, weight loadings, required clearances, methods of
assembly of components, and location and size of each field connection.
15681 WATER/STEAM ABSORPTION CHILLERS
10/16/00 130
C. Wiring Diagrams: Submit, three copies required, manufacturer's electrical
requirements for power supply wiring to units. Submit manufacturer's ladder type
wiring diagrams for interlock and control wiring. Clearly differentiate between
portions of wiring that are factory-installed and portions to be field-installed.
D. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance and operating data.
E. Quality Control Submittals:
1. Submit certification of compliance with ASME, UL, and ASHRAE
fabrication requirements specified in Quality Assurance below.
2. Submit certification of compliance with performance verification
requirements specified in PART 2 of this Section.
3. Submit quality control reports specified in PART 3 of this Section.
A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacture of
absorption chillers, of types and capacities required, whose products have been in
satisfactory use in similar service for not less than 5 years; include list of owners
with addresses.
B. Regulatory Requirements:
1. ASHRAE Compliance: Construct and install absorption chillers in
accordance with ASHRAE 15 "Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration".
2. UL Compliance: Provide absorption chillers which are constructed in
accordance with UL 465 "Central Cooling Air Conditioners".
A. Deliver chillers as a complete factory assembled unit with protective crating and
covering.
B. Coordinate the delivery of the chiller(s) in sufficient time to allow movement into
the building.
A. Coordinate the size and location of concrete equipment pads. Cast anchor bolt
inserts into pad.
1.8 WARRANTY
10/16/00 131
A. Furnish a written guarantee to include labor, material and parts to remedy any
defects due to faulty materials or workmanship which appear in the work within one
complete cooling session, but not less than 12 months, or eighteen months from
time of job site delivery.
A. The University may at its option enter into extended maintenance service contract
upon expiration of warranty.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
DELETE BELOW, FOR NONPROPRIETARY SPECIFICATION.
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide water-
cooled absorption chillers of one of the following:
1. York, Co.
2. Trane, Co., The
2.2 UNIT DESCRIPTION
A. Description: Factory assembled and tested, packaged, water cooled, liquid chillers,
consisting of absorber-evaporator assembly, solution heat exchanger, solution and
refrigerant pumps, interconnecting piping, refrigeration accessories, instrument and
control panel including gages and indicating lights, auxiliary components and
accessories, motor starters, and construction providing complete operational unit.
B. Materials: All materials shall be of American Manufacture wherever possible.
Structural steel members shall conform as a minimum to ASTM Specification A-36
(latest revision) or equivalent and be handled and stored in such a manner as to
prevent deformation, defacement or corrosion, unless more stringent requirements
are stated in the Specifications or normally required. The Vendor shall clearly state
materials of construction of tube materials.
C. Welding: All welding shall be in accordance with ASME, Section VIII, code for
Unfired Pressure Vessel Construction by personnel meeting the requirements of
ASME.
D. Surface Preparation and Painting: Vendor shall include the cost for surface
preparation and painting; include allowance for field painting by installing
10/16/00 132
contractor if needed. Vendor's proposal must clearly define the surface preparation,
method of application and paint materials which are to be used in both factory and
field painting.
E. Standards:
1. All equipment must conform with the following applicable standards and
codes (latest revision).
(a) American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
(b) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
(c) American Society for Testing & Materials (ASTM)
(d) American Welding Society (AWS)
(e) National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
(f) National Electric Code (NEC)
(g) National Board of Fire Underwriters (NBFU)
(h) National Electric Code (NEC)
(i) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
(j) Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC)
(k) Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL)
F. Patents: The Vendor shall warrant and guarantee that the operating process and
goods delivered will not infringe any valid patent, industrial design, copyright or
trademark, foreign or domestic, owned or controlled by any other corporation, firm
or person. The Vendor will indemnify and hold harmless the OWNER or
ENGINEER against any and all liabilities, losses, damages, claims and expenses by
reason of any claim, action or litigation out of the use or sale by the OWNER any
goods supplied by the Vendor under the Order.
2.3 BASIC COMPONENTS
A. PUMPS:
1. Self-contained hermetically sealed centrifugal solution and refrigerant pumps
(separate or on common shaft), lubricated and cooled by pumped distilled
refrigerant waterfluid.
B. HEAT EXCHANGERS:
1. Construction: Shell and tube type, seamless or welded steel in one or two
shells with cast iron or welded steel heads.
10/16/00 133
2. Absorber and Evaporator Tubes: 0.022 minimum wall thickness Cupro-
nickel OR 0.028minimum wall thickness copper.
3. Concentrator/Generator Tubes: 0.028 minimum wall thickness Cupro-nickel
OR 0.028 minimum wall thickness copper.
4. Condenser Tubes: 0.028minimum wall thickness copper.
5. Connections: Stub-out pipe flanged connections, for water and steam services.
6. Concentrator: Design for 50 psi minimum working steam pressure. Test at
1.5 times maximum working pressure. Working pressure = 13psig.
C. PURGE SYSTEM:
1. Manually purge unit of non-condensables.
D. AUTOMATICE DECRYSTALLIZATION:
1. Automatic cycle by diluting lithium bromide solution to prevent crystallization
while machine is running.
2.4 CONTROLS
A. Electric Control Panels: NEMA 250, Type 1; factory wired and mounted panel
with key locked door that includes:
1. Terminal block.
2. Non-fused disconnect.
3. Control transformer and separately fused control circuit.
4. Motor temperature cutout and high/low temperate cutout.
5. Time delay relay for dilution cycle.
6. Motor starters.
7. Purge motor fuse.
8. External lights to indicate operation of unit, pumps and purge system.
9. Elapsed Time Indicator.
B. Microprocessor Control Panel:
1. Chilled water temperature controller.
2. Steam valve controller.
10/16/00 134
3. Start-up demand limiter.
4. Flow verification control for chilled and cooling water systems.
5. Impending crystallization prevention control.
6. Start/stop capability.
C. Communication Device:
1. Vendor controls to communicate with Barber Colman Network 8000. Chillers
must have capability of being monitored, alarmed and operated through
Barber Colman System.
2. Communication devices or methods shall be suitable for up to four chiller
units.
3. The communication device will also have the capability to:
a. Sequence the chiller.
b. Control the chilled water pumps.
c. Control the condenser water pumps.
4. All communication and alarm signals are to be routed through the vendor
supplied panel or panels providing a one point interface with the Barber
Coleman Network 8000. Specific points shall be required but not limited to
the following:
a. Cycling shut-down (status)
b. Unit operation on/off contact
c. Remote mode ready to start (status)
d. Safety shut-down
e. Remote start/stop (contact)
f. Warning Contacts (to be listed in Bid Proposal)
g. Pump status
h. Chilled water temperatures entering
i. Chilled water temperatures leaving
j. Steam valve position
k. Condensate temperature
10/16/00 135
l. Low refrigerant temperature alarm
m. Low entering condenser water temperature
n. Remote chilled water temperature (adjustable) setpoint
D. Steam Control Valve: Normally closed electronic with demand limiter to slow rate at
which valve opens to minimum of five minute cycles.
E. Solution Throttling Device: To increase part load economy and assure operation to 10
percent specified full load capacity, at 55 degrees F minimum entering condenser water
temperature.
F. Chilled Water and Cooling Water Flow Switch: Manufacturer shall provide remote flow
switches for each chilled water system and cooling water system (normally open).
2.5 PERFORMANCE:
A. CHILLER CAPACITY AND DATA ARE SHOWN ON DRAWINS OR END OF
THIS SECTION.
B. Pressure drops for evaporator and condenser shall not exceed values specified.
Internally enhanced tubes are not acceptable.
C. Concentrator/Generator:
1. Saturated Steam Inlet Pressure to Vessel: 13 psig.
2. Minimum Steam Pressure Drop Across the Steam Control Valve: 2 psig, not to
exceed 20 psig valve pressure inlet.
D. Condenser/Absorber: Even number of passes is desirable.
E. Evaporator: Even number of passes is desirable for all chillers.
F. Corrosion Inhibitor:
1. Lithium nitrate inhibitor or alternative inhibitor. (Chromate Inhibitors are not
acceptable).
2. MSDS sheet shall be supplied.
2.6 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPONENTS:
A. Electrical Characteristics:
1. 480 volts, three phase, 60 Hz.
2. Provide unit mounted electric panel with circuit breakers and overcurrent protection.
B. Disconnect Switch: Factory mount disconnect switch in control panel.
10/16/00 136
2.7 ACCESSORIES
A. Pad Isolators: Commercial vibration isolation material.
2.8 INSULATION
A. Field Insulation by Others. Identify All Cold Surfaces to be Insulated.
2.9 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL
A. Test and Inspect: centrifugal chillers in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code, Section VIII
B. Performance Verification:
3. Rate chillers in accordance with ARI 560, Latest Version.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Install chillers in accordance with manufacturers installation instructions.
B. Install chillers plumb and level, and maintain manufacturers recommended clearances
for servicing and maintenance.
C. Install vibration isolators in accordance with manufacturers recommendations.
3.2 PIPING CONNECTIONS
Drawings indicate the general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties. The
1. Install pipingn adjacent to machine to allow servicing and maintenance; arrange
piping to allow removal of tube bundles.
2. Install piping in accordance with manufacurers instructions.
3.3 MANUFACTURERS FIELD SERVICES:
A. Provide services of factory trained representative for each unit supplied to conduct leak
test, refrigerant vacuum pressure test, evacuate, charge, start-up, calibrate controls, and
field instruct OWNER on operation and maintenance.
B. Provide services of factory trained representative for minimum one day eight (8) hour
session for classroom training OWNER on operation and maintenance. This training
shall be provided at the site to instruct the OWNERs operating personnel in a class
room environment. This classroom training will follow actual chiller start-up within
two(2) weeks of unit operation.
10/16/00 137
3.4 ADJUSTING
A. Supply initial charge of lithium bromide solution and provide crystals and dilution
water. Adjust concentration to recommended levels.
B. Coordinate unit control panel interface with the existing Barber Coleman Network 8000
building system. List warning alarm contacts available.
***END OF SECTION***
138
SECTION 15686 - CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS - AIR
COOLED
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary
Conditions and Division-1 Specification sections, apply to work of this section.
B. Related Sections:
1. Refer to other sections of Division 15 for piping, specialties, pumps, valves,
field installed automatic temperature controls, vibration isolation, and field
applied insulation.
2. Refer to Division 3 for concrete specifications for equipment pads.
3. Refer to Division 7 for roof curbs and equipment supports, and roof
penetrations and flashing.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section specifies packaged, air cooled, hermetic centrifugal water chillers.
B. This Section specifies the installation requirements for the Owner furnished
centrifugal water chillers. Refer to Division 1 for requirements for Owner furnished
equipment.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Submit product data, including rated capacities, weights (shipping,
installed, and operating), furnished specialties and accessories; and installation and
start-up instructions.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit manufacturer's assembly type shop drawings indicating
dimensions, weight loadings, required clearances, methods of assembly of
components, and location and size of each field connection.
C. Wiring Diagrams: Submit manufacturer's electrical requirements for power supply
wiring to units. Submit manufacturer's ladder type wiring diagrams for interlock
and control wiring. Clearly differentiate between portions of wiring that are
factory-installed and portions to be field-installed.
D. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance and operating data. Include this data in
maintenance manual in accordance with requirements of Division 1 and Section
15010.
15686 CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS - AIR COOLED
10/16/00 139
E. Quality Control Submittals:
1. Submit certification of compliance with ASME, UL, AND ASHRAE
fabrication requirements specified in Quality Assurance below.
2. Submit certification of compliance with performance verification
requirements specified in PART 2 of this Section.
3. Submit quality control reports specified in PART 3 of this Section.
centrifugal chillers, of types and capacities required, whose products have been in
B. Machine Experience: At time of submission of bid or proposal, chiller model
proposed must have acquired minimum of 2 years experience on each of 10 field
installations, each machine having acquired minimum of 2,400 operating hours.
C. Regulatory Requirements:
1. ASHRAE Compliance: Fabricate and install centrifugal chillers to comply
with ASHRAE 15 "Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration".
2. UL Compliance: fabricate centrifugal chillers to comply with UL 465
"Central Cooling Air Conditioners".
3. ASME Compliance: fabricate and stamp centrifugal chillers to comply with
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
A. Deliver chillers as a complete factory assembled unit with protective crating and
covering.
B. Ship chillers in a deep vacuum in one of two pieces, depending upon size.
A. Coordinate the size and location of concrete equipment pads for on- grade
installations. Cast anchor bolt inserts into pad.
B. Coordinate the installation of roof curbs and equipment supports, and roof
penetrations.
C. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3.
D. Roof specialties are specified in Division 7.
10/16/00 140
1.7 WARRANTY
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Available Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide
centrifugal chillers from one of the following:
1. Trane Co., The
2.2 UNIT DESCRIPTION
A. Packaged, factory-assembled, piped, wired, and charged hermetic type centrifugal
chillers consisting of centrifugal compressor, compressor motor, motor starter,
evaporator, air cooled condenser, weather-tight equipment enclosure, controls, and
panels including gages and indicating lights, auxiliary components, and accessories.
B. Provide auxiliary condensers of capacity scheduled for heat- recovery units.
2.3 COMPONENTS
A. Compressor:
1. Shaft and Impeller Assembly: carbon or forged steel shaft with cast high
strength aluminum alloy impellers, designed and assembled for no critical
speeds within operating range; and statically and dynamically balanced.
2. Casing: fine grain cast iron with gasket sealed casing joints.
3. Drive Assembly: gear transmission integral with compressor and lubricated
through compressor lubrication system.
a. Gear Assembly: gears and journal bearings babbitt lined and pressure
lubricated; provide inspection openings, to facilitate bearing inspection
and replacement without disassembly or removal of compressor casing
or impeller.
4. Lubrication System: forced circulation type, with positive displacement
submerged pump and replaceable oil filter; complete with an automatic oil
heater designed to separate refrigerant from oil, and oil cooler if required for
proper performance. System shall provide positive pressure lubrication of
journals, bearings and seals (if any), during start-up, operation, and coast-
down of chiller, including power interruptions. On two compressor units
provide redundant oil pump.
5. Motor and Accessories: hermetically sealed, continuous duty, single speed,
squirrel cage, induction type; full load operation of the motor shall not
10/16/00 141
exceed nameplate rating; rotor shaft shall be heat treated carbon steel and
designed such that the first critical speed is well above the operating speed.
Provide for removal of the stator for service or replacement without
breaking the main refrigerant piping connections.
6. Compressor Motor Starters: Provide factory mounted and wired starters.
Starters shall be a star-delta closed transition type, of sizes, ratings, and
electrical characteristics scheduled; with a NEMA 1 enclosure. Provide
starters with an electronic protection system to monitor and protect against
three-phase overload, overload during starting, phase unbalance, and over
and under voltage. Field wiring and electrical connections are specified in
Division 16.
B. Evaporator:
1. Shell and Water Boxes: fabricated from welded carbon steel plate. Provide
150 psig maximum working pressure water boxes and nozzle connections.
Provide suitable tappings in the water boxes and nozzles for control sensors,
gages, and thermometers.
2. Water Heads: fabricated steel water heads with integral water connections.
3. Tube Sheets: fabricated of thick carbon steel sheets welded to the shell and
drilled for tubes. Include intermediate tube support sheets as required to
prevent tube vibration.
4. Tubes: individually replaceable, finned, seamless copper tubes; removable
from either end of the heat exchanger without affection strength and
durability of the tube sheets and without causing leakage in adjacent tubes.
Expand ends of tubes in tube sheets and intermediate tube support sheets for
tight fit to prevent vibration of tubes. Provide suitable baffles or distributing
plates in condenser tubes to evenly distribute refrigerant discharge gas on
heat transfer tubes.
5. Pressure Limiting and Pressure Relief Devices: Manufacturer's standard
complying with ASHRAE 15.
C. Condenser:
1. Coil: aluminum fin mechanically bonded to 5/8 inch OD seamless copper
tubing. Subcooler circuit standard. Factory tested to 375 psig air-under-
water.
2. Fan and Motor: vertical discharge, low speed, belt driven, propeller type
fans; cycle to maintain head pressure. Form orifices to allow close tip
clearance.
D. Auxiliary Condenser:
1. Shell and Water Boxes: fabricated from welded carbon steel plate. Provide
150 psig maximum working pressure water boxes and nozzle connections.
Provide suitable tappings in the water boxes and nozzles for control sensors,
gages, and thermometers.
2. Water Heads: fabricated steel water heads with integral water connections.
10/16/00 142
2.4 ACCESSORIES
A. Purge System: designed to evacuate non-condensable gases and water vapor from
the system and for condensing, separating, and returning refrigerant to the system.
Provide all necessary devices to automatically isolate purge system from chiller.
2.5 CONTROLS AND SAFETIES
A. Refrigerant Flow Control Devices:
1. Provide refrigerant flow control devices between evaporator and condensers
(and elsewhere as required) to regulate refrigerant flow at volume and
pressure required to maintain evaporator liquid refrigerant at level sufficient
to keep cooler heat transfer tubes adequately wetted through full range of
chiller operation.
2. Design devices to permit chiller operation at scheduled conditions, and to
allow condenser entering water temperature to decrease to minimum
permissible temperature or 1 deg. F (0.5 deg. C) above return chilled water
temperature.
B. Capacity Control:
1. Designed and fabricated to regulate evaporator leaving water temperature.
Design for capacity modulation, from full load to scheduled minimum load
capacity under normal operating conditions, without overshooting and
without hunting at scheduled throttling range.
2. Provide variable guide vanes to provide stable operation without surge,
cavitation, or vibration from 100 to 10 percent of full load capacity, without
hot-gas bypass.
3. Provide diffuser blocks, designed to operate at part load condition to
minimize part load stall, to maintain compressor stability at any load
condition.
C. Safety Controls:
1. Design cutouts to operate independently and factory wire to control panel.
Design controls to stop compressor motor in event of low refrigerant
pressure or temperature in evaporator; high condenser pressure, high
compressor discharge temperature, low evaporator leaving water
temperature (freeze-stat), high motor temperature, high bearing temperature,
low oil pressure, high oil temperature, compressor motor overcurrent or over
voltage, or power interruption. Design each cutout to require manual re-
starting of compressor.
2. Include anti-recycle timer, factory wired to control panel, limiting
compressor motor restarts at scheduled time intervals.
D. Operational Controls:
10/16/00 143
1. Provide controls to ensure that compressor will start only under unloaded
condition.
2. Provide sequencing controls to ensure lubrication of compressor motor
bearings and seals (if any). Sequence as follows:
a. 1) Run lubrication system oil so that compressor motor bearing is
lubricated before start-up,
b. 2) Start compressor motor,
c. 3) Provide lubrication during coast-down after compressor motor shut-
down.
3. Provide modular electronic, solid state, or (if the building control system
allows) pneumatic controls.
4. Design controls to automatically restart compressor after power failure
interruptions, provided minimum time between starts has been compiled
with.
E. Diagnostics: Provide a diagnostic module capable of indicating all lockout
conditions specified above, plus recording the elapsed time (pre-alarm to alarm), the
operating conditions of the compressor motor (amperes), refrigerant temperatures
and pressures, and chilled and condenser water temperatures (entering and leaving)
at the time of lockout.
F. Control Panel:
1. Factory-mounted and wired. Provide gages or meters to indicate low
refrigerant pressure in evaporator, high condenser pressure, and low oil
pressure.
2. Provide switches and push-buttons designed to permit indicated operations
including the following:
a. Manual and automatic operation of oil pump.
b. Manual and automatic operation of oil separator heater.
3. Provide pilot lights or visual flag switches for indicated operations and
cutouts including the following:
a. Oil pump operation.
b. Low chilled water temperature cutout.
c. Low water flow cutout.
d. Oil separator heater operation.
e. Low evaporator refrigerant pressure or temperature cutout.
f. High condenser pressure cutout.
g. High motor winding temperature cutout.
h. Low oil pressure cutout.
i. Motor overload cutout.
4. Provide elapsed time meter designed to automatically record total chiller
operating time, in hours.
5. Provide electrical interlock to prevent chiller operation when chilled water
pump is not operating.
2.6 INSULATION
10/16/00 144
A. Insulate evaporators and other cold surfaces to prevent condensation, with ambient
humidity of 75 percent and dry-bulb temperature of 90 deg. F (32 deg. C), no air
movement. Use the manufacturer's standard insulation material.
2.7 EQUIPMENT ENCLOSURE
A. All components except air cooled condenser and starter shall be housed in a
weather-tight insulated metal equipment enclosure to protect equipment and provide
tempered environment for service. All starters and disconnects shall be located in
their own separate, weather-tight enclosure. Lighted equipment enclosure shall
have a 120-volt convenience outlet and electric unit heater for freeze protection to -
20 deg. F ambient. High ambient units shall have a fan-coil unit instead of a unit
heater. All enclosures shall be galvanized steel with factory finish.
2.8 FACTORY FINISH
A. Chiller manufacturer's standard factory finish.
A. Test and Inspect: centrifugal chillers in accordance with ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
B. Performance Verification:
1. Rate centrifugal chillers in accordance with ARI 550 "Standard for
Centrifugal or Rotary Water-Chilling Packages".
2. Provide a Coefficient Of Performance (COP) for centrifugal chillers not less
than prescribed by ASHRAE 90A "Energy Conservation in New Building
Design".
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Install chillers in accordance with manufacturers installation instructions.
B. Install chillers plumb and level, firmly anchored, and maintain manufacturer's
recommended clearances for servicing and maintenance.
C. Coordinate installation of roof curbs and equipment supports, and required roof
penetrations.
3.2 PIPING CONNECTIONS
10/16/00 145
Drawings indicate the general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties. The
1. Install piping adjacent to machine to allow servicing and maintenance.
2. Chilled Water Piping: Connect inlet to evaporator with controller bulb well,
shutoff valve, thermometer, strainer, flow switch, pressure gage, and union
or flange. Connect outlet to evaporator with shutoff valve, balancing cock,
thermometer, pressure gage, and union or flange.
3. Auxiliary Condenser: Provide bypass valve to bypass water flow around
auxiliary condenser when centrifugal chiller compressor is not operating.
A. Provide the services, to include a written report, of a factory authorized service
representative to supervise the field assembly of the components, installation, and
piping and electrical connections.
3.4 DEMONSTRATION
A. Provide the services of a factory authorized service representative to provide start-
up service and to demonstrate and train the Owner's maintenance personnel as
specified below.
B. Start-up Service:
1. Evacuate, dehydrate, vacuum pump and charge with specified refrigerant,
and leak test in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Test and adjust
controls and safeties. Replace damaged or malfunctioning controls and
equipment.
2. Perform lubrication service, including filling of reservoirs, and confirming
that lubricant is of quantity and type recommended by manufacturer.
3. Do not place chillers in sustained operation prior to initial balancing of
mechanical systems for interface with chillers.
C. Training:
1. Train the Owner's maintenance personnel on start-up and shutdown
procedures, troubleshooting procedures, and servicing and preventative
maintenance schedules and procedures. Review with the Owner's
personnel, the data contained in the Operating and Maintenance Manuals
specified in PART 1 of this Section and in Division 1.
2. Schedule training with Owner through the Architect/Engineer with at least 7
days prior notice.
3.5 SCHEDULE
10/16/00 146
PLAN NUMBER 1 2
REFRIGERATION R-11 R-11
CAPACITY TONS 315 442
COMPRESSOR INPUT - KW 196 307
EVAPORATOR
FLOW-GPM 756 960
EWT-DEG. F 54.0 54.0
LWT-DEG. F 44.0 44.0
PD-FT 23.8 14.9
FOULING FACTOR 0.0005 0.0005
COMPRESSOR MOTOR ELECTRICAL DATA
VOLTS/PH/HZ 460/3/60 460/3/60
FLA 275 427
LRA 1755 2115
HEAT RECOVERY
HEAT CAP - MBH 5,876
EWT DEG. F 95
LWT DEG. F 105
KW @ HEAT CAP 307
FLOW - GPM 1200
PD - FT 19.2
REMARKS
147
SECTION 15711 FACTORY-FABRICATED COOLING
TOWERS
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Related Sections: The following Sections contain requirements that relate to this
Section:
1. Division 15 Section "Vibration Control" for vibration isolation requirements
of factory-fabricated cooling towers.
2. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Insulation" for cooling tower condenser
water piping.
3. Division 15 Section "Hydronic Piping" for condenser water piping
requirements of factory-fabricated cooling towers.
4. Division 15 Section "Condenser Water Treatment System" for cooling tower
condenser water chemical treatment.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes a factory-fabricated, induced-draft, crossflow cooling
tower.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
1. Product data, three copies required, including rated capacities, pressure drop,
fan performance data, weights (shipping, installed, and operating), installation
instructions, startup instructions, and rating curves with selected points clearly
indicated.
2. Shop drawings indicating dimensions, weight loadings, weight distribution,
and clearances required around and between construction elements such as
beams, columns, and walls.
3. Wiring diagrams for power supply wiring to cooling towers and ladder-type
wiring diagrams for interlock and control wiring. Clearly differentiate
between factory-installed and field-installed wiring.
4. Maintenance data for each cooling tower. Include parts lists for tower fill,
water distribution system, fans, bearings, fan drives, vibration isolators,
controls, and all accessories.
15755 HEAT EXCHANGERS
10/16/00 148
5. Certified performance curves plotting leaving-water temperature
(LWT)against wet-bulb temperature (WBT).
A. Manufacturer's Certification: Certify cooling tower's thermal performance
according to CTI Standard 201.
B. NEMA Compliance: Provide electric motors and electrical components required as
part of factory-fabricated cooling towers that comply with applicable NEMA
Standards.
C. NEC Compliance: Install cooling towers according to NFPA 70 "National
Electrical Code."
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide cooling towers
manufactured by one of the following:
1. Induced-Draft, Crossflow Cooling Towers:
a. The Marley Cooling Tower Company.
2.2 INDUCED-DRAFT, CROSSFLOW COOLING TOWERS
A. Description: Induced-draft, crossflow cooling tower that is factory fabricated and
field erection using manufacturer's standard design, materials, and construction
according to published product information and these specifications.
B. Fan Description: Propeller fan.
1. Fan Blade: Cast aluminum or high strength, inert composite material with
adjustable pitch.
2. Fan Drive: Gear drive with speed reducer. Oil level sight glass.
3. Fan Bearings: Self-aligning ball bearings or bronze sleeve bearings.
Provide external, extended grease lines and fittings.
4. Fan Motor: Totally enclosed, fan-cooled, energy-efficient NEMA motor,
insulated for cooling tuner duty.
5. Motor Speed: Single speed, compatible with variable frequency drive.
6. Vibration Cutout Switch: De-energize fan motors if excessive vibration
occurs due to fan imbalance.
C. Hot-Water Distribution System: For even distribution of water over fill material.
10/16/00 149
1. Hot-Water Basin: Stainless steel basin material with Coating Designation
G 210; provide with gravity-feed nozzles, and stainless steel basin covers.
D. Hot-Water Basin Control Valves: For balancing flow to each distribution basin and
for shutting off during servicing.
E. Casing: Galvanized steel; conforming to ASTM A 525 with Coating Designation
G 210.
1. Fasteners: Corrosion resistance equal to or better than the materials being
fastened.
2. All joints sealed water tight.
3. Welded connections continuous and water tight.
4. Rigging supports for handling cooling towers at construction site.
F. Collecting Basin: Galvanized steel conforming to ASTM A 525, with Coating
Designation G 210, or stainless steel with the following accessories:
1. Overflow connection.
2. Make-up water connection.
3. Bottom drain connection.
G. Fill Material: Formed PVC, resistant to rot, decay, and biological attack with a
maximum flame-spread rating of 5 per ASTM E 84 and fabricated, formed, and
installed by the manufacturer to ensure that water breaks up into droplets.
H. Drift Eliminator Material: Formed PVC resistant to rot, decay, and biological
attack with a maximum flame-spread rating of 5 per ASTM E 84.
I. Louver Material: Formed PVC resistant to rot, decay, and biological attack with a
maximum flame-spread rating of 5 per ASTM E 84.
J. Water Level Control Clayton Hytrol make-up water valve, and a plastic or bronze
float with an adjustable linkage.
K. Handrails: Galvanized-steel pipe rails that comply with requirements of 29 CFR
1910.23 (OSHA).
L. Ladders: Galvanized-steel pipe rails that comply with requirements of 29 CFR
1910.27 (OSHA).
M. Safety Cage: Galvanized-steel pipe rails that comply with requirements of 29 CFR
1910.27 (OSHA).
N. Vibration Control: Direct isolation (no base) and vibration isolators recommended
by manufacturer.
O. Variable Speed Drive: complete drive system, one per cell, in NEMA 1 or 12
enclosure capable of controlling motor a range of 10% to 110% of base motor
10/16/00 150
speed. Provide door-interlocked power disconnect, magnetic bypass mode with
automatic transfer upm VFD failure, solid state, microprocessor-based controller.
Mount controls on front of enclosure consisting of start-stop pushbuttons
bypass/VFD selector switch, auto/manual selector switch and manual speed
potentiometer.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine proposed route of moving cooling towers into place and verify that it is
free of interferences.
B. Examine elements and surfaces intended to support cooling tower.
C. Verify piping rough-in locations.
D. Verify that each cooling tower conforms to regulatory and specification
requirements.
E. Do not proceed until any unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. Install cooling towers according to equipment manufacturer's written instructions.
B. Install cooling towers plumb, level, and anchor.
C. Maintain manufacturer's recommended clearances for servicing and maintenance.
D. Piping Connections: Maintain clearances for cooling tower service and
maintenance.
E. Install flanged or union connections to cooling tower.
F. Install flexible pipe connections for towers mounted on vibration isolators.
G. Pitch piping down to drain into sump.
H. Install shutoff/balancing valves at cooling tower inlet connections.
I. Provide shutoff valves at cooling tower outlets.
J. Connect overflow drain and bleed lines to sanitary sewage system.
10/16/00 151
K. Electrical Wiring: Install electrical devices furnished by manufacturer but not
specified to be factory mounted.
A. Manufacturer's Field Service: Provide services of a factory-authorized service
representative to supervise component field assembly and cooling tower
installation, including piping and electrical connections. Supply start up engineer to
identify and lock out critical speeds and verify proper operation of VFD. Report
results for above in writing.
3.4 ADJUSTING
A. Balance condenser water flow to each tower inlet.
B. Adjust water level control for proper operating level.
3.5 CLEANING
A. Clean towers using materials and methods recommended by manufacturers.
B. Clean finishes to remove dust and dirt.
C. Touch up scratches in unfinished surfaces to restore corrosion resistance.
D. Touch up scratches in finished surfaces to restore finish.
3.6 COMMISSIONING
A. Operate equipment controls and safeties.
B. Lubricate rotating parts.
C. Verify fan rotation direction.
D. Verify that motor amperage according to manufacturer's data.
3.7 DEMONSTRATION
to provide startup service and to demonstrate and train Owner's maintenance
personnel as specified below. Include the following:
1. Cooling tower startup.
2. Cooling tower shutdown.
3. Troubleshooting procedures.
10/16/00 152
4. Cooling tower servicing.
5. Preventative maintenance schedules and procedures.
6. Operating controls and safeties.
7. Four hours of training on maintenance and operation of the VFD system.
153
SECTION 15755 - HEAT EXCHANGERS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. THIS SECTION INCLUDES HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR HVAC
APPLICATIONS.
B. Related Section: The following Section contains requirements that relate to this
Section:
1. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Insulation."
1.2 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data, three copies required, for each heat exchanger, including rated
capacities, pressure drop, weights (shipping, installed, and operating), and
installation and startup instructions.
B. Shop drawings, three copies required, detailing heat exchanger installation,
including plans, elevations, and sections. Indicate heat exchanger dimensions,
rough-in requirements, weight loadings and distribution, and clearances required
around and between construction elements such as beams, columns, and walls.
C. Maintenance data for heat exchangers to include in the operation and maintenance
manual specified in Division 1. Include detailed manufacturer's instructions for
servicing heat exchangers, preventative maintenance requirements with
recommended schedules.
A. Manufacturer Qualifications: Firm experienced in manufacturing heat exchangers
similar to those indicated for this Project and that have a record of successful in-
service performance.
B. ASME Compliance: Fabricate and stamp heat exchangers to comply with ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
10/16/00 154
1.5 COORDINATION
A. Coordinate layout and installation of heat exchangers with piping system and
adjacent work.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers:
a. Armstrong Pumps, Inc.
b. Harsco Corp.; Patterson-Kelley Co.
c. ITT Fluid Technology Corporation.; ITT Bell & Gossett.
2.2 RATINGS
A. Maximum Temperature: 375 deg F (190 deg C).
B. Maximum Shell Pressure: 225 psig (1551 kPa).
C. Maximum Tube Pressure: 300 psig (2068 kPa).
D. Heat Exchanger Type: Steam to water.
2.3 SHELL-AND-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS
A. Shell and Head Materials: Steel shell and cast-iron head. Shell shall be stamped
with U-symbol, and furnished with Form U-1 denoting compliance with ASME
Code, Section VIII, Paragraph U-69, for construction of unfired pressure vessels;
shell shall have an exterior coat of rustproof paint.
B. Tube and Tube Sheet Materials: Seamless 90-10 Cupri nickel alloy tubes with
steel tube sheets, designed to allow unrestricted expansion without abrasion or wear
of the tubes. Heat exchange tubes shall be of the U bend style, properly supported
with intermediate baffle sheets.
C. Head and tube configures for easy removal for inspection and cleaning.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
10/16/00 155
/A. Examine elements and surfaces to receive work for compliance with installation
tolerances and for structural rigidity, strength, anchors, and other conditions
affecting performance of the heat exchanger. Do not proceed with installation until
unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. Install heat exchangers according to manufacturer's written instructions.
B. Install heat exchangers plumb and level; anchor with supports.
C. Maintain manufacturer's recommended clearances for service and maintenance.
Install piping connections maintaining clearances for service and maintenance of
heat exchangers.
D. Install threaded or flanged connections at heat exchangers.
E. Install shutoff valves at heat exchanger inlet and outlet connections.
3.3 COMMISSIONING
A. Verify that heat exchanger installation complies with manufacturer's submittal and
installation requirements of Division 15 Sections. Do not proceed with startup until
installation is acceptable to manufacturer's representative.
B. Start heat exchanger according to manufacturer's instructions.
C. Adjust flows and controls to deliver specified performance.
D. Operate and adjust controls and safeties.
3.4 CLEANING
A. Inspect exposed finish after completing system installation, including pipe
connections, fittings, valves, and specialties. Remove burrs, dirt, and construction
debris, and repair damaged finishes, including chips, scratches, and abrasions.
3.5 DEMONSTRATION
B. Review data in the operation and maintenance manualsInclude startup, shutdown,
troubleshooting procedures, servicing, and preventive maintenance schedules and
procedures.
C. Schedule training with Owner with at least 7 days' advance notice.
10/16/00 156
157
SECTION 15781 - PACKAGED HEATING AND COOLING
UNITS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. It is the intent of the University to refrain or minimize the use of Packaged
Heating and Cooling Units. Consult with the University prior to
implementing any design associated with Packaged Units.
158
SECTION 15782 - ROOFTOP HEATING AND COOLING
UNITS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. It is the intent of the University to refrain or minimize the use of rooftop heating
and cooling units. Consult with the University prior to implementing any design
associated with rooftop units.
159
SECTION 15786 - WATER-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. It is the intent of the University to refrain or minimize the use of heat pump
systems. Consult with the University prior to implementing any design associated
with heat pump systems.
160
SECTION 15810 - HUMIDIFIERS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes humidifiers for installation in HVAC ducts and plenums.
1.2 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data, three copies required, including rated capacities of selected models,
weights (shipping, installed, and operating), furnished specialties, and accessories.
B. Shop drawings, three copies required, detailing fabrication and installation of
humidifiers and dispersion tubes, including plans, elevations, sections, details of
components, and attachments to other units of Work. Detail connections to water
piping.
C. Wiring diagrams detailing power and control wiring and differentiating clearly
D. Maintenance data for humidifiers to include in the operation and maintenance
manual. Include detailed manufacturer's instructions on startup, shutdown,
troubleshooting, preventive maintenance, and servicing. Include parts list, list of
accessories, and recommended maintenance schedule.
A. Manufacturer Qualifications: Firm experienced in manufacturing humidifiers
similar to those indicated for this Project and that have a record of successful in-
service performance.
B. ARI Compliance: Test and rate humidifiers according to ARI 620.
C. Comply with NFPA 70 for components and installation.
D. Listing and Labeling: Provide products specified in this Section that are listed and
labeled.
1. The Terms "Listed" and "Labeled": As defined in the National Electrical
Code, Article 100.
E. Coordinate layout and installation of humidifiers with duct and air handlers.
15810 HUMIDIFIERS
10/16/00 161
1. Revise locations and elevations as required to suit field conditions and to
assure proper humidifier operation, and as approved by owner or design
professional.
A. Deliver, store, and handle humidifiers according to manufacturer's
recommendations.
B. Store humidifiers on elevated platforms in a dry location.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Self-Contained Humidifiers:
a. Armstrong International, Inc.
b. Nortec Industries, Inc.
2.2 SELF-CONTAINED HUMIDIFIERS
A. Description: Self-contained humidifier of size and capacity indicated.
B. Replaceable Cylinder: Plastic cylinder containing electrodes.
C. Steam Dispersion: Stainless-steel dispersion tube mounted in airstream and
connecting steam hose, and fasteners.
D. Cabinet: Painted sheet-metal enclosure for housing replaceable cylinder, electrical
wiring and components, and controls. Hinged or removable access door.
E. Electrical Wiring and Controls: Factory-wired electrical disconnect switch for
single-point external power connection, remote humidistat, indicator lights or
display panel to show unit status.
F. Drain Cycle: Automatically controlled with timer, field adjustable for duration and
interval.
G. Water Supply: Provide air gap in fill line to prevent backflow of water into supply
line.
H. Optional Accessories: Include the following:
15810 HUMIDIFIERS
10/16/00 162
1. Duct-mounted, high-limit humidistat; installed and wired by controls
contractor.
2. Network capability, Lonmark compatible.
I. Humidistat- by controls contractor.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine ducts and air handlers to receive humidifiers for compliance with
requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance
of humidifiers. Do not proceed with installation until unsatisfactory conditions
have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. Install humidifiers as indicated, according to manufacturer's written instructions and
ARI 640.
B. Allow clearance for maintenance and service.
C. Seal humidifier dispersion tube ductwork penetrations.
D. Connect humidifier and components as indicated and instructed by manufacturer.
E. Electrical Wiring: Install electrical devices furnished by manufacturer but not
specified to be factory mounted. Furnish copy of manufacturer's wiring diagram
submittal to electrical Installer.
F. Ground electrically operated humidifiers and components.
3.3 COMMISSIONING
to provide startup service.
B. Verify that electrical wiring installation complies with manufacturer's submittal and
installation requirements of Division 16 Sections. Do not proceed with startup until
wiring installation is acceptable to equipment Installer.
C. Start humidifiers according to manufacturer's instructions.
D. Operate and adjust controls and safeties.
E. Set Humidistat: Verify relative humidity and calibrate as required.
15810 HUMIDIFIERS
10/16/00 163
3.4 CLEANING
A. Clean factory-finished surfaces. Repair marred or scratched surfaces with
manufacturer's touchup paint.
3.5 DEMONSTRATION
B. Discuss data in the operation and maintenance manuals with owners personnel.
Schedule seven days in advance.
164
SECTION 15830 - TERMINAL UNITS
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Division-15 Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods sections apply to work of this
section.
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF WORK
A. Extent of terminal unit work is indicated by drawings and schedules, and by
requirements of this section.
B. Types of terminal units include the following:
1. Finned tube radiation.
2. Convectors.
3. Unit heaters.
4. Cabinet heaters.
5. Coils.
C. Refer to other Division-15 sections for piping; ductwork; and testing, adjusting and
balancing of terminal units; not work of this section.
D. Refer to Division-16 sections for the following work; not work of this section.
1. Power supply wiring from power source to power connection on terminal
unit.
E. Provide the following electrical work as work of this section, complying with
requirements of Division-16 sections:
1. Control wiring specified as work of Division 15 for
Electronic/Pneumatic Controls is work of that section.
A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacture of terminal
units, of types and sizes required, whose products have been in satisfactory use in
similar service for not less than 3 years.
15830 TERMINAL UNITS
10/16/00 165
1. I=B=R Compliance: Test and rate baseboard and finned tube radiation in
accordance with I=B=R, provide published ratings bearing emblem of
I=B=R.
2. ARI Compliance: Provide coil ratings in accordance with ARI Standard 410
"Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils".
3. ASHRAE Compliance: Test coils in accordance with ASHRAE Standard
33 "Methods of Testing Forced Circulation Air Cooling and Heating Coils".
4. UL Compliance: Provide electrical components for terminal units which
have been listed and labeled by UL.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's specifications for terminal units showing
dimensions, capacities, ratings, performance characteristics, gauges and finishes of
materials, and installation instructions.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit assembly-type shop drawings showing unit dimensions,
construction details, and field connection details.
C. Wiring Diagrams: Submit manufacturer's electrical requirements for power supply
wiring to terminal units. Submit manufacturer's ladder-type wiring diagrams for
interlock and control wiring. Clearly differentiate between portions of wiring that
are factory-installed and portions to be field-installed.
D. Samples: Submit 3 samples of each type of cabinet finish furnished.
E. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance instructions, including lubrication
instructions, filter replacement, motor and drive replacement, recommended
schedules for routine and preventative maintenance and spare parts lists. Include
this data, product data, and shop drawings in maintenance manuals.
A. Handle terminal units and components carefully to prevent damage, breaking,
denting and scoring. Do not install damaged terminal units or components; replace
with new.
B. Store terminal units and components in clean dry place. Protect from weather, dirt,
fumes, water, construction debris, and physical damage.
C. Comply with Manufacturer's rigging and installation instructions for unloading
terminal units, and moving them to final location.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 FINNED TUBE RADIATION
10/16/00 166
A. General: Provide finned tube radiation of lengths and in locations as indicated, and
of capacities, style, and having accessories as scheduled.
B. Cabinets: Minimum 18-ga cold-rolled steel full backplate, minimum 16-ga front.
Brace and reinforce front minimum of 4'-0" o.c. without visible fasteners.
C. Elements: Copper tube and aluminum fins, with tube mechanically expanded into
fin collars to eliminate noise and ensure durability and performance at scheduled
ratings.
D. Finish: Flat black heat resisting paint for backplate; factory finished baked enamel,
standard colors, on fronts and accessories.
E. Accessories:
1. End panels, inside and outside corners, and enclosure extensions.
2. Access panels in front of valves, balancing cocks, and traps.
3. Floor brackets for pedestal type.
F. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide finned tube
radiation of one of the following:
1. Trane (The) Co.
2. Vulcan Radiator Co.
2.2 CONVECTORS
A. General: Provide convectors having cabinet sizes and in locations as indicated, and
of capacities, style, and having accessories as scheduled.
B. Cabinets: Minimum 16-ga steel front and top panels, 18-ga side panels, and 20-ga
back panels. Phosphatize and galvanize back panels, phosphatize and paint tops,
sides, and fronts, with one coat of primer. Secure fronts in place with quick
opening slide bolts or camlock fasteners.
1. Recessed Cabinets: One-piece front panel, with 4-side gasketed overlap.
C. Elements: Aluminum fins, ribbed steel side plates, fin tube supports and copper
tubes, cast-iron headers. Factory-test each element to 150 psi air pressure under
water.
D. Accessories: Provide the following accessories:
1. Factory-mounted dampers.
2. 1/2" insulation on cabinet back.
3. Access doors in front for valve access.
E. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide convectors of one
of the following:
10/16/00 167
1. Dunham-Bush, Inc.
2. Trane (The) Co.
3. McQuay, Inc.
2.3 UNIT HEATERS
A. General: Provide unit heaters in locations as indicated, and of capacities, style, and
having accessories as scheduled.
B. Horizontal Unit Heaters:
1. Casings: Construct of steel, phosphatized inside and out, and finished with
baked enamel. Provide motor-mounted panel, minimum of 18-ga steel.
Fabricate casing to enclose coil, louvers, and fan blades. Provide louvers for
4-way air diffusion.
2. Fans: Construct of aluminum, and factory-balance. Provide fan inlet
orifice, smooth, and drawn into casing back panel.
C. Vertical Unit Heaters:
1. Casings: Construct of steel, phosphatized inside and out, and finished with
baked enamel. Design casing to enclose fan, motor, and coil, design fan
orifice formed into discharge panel. Provide air diffusers as scheduled.
2. Fans: Construct of aluminum and factory-balance. Design so motor and fan
assembly is removable through fan outlet panel.
D. Coils: Construct of plate-type aluminum fins, mechanically bonded to copper
tubes. Design coil for use in steam or hot water applications.
E. Motors: Provide totally enclosed motors, with built-in overload protection, having
electrical characteristics as scheduled.
F. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide unit heater of one
of the following:
2. McQuay, Inc.
3. Trane (The) Co.
2.4 CABINET HEATERS
A. General: Provide cabinet heaters having cabinet sizes and in locations as indicated,
and of capacities, style, and having accessories as scheduled. Include in basic unit
chassis, coil, fanboard, fan wheels, housings, motor, and insulation.
B. Chassis: Galvanized steel wrap-around structural frame with edges flanged.
10/16/00 168
C. Insulation: Faced, heavy density glass fiber.
D. Cabinet: 16-ga removable front panel, 18-ga top and side panels. Insulate front
panel over entire coil section. Provide access door on coil connection side. Clean
cabinet parts, bonderize, phosphatize, and flow-coat with baked-on primer.
E. Water Coils: Construct of 5/8" seamless copper tubes mechanically bonded to
configurated aluminum fins. Design for 300 psi and leak test at 300 psi under
water. Provide same end connections for supply and return.
F. Steam Coils: Construct of 1" seamless copper tubes mechanically bonded to
configurated aluminum fins. Design for 75 psi and leak test at 450 psi under water.
Provide cast-iron headers, and same end connections for supply and return.
G. Fans: Provide centrifugal, forward curved double width fan wheels constructed of
non-corrosive, molded, fiberglass-reinforced thermo-plastic material. Construct fan
scrolls of galvanized steel.
H. Motors: Provide shaded pole motors with integral thermal over-load protection,
and motor cords for plug-in to junction box in unit. Multispeed motors with unit
mounted speed selective switch.
I. Filters: Provide 1" thick throwaway type filters in fiberboard frames. See alter
section.
J. Accessories: Provide the following accessories as indicated and/ or scheduled:
1. Wall Boxes: Provide aluminum wall boxes with integral eliminators and
insect screen.
2. Recessing Flanges: Provide 18-ga steel flanges for recessing cabinet heaters
into wall or ceiling.
3. Sub-bases: Provide 18-ga steel sub-base for vertical units, height as
indicated.
4. Extended Oilers: Provide plastic motor oiler tubes extending to beneath top
discharge grille.
5. Unit mounted thermostat for single power connection as indicated.
K. Controls: Controls that interface with building automation systems shall be
Lonmark compliant.
L. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide cabinet heaters of
one of the following:
2. McQuay, Inc.
3. Trane (The) Co.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
10/16/00 169
3.1 INSPECTION
A. Examine areas and conditions under which terminal units are to be installed. Do
not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected in
manner acceptable to Installer.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF FINNED TUBE RADIATION
A. General: Install finned tube radiation as indicated, and in accordance with
manufacturer's installation insturctions.
B. Locate finned tube radiation on outside walls, run cover wall-to-wall unless
otherwise indicated.
C. Center elements under windows. Where multiple windows occur over units, divide
element into equal segments centered under each window.
D. Install end caps where units butt against walls. Install access panels centered in
front of each shutoff valve, balancing cock, steam trap, or temperature control
valve.
3.3 INSTALLATION OF CONVECTORS
A. General: Install convectors as indicated, and in accordance with manufacturer's
B. Locate convectors as indicated, coordinate with other trades to assure correct recess
size for recessed convectors.
3.4 INSTALLATION OF UNIT HEATERS
A. General: Install unit heaters as indicated, and in accordance with manufacturer's
B. Uncrate units and inspect for damage. Verify that nameplate data corresponds with
unit designation.
C. Hang units from building substrate, not from piping. Mount as high as possible to
maintain greatest headroom possible unless otherwise indicated.
D. Support units with rod-type hangers anchored to building substrate.
E. Install piping as indicated.
F. Protect units with protective covers during balance of construction.
3.5 INSTALLATION OF CABINET HEATERS
10/16/00 170
A. General: Install cabinet heaters as indicated, and in accordance with manufacturer's
B. Locate cabinet heaters as indicated, coordinate with other trades to assure correct
recess size for recessed units.
C. Install piping as indicated.
D. Protect units with protective covers during balance of construction.
3.6 ELECTRICAL WIRING
A. General: Install electrical devices furnished by manufacturer but not specified to be
factory-mounted. Furnish copy of manufacturer's wiring diagram submittal to
Electric Installer.
1. Verify that electrical wiring installation is in accordance with manufacturer's
submittal and requirements of Division-16 sections. Do not proceed with
equipment start-up until wiring installation is acceptable to equipment
installer.
A. General: After construction is completed, including painting, clean unit exposed
surfaces, vacuum clean terminal coils and inside of cabinets.
B. Retouch any marred or scratched surfaces of factory-finished cabinets, using finish
materials furnished by manufacturer.
C. Install new filter units for terminals requiring same.
171
SECTION 15850 - AIR HANDLING
PART 1 - GENERAL
2. "Basic Materials and Methods."
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following types of air-handling units:
1. Central station air handling units for indoor installations.
2. Utility set fans.
3. Inline centrifugal fans.
4. Power ventilators: roof- and wall-mounted.
5. Propeller fans.
section:
1. Division 15 Section "Vibration Control" for vibration hangers and supports,
isolation.
2. Division 15 Section "Electric Control Systems" for electric control devices.
3. Division 15 Section "Pneumatic Control System" for pneumatic control
devices.
4. Division 15 Section "Sequence of Operations" for control sequence
descriptions.
5. Division 15 Section "Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing" for air-handling
systems testing, adjusting, and balancing requirements and procedures.
6. Division 16 for disconnect switches, variable frequency drives, motor
starters.
C. Products furnished but not installed under this Section include roof curbs for roof-
mounted fans.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
15850 AIR HANDLING
10/16/00 172
A. General: Submit, 3 copies required, the following:
1. Product data for selected models, including specialties, accessories, and the
following:
a. Certified fan performance curves with system operating conditions
indicated.
b. Certified fan sound power ratings.
c. Motor ratings and electrical characteristics plus motor and fan
accessories.
d. Materials gages and finishes.
e. Dampers, including housings, linkages, and operators.
2. Shop drawings from manufacturer detailing equipment assemblies and
indicating dimensions, weights, required clearances, components, and
location and size of field connections.
3. Wiring diagrams that detail power, signal, and control wiring. Differentiate
4. Product certificates, signed by manufacturers of central station air-handling
units, certifying that their products comply with specified requirements.
5. Maintenance data for air-handling units, for inclusion in Operating and
Maintenance Manual.
6. Field quality control reports specified in part 3 of this section.
A. UL Compliance: Fans and central station air-handling units shall be UL listed and
labeled.
B. Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory and NEMA Compliance (NRTL): Fans
and components and central station air-handling units shall be NRTL listed and
labeled. The term "NRTL" shall be as defined in OSHA Regulation 1910.7.
C. NEMA Compliance: Motors and electrical accessories shall comply with NEMA
standards.
D. Electrical Component Standard: Components and installation shall comply with
NFPA 70 "National Electrical Code."
E. AMCA Labelled.
F. NFPA compliance: Central-station air-handling units shall be designed, fabricated,
and installed in compliance with NFPA Standard 90A Standard for the Installation
of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.
G. ARI Certification: Central-station air-handling units and their components shall be
factory tested in accordance with the applicable portions of ARI 430 Standard for
Central-Station Air-Handling Units and shall be listed and bear the label of the Air-
Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute.
15850 AIR HANDLING
10/16/2000 173
A. Lift and support units with the manufacturer's designated lifting or supporting
points.
B. Disassemble and reassemble units as required for movement into the final location
following manufacturer's written instructions.
C. Deliver units as a factory-assembled unit to the extent allowable by shipping
limitations, with protective crating and covering.
A. Coordinate the size and location of concrete equipment pads. Cast anchor bolt
inserts into pad.
B. Coordinate the installation of roof curbs, equipment supports, and roof penetrations.
C. Coordinate the size and location of structural steel support members.
D. Coordinate installation with roof contractor.
1.7 EXTRA MATERIALS
A. Furnish one additional complete set of belts and filters for each belt-driven central-
station air-handling unit.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Central air-handling units:
a. York International
b. Mcquay
c. Trane Co.
2. Utility Sets:
a. Barry Blower
b. Cook (Loren) Co.
c. Greenheck Fan Corp.
d. Trane Co.
3. Inline Centrifugal Fans:
a. Cook (Loren) Co.
b. Greenheck Fan Corp.
15850 AIR HANDLING
10/16/00 174
4. Power Ventilators:
a. Cook (Loren) Co.
5. Propeller Fans:
a. Cook (Loren) Co.
A. Testing Requirements: The following factory tests are required:
1. Sound Power Level Ratings: Comply with AMCA Standard 301 "Method
for Calculating Fan Sound Ratings From Laboratory Test Data." Test fans in
accordance with AMCA Standard 300 "Test Code for Sound Rating." Fans
shall be licensed to bear the AMCA Certified Sound Ratings Seal.
2. Fan Performance Ratings: Establish flow rate, pressure, power, air density,
speed of rotation, and efficiency by factory tests and ratings in accordance
with AMCA Standard 210/ASHRAE Standard 51 - Laboratory Methods of
Testing Fans for Rating.
2.3 FANS, GENERAL
A. General: Provide fans that are factory fabricated and assembled, factory tested, and
factory finished, with indicated capacities and characteristics.
B. Fans and Shafts: Statically and dynamically balanced and designed for continuous
operation at the maximum rated fan speed and motor horsepower.
1. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel designed to operate at no
more than 70 percent of the first critical speed at the top of the speed range
of the fan's class.
C. Belt Drives: Factory mounted, with final alignment and belt adjustment made after
installation.
1. Service Factor: 2.0.
D. Belts: Oil-resistant, nonsparking, and nonstatic, matched set.
E. Motors and Fan Wheel Pulleys: Adjustable pitch for use with motors through 15
HP; fixed pitch for use with motors larger than 15 HP. Select pulley so that pitch
adjustment is at the middle of the adjustment range at fan design conditions.
1. Belt Guards: Provide OSHA approved, steel belt guards for motors
mounted on the outside of the fan cabinet with provisions for readily
viewing tension and measuring shaft speed.
2. Sheaves shall have split, taper style bushings.
15850 AIR HANDLING
10/16/2000 175
F. Shaft Bearings: Provide type indicated, having a median life "Rating Life"
(AFBMA L
50
) of 200,000, calculated in accordance with AFBMA Standard 9 for
ball bearings and AFBMA Standard 11 for roller bearings. Bearings on shafts 1
or larger shall be grease lubricated. Provide extensions on grease fittings if
inaccessible.
G. Factory Finish: The following finishes are required:
1. Sheet Metal Parts: Prime coating prior to final assembly.
2. Exterior Surfaces: Baked-enamel finish coat after assembly.
H. Motors: See section 15030.
2.4 CENTRAL STATION AIR HANDLING UNITS
A. General Description: Factory assembled, sectionalized units consisting of fans,
motor and drive assembly, coils, damper, plenums, filters, drip pans, mixing
dampers and other accessories as indicated or scheduled.
B. Types: Central-station air-handling units included in this project are of the
following types:
1. Blow-through.
2. Draw-through.
C. Motor and Electrical Components: Refer to Division 15 Section "Electrical
Requirements for Mechanical Equipment."
D. Cabinet Materials: Formed and reinforced galvanized double wall insulated steel
panels, fabricated to allow removal for access to internal parts and components,
with joints between sections sealed.
1. Medium- and high-pressure units shall be constructed with additional
bracing and supports. Units rated at 5.5 inches w.g. and higher shall
connected to accessories sections with double-thickness neoprene-coated
flexible connection.
E. Insulation: Comply with NFPA Standard 90A "Standard for the Installation of Air
Conditioning and Ventilating Systems," for insulation.
1. Type: Coated, glass-fiber insulation, 2 inch thick and having a minimum
density of 1-1/2 pcf.
2. Location and Application: Factory encapsulated between inner liner and outer
casing panel.
15850 AIR HANDLING
10/16/00 176
F. Access Panels and Doors: Double wall insulated doors complete with hinges,
latches, handles, and gaskets. Latches shall be of the quick opening type.
1. Fan section shall have inspection and access panels and doors sized and
located to allow periodic maintenance and inspections.
G. Drain Pans: Formed sections of stainless steel. Fabricate pans in sizes and shapes
to collect condensate from cooling coils (including coil piping connections and
return bends). Fill space between double- wall construction with foam insulation
and seal moisturetight.
1. Drain connections: both ends of the pan. Pitch in both directions to allow
complete drainage; standing water prohibited.
2. Units with stacked coils shall have an intermediate drain pan or a drain trough
to collect condensate from top coil.
H. Fan Sections
1. Testing Requirements: The following factory tests are required:
a. General: Sound power level ratings shall comply with AMCA
Standard 301 "Method for Calculating Fan Sound Ratings From
Laboratory Test Data" and shall be the result of tests made in
accordance with AMCA Standard 300 "Test Code for Sound Rating."
Fans shall be licensed to bear the AMCA Certified Sound Ratings
Seal.
b. Unit's fans performance ratings for flow rate, pressure, power, air
density, speed of rotation, and efficiency shall be factory tested and
ratings established in accordance with AMCA Standard 210/ASHRAE
Standard 51 - Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Rating.
2. Fan Section Construction: Fan section shall be equipped with a formed steel
channel base for integral mounting of fan, motor, and casing panels. The fan
scroll, wheel, shaft, bearings, and motor shall be mounted on a structural steel
frame with frame mounted on base with vibration isolators of 2 minimum
height.
3. Fans and Shafts: Statically and dynamically balanced and designed for
continuous operation at the maximum rated fan speed and motor horsepower.
Fan wheel shall be double-width, double-inlet type with forward-curved
blades or backward-curved airfoil section blades as indicated. Forward-
curved blade wheels shall be galvanized steel or bonderized steel painted with
baked-enamel finish. Airfoil wheels shall be steel painted with zinc chromate
primer and an enamel finish coat. Fan shaft shall be solid steel, turned,
ground, and polished. Fan wheels shall be keyed to the shaft.
4. Shaft Bearings: Grease-lubricated ball bearings selected for 200,000 hours'
average life, with grease fittings extended to an accessible location outside the
fan section.
5. Fan Drives: Designed for a 2.0 service factor and factory mounted with final
alignment and belt adjustment made after installation.
15850 AIR HANDLING
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a. Belt Drive: Motors and fan wheel pulleys shall be adjustable pitch for
use with motors up to and including 15 HP and fixed pitch for use with
motors larger than 15 HP.
b. Motors shall normally be mounted internally within fan cabinets. If
motors cannot be mounted on the inside of the fan cabinet, provide
steel belt guards.
I. Coils
1. Testing Requirements and General Information: Refer to section 15790 and
as scheduled or indicated.
2. Coil Sections: Factory assembled double wall insulated section designed and
constructed to facilitate removal of coil for maintenance and replacement and
to assure full air flow through coils.
a. Medium- and high-pressure units shall have double gaskets between
sections and coil connection penetrations through casing sealed to
minimize leakage.
J. Dampers
1. Testing and General Information: Refer to controls section.
a. Damper operators shall be pneumatically or electically operated based
on operating pressures and characteristics of the system.
b. Damper operators are specified in division 15 section
Electric/Pneumatic Control Systems.
K. Filters
1. Air Filters: Refer to Division 15886 Air Filters for air filters required for
air-handling units.
2. Filter Section: Cabinet material and finish shall match the air-handling unit
cabinets, where integral filter sections are used. Section shall have access
doors on both sides of the unit adequately sized for easy replacement of filters.
L. Mixing Boxes
1. General: Mixing box shall consist of air blenders and mixing section fitted
together in one rigid section. Housing shall fit air handling unit without major
modification and be insulated and double wall construction to match air
handler. Air shall have uniform velocity access downstream components in
air handler and shall be mixed by a counter rotational swirling of the air
stream.
2. Mixing box shall be Blender Products or equivalent and shall meet the
effectiveness, pressure drops and velocity performance of Blender box.
2.5 UTILITY SET FANS
A. General Description: Belt-driven, centrifugal fans consisting of housing, wheel, fan
shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, and accessories.
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B. Housings: Fabricated from heavy-gage steel with side sheets fastened to scroll
sheets by means of welding or deep lock seam.
1. Inlet: Round duct collar, with inlet cone bolted to fan housing, removable
for wheel service.
2. Discharge: Slip-joint duct connection.
3. Housings Discharge Arrangement: Adjustable to 8 standard positions.
C. Fan Wheels: Single-width, single-inlet, welded to cast-iron or cast-steel hub and
spun steel inlet cone, with hub keyed to the shaft. Metal thickness of wheels, scroll,
and side sheets not to be less than that specified by AMCA for tag class of services.
1. Blade Materials: Steel.
2. Blade Type: Backward-curved, die-formed, or air foil, as indicated.
D. Shaft Bearings: Prelubricated and sealed, self-aligning, pillow-block-type ball
bearings. Bearing pedestals secured to main structured frame.
E. Spark-Resistant construction: Explosion proof motor end starter, non-sparking
wheel, where indicated.
2.6 INLINE CENTRIFUGAL FANS
A. General Description: Inline, belt-driven, centrifugal fans consisting of housing,
wheel, outlet guide vanes, fan shaft, bearings, drive assembly, motor and disconnect
switch, mounting brackets, and accessories.
B. Housing: Split, spun-aluminum housing, with aluminum straightening vanes, inlet
and outlet flanges, and support bracket adaptable to floor, side wall, or ceiling
mounting.
C. Belt-Drive Units: Motor mounted on adjustable base, with adjustable sheaves,
enclosure around belts within fan housing, and lubricating tubes from fan bearings
extended to outside of fan housing.
D. Wheel: Aluminum, airfoil blades welded to aluminum hub.
E. Spark Resistant construction: Explosion proof motor and starter, non-sparking
wheel, where indicated.
F. Accessories: The following accessories are required as indicated:
1. Volume Control Damper: Manual operated with quadrant lock, located in
fan outlet.
2. Companion Flanges: For inlet and outlet duct connections.
3. Fan Guards: Expanded metal in removable frame.
15850 AIR HANDLING
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4. Speed Control: Variable speed switch with on-off control and speed control
for 100 to 50 percent of fan air delivery.
2.7 POWER VENTILATORS: ROOF AND WALL MOUNTED
A. General Description: Belt-driven or direct-drive as indicated, centrifugal consisting
of housing, wheel, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly,
curb base, and accessories.
B. Housing: Heavy-gage, removable, spun-aluminum, dome top and outlet baffle;
square, one-piece, hinged, aluminum base with venturi inlet cone.
C. Fan Wheel: Aluminum hub and wheel with backward-inclined blades.
D. Belt-Driven Drive Assembly: Resiliently mounted to the housing, with the
following features:
1. Pulleys: Cast-iron, adjustable-pitch.
2. Shaft Bearings: Permanently lubricated, permanently sealed, self-aligning
ball bearings.
3. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel drive shaft keyed to wheel
hub.
4. Fan and motor isolated from exhaust air stream.
E. Accessories: The following items are required as indicated:
1. Disconnect Switch: Nonfusible type, with thermal overload protection
mounted inside fan housing, factory-wired through an internal aluminum
conduit.
2. Bird Screens: Removable 1/2-inch mesh, 16-gage, aluminum or brass wire.
3. Dampers: Counterbalanced, parallel-blade, backdraft dampers mounted in
curb base, factory set to close when fan stops.
4. Roof Curbs: Prefabricated, heavy-gage, galvanized steel; mitered and
welded corners; 2-inch-thick, rigid, fiberglass insulation adhered to inside
walls; built-in cant and mounting flange for flat roof decks; and 2-inch wood
nailer. Size as required to suit roof opening and fan base.
a. Overall Height: 12 inches.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine areas and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with
requirements for installation tolerances, housekeeping pads, and other conditions
affecting performance of central-station air-handling units and fans.
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B. Examine rough-in for steam, hydronic, condensate drainage piping and electrical to
verify actual locations of connections prior to installation.
C. Do not proceed until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION, GENERAL
A. Install central-station air-handling units and fans level and plumb, in accordance
with manufacturer's written instructions.
1. Support floor-mounted units on concrete equipment bases using neoprene
pads. Secure units to anchor bolts installed in concrete equipment base.
2. Support floor-mounted units on concrete equipment bases using housed
spring isolators. Secure units to anchor bolts installed in concrete
equipment base.
3. Suspended Units: Suspend units from structural steel support frame using
threaded steel rods and vibration isolation springs.
B. Arrange installation of units to provide access space around air-handling units for
service and maintenance.
C. Where steam coils are used, elevate coil section with factory or field fabricated
frames to allow gravity pitch of condensate system.
3.3 EQUIPMENT BASES
A. Construct concrete equipment pads as follows:
1. Coordinate size of equipment bases with actual unit sizes provided.
Construct base 4 inches larger in both directions than the overall dimensions
of the supported unit.
2. Form concrete pads with framing lumber with form release compounds.
Chamfer top edge and corners of pad.
3. Install reinforcing bars, tied to frame, and place anchor bolts and sleeves to
facilitate securing units.
4. Place concrete and allow to cure before installation of units. Use Portland
Cement conforming to ASTM C 150, 4,000 psi compressive strength, and
normal weight aggregate.
3.4 CONNECTIONS
A. Piping installation requirements are specified in other Division 15 sections. The
Drawings indicate the general arrangement of piping, valves, fittings, and
specialties. The following are specific connection requirements:
1. Arrange piping installations adjacent to units to allow unit servicing and
maintenance.
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10/16/2000 181
2. Connection piping to air-handling units with flexible connectors.
3. Connect condensate drain pans using full size piping, Type M copper
tubing. Extend to the nearest equipment or floor drain. Construct deep trap
at connection to drain pan and install cleanouts at changes in direction.
Insulate drain connection.
B. Duct installations and connections are specified in other Division 15 sections.
Make final duct connections with flexible connections.
C. Electrical Connections: The following requirements apply:
1. Electrical power wiring is specified in Division 16.
2. Temperature control wiring and interlock wiring is specified in Division 15
Section "Electrical Control Systems/Pneumatic Control Systems.
3. Temperature control wiring and interlock wiring is specified in Division 15
Section "Electrical/Pneumatic Control Systems."
4. Grounding: Connect unit components to ground in accordance with the
National Electrical Code.
A. Manufacturer's Field Inspection: Arrange and pay for a factory-authorized service
representative to perform the following:
1. Inspect the field assembly of components and installation of central-station
air-handling units including piping, ductwork, and electrical connections.
2. Prepare a written report on findings and recommended corrective actions.
3.6 ADJUSTING, CLEANING, AND PROTECTING
A. Adjust water coil flow, with control valves to full coil flow, to indicated gpm.
B. Adjust damper linkages for proper damper operation.
C. Clean unit cabinet interiors to remove foreign material and construction dirt and
dust. Vacuum clean fan wheel, fan cabinet, and coils entering air face.
3.7 COMMISSIONING
A. Final Checks Before Start-Up: Perform the following operations and checks before
start-up:
1. Remove shipping, blocking, and bracing.
2. Verify unit is secure on mountings and supporting devices and that
connections for piping, ductwork, and electrical are complete. Verify proper
thermal overload protection is installed in motors, starters, and disconnects.
3. Perform cleaning and adjusting specified in this Section.
15850 AIR HANDLING
10/16/00 182
4. Disconnect fan drive from motor and verify proper motor rotation direction
and verify fan wheel free rotation and smooth bearings operations.
Reconnect fan drive system, align belts, and install belt guards.
5. Lubricate bearings, pulleys, belts, and other moving parts with factory-
recommended lubricants.
6. Set zone dampers to full open for each zone.
7. Set face-and-bypass dampers to full face flow.
8. Set outside-air and return-air mixing dampers to minimum outside-air
setting.
9. Comb coil fins for parallel orientation.
10. Install clean filters.
11. Verify manual and automatic volume control, and fire and smoke dampers
in connected ductwork systems are in the full-open position.
12. Disable automatic temperature control operators.
B. Starting procedures for central-station air-handling units:
1. Energize motor, verify proper operation of motor, drive system, and fan
wheel. Adjust fan to indicated RPM.
a. Replace fan and motor pulleys as required to achieve design
conditions.
2. Measure and record motor electrical values for voltage and amperage.
C. Shut unit down and reconnect automatic temperature control operators.
D. Refer to Division 15 Section "Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing" for procedures for
air-handling-system testing, adjusting, and balancing.
3.8 DEMONSTRATION
A. Demonstration Services: Arrange and pay for a factory-authorized service
representative to train Owner's maintenance personnel on the following:
1. Procedures and schedules related to start-up and shut down, troubleshooting,
servicing, preventative maintenance with specific recommendations and
frequencies, and how to obtain replacement parts.
2. Discussion of contents of Operating and Maintenance Manuals specified in
Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Requirements."
B. Schedule training with at least 7 days' advance notice.
183
SECTION 15886 - AIR FILTERS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following types of air filters and accessories:
1. Extended-surface, disposable-panel filters.
2. Filter frames.
3. Filter gages.
Section:
1. Division 15 Section "Air Handling Units" for installing filters specified in
this Section for packaged and/or integral with air handling units.
2. Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories" for duct access doors required for
air filters.
3. Division 15 Section for control wiring for automatic temperature controls.
1.2 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data, 3 copies required, including dimensions, weights, required clearances
and access, assembly, flow capacity including initial and final pressure drop at rated
air flow, efficiency and test method, and fire classification.
B. Maintenance data for each type of filter and rack required for inclusion in
"Operating and Maintenance Manual".
A. NFPA Compliance: Comply with applicable portions of NFPA 90A and 90B
pertaining to installing air filters.
B. ASHRAE Compliance: Comply with provisions of ASHRAE Standard 52-76 for
method of testing and rating air filter units.
C. ARI Compliance: Comply with provisions of ARI Standard 850 pertaining to
testing and performance of air filter units.
A. Lift and support factory-assembled units only at designated lifting or supporting
points, as indicated on shop drawings. Deliver with protective crating and covering.
15891 METAL DUCTWORK
10/16/00 184
1.5 EXTRA MATERIALS
A. Furnish extra materials packaged with protective covering for storage and identified
with labels clearly describing contents. Deliver extra materials to Owner.
1. Provide one complete extra set of filters for each filter bank. If system
includes prefilters and afterfilters, provide both.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
of the following:
1. Air Filters and Filter Holding Systems:
a. Farr Co.
b. Fiberbond
2. Filter Gages:
a. Dwyer Instruments, Inc.
2.2 EXTENDED-SURFACE, DISPOSABLE, PANEL FILTERS
A. Description: (4) (2) (1) Factory-fabricated, dry, medium efficiency, extended-
surface filters with holding frames in sizes and having performance characteristics
as indicated, and listed as class 2 by UL.
B. Media: Non woven cotton fabric type, formed into deep V-shaped pleats and held
in place by a welded wire grid bonded to media. Effective open area to be not less
than 96%.
C. Media Frame: Nonflammable high wet strength with diagonal support members
bonded to each pleat frame to prevent unfiltered air from bypassing filter pack.
D. Sizes: 24x 24unless otherwise noted.
2.3 EXTENDED-SURFACE, DISPOSABLE BAG FILTERS
A. Description: Factory-fabricated, multi pocket, 100% synthetic media with anti-
microbial agent, welded and self-supporting pocket, in sizes and performance
characteristics as indicated; UL rating of at least class 2.
10/16/2000 185
B. Media: 100% synthetic media containing anti-microbial agent to inhibit mildew
and bacteria growth, and approved by USDA and FDA.
C. Sizes: 24 x 24 unless otherwise noted.
2.4 FRONT AND REAR ACCESS FILTER FRAMES
A. Framing System: 16 gauge or better galvanized steel universal holding frames,
designed for either upstream (front) or downstream (rear) filter servicing. Cut to
size and prepunch members for assembly into modules of size and capacity as
indicated. Vertically support filters to prevent deflection of horizontal members
without interfering with either filter installation or operation. Bolted assembly not
acceptable. Provide filter fasteners and centering capability.
B. Prefilters: Incorporate a separate track, removable from front or removable from
back, after removing afterfilters.
C. Sealing: Permanently gasket framing members to prevent bypass of unfiltered air.
Provide factory-installed, non-deforming, positive-sealing device for each row of
filters to ensure seal between filter elements.
2.5 SIDE-SERVICE HOUSINGS
A. Description: Factory-assembled, side-service housings with flanges to connect as
indicated. Construct of 16-gage (1.6mm) galvanized steel.
B. Prefilters: Integral tracks to accommodate 2-inch (50mm) throw-away filters.
Tracks to be adjustable and capable of accommodating universal holding frame.
C. Access Doors: Continuous gaskets on perimeter and positive locking devices.
Arrange so filter cartridges can be loaded from either access door.
D. Sealing: Incorporate positive-sealing gasket material on channels to seal top and
bottom of filter cartridge frames to prevent air bypass.
E. Provide brass static taps for pneumatic fittings between each filter bank.
2.6 FILTER GAGES
A. Diaphragm type with dial and pointer in metal case, vent valves, black figures on
white background, and front recalibration adjustment. Electrical components and
wiring leads to interface with Building Automation System.
1. Diameter: 3-1/2 inches (90 mm).
2. Range: 0 - 2.0 inches wg (0 - 500 Pa).
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B. Accessories: Static-pressure tips, tubing, gage connections, and mounting bracket.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Install filter frames and assemblies where indicated.
B. Install filter frames level and plumb, following manufacturer's written instructions,
the original design, and referenced standards.
C. Install air filters and holding devices of types indicated and where shown following
air filter manufacturer's written instructions and with recognized industry practices
to ensure that filters comply with requirements and serve intended purposes.
D. Locate each filter unit accurately in position indicated in relation to other work or
sections. Position unit with clearance for normal service and maintenance.
E. Install filters in position to prevent passage of unfiltered air.
F. Install filter gage for each filter bank.
1. Install filter gage static-pressure tips upstream and downstream of filters to
indicate air pressure drop through filter. Mount filter gages on outside of
filter housing or filter plenum in an accessible position.
3.2 CONNECTIONS
A. Coordinate filter installations with duct and air-handling unit installations.
A. Manufacturer's Field Service: Provide services of a factory-authorized service
representative to supervise the field assembly of components and installation of
filters and filter frames. Report results in writing. Consult with University to
obtain information on authorized service representative.
3.4 CLEANING
10/16/2000 187
A. After testing, adjusting, and balancing air-handling and air-distribution systems,
clean filter housings and install new filter media.
188
SECTION 15891 - METAL DUCTWORK
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes rectangular and round, metal ducts and plenums for heating,
ventilating, and air conditioning systems in pressure classes from minus 2 inches to
plus 5 inches water gage.
Section:
1 Division 8 Section "Access Panels and Doors" for wall- and ceiling-
mounted access panels and doors for access to concealed ducts.
2. Division 10 Section "Louvers and Vents" for intake and relief louvers and
vents connected to duct systems and installed in exterior walls.
3. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Insulation" for exterior duct and plenum
insulation.
4. Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories" for flexible duct materials, dampers,
duct-mounted access panels and doors, and turning vanes.
5. Division 15 Section "Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles."
6. Division 15 Section "VAV/FPVAV Boxes," for constant-volume control
boxes, variable-air-volume control boxes, and reheat boxes.
7. Division 15 Section "Electronic/Pneumatic Control Systems" for automatic
volume control dampers and operators.
8. Division 15 Section "Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing."
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Sealing Requirements Definitions: For the purposes of duct systems sealing
requirements specified in this Section, the following definitions apply:
10/16/2000 189
1. Seams: A seam is defined as joining of two longitudinally (in the direction
of airflow) oriented edges of duct surface material occurring between two
joints. All other duct surface connections made on the perimeter are deemed
to be joints.
2. Joints: Joints include girth joints; branch and subbranch intersections; so-
called duct collar tap-ins; fitting subsections; louver and air terminal
connections to ducts; access door and access panel frames and jambs; duct,
plenum, and casing abutments to building structures.
1.4 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. The duct system design, as indicated, has been used to select and size air moving
and distribution equipment and other components of the air system. Changes or
alterations to the layout or configuration of the duct system must be specifically
approved in writing. Accompany requests for layout modifications with
calculations showing that the proposed layout will provide the original design
results without increasing the system total pressure.
1.5 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit product data, 3 copies required, including details of construction relative to
materials, dimensions of individual components, profiles, and finishes for the
following items:
1. Duct Liner.
2. Sealing Materials.
3. Fire-Stopping Materials.
B. Record drawings including duct systems routing, fittings details, reinforcing,
support, and installed accessories and devices
C. Maintenance data for volume control devices, fire dampers, and smoke dampers, in
accordance with Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Requirements".
A. Qualify welding processes and welding operators in accordance with AWS D1.1
"Structural Welding Code - Steel" for hangers and supports and AWS D9.1 "Sheet
Metal Welding Code."
B. NFPA Compliance: Comply with the following NFPA Standards:
1. NFPA 90A, "Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and
Ventilating Systems," except as indicated otherwise.
10/16/00 190
A. Deliver sealant and fire-stopping materials to site in original unopened containers or
bundles with labels informing about manufacturer, product name and designation,
color, expiration period for use, pot life, curing time, and mixing instructions for
multi- component materials.
B. Store and handle sealant fire-stopping materials in compliance with manufacturers'
recommendations to prevent their deterioration or damage due to moisture, high or
low temperatures, contaminants, or other causes.
C. Deliver and store stainless steel sheets with mill-applied adhesive protective paper,
maintained through fabrication and installation.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SHEET METAL MATERIALS
A. Sheet Metal, General: Provide sheet metal in thicknesses indicated, packaged and
marked as specified in ASTM A 700.
B. Galvanized Sheet Steel: Lock-forming quality, ASTM A 527, Coating Designation
G 90. Provide mill phosphatized finish for exposed surfaces of ducts exposed to
view.
C. Stainless Steel: ASTM A 480, Type 316, sheet form, with No. 4 finish on exposed
surface for ducts exposed to view; Type 304, sheet form, with No. 1 finish for
concealed ducts.
D. Aluminum Sheets: ASTM B 209, Alloy 3003, Temper H14, sheet form; with
standard, one-side bright finish where ducts are exposed to view, and mill finish for
concealed ducts.
E. Reinforcement Shapes and Plates: Unless otherwise indicated, provide galvanized
steel reinforcing where installed on galvanized sheet metal ducts. For aluminum
and stainless steel ducts provide reinforcing of compatible materials.
F. Tie Rods: Galvanized steel, 1/4-inch minimum diameter for 36- inch length or less;
3/8-inch minimum diameter for lengths longer than 36 inches.
2.2 DUCT LINER
Note: Ductwork is externally wrapped and interior lining is to be avoided except
for specific areas as indicated on drawings.
A. General: Comply with NFPA Standard 90A and TIMA Standard AHC- 101.
B. Materials: ASTM C 1071, Type II, with coated surface exposed to airstream to
prevent erosion of glass fibers.
10/16/2000 191
1. Thickness: 1 inch.
2. Density: 1-1/2 pounds.
3. Thermal Performance: "K-Factor" equal to 0.28 or better, at a mean
temperature of 75 deg F.
4. Fire Hazard Classification: Flame spread rating of not more than 25 without
evidence of continued progressive combustion and a smoke developed
rating of no higher than 50, when tested in accordance with ASTM C 411.
5. Liner Adhesive: Comply with NFPA Standard 90A and ASTM C 916.
6. Mechanical Fasteners: Galvanized steel, suitable for adhesive attachment,
mechanical attachment, or welding attachment to duct. Provide fasteners
that do not damage the liner when applied as recommended by the
manufacturer, that do not cause leakage in the duct, and will indefinitely
sustain a 50-pound tensile dead load test perpendicular to the duct wall.
a. Fastener Pin Length: As required for thickness of insulation, and
without projecting more than 1/8 inch into the airstream.
b. Adhesive For Attachment of Mechanical Fasteners: Comply with the
"Fire Hazard Classification" of duct liner system.
2.3 SEALING MATERIALS
A. Joint and Seam Sealants, General: The term sealant used here is not limited to
materials of adhesive or mastic nature, but also includes tapes and combinations of
open weave fabric strips and mastics.
B. Joint and Seam Tape: 2 inches wide, glass-fiber-fabric reinforced.
C. Tape Sealing System: Woven-fiber tape impregnated with a gypsum mineral
compound and a modified acrylic/silicone activator to react exothermically with the
tape to form a hard, durable, airtight seal.
D. Joint and Seam Sealant: One-part, nonsag, solvent-release-curing, polymerized
butyl sealant complying with FS TT-S-001657, Type I; formulated with a minimum
of 75 percent solids.
E. Flanged Joint Mastics: One-part, acid-curing, silicone elastomeric joint sealants,
complying with ASTM C 920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Use O.
F. All stainless steel joints are to flanged unless noted otherwise.
2.4 FIRE-STOPPING
A. Fire-Resistant Sealant: Provide two-part, foamed-in-place, fire-stopping silicone
sealant or one part elastometric sealant formulated for use in a through-penetration
fire-stop system for filling openings around duct penetrations through walls and
floors, having fire-resistance ratings indicated as established by testing identical
10/16/00 192
assemblies per ASTM E 814 by Underwriters Laboratory, Inc. or other testing and
inspecting agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.
B. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following:
1. "Dow Corning Fire Stop Foam"; Dow Corning Corp.
2. "Pensil 851"; General Electric Co.
3. "Dow Corning Fire Stop Sealant"; Dow Corning Corp.
4. "3M Fire Barrier Caulk CP-25"; Electrical Products Div./3M.
5. "RTV 7403"; General Electric Co.
6. "Fyre Putty"; Standard Oil Engineered Materials Co.
A. Building Attachments: Concrete inserts, powder actuated fasteners, or structural
steel fasteners appropriate for building materials. Do not use powder actuated
concrete fasteners for lightweight aggregate concretes or for slabs less than 4 inches
thick.
B. Hangers: Galvanized sheet steel, or round, uncoated steel, threaded rod.
1. Hangers Installed In Corrosive Atmospheres: Electro-galvanized, all-thread
rod or hot-dipped-galvanized rods with threads painted after installation.
2. Straps and Rod Sizes: Conform with Table 4-1 in SMACNA HVAC Duct
Construction Standards, 1985 Edition, for sheet steel width and gage and
steel rod diameters.
C. Duct Attachments: Sheet metal screws, blind rivets, or self- tapping metal screws;
compatible with duct materials.
D. Trapeze and Riser Supports: Steel shapes conforming to ASTM A 36.
1. Where galvanized steel ducts are installed, provide hot-dipped- galvanized
steel shapes and plates.
2. For stainless steel ducts, provide stainless steel support materials.
3. For aluminum ducts, provide aluminum support materials, except where
materials are electrolytically separated from ductwork.
2.6 RECTANGULAR DUCT FABRICATION
A. General: Except as otherwise indicated, fabricate rectangular ducts with galvanized
sheet steel, in accordance with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standards,"
Tables 1-3 through 1-19, including their associated details. Conform to the
requirements in the referenced standard for metal thickness, reinforcing types and
intervals, tie rod applications, and joint types and intervals.
10/16/2000 193
1. Fabricate rectangular ducts in lengths appropriate to reinforcement and
rigidity class required for pressure classification.
2. Provide materials that are free from visual imperfections such as pitting,
seam marks, roller marks, stains, and discolorations.
B. Static Pressure Classifications: Except where otherwise indicated, construct duct
systems to the following pressure classifications:
1. Supply Ducts: 3 inches water gage.
2. Return Ducts: 2 inches water gage, negative pressure.
3. Exhaust Ducts: 2 inches water gage, negative pressure.
C. Crossbreaking or Cross Beading: Crossbreak or bead duct sides that are 19 inches
and larger and are 20 gage or less, with more than 10 sq. ft. of unbraced panel area,
as indicated in SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standard," Figure 1-4, unless
they are lined or are externally insulated.
2.7 RECTANGULAR DUCT FITTINGS
A. Fabricate elbows, transitions, offsets, branch connections, and other duct
construction in accordance with SMACNA "HVAC Metal Duct Construction
Standard," 1985 Edition, Figures 2-1 through 2-10.
2.8 SHOP APPLICATION OF LINER IN RECTANGULAR DUCTS
A. Adhere a single layer of indicated thickness of duct liner with 90 percent coverage
of adhesive at liner contact surface area. Multiple layers of insulation to achieve
indicated thickness is prohibited.
B. Apply a coat of adhesive to liner facing in direction of airflow not receiving metal
nosing.
C. Butt transverse joints without gaps and coat joint with adhesive.
D. Fold and compress liner in corners of rectangular ducts or cut and fit to assure
butted edge overlapping.
E. Longitudinal joints in rectangular ducts shall not occur except at corners of ducts,
unless the size of the duct and standard liner product dimensions make longitudinal
joints necessary.
1. Apply an adhesive coating on longitudinal seams in ducts exceeding 2,500
FPM air velocity.
F. Secure liner with mechanical fasteners 4 inches from corners and at intervals not
exceeding 12 inches transversely around perimeter; at 3 inches from transverse
joints and at intervals not exceeding 18 inches longitudinally.
10/16/00 194
G. Secure transversely oriented liner edges facing the airstream with metal nosings that
are either channel or "Z" profile or are integrally formed from the duct wall at the
following locations:
1. Fan discharge.
2. Intervals of lined duct preceding unlined duct.
3. Upstream edges of transverse joints in ducts.
H. Terminate liner with duct buildouts installed in ducts to attach dampers, turning
vane assemblies, and other devices. Fabricated buildouts (metal hat sections) or
other buildout means are optional; when used, secure buildouts to the duct wall with
bolts, screws, rivets, or welds. Terminate liner at fire dampers at connection to fire
damper sleeve through fire separation.
2.9 ROUND DUCT FABRICATION
A. General: "Basic Round Diameter" as used in this article is the diameter of the size
of round duct that has a circumference equal to the perimeter of a given sized of flat
oval duct. Except where interrupted by fittings, provide round in lengths not less
than 12 feet.
B. Round Ducts: Fabricate round supply ducts with spiral lockseam construction,
except where diameters exceed 72 inches. Fabricate ducts having diameters greater
than 72 inches with longitudinal butt-welded seams. Comply with SMACNA
"HVAC Duct Construction Standards," Table 3-2 for galvanized steel gages.
2.10 ROUND SUPPLY AND EXHAUST FITTINGS FABRICATION
A. 90-Degree Tees and Laterals and Conical Tees: Fabricate to conform to SMACNA
"HVAC Duct Construction Standards," 1985 Edition, Figures 3-4 and 3-5 and with
metal thicknesses specified for longitudinal seam straight duct.
B. Diverging-Flow Fittings: Fabricate with a reduced entrance to branch taps with no
excess material projecting from the body onto branch tap entrance.
C. Elbows: Fabricate in die-formed, gored, pleated, or mitered construction. Fabricate
the bend radius of die-formed, gored, and pleated elbows 1.5 times the elbow
diameter. Unless elbow construction type is indicated, provide elbows meeting the
following requirements:
1. Mitered Elbows: Fabricate mitered elbows with welded construction in
gages specified below.
a. Mitered Elbows Radius and Number of Pieces: Unless otherwise
indicated, construct elbow to comply with SMACNA "HVAC Duct
Construction Standards," Table 3-1.
b. Round Mitered Elbows: Solid welded and with metal thickness listed
below for pressure classes from minus 2 inches to plus 2 inches:
10/16/2000 195
1) 3 to 26 inches: 24 gage.
c. Round Mitered Elbows: Solid welded and with metal thickness listed
below for pressure classes from 2 inches to 10 inches:
2. Round Elbows - 8 Inches and Smaller: Die-formed elbows for 45- and 90-
degree elbows and pleated elbows for 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees only.
Fabricate nonstandard bend angle configurations or 1/2-inch-diameter (e.g.
3-1/2- and 4-1/2- inch) elbows with gored construction.
3. Round Elbows - 9 Through 14 Inches: Gored or pleated elbows for 30, 45,
60, and 90 degrees, except where space restrictions require a mitered elbow.
Fabricate nonstandard bend angle configurations or 1/2-inch-diameter (e.g.
9-1/2- and 10-1/2-inch) elbows with gored construction.
4. Round Elbows - Larger Than 14 Inches and All Flat Oval Elbows: Gored
elbows, except where space restrictions require a mitered elbow.
5. Die-Formed Elbows for Sizes Through 8 Inches and All Pressures: 20 gage
with 2-piece welded construction.
6. Round Gored Elbows Gages: Same as for nonelbow fittings specified
above.
7. Pleated Elbows Sizes Through 14 Inches and Pressures Through 10 Inches:
26 gage.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 DUCT INSTALLATION, GENERAL
A. Duct System Pressure Class: Construct and install each duct system for the specific
duct pressure classification indicated.
B. Install ducts with the fewest possible joints.
C. Use fabricated fittings for all changes in directions, changes in size and shape, and
connections.
D. Install couplings tight to duct wall surface with projections into duct at connections
kept to a minimum.
E. Locate ducts, except as otherwise indicated, vertically and horizontally, parallel and
perpendicular to building lines; avoid diagonal runs. Install duct systems in shortest
10/16/00 196
route that does not obstruct useable space or block access for servicing building and
its equipment.
F. Install ducts close to walls, overhead construction, columns, and other structural
and permanent enclosure elements of building.
G. Provide clearance of 1 inch where furring is shown for enclosure or concealment of
ducts, plus allowance for insulation thickness, if any.
H. Install insulated ducts with 1-inch clearance outside of insulation.
I. Conceal ducts from view in finished and occupied spaces by locating in mechanical
shafts, hollow wall construction, or above suspended ceilings. Do not encase
horizontal runs in solid partitions, except as specifically shown.
J. Coordinate layout with suspended ceiling and lighting layouts and similar finished
work.
K. Electrical Equipment Spaces: Route ductwork to avoid passing through transformer
vaults and electrical equipment spaces and enclosures.
L. Non-Fire-Rated Partition Penetrations: Where ducts pass interior partitions and
exterior walls, and are exposed to view, conceal space between construction
opening and duct or duct insulation with sheet metal flanges of same gage as duct.
Overlap opening on 4 sides by at least 1-1/2 inches.
3.2 DUCT LINING
A. Duct is normally wrapped externally. Internally line the following duct 1 thick:
1. All transfer ducts.
2. All supply duct downstream of VAV/FPVAV Boxes where shown on drawings.
3. All plenums above linear diffusers.
4. Other locations as shown on drawings.
3.3 SEAM AND JOINT SEALING
A. General: Seal duct seams and joints as follows:
B. Pressure Classifications Greater Than 3 Inches Water Gage: All transverse joints,
longitudinal seams, and duct penetrations.
C. Pressure Classification 2 and 3 Inches Water Gage: All transverse joints and
longitudinal seams.
10/16/2000 197
1. Pressure Classification Less than 2 Inches Water Gage: Transverse joints
only.
D. Seal externally insulated ducts prior to insulation installation.
3.4 HANGING AND SUPPORTING
A. Install rigid round, and rectangular metal duct with support systems indicated in
SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standards," Tables 4-1 through 4-3 and
Figures 4-1 through 4-8.
B. Support horizontal ducts within 2 feet of each elbow and within 4 feet of each
branch intersection.
C. Support vertical ducts at a maximum interval of 16 feet and at each floor.
D. Upper attachments to structures shall have an allowable load not exceeding 1/4 of
the failure (proof test) load but are not limited to the specific methods indicated. Do
not drill or punch holes in structural members for fastening of duct supports.
E. Install concrete insert prior to placing concrete.
F. Install powder actuated concrete fasteners after concrete is placed and completely
cured.
3.5 CONNECTIONS
A. Equipment Connections: Connect equipment with flexible connectors in
accordance with Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories."
B. Branch Connections: Comply with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction
Standards," Figures 2-7 and 2-8.
C. Outlet and Inlet Connections: Comply with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction
Standards," Figures 2-16 through 2-18.
D. Terminal Units Connections: Comply with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction
Standards," Figure 2-19.
A. The Owner will contract with an independent testing agency to perform, record, and
report leakage tests, unless otherwise indicated.
B. Remake leaking joints as required and apply sealants to achieve specified maximum
allowable leakage.
10/16/00 198
A. Adjust volume control devices as required by the testing and balancing procedures
to achieve required air flow. Refer to Division 15 Section "TESTING,
ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING" for requirements and procedures for adjusting
and balancing air systems.
B. Vacuum ducts systems prior to final acceptance to remove dust and debris.
199
SECTION 15910 - DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES
PART 1 - GENERAL
section.
A. Extent of ductwork accessories work is indicated on drawings and in schedules, and
by requirements of this section.
B. Types of ductwork accessories required for project include the following:
1. Dampers.
a. Low pressure manual dampers.
b. Control dampers.
c. Counterbalanced relief dampers.
2. Fire and smoke dampers.
3. Turning vanes.
4. Duct hardware.
5. Duct access doors.
6. Flexible connections.
C. Refer to other Division-15 sections for testing, adjusting, and balancing of ductwork
accessories; not work of this section.
ductwork accessories, or types and sizes required, whose products have been in
1. SMACNA Compliance: Comply with applicable portions of SMACNA
"HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible".
2. Industry Standards: Comply with ASHRAE recommendations pertaining to
construction of ductwork accessories, except as otherwise indicated.
3. UL Compliance: Construct, test, and label fire dampers in accordance with
UL Standard 555 "Fire Dampers and Ceiling Dampers".
4. NFPA Compliance: Comply with applicable provisions of NFPA 90A "Air
Conditioning and Ventilating Systems", pertaining to installation of
ductwork accessories.
15910 DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES
10/16/00 200
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Submit, manufacturer's technical product data, three copies required,
for each type of ductwork accessory, including dimensions, capacities, and
materials of construction; and installation instructions.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit manufacturer's assembly-type shop drawings, three copies
required, for each type of ductwork accessory showing interfacing requirements
with ductwork, method of fastening or support, and methods of assembly of
components.
C. Maintenance Data: Submit manufacturer's maintenance data including parts lists
for each type of duct accessory. Include this data, product data, and shop drawings
in maintenance manual.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 DAMPERS
A. Low Pressure Manual Dampers: Provide dampers of single blade type or
multiblade type, constructed in accordance with SMACNA "HVAC Duct
Construction Standards".
B. Control Dampers: Refer to Division-15 section "Control Systems" for control
dampers; not work of this section.
C. Counterbalanced Relief Dampers: Provide dampers with parallel blades,
counterbalanced and factory-set to relieve at indicated static pressure. Construct
blades of extruded aluminum with airfoil cross section, gasketed edges, aluminum
tie rod linking blades, provide 1/2" diameter ball bearings, 1/2" diameter steel axles
spaced on 9" centers. Construct frame of 2" x 1/2" x 1/8" steel channel for face
areas 25 sq. ft. and under; 4" x 1-1/4" x 16-ga. channel for face area over 25 sq. ft.
Provide galvanized steel finish on frame with aluminum touch-up.
D. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide dampers of one of
the following:
1. Air Balance, Inc.
2. American Warming & Ventilating, Inc.
3. Louvers & Dampers, Inc.
4. Ruskin Mfg. Co.
2.2 FIRE AND SMOKE DAMPERS
10/16/2000 201
A. Fire Dampers: Provide fire dampers, of types and sizes indicated. Construct
casings of 11-ga. galvanized steel. Provide fusible link rated at 160 to 165
o
F (71 to
74
o
C) unless otherwise indicated. Provide damper with positive lock in closed
position, and with the following additional features:
1. Damper Blade Assembly: Curtain type, blades out of airstream.
2. Blade Material: Steel, match casing.
3. Blade Material: Stainless steel for all systems constructed of stainless steel.
4. Closure spring for horizontal position.
2.3 TURNING VANES
A. Fabricated Turning Vanes: Provide fabricated turning vanes and vane runners,
constructed in accordance with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standards".
B. Manufactured Turning Vanes: Provide turning vanes constructed of 1-1/2" wide
curved blades set at 3/4" o.c., supported with bars perpendicular to blades set at 2"
o.c., and set into side strips suitable for mounting in ductwork.
C. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide turning vanes of
1. Aero Dyne Co.
2. Duro Dyne Corp.
3. Hart & Cooley Mfg. Co.
4. Register & Grille Mfg. Co., Inc.
2.4 DUCT HARDWARE
A. General: Provide duct hardware, manufactured by one manufacturer for all items
on project, for the following:
1. Test Holes: Provide in ductwork at fan inlet and outlet, and elsewhere as
indicated, duct test holes, consisting of slot and cover, for instrument tests.
2. Quadrant Locks: Provide for each damper, quadrant lock device on one end
of shaft; and end bearing plate on other end for damper lengths over 12".
Provide extended quadrant locks and end extended bearing plates for
externally insulated ductwork.
B. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide duct hardware of
1. Ventfabrics, Inc.
2. Young Regulator Co.
10/16/00 202
2.5 DUCT ACCESS DOORS
A. General: Provide where indicated, duct access doors of size indicated. Where sizes
are not indicated, provide 18 X 18 door in ducts 22and wider, and provide
maximum width door as recommended for mounting by door manufacturer for
smaller ducts.
B. Construction: Construct of same or greater gage as ductwork served, provide
insulated doors for insulated ductwork. Provide flush frames for uninsulated
ductwork, extended frames for externally insulated duct. Provide one size hinged,
other side with one handle-type latch for doors 12" high and smaller, 2 handle-type
latches for larger doors.
C. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide duct access doors
of one of the following:
1. Air Balance Inc.
2. Duro Dyne Corp.
3. Register & Grille Mfg. Co., Inc.
4. Ruskin Mfg. Co.
2.6 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS
A. General: Provide flexible duct connections wherever ductwork connects to
vibration isolated equipment. Construct flexible connections of neoprene-coated
flameproof fabric crimped into duct flanges for attachment to duct and equipment.
Make airtight joint. Provide adequate joint flexibility to allow for thermal, axial,
transverse, and torsional movement, and also capable of absorbing vibrations of
connected equipment.
B. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide flexible
connections of one of the following:
1. Duro Dyne Corp.
2. Flexaust (The) Co.
3. Ventfabrics, Inc.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSPECTION
10/16/2000 203
A. Examine areas and conditions under which ductwork accessories will be installed.
Do not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected in
manner acceptable to Installer.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES
A. Install ductwork accessories in accordance with manufacturer's installation
instructions, with applicable portions of details of construction as shown in
SMACNA standards, and in accordance with recognized industry practices to
ensure that products serve intended function.
B. Install turning vanes in square or rectangular 90
o
elbows in supply and exhaust air
systems, and elsewhere as indicated.
C. Install access doors to open against system air pressure, with latches operable from
either side, except outside only where duct is too small for person to enter.
D. Coordinate with other work, including ductwork, as necessary to interface
installation of ductwork accessories properly with other work.
E. Install manual balancing dampers in all low pressure duct branches.
A. Operate installed ductwork accessories to demonstrate compliance with
requirements. Test for air leakage while system is operating. Repair or replace
faulty accessories, as required to obtain proper operation and leakproof
performance.
A. Adjusting: Adjust ductwork accessories for proper settings, install fusible links in
fire dampers and adjust for proper action.
1. Label access doors in accordance with Division-15 section "Mechanical
Identification".
2. Final positioning of manual dampers is specified in Division-15 section
"Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing".
B. Cleaning: Clean factory-finished surfaces. Repair any marred or scratched surfaces
with manufacturer's touch-up paint.
10/16/00 204
205
SECTION 15932 - AIR OUTLETS AND INLETS
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Extent of air outlets and inlets work is indicated by drawings and schedules, and by
requirements of this section.
B. Types of air outlets and inlets required include the following:
1. Ceiling air diffusers.
2. Wall registers and grilles.
3. Louvers.
C. Refer to other Division-15 sections for ductwork and duct accessories required in
conjunction with air outlets and inlets; not work of this section.
D. Refer to other Division-15 sections for balancing of air outlets and inlets; not work
of this section.
A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacture of air
outlets and inlets of types and capacities required, whose products have been in
1. ARI Compliance: Test and rate air outlets and inlets in accordance with
ARI 650 "Standard for Air Outlets and Inlets".
2. ASHRAE Compliance: Test and rate air outlets and inlets in accordance
with ASHRAE 70 "Method of Testing for Rating the Air Flow Performance
of Outlets and Inlets".
3. NFPA Compliance: Install air outlets and inlets in accordance with NFPA
90A "Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating
Systems".
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical product data, three copies required,
for air outlets and inlets including the following:
1. Schedule of air outlets and inlets indicating drawing designation, room
location, number furnished, model number, size, and accessories furnished.
15932 AIR OUTLETS AND INLETS
10/16/00 206
2. Data sheet for each type of air outlet and inlet, and accessory furnished;
indicating construction, finish, and mounting details.
3. Performance data for each type of air outlet and inlet furnished, including
aspiration ability, temperature and velocity traverses, throw and drop, and
noise criteria ratings. Indicate selections on data.
B. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data, including cleaning instructions for
finishes, and spare parts lists. Include this data, product data, and shop drawings in
maintenance manuals.
1.4 PRODUCT DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Deliver air outlets and inlets wrapped in factory-fabricated fiberboard type
containers. Identify on outside of container type of outlet or inlet and location to be
installed. Avoid crushing or bending and prevent dirt and debris from entering and
settling in devices.
B. Store air outlets and inlets in original cartons and protect from weather and
construction work traffic. Where possible, store indoors; when necessary to store
outdoors, store above grade and enclose with waterproof wrapping.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 AIR DIFFUSERS/REGISTERS/GRILLES
A. General: Except as otherwise indicated, provide manufacturer's standard ceiling air
diffusers where shown; of size, shape, capacity and type indicated; constructed of
materials and components as indicated, and as required for complete installation.
B. Performance: Provide ceiling air diffusers that have, as minimum, temperature and
velocity traverses, throw and drop, and noise criteria ratings for each size device as
listed in manufacturer's current data.
C. Ceiling Compatibility: Provide diffusers with border styles that are compatible with
adjacent ceiling systems, and that are specifically manufactured to fit into ceiling
module with accurate fit and adequate support.
D. Types: Provide ceiling diffusers of type, capacity, and with accessories and finishes
as listed on diffuser schedule.
E. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide diffusers of one
of the following:
1. Krueger Mfg. Co.
2. Titus Products Div.; Philips Industries, Inc.
3. Tuttle & Bailey; Div. of Interface Corp.
15932 AIR OUTLETS AND INLETS
10/16/2000 207
2.2 LOUVERS
A. General: louvers are specified in Division 10. Coordinate size, style and finish
with drawings and specifications.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSPECTION
A. Examine areas and conditions under which air outlets and inlets are to be installed.
Do not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. General: Install air outlets and inlets in accordance with manufacturer's written
instructions and in accordance with recognized industry practices to ensure that
products serve intended functions.
B. Coordinate with other work, including ductwork and duct accessories, as necessary
to interface installation of air outlets and inlets with other work.
C. Locate ceiling air diffusers, registers, and grilles, as indicated on general
construction "Reflected Ceiling Plans", or on mechanical plans. Unless otherwise
indicated, locate units in center of acoustical ceiling modules.
D. Adjust blow pattern of all diffusers once building is occupied so as not to create
objectionable drafts.
E. Each grille, register, or diffuser shall have a manual damper installed in the duct for
rough balance. Note that this is above and beyond any damper which may be
specified as part of the diffuser device. Manual dampers are not required where
used for transfer or relief duty.
3.3 SPARE PARTS
A. Furnish to Owner, with receipt, 3 operating keys for each type of air outlet and inlet
that require them.
208
SECTION 15934 - VAV/FPVAV BOXES
PART 1 - GENERAL
section.
A. Extent of air terminals work required by this section is indicated on drawings and
schedules, and by requirements of this section.
B. Types of air terminals specified in this section include the following
1. Variable Volume Boxes
2. Variable Volume Boxes with integral hot water coils.
C. Refer to other Division-15 sections for testing, adjusting and balancing of air
terminals; not work of this section.
E. Refer to other Division-15 sections for temperature controls that are to be furnished
by others but installed as work of this section.
F. Refer to Division-16 sections for the following work; not work of this section.
1. Power supply wiring from power source to power connection on air
terminals. Include starters, disconnects, and required electrical devices,
except where specified as furnished, or factory-installed, by manufacturer.
A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firm regularly engaged in manufacture of air
terminals with characteristics, sizes, and capacities required, whose products have
been in satisfactory use in similar service for not less than 5 years.
B. Codes and Standards
1. ADC Compliance: Provide air terminals which have been tested and rated
in accordance with ADC standards and bear ADC Seal.
2. NFPA Compliance: Construct air terminals using acoustical and thermal
insulations complying with NFPA 90A "Air Conditioning and Ventilating
Systems".
15950 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION
10/16/2000 209
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Submit, three copies required, manufacturer's technical product data,
including performance data for each size and type of air terminal furnished;
schedule showing drawing designation, room location, number furnished, model
number, size, and accessories furnished; and installation and start-up instructions.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit, three copies required, manufacturer's assembly-type shop
drawings indicating dimensions, weight loadings, required clearances, and methods
of assembly of components.
C. Wiring Diagrams: Submit ladder-type wiring diagrams for electric power and
control components, clearly indicating required field electrical connections.
D. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data and parts list for each type of air
terminal; including "trouble-shooting" maintenance guide. Include this data,
product data, shop drawings, and maintenance data in maintenance manual.
A. Deliver air terminals wrapped in factory-fabricated fiberboard type containers.
Identify on outside of container type of air terminal and location to be installed.
Avoid crushing or bending and prevent dirt and debris from entering and settling in
boxes.
B. Store air terminals in original cartons and protect from weather and construction
work traffic. Where possible, store indoors; when necessary to store outdoors, store
above grade and enclose with waterproof wrapping.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
A. Manufacturer: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide air terminals of
the following manufacturer:
1. Titus Products Div.; Philips Industries, Inc.
2. Trane Co.
2.2 VAV BOXES
A. General: Provide factory-fabricated and tested pressure independent single duct
variable volume boxes as indicated, selected with performance characteristics that
match or exceed those indicated on schedule.
15934 VAV / FPAV BOXES
10/16/00 210
B. Casings: 22 gauge galvanized steel, internally lined with minimum 3/4 1 1/2
pound density fiberglas insulation, complying with UL 181 and NFPA 90A.
1. Provide hanger brackets for attachments of supports.
2. Leakage: Construct casings such that when subjected to 3.0-in w.g., total
leakage does not exceed 1% of specified design air flow capacity with
outlets sealed and inlets wide open. Construct air dampers such that when
subjected to 3.0-in w.g. inlet pressure with damper closed, total leakage does
not exceed 1% of specified air flow capacity.
C. Air Dampers or valves: Construct of materials that cannot corrode, do not require
lubrication, nor require periodic servicing. Provide maximum volume dampers,
both pressure dependent and pressure compensated, that are calibrated in cfm,
factory-adjusted, and marked for specified minimum and maximum air capacities.
Provide mechanism to vary air volume through damper or valve for minimum to
maximum, in response from signal from thermostat.
D. Controls: Factory mount DDC controller, varister and electronic actuator provided
under Electronic/Pneumatic Controls section. Closely coordinate controls
installation with Controls contractor. Provide internal fusing, air flow sensor, and
terminal strip. Provide integrel 120 volt/24 volt transformer of sufficient capacity
to run unit, as well as all external valving. Factory test entire unit. Controls shall be
Lonmark compliant.
E. Identification: Provide individual label on each unit indicating Plan Number, cfm
range, cfm factory-settings, and calibration curve. Provide a detailed wiring
diagram attached to each unit.
F. Hot Water Heating Coils: Where indicated on plans or schedules provide heating
coils contructed of copper tubes and aluminum fins with galvanized steel casing.
2.3 NOTE: Use of Fan-Powered VAV Boxes is avoided by the University. If need
arises
for usage, consult with University.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSPECTION
A. Examine areas and conditions under which air terminals are to be installed. Do not
proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected in manner
acceptable to Installer.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF VAV/FPVAV BOXES
A. General: Install air terminals as indicated, and in accordance with manufacturer's
10/16/2000 211
B. Location: Install each unit level and accurately in position indicated in relation to
other work; and maintain sufficient clearance for normal service and maintenance,
but in no case less than that recommended by manufacturer. Any unit located so as
to not provide adequate serviceability shall be relocated by the contractor at their
expense.
C. Duct Connections: Connect ductwork to air terminals in accordance with Division-
15 ductwork sections. Connections to medium pressure shall be with conical taps.
Provide a minimum of three inlet diameters of straight duct at inlet connection to
each unit.
D. Make pipe connections to hot water coils with swing joints to allow flexibility.
Coils shall include ball valve on supply, control valve and circuit setter on return,
manual air vent and drain valves with hose and fitting and cap unless shown
otherwise on drawings.
A. Upon completion of installation and prior to initial operation, test and demonstrate
that air terminals, and duct connections to air terminals, are leak-tight.
B. Repair or replace air terminals and duct connections as required to eliminate leaks,
and retest to demonstrate compliance.
3.4 CLEANING
A. Clean exposed factory-finished surfaces. Repair any marred or scratched surfaces
with manufacturers touch-up paint.
212
SECTION 15950 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 INTERACTION
A. Electronic direct digital controls (DDC) are the preferred method of controlling
building HVAC and other mechanical systems at WMU.
B. A campus Ethernet, modem, or other LAN connection must be installed early in the
life of a project (if one does not already exist) so that the controls contractor and
WMU personnel can remotely access the control system at the earliest possible time.
It is preferable that this is the permanent connection, rather than a temporary
connection, so graphical access is possible.
C. All HVAC control systems shall interface with the existing Invensys (Siebe, Barber-
Colman) Network 8000 control system at WMU, using BACnet (on Ethernet),
LonTalk (ANSI/EIA-709.1 on FTT-10 twisted pair), or Network 8000 proprietary
protocols. Interface means that all monitoring and control points can be accessed
from, and/or transferred to or from, the existing Network 8000 Global Control
Module network.
D. All monitoring and control points in a controller shall have the ability to be monitored
from WMUs existing HVAC graphical interface system. In addition, set points shall
have change access from this system.
1.2 INSTALLATION
A. LonWorks installations shall be installed so that different subsystems (HVAC, fire,
access, elevator, etc.) are each installed on separate segments of the LON network.
Routers can connect these segments to each other if control schemes or user interface
require it.
B. All wiring in mechanical spaces, or areas with exposed ceilings shall be installed in
conduit or electrical trays.
C. A duplex receptacle must be located within 6 feet of any control cabinet that contains
a programmable device.
D. All sensor and bus wiring shall be labeled at each end to identify what device and/or
contact point is at the other end of the wire.
E. All DDC thermostats shall have LAN access from the thermostat.
1.3 SOFTWARE
10/16/00 213
A. The control contractor shall provide WMUs EMCS/Network Manager with all
software needed to access and/or program any and all programmable devices installed
on a job.
B. Maintenance Time Reminders shall not be specified unless the design professionals
provide the control contractor with specific time intervals for each piece of equipment
that is to have an MTR. These time intervals shall be in accordance with the
equipment O&M recommendations.
1.4 DOCUMENTATION
A. The control contractor shall provide WMUs EMCS/Network Manager with all
programming manuals relevant to any and all programmable devices installed on a
job.
B. As-built control drawings shall indicate the location of all control devices.
C. As-built control drawings shall indicate the proper device layout sequence of all
control devices on a daisy chain communications bus.
1.5 TRAINING
A. One week of school at the factory-training site shall be provided for every $200,000
in controls cost to a project.
B. The control contractor shall provide training time on each project to fully familiarize
WMUs controls trades, on site, with the complete control functionality of all
controlled equipment. One hour of this training time shall be provided for every
$50,000 in controls cost to a project.
214
SECTION 15970 CONTROL SYSTEMS EQUIPMENT
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DEFINITIONS
A. A thermostat is defined as a wall mounted temperature sensor designed for occupant
use, controlling a VAV box, heat-pump, fan-coil unit, or other unitary space
temperature controller.
1.2 USER INTERFACE
A. Keypad access and a display screen shall be provided on all devices available with
such.
B. A Laptop PC access port must be a permanent part of all DDC control systems and/or
devices available with such.
1.3 THERMOSTATS
A. All thermostats shall be equipped with an override pushbutton. The controller
connected to the thermostat must have a 2-hour override capability.
B. All thermostats shall be equipped with a space temperature display.
C. All thermostats shall be equipped with a space temperature setpoint adjustment. The
device being controlled shall have the ability to use the setpoint from the thermostat,
or a remote setpoint from the BAS.
1.1 SENSORS
A. Current sensors on the motor leads shall be used to confirm fan and pump status.
PART 2 - LONWORKS
2.1 DEVICES
A. All LonWorks devices must be LonMark compliant. Documentation substantiating
this fact must be submitted for approval.
2.2 CONTROL PROFILES
A. All VAV and FPVAV terminal units must be equipped with DDC controllers that
comply with the LonMark VAV Controller profile.
15970 CONTROL SYSTEMS EQUIPMENT
10/16/00 215
B. All fan coil units must be equipped with DDC controllers that comply with the
LonMark Fan Coil Unit Controller profile.
C. All heat pumps must be equipped with DDC controllers that comply with the
LonMark Heat Pump Controller profile.
D. All variable speed motor drives must be equipped with DDC controllers that comply
with the LonMark Variable Speed Motor Drive profile.
216
SECTION 15980 - INSTRUMENTATION
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.2 THERMOMETERS
A. A thermometer shall be installed adjacent to any control sensor installed in a fluid
pipe.
B. Thermometer ranges shall be scaled so that normal operating temperatures are in the
middle of the thermometers range, and so that minimum and maximum operating
temperatures are not outside of the thermometers range.
1.3 GAUGES
A. A pressure gauge shall be install adjacent to any pressure control sensor.
B. A pressure gauge shall be install on the output of all electronic/pneumatic
transducers.
C. Gauge ranges shall be scaled so that normal operating pressures are in the middle of
the gauges range, and so that minimum and maximum operating pressures are not
outside of the gauges range.
1.4 SENSORS
A. A supply temperature sensor shall be installed down stream of the reheat coil on any
DDC VAV box with reheat.
217
SECTION 15985 - SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
PART 1 - EXECUTION
1.1 CHILLER CONTROL SEQUENCES
A. If the outside temperature is above 55 degrees, and at least one AHU supplied by a
chiller plant is running, the chiller system shall be enabled. If any one of these is not
true the chiller system shall be disabled.
B. If there is a diagnostic error in any of the sensors that effect control of a chiller plant
(in other words, the loss of this sensor would be harmful to chiller operations), the
chiller system will shut down.
C. Once the control system senses that a chilled water primary pump is running, the
chilled water secondary pumps shall start. In addition, if there are multiple chilled
water zones, at least one AHU fed by any given zone pump must be running before
that zone pump is allowed to run. If there are parallel pumps, the lead pump shall
start. The control system will control the speed of the frequency drive secondary
pump(s) to maintain a chilled water differential pressure on the system. If the
pressure can not be maintained with one pump, a second pump shall start (if
applicable), and then a third pump if necessary, etc.
D. Once the control system senses that a condenser water pump is running, the control
system will modulate the cooling tower valve and cooling tower fans (VFD) in
sequence to maintain the condenser water supply temperature at set point. The
cooling tower valve shall fail open to the cooling tower, and closed to the bypass.
2.1 AIR HANDLING UNIT (AHU) CONTROL SEQUENCES
A. Air Handling Unit Control - All Air Handlers:
1. When the supply fan is off, the outside air dampers, chilled water valve and
heating valves shall all be closed, unless the outside air temperature is below
35 degrees, in which case the heating valve(s) shall be open.
2. If an AHU has a chilled water coil, and the chiller status (the chiller that supplies
that particular AHU) is off for more than three hours, the outside dampers shall
not go to minimum position, and instead shall open to provide cooling.
3. If there is a diagnostic error in any of the sensors that affect control of an air
handler, the supply fan (and return fan if applicable) will shut down.
15985 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
10/16/00 218
4. A loss of main control air pressure (if the AHU has any pneumatically controlled,
normally open heat) will shut the AHU down.
B. Air Handling Unit Control - Single Discharge Units:
5. An air handling unit with a heating coil, mixed air dampers, and cooling coil, (or
any combination) shall modulate them in sequence such that the heating coil and
cooling coil never open together unless it is for a dehumidification sequence. The
mixing dampers shall modulate in sequence between the heating and cooling coils
so that on a call for mechanical heat, the outside dampers shall be at minimum
position. At outside temperatures below 60 degrees, and on a call for cooling, the
outside dampers shall modulate 100% open before the mechanical cooling
modulates open (chilled water), or is sequenced on (DX). At outside temperatures
above 60 degrees the outside dampers shall be at minimum position.
C. Variable Speed Air Handlers for Variable Volume Systems:
1. Air handler shall start if there is airflow demand from any one VAV box supplied
by that air handler.
3.1 TERMINAL UNITS CONTROL SEQUENCES
A. Variable Volume Box Control:
1. In the unoccupied mode, the damper and reheat valve (if applicable) will be
closed, and the airflow set point shall be 0 CFM. In the occupied mode, the
airflow set point will change between the minimum and maximum points to
control space temperature at set point. The VAV box damper shall modulate to
maintain airflow at set point. On boxes with reheat or radiant heat, once air flow
is at minimum and there is further demand for heat, the reheat valve (or radiant
valve) will open to maintain the temperature at set point.
2. An override push button shall be located on the thermostat, and shall provide a
two hour occupied override when the building schedule is in the unoccupied
mode. If an occupancy sensor controls the VAV box, the override push button
shall be disabled.
3. Occupancy schedules shall enable the VAV box controller, not the air handler.
See section 2.1-C-1 for air handler start sequence.
4.1 MISCELLANEOUS CONTROL SEQUENCES
A. No-Freeze Program: If the outside temperature is below 32 degrees and any
particular air handler (that has a chilled water coil) has a mixed air temperature below
40 degrees, the chilled water pumps that feed that AHU will start and the
chilled water valve on the affected air handler will open to move water through the
chilled water coil to prevent freezing.
15985 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
10/16/00 219
B. Parallel Pumps: If the lead pump fails, the lag pump should start in its place. The
lead-lag alternates every Monday at 7:00 AM.
C. Alarms: All fans and pumps which have both digital input and digital output points
shall be alarmed. The alarm shall be generated whenever the input and output
values do not match. The time delay on these alarms shall be 20 minutes
unless there is reason for a shorter delay.
D. Optimal Start/Stop: Optimal start/stop schedules shall be divided into groups
determined by room use, so that separate holiday schedules can run for each group.
The three groups currently recognized are offices, classrooms, and libraries.
220
SECTION 15986 MECHANICAL COMMISSIONING
PART 1 - EXECUTION
1.1 CONTROL SEQUENCES
A. The controls contractor shall demonstrate to a WMU representative that all control
points, sequences, and functions operate properly and as specified.
B. As-Built or commissioning drawings shall be provided to WMU prior to the
commissioning process for the purpose of commissioning.
C. Software listed in section 15900, part 1, 1.3 A, shall be provided to WMU prior to
commissioning.
221
SECTION 15990 TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING
PART 1 GENERAL
DESIGN GUIDELINES
1. Balancing contractor shall be an independent, certified member of Associated Air Balancing Council
(AABC) or National Environmental Balancing Bureau (NEBB) approval by
2. Balances may be contracted independently from Mechanical Contractor on larger projects
3. Balancer responsibilities include identifying and documenting construction deficiencies that would
preclude meeting design conditions and coordinating with appropriate trades to correct deficiencies.
This includes hydronic system, air systems, mechanical equipment, temperature control systems,
electrical pneumatic and steam supply systems.
4. Fully restore any openings created during testing, balancing, and adjusting.
5. Test and Balance Report: Provide 3 complete, bound copies reviewed and approved by the design
professional. Two draft copies may be requested for review prior to final copies if complexity of
project warrants.
a. At a minimum, the report shall include the following:
General Data such as project title, Test and Balance Contractor, General Contractor, date of
report submission, and certification.
System Review general discussion of systems, any deficiencies or problems encountered.
Schematic Air System Diagrams include all air terminals and pitot tube traverse locations
indicated in the test reports.
Air Handling Equipment Test Reports include fan curves showing design and actual points of
operation. Record manufacturer, model number, serial number; design and manufacturer-rated
data; actual CFM; suction and discharge static pressure of each fan; actual operating current,
voltage, and brake horsepower of each fan motor; fan and motor sheave manufacturer, model, size,
number of grooves, and center distance; belt size and quantity.
Duct Pitot Tube Traverse Reports Pitot tube traverse of main supply and return complete with
actual temperature and system pressure recorded.
Air Outlet Test Reports record area served; outlet manufacturer, type, size, and Ak factor;
design, preliminary, and final CFM and FPM.
Schematic Hydronic System Diagrams including all heat exchangers, pumps and locations of
flow measuring devices.
Pump Test Reports include pump curves showing design, actual, and no-flow points of
operation. Record manufacturer, size, and serial number; design and manufacturers rated data;
operating suction and discharge pressure and final total dynamic head; no-flow suction and
discharge pressure and corresponding total dynamic head; actual impeller diameter; actual
operating current, voltage, and brake horsepower.
15990 TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING
10/16/00 222
Primary and Terminal Heat Exchanger Test Reports record manufacturers and model numbers;
design and manufacturers rated data; service and location; actual pressure drop and related GMP,
CFM; primary and secondary side entering and leaving temperatures.
6. Provide advance notice to University of balancing schedule. The University Building Performance
Group may elect to monitor balancing process.
1. Conduct all testing and balancing in accordance with standards of applicable balancing organization.
2. Provide documentation certifying calibration of balancing instruments. Show traceability to National
Bureau of Standards where applicable.
3. Balance to +10/-5% of design values.

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