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A Comparative Chart of Christian Beliefs

Catholic Beliefs
Eastern
Orthodox
Lutherans Baptists Anglicans Methodists Presbyterians Evangelicals
Trinity
Belief in Christ's redemptive death
Jesus is both God and man
Salvation by Grace (Catholic definition)
All men have the possiblity of salvation (against
Calvin' s predestination doctrine)
Belief in Sacrifice of the Mass
Denomination has a valid ordination of Priests
(as judged by the Catholic Church)
Denomination has a valid consecration of the
Eucharist and belief in the Real Presence
Fidelity to the Pope as teacher of the Faith
Fidelity to the Pope as Apostolic Primate
Belief in the ability of the individual Christian to
lose salvation
Belief in distinction of sin (mortal and venial)
Belief in equality of Holy Scripture and Holy
Tradition (Deposit of Faith)
Adherence and recognition of all the Church' s
Ecumenical Councils
Bible canon contains 73 books including all
seven books in the Septuagint canon.
Baptism is normatively necessary for salvation.
Belief in all seven sacraments of the Church.
This table represents a general, sweeping overview of non-Catholic Christian beliefs and their comparison to the Catholic Church. Protestantism, by
definition, accepts private judgement of Scripture over Church authority (this happens to a lesser extent in Anglicanismand Lutheranism). Therefore, it is
difficult to pigeon-hole Protestant beliefs because of the resultant diversity of beliefs within denominations. Nevertheless, the above table is a useful tool
because it represents the majority opinion of that denomination. I have researched these beliefs by use of various websites (which are listed below) in an
effort to ensure accuracy. Nevertheless, if the reader believes I amin error please e-mail me a correction and I will investigate the matter.
The symbology of the table is fairly straightforward. Checkmarks indicate agreement with the Catholic position and an "X" indicates a dissenting opinion.
Question marks indicate that the matter is either unresolved in that particular denomination, or that the doctrine in question cannot be sufficiently answered
with a straight yes or no answer. For instance, in the case of the Eastern Orthodox churchs they generally agree with the Catholic definition of the Biblical
canon, but sometimes add additional books (such as Esdras III).
One last note on the various denominations. Eastern Orthodoxy should not be considered either a unified church or a Protestant deriviative. It has seperate
origins which resulted fromthe Great Schismof the eleventh century. Greek Orthodoxy, encompasses a handful of different local church communities that
are very nationalistic (such as the Greek and Russian Orthodox Church) and somewhat independent fromeach other. It is worth noting that variances in
beliefs (such as the biblical canon) do occur within the Orthodox schism. In the same vein, Protestantismis not a unified Church (although some claimit is
the unified church of "Christianity") because the various doctrines of each denomination conflict and are often mutually exclusive. Only the Catholic Church
has a unity of concensus on doctrinal matters because of its centralized authority in the Papacy and worldwide College of Bishops.
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--S.M. Miranda
Sources:
Methodists: Statement of Beliefs of the United Methodist Church
Their beliefs are extracted fromThe Book of Discipline of The United Methodist Church and is based on John Wesleys theology.
Presbyterians: Statement of Beliefs of the First Presbyterian Church in Waco
Their beliefs are primarily extracted fromthe 210
th
General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (USA) and are based on John Calvins theology.
Baptists: Southern Baptist Statement of Beliefs
It should be noted that by nature, Baptists are highly fractious and diverse in theological doctrines. They hold ultimate interpretation of Scripture at the
individual level, and therefore it is difficult to assess a broad, generalized view of their beliefs. Southern Baptist are the largest convention of Baptists in the
United States.
Lutherans: Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod Statement of Beliefs
The Lutheran systemof beliefs is based primarily on the The Book of Concord: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church written in the 16
th
century, and the Augsburg confession.
Anglicans (Church of England)/Episcopalians: Beliefs of the Anglican Diocese of Melbourne, Australia,
Anglican beliefs are chiefly summarized in Cranmers book of Common Prayer and the 39 Articles, written shortly after the King Henry VIIIs break fromthe
Catholic Church. The Lambeth conference of the American Episcopalians at the beginning of the 20
th
century also forms the basis of modern Anglican beliefs
(such as the new moral acceptance of contraceptive use) in the USA. High Church Anglicanism, is the Protestant denomination that bears the most similarity
to the Catholic Church.
Evangelicals: Evangelicalismis more a movement than a denomination. It sprang fromthe Methodist revivals of the 19
th
century. Therefore, it is highly
fractious in the matter of general Church authority. Nevertheless, their doctrines can be somewhat garnered fromthe spirit of the movement. You can view a
typical evangelical confession of faith here.
Eastern Orthodoxy: Beliefs of the Orthodox Christian Church in America
Orthodox beliefs are primarily based on adherence to the first seven ecumenical councils of the Catholic Church. Their primary objection to the authority of
the remaining ecumenical councils is rooted in a rejection of Papal primacy of authority and a theological disagreement on how to determine if a council is
ecumenical or not (Catholics believe that a Papal endorsement of doctrine froma general Church council makes it ecumenical).
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