HPS

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SUPPLEMENTUM AUDOLLENTIANUM
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ZARAGOZA - BUDAPEST - DEBRECEN
2013
HUNGARIAN POLIS STUDIES Nr. 20
HPS-20-fedel.indd 1 2013.07.17. 17:03:08
SUPPLEMENTUM AUDOLLENTIANUM
HUNGARIAN POLIS STUDIES (HPS)
University of Debrecen
Dept of Ancient History
H!"#$# Debrecen% E&yete' t(r $
)*+, - ./ 01 0$1 2## 3 11$.#
E4'*i5, ne'et6&yor&y7bt8e5te69: pforise817y*6ooco'
Nr 1#
E; by
Gy<r&y N('et6
HU ISSN $"$=4$=#>
?o4E;itor,
Sp*nis6 Ministry of Science *n; Innov*tion
1#$.
G@ARG@ NBMETH
SUPPLEMENTUM AUDOLLENTIANUM
CUDAPEST ! DECRE?EN ! DARAGODA
Re;*ctor '*n*&er
DEnie5 C*Fno8: G;E' SH*bI
J A9t6or
J E;itor of HPS
?over p6oto, DTA9; 1/.
ISCN 2=>42/.4"=.4/1#41
Printe; by
KODEL KAN@MG@GRTN K)T
C9;*pest
Contents
Acknowledgements..............................................................................................3
Bibliography..........................................................................................................5
Thematic bibliography of Auguste Audollent:.....................................5
Other references:......................................................................................
Abbre!iations.........................................................................................."3
". #ntroduction: About the genesis and the purpose of this book............."5
$. Audollent and the defi%iones......................................................................."&
3. The archi!al be'uest of Audollent..............................................................$3
3.". (efi%iones in the )us*e Bargoin..................................................$5
+. Charakt,res.....................................................................................................3&
+.". Territorial distribution of charakt,res..............................................+"
+.$. -resent location of the tablets............................................................+3
+.3 The Audollent archi!e in Clermont./errand.....................................+5
+.+. The sur!i!ing drawings........................................................................+0
+.5. The position of charakt,res in the te%t of defi%iones.....................+1
5. #conographical problems..............................................................................5"
5.". Audollent2s demons..............................................................................5"
5.".". 3o!e 4pell of Attraction...............................................................5$
5.".$. Curses of Obscure -urpose..........................................................53
5.".3. 5ladiators and 6enatores............................................................55
5.".+. Circus..............................................................................................5
5.$. The snake.headed demon....................................................................7
5.3. The horse.headed demon....................................................................5
5.+. The lion.headed demon.......................................................................1
5.+.". Tabula ansata.................................................................................&3
. Te%ts in bo%es.................................................................................................&1
&. Catalogue of drawings and photos..............................................................05
5reece.............................................................................................................05
#taly 89ome:...................................................................................................0
Africa 8Tunisia:.............................................................................................13
#mages................................................................................................................"$"
#mages of the Catalogue............................................................................"$$
Other images...............................................................................................$35
"
Acknowledgements
# would like to thank the Archi!es (*partementales du -uy.de.(;me in
Clermont./errand for all due help and for allowing me to publish the
results. # would like to e%press my gratitude to the head of the
Biblioth<'ue =ationale de /rance> )ichel Amandry and his chief
assistant> )athilde A!isseau.Broustet> for allowing me to study the
tablets in their collection and for gi!ing me all information they had in
their records. # owe a debt of gratitude to )me Chantal 3amesch> the
conser!ateur of the )us*e Bargoin> for her support of my research> and
also to the mayor of Clermont./errand> who consented to the
publication of the photos taken from the finds> which are the property of
the town. # am also much indebted to Thierry )ollard who pro!ided all
possible help in the )us*e Bargoin> to )arina -iranomonte and 9osanna
/riggeri 89ome: for the in!entory numbers of the 4ethianische
6erfluchungstafeln. # am grateful to ?milie /abre for her unpublished
uni!ersity thesis 8/abre $7"7:> though her data were not always reliable.
This study forms part of OT@A ABungarian 4cientific 9esearch /undC
programme no. @ 0"33$ 8Ancient magic> parallel researches: Curse
tablets and magic gems:> and the DaragoEa proFect titled Gspacios de
penumbra: Cartografia de la acti!idad magico.religiosa en el Occidente
del #mperio romano 89ef. //# $770H7"5"" I /#4O:. /urthermore> # am also
grateful to the Ale%ander.!on.Bumboldt.4tiftung> which contributed to
the tra!els indispensable for the research.
3
Bibliography
Thematic bibliography of Auguste Audollent:
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"17":: Carthage Romaine, 146 av. J.-C. 698 ap. J.-C. /ontemoing>
-aris.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"17$a:: =ote sur une nou!elle Ktabella de!otionisL trou!*e
M 4ousse. BCTH> +"&H+$5.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"17$b:: Tablettes magi'ues. #n: 5AJC@3G9> -. H 5OJ6GT> G. H
BA==GDO> 5.: Muses !e "ousse. -aris> 0+.05.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"173:: K(e!otioL ou K(efi%ioLN M#anges Boissier> -aris>
3&H+3.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"17+:: $e%i&ionum ta'e##ae (uot(uot innotuerunt tam in )rae*is
+rientis, (uam in totius +**i!entis parti'us propter ,tti*as, in
Corpore -ns*riptionum ,tti*arum e!itas. /ontemoing> -aris.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"175a:: 3ecture de deu% tabellae defi%ionis trou!*es M
4ousse. BCTH> C3OOO##HC3OOO###.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"175b:: 3es tabellae defi%ionum d2Afri'ue. BCTH> +33H+++.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"17:: 9apport sur des Ktabellae defi%ionumL r*cemment
d*cou!ertes M 4ousse. BCTH> 3&0H30&.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"170a:: 9apport sur des Ktabellae defi%ionumL r*cemment
d*cou!ertes M 4ousse. 84uite:. BCTH> 3H$".
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"170b:: 9apport sur deu% fragments de lamelles de plomb
a!ec inscription d*cou!ertes M 4ousse. BCTH> $17H$1.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"171:: A propos de la langue des Ktabellae defi%ionumL. R.,>
3H30.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"1"7a:: (eu% nou!elles defi%iones de Tunisie. BCTH>
"3&H"+0.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"1"7b:: Bandeau de plomb a!ec inscription trou!* a BaPdra
8Tunisie:. M#anges o%%erts / .mi#e Ch0te#ain> -aris> 5+5H55.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"1"$:: /ragment d2inscription sur lamelle de plomb trou!*e
M 4ouk.el.Abiod 8Tunisie:. BCTH> 35H350.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"1"3:: 4ur une Ktabella defi%ionisL de )entana. R.,> 35>
+51H+7.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"1$$:: Jne nou!elle tabella defi%ionis de Tunisie. BCTH>
0&H1".
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"1$5:: 3es tablettes de plomb d*cou!ertes M Carthage. BCTH>
CHC#.
5
4upplementum Audollentianum
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"137a:: =ote sur une pla'uette magi'ue de Carthage. CR,->
37> 373H371.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"137b:: (eu% tabellae defi%ionum trou!*es dans la /ontaine
au% mille amphores. Revue !e #1histoire !es re#igions> C##.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"137c:: Jne nou!elle tabella defi%ionis africaine. M#anges
2au# Thomas. Re*uei# !e mmoires *on*ernant #a phi#o#ogie *#assi(ue
!!i / 2au# Thomas> 5ent> "H$0.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"133a:: 3es inscriptions de la K/ontaine au% mille
amphoresL M Carthage. G%trait du Cin(ui3me Congr3s
-nternationa# !1,r*ho#ogie> Alger 8"+H" A!ril "137:> Alger>
"$7H"+7.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"133b:: Quel'ues aspects e%t*rieurs des tabellae
defi%ionum. M#anges o%%erts / M. 4i*o#as -orga> -aris> 3"H31.
AJ(O33G=T> A. 8"15":: (ouble inscription prophylactice contre la gr,le> sur
une croi% de plomb trou!*e en Tunisie. Mmoires !e #1-nstitut
4ationa# !e 5ran*e, ,*a!mie !es -ns*riptions et Be##es-6ettres> +3>
+5H&5.
Other references:
A6G33#=O> /. ). 8"0+5H"0+:: =otiEia di una iscriEione in lamina di piombo.
Bu##etino ar*heo#ogi*o napo#etano> +> -l. #. 3.
A6G33#=O> /. ). 8"0+0:: =otiEia di una iscriEione in lamina di piombo.
Bu##etino ar*heo#ogi*o napo#etano> > 01H17.
A69A)> A. H CB#9#AC> C. H #O=G3 )ATG#> #. 8$77&:: (efi%iones d2#stros. BCH> "3">
303H+$7.
BGTD> B. (. 8ed.: 8"10:: The )ree7 Magi*a# 2ap8ri in Trans#ation.
ChicagoH3ondon.
BG6#3ACQJA> 5. 8$773:: 3e ninfe Gphydriades nelle 4ethianorum tabellae di
9oma. #n: 3ADDA9#=#> ). 3. H 3O)BA9(#> -. 8ed d.:: 61-ta#ia *entro
meri!iona#e tra repu''#i*a e primo impero9 a#*uni aspetti *u#tura#i e
istitu:iona#i9 giornata !i stu!io, Roma, 1; !i*em're <==<. 9oma.
BG6#3ACQJA> 5. 8ed.: 8$7"7:: "*rittura e magia. >n repertorio !i oggetti is*ritti
!e##a magia gre*o-romana. 9oma.
BG6#3ACQJA> 5. 8$7"$a:: #O. ++.+5. 4ethianorum tabellae. #n: /9#55G9#> 9. H
59A=#=O CGCG9G> ). 5. H 59G5O9#> 5ian 5. 3. 8edd.:: Terme !i
$io*#e:iano. 6a *o##e:ione epigra%i*a. 9oma> 7$H73.
BG6#3ACQJA> 5. 8$7"$b:: #O> ++. (efi%io greca contro gli aurighi dalla !ia
Appia. #n: /9#55G9#> 9. H 59A=#=O CGCG9G> ). 5. H 59G5O9#> 5ian 5. 3.

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BG6#3ACQJA> 5. 8$7"$c:: #O> +5. (efi%io greca contro @ardelos dalla !ia
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the -nternationa# Con%eren*e he#! at the >niversit8 o% @arago:a, ;=.
"ept. 1. +*t. <==A. 3eiden H Boston> $"5H$++.
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la de!otio 9omaines. 4JU9GD (G 3A TO99G> G. H -?9GD S#)?=GD> A. 8edd.::
Mito 8 Magia en )re*ia 8 Roma. Barcelona> $15.
BO==G9> C. 8"157:: "tu!ies in Magi*a# ,mu#ets9 Chie%#8 )rae*o-.g8ptian> Ann
Arbor.
B9AC@)A==> 4. 8$7"":: Gin 6oti!tVfelchen mit einer ungewWhnlichen
Xeihinschrift fYr Deus. @2. "&0> $$"H$$$.
B9O(G94G=> @. 8$77$:: /rauen und )Vnner auf griechischen /luchtafeln. #n:
J3/> C. H 9O33#=5G9> 9. 8edd.:: )es*h#e*hter 5rauen 5rem!e .thnien
in anti7er .thnographie. Theorie un! Rea#itBt. #nnsbruck> +05H+1+.
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:um anti7en "*ha!en:au'er. /rankfurt am )ain.
CA5=AT> 9. 3. 6. 8"011:: Muse 6avigerie !e "aint-6ouis !e Carthage. Co##e*tions
!es 23res-B#an*s. -aris.
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$5H$+.
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5ran*e> $3"H$3$.
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)aldenHO%ford.
&
4upplementum Audollentianum
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+"$H+$".
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Jse of K6oodoo (ollsL in Ancient 5reece. C#assi*a# ,nti(uit8> "7>
"5H$75_ $7&H$$7.
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!euts*hen morgen#Bn!is*hen )ese##s*ha%t> ""&> $"5H$$$.
/O44J)> S. H 53ADG9> B. 8"11+:: 4eth in the )agical Te%ts> @2.> "77> 0H1$.
/9#55G9#> 9. H 59A=#=O CGCG9G> ). 5. H 59G5O9#> 5. 3. 8edd.: 8$7"$:: Terme !i
$io*#e:iano. 6a *o##e:ione epigra%i*a. 9oma.
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O%ford.
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"o*it !es ,nti(uaires> 5> 03H"7.
5AJC@3G9> -. 8"17+:: Annonce. BCTH> COC#6HCOC6.
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ar*ho#ogi(ues !e #1,#grie et !e #a Tunisie. Muses !e "ousse. -aris.
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)RB"> +> &3H0.
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la r*gion d2Baydra 8Tunisie:. Re*uei# !e noti*es et mmoires !e #a
"o*it ar*ho#ogi(ue !e #a provin*e !e Constantine> 31> 5H50.
0
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4pecial Corpora. )RB"> $> "5"H"1&.
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5> H&1.
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1
4upplementum Audollentianum
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in Allgau.
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semitis*he .pigraphi7> "> $H3+.
3#GTD)A==> B. 8"13+:: Gin 5nostiker in der =o!atianuskatakombe. Rivista !i
,r*heo#ogia Cristiana ""> 351H3$.
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Materia#i e *ontri'uti s*ienti%i*i per una mostra epigra%i*a,
-ns*riptiones "an*tae "e!is $_ CittM del 6aticano.
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-aris.
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5> +5.51.
)A4T9OC#=QJG> A. 8$7"$:: A magical name: ome#anpharo7: Be who wears a
black mantle. MH4H> "$> $01H$17.
)G9@G3BACB> 9. 8"11:: ,'rasa&. ,usgeIBh#te 2ap8ri re#igiJsen un! magis*hen
-nha#ts 4. .&or:ismen un! OK!is*hP*hrist#i*h 'eein%#usste Te&te.
Opladen.
)G93#=> A. 8"170:: 3ettre. BCTH> c%c!i.
)G93#=> A. 8"137:: Jne lamelle plomb trou!*e M Carthage. CR,-> 37> 33H35.
)#CBG3> 4. 8$77+:: $ie magis*hen )emmen. Berlin.
=?)GTB> 5y. 8$7"":: 4e'uences of charakteres in some circus defi%iones in
3atin from Badrumetum. ,C$> +&> 15H""7.
=?)GTB> 5y. 8$7"$a:: Audollentiana. ,C$> +0> "+"H"+&.
=?)GTB> 5y. 8$7"$b:: The snake.headed demon. MH4H> "$> "31H"5.
=?)GTB> 5y. 8$7"$c:: #l demone e 5esr Cristo. -n9 /9#55G9#> 9osanna H 59A=#=O
CGCG9G> )aria 5raEia H 59G5O9#> 5ian 3uca 8eds.: Terme !i
$io*#e:iano9 6a *o##e:ione epigra%i*a. )ilano> "1.
"7
Bibliography
=?)GTB> 5y. 8$7"3:: The horse.head demon. "8##oge .pigraphi*a
Bar*inonensis D".Bar*E> ""> &H$&.
O5(G=> (. 8$77$:: Magi*, ?it*h*ra%t, an! )hosts in the )ree7 an! Roman ?or#!s.
, "our*e'oo7. O%ford> $"0.
O3(/ATBG9> X. A. 8"170:: 3i!y #.$ and the supplicium de more maiorum.
T,2h,, 31> +1H&$.
-GZ9A4> S. 8"11:: Jn proc<s en r*habilitation. Berm<s H )ercure dans
l2amphith*stre de Carthage. $ia#ogues !1Histoire ,n*ienne> $$I$>
"$&H"+".
-#9A=O)O=TG> ). 8$7"7:: 9eligion and )agic at 9ome: The /ountain of Anna
-erenna. #n: 5O9(O=> 9. H 4#)T=> /. ). 8edd.:: Magi*a# 2ra*ti*e in the
6atin ?est9 2apers %rom the -nternationa# Con%eren*e he#! at the
>niversit8 o% @arago:a, ;=. "ept. 1. +*t. <==A. 3eiden H Boston>
"1"H$"3.
-#DDO=G> A. ). 6. 8$77&:: Glementi magico.rituali nel K(e pro!identiaL di
4inesio di Cirene: dalla liturgia di -5) #6 +&5H0$+ all2immagine
di Belioros. #n: -alme> B. 8ed.:: ,7ten !es <;. -nternationa#en
2ap8ro#ogen7ongresses. Xien> 5+"H5+0.
-OCCGTT#> -. 8$77$:: )anipolaEione della realtM e manipolaEione della
lingua: alcuni aspetti dei testi magici dell2antichitM. #n: )O99G4#>
9. 8ed.:> 6inguaggio 6inguaggi. -nven:ione "*operta. Atti del
Con!egno> )acerata./ermo> $$.$3 ottobre "111. 9ome> ""H51.
-9G#4G=(A=D> @. 8"137a:: (er 4tettiner 4argEauber. 5ors*hungen un!
5orts*hritte. > "+1.
-9G#4G=(A=D> @. 8"137b:: (ie griechischen und lateinischen Daubertafeln.
,r*hiv %Kr 2ap8rus%ors*hung, 1> ""1H"5+.
-9G#4G=(A=D> @. 8"133:: (ie griechischen und lateinischen Daubertafeln.
,r*hiv %Kr 2ap8rus%ors*hung> ""> "133> "53H"+.
-9G#4G=(A=D> @. 8"1&$:: /luchtafel. #n: Rea##e&i7on %Kr ,nti7e un! Christentum>
0> "H37.
-9G#4G=(A=D> @. et al. 8"1&3H"1&+:: 2ap8ri )rae*ae Magi*ae. $ie grie*his*hen
@au'erpap8ri
<
. Lo#s. ---. 4tuttgart.
9G#=ACB> 4. 8"010:: Tombe d2Badrum<te orn*e de Bas.reliefs en stuc. BCTH>
353H355.
9#5O(O=> 9. 8"1+:: 3a !ie et l2tu!re d2Auguste Audollent. BH",> 03>
""1H"$1.
4U=CBGD =ATA3uA4> C. 8$7""a:: Gscribiendo una !e%i&io: los te%tos de
maledictivn a tra!*s de sus soportes. ,C$> +&> &1H13.
""
4upplementum Audollentianum
4U=CBGD =ATA3uA4> C. 8$7""b:: The Bologna !e%i&ioDnesE 9e!isited> @2.> "&1>
$7"H$"&.
4U=CBGD =ATA3uA4> C. 8$7"$:: 5istus !i%#ois*at #anguat... 9e.reading of !e%i&io
Bologna $> @2.> "0"> "+7H"+0.
4BO9TG9> A. X. 8"135:: The 5od =ehebkau. Journa# o% .g8ptian ,r*haeo#og8>
$"> +"H+0.
4)#TB> 5. A. 8$77+:: The )yth of the 6aginal 4oul. )RB"> ++> "11H$$5.
4O3#=> B. 8"10:: Gine neue /luchtafel aus Ostia. CH6> +$I3> "H3".
4TAG(3G9> G: 8"13:: (as K4pottkruEifi%L !om -alatin: ein 6oti!bildN
Theo#ogis*he Fuarta#s*hri%t> ""&> $53.$7.
TO)3#=> 4. O. 8$77&:: 29emain 3ike 4tones> Jnmo!ing> Jn.running2:
Another 5reek 4pell Against Competitors in a /oot.race. @2.>
"7> ""H".
TO)3#=> 9. 8$7"7:: Cursing a Thief in #beria and Britain. #n: 5O9(O=> 9. H
4#)T=> /. ). 8edd.:: Magi*a# 2ra*ti*e in the 6atin ?est9 2apers %rom
the -nternationa# Con%eren*e he#! at the >niversit8 o% @arago:a, ;=.
"ept. 1. +*t. <==A. 3eiden H Boston> $+5H$&3.
T9G)G3> S. 8$77+:: Magi*a agonisti*a. 5#u*hta%e#n im anti7en "port. =ikephoros
Beihefte "7. Bildesheim.
6G94=G3> B. 4. 8"10&:: 3es imprecations et le droit. RH$5.> 5> 5H$$.
6G94=G3> B. 4. 8"11":: Beyond Cursing: The Appeal to Sustice in Sudicial
-rayers. /A9AO=G> C. H OBB#=@> (. 8edd.:: Magi*a Hiera. O%ford>
7H"7.
6#33G/O44G> A. B*ron de 8"17":: Tablettes de plomb 8tabulae e%ecrationum:.
Bu##etin !e #a "o*it 4ationa#e !es ,nti(uaires !e 5ran*e> 3$H33+.
6#33G/O44G> A. B*ron de 8"175:: 9apport. Bu##etin !e #a "o*it 4ationa#e !es
,nti(uaires !e 5ran*e> $1".
X#=@3G9> B. A. 8"137:: "iege# un! Chara7tere in !er muhame!!anis*hen
@au'erei. Berlin H 3eipEig.
XJ#33GJ)#G9> -. 8"1$&:: Cir'ue et astrologie. M.5R,> ++> "0+.$71.
Xw=4CB> 9. 8"01&:: $e%i&ionum ta'e##ae. -) ---, ;. ,ppen!i&. Berlin.
Xw=4CB> 9. 8"010:: "ethianis*he Ler%#u*hungsta%e#n aus Rom. 3eipEig.
Xw=4CB> 9. 8"177:: =eue /luchtafeln. Rheinis*hes Museum> 55> $3$H$&".
DOJB#9#> 4. =. 8$7"$:: 3e corpus des !e%i&iones nordxafricaines: le cas des
tablettes dites de -roclos et d2Barpocrati;n. .phesia grammata>
5> ".
"$
Bibliography
Abbre!iations
AG 61,nne pigraphi(ue
AC( ,*ta C#assi*a >niversitatis "*ientiarum $e're*eniensis
BCB Bu##etin !e Correspon!en*e He##ni(ue
BCTB Bu##etin ar*ho#ogi(ue !u Comit !es travau& histori(ues
BB4A Bu##etin histori(ue et s*ienti%i(ue !e #a haute ,uvergne
CB3 Commentationes Humanarum 6itterarum
C#5 Corpus #nscriptionum 5raecarum
C#3 Corpus #nscriptionum 3atinarum
C9A# Comptes-ren!us !es san*es !e #1,*a!mie !es -ns*riptions
et Be##es-6ettres
(TAud 4ee Audollent "17+.
(TXY 4ee XYnsch "01&.
59B4 )ree7, Roman, an! B8:antine "tu!ies
#5 -ns*riptiones )rae*ae
#5C6O Xessel> C.: -ns*riptiones )rae*ae Christianae Leteres
+**i!entis> Balle> "13.
#59 -ns*riptiones grae*ae a! res romanas pertinentes> ed. 9en*
Cagnat et a#. 3 !ols. -aris "1""H"1$&. 6ol. #> "1"".
#3C6 -ns*riptiones 6atinae Christianae veteres, Berlin>
"1$5H"13".
)G/9A M#anges !e #1Q*o#e 5ranRaise !e Rome9 ,nti(uit
-5) -apyri 5raecae )agicae> see -reisendanE "1&3H"1&+
9GA Revue !es tu!es an*iennes
9B(/G Revue histori(ue !e !roit %ranRais et tranger
4G5 "upp#ementum .pigraphi*um )rae*um
45( Sordan> (a!id 9.: A 4ur!ey of 5reek (efi%iones =ot
#ncluded in the 4pecial Corpora. )RB" $> "105>
"5"H"1&.
469 XYnsch> 9.: "ethianis*he Ler%#u*hungsta%e#n aus Rom.
Teubner> 3eipEig> "010.
Tremel Tremel> S.: Magi*a agonisti*a. 5#u*hta%e#n im anti7en
"port. =ikephoros Beihefte "7. Bildesheim> $77+.
D-G @eits*hri%t %Kr 2ap8ro#ogie un! .pigraphi7
"3
". #ntroduction: About the genesis and the
purpose of this book
#n )arch $771 # arri!ed as a !isiting professor to the #nstitute of Bistory
at Jni!ersit* Blaise -ascal in Clermont./errand> yet # could hold only
four of my lectures due to the strike of students who e!en occupied the
uni!ersity building. To take ad!antage of an une%pected amount free
time> first # !isited the )us*e Bargoin> the archaeological department of
which contains former director A. Audollent2s pri!ate collection of
!e%i&iones. The conser!ateur of the collection> )me Chantal 3amesch>
kindly allowed me to spend the remaining time e%amining the tablets
day by day. 4he informed me that the documents of Audollent2s be'uest
are kept not in the museum but in the county archi!e 8Archi!es (*parte.
mentales du -uy.de.(;me:. #n the archi!e # found a folder with all
drawings and photos produced by Audollent during the editing of his
$e%i&iones Ta'e##ae.
"
4ince an o!erwhelming maFority of these tablets ha!e
ne!er been published with drawings and only rarely with photos>
whereas many !e%i&iones ha!e been lost by now or ha!e become illegible
due to corrosion> # immediately recogniEed the significance of the
drawings. 4e!eral items were !ery dim or sketched onto blue photos>
which hampered their e%amination> howe!er> # resol!ed to disclose the
entire corpus for researchers of the magical tradition as soon as possible.
.n route # decided to collect not only Audollent2s sketches but also all
a!ailable drawings of !e%i&iones that ha!e been published. By con!erging
drawings of !arious background 89oman curse tablets by 9. XYnsch>
!e%i&iones published in hardly accessible Fournals or in !olumes of C#3:
and my own sketches of photos or of lead lamellae found in the Archi!e>
the concept of this magical picture book finally took shape.
$

# !isited the )us*e Bargoin and the Archi!e two more times> in
$7"7 and in $7""> to answer all 'uestions raised during the collection of
the material. The most difficult Fob was to identify drawings with items
published in (TAud or in !arious Fournals since Audollent wrote
in!entory numbers only onto some drawings or photos. /inally #
completed this task in two years. #t is a great pleasure for me to hand
o!er to colleagues whate!er # found and comprehended during these
three years. # might not ha!e been able to locate one or two drawings>
and # might e!en ha!e misidentified certain items 8which # hope # did
" Archi!es (*partementales du -uy de (;me> "1 S "$.
$ Own drawings: (TAud &$_ "1_ $30_ $3_ $&_ $07_ $1$_ BCTB "175."_ BCTB "17."_
BCTB "17.$_ BCTB "1"7."_ BCTB "1"7.$.
"5
4upplementum Audollentianum
not:> still> # gladly take the responsibility of all failures to make this
corpus of public property open to further in!estigations with the least
possible delay.
5yWrgy =*meth
DaragoEaHBudapest> $5 Sune $7"3
"
$. Audollent and the !e%i&iones
Auguste Audollent was born in -aris on "+ Suly "0+.
3
Bis father was a
clerk in the )inist<re des /inances. Audollent learnt 3atin and ancient
5reek as a secondary school student> thus he applied to the 4orbonne
and later graduated in classical philology. 4imultaneously> in "00&H"000
he studied 3atin epigraphy at the ?cole -rati'ue des Bautes ?tudes
under the direction of B*ron de 6illefosse> a famous epigrapher of his
time.
+
Be recei!ed his uni!ersity degree in "000> and from that autumn
he was working as a researcher at the ?cole franyaise de 9ome for two
years. /rom October "001 until /ebruary "017 he took part in an
epigraphical research e%pedition in Algeria. /rom "013 till his
retirement he worked as a teacher of 3atin language> literature and
epigraphy at the /aculty of Bumanities in Clermont./errand. #n early
"013 he !isited Carthage again> and encouraged by 9en* Cagnat and
Antoine B*ron de 6illefosse he started e%amining curse tablets
unco!ered in increasing numbers at the e%ca!ations of Carthage and
Badrumetum. Be intended to write his 3atin dissertation on this
subFect. As it was customary those days> he had to submit two treatises:
one in 3atin and another one in /rench.
5
Be returned to Tunis in "17"
at the re'uest of 9e!. Alfred 3ouis (elattre> director of the )us*e
3a!igerie de 4aint.3ouis 8today )us*e =ational de Carthage: to process
curse tablets kept in the museum:
SJe n1en ai point !*hi%%r ni %ait !*hi%%r !epuis #ongtemps. Beau*oup !e
*es #ame##es !e p#om' sont en*ore rou#es. Lous !evrie: venir passer
(ue#(ues Oours / Carthage pour #es !ve#opper et #es #ire. 6e muse
6avigerie en ren%erme p#us !e 1==. Lous vo8e: (ue vous aurie: !e (uoi
vous amuser.T
6

-aul 5auckler> director of the Bardo )useum in Tunis also
in!ited Audollent to e%amine their tablets that were found in Carthage
and Badrumetum and opened with new technology.
&
(uring his
Fourney to Tunisia> Audollent also !isited 4ousse to publish local
3 Biographical data ac'uired from the following references: (upont./errier "1+3_ (i<s
"153_ /abre $7"7_ Archi!es (*partementales du -uy.de.(;me. Audollent2s detailed
autograph autobiography is also kept in the Archi!e. Audollent published his own
bibliography until "1$" in Revue !1,uvergne 30> "1$"> 0H1".
+ (i<s "153> 33+.
5 This latter was the monumental Carthage romaine, 146 avant Jsus-Christ-698 apr3s
Jsus-Christ published in "17".
3etter from Alfred (elattre to Audollent> $1 April "17". Archi!es (*partementales du
-uy.de.(;me> nz "1 S "7.
& (ate of the letter: 0 August "17".
"&
4upplementum Audollentianum
!e%i&iones. #n his first studies about this subFect 8in the !olumes of
)ous*es de 4ousse: he published four curse tablets from Badrumetum>
and another lamella was published in a Fournal titled BCTH.
0
#n "173 he
published a theoretical sur!ey arguing against labelling curse tablets as
!evotiones> and he proposed to call them !e%i&iones consistently.
1
S6a !evotio se %ait a *ie# ouvert, p#us !1une %ois mGme !ans #1intrGt pu'#i*U
#a !e%i&io aime #es tn3'res U *e#ui (ui 8 a re*ours !e !issimu#e et en%uit
pres(ue touOours #a ta'#ette oV i# a ins*rit ses ma#!i*tions !ans un
tom'eau, !ans un puits, !ans #es eau& !1une sour*e.T
1=
Audollent was not the first scholar insisting on the term !e%i&io>
since 9. XYnsch used the same term for his corpus of Attic tablets
published in "01&_
""
still> Audollent2s article had a tremendous effect on
/rench literature 8which was paramount in the field of !e%i&iones due to
contemporary e%ca!ations in =orth Africa:> and the term !evotio was
shortly abandoned in /rench scholarship.
Be accomplished his opus magnum in an incredibly short period
of time: the $e%i&ionum Ta'e##ae was completed by "17+> containing the
te%ts of 375 curse tablets on 50 pages with commentaries and indices
8"+$ pages: enumerating not only human names> horse names> and
curse formularies> but also grammatical and orthographic details both
in 3atin and in 5reek te%ts. Be dealt with !arious problems of !e%i&iones
in the introduction 8"$0 pages:: edition history> category definition
8including differentiation from seemingly similar phenomena:>
technology 8material> inscribing> tools:> possible purposes and uses of
cursing. This sur!ey was the first comprehensi!e study e!er written on
the subFect> dealing with all problems in!ol!ed and taking into
consideration not only the 375 lamellae edited in his !olume> but also
all other known curse tablets 8mainly from Attica:: altogether +00
!e%i&iones.
"$
Audollent did not translate the te%ts and pro!ided drawings
0 Audollent "17$b> 0+H05. These items correspond to (TAud. $&$_ $&3_ $&+> and $&.
The fifth item 8Audollent "17$a> +"&H+$5: corresponds to (TAud $&5.
1 Audollent "173> 3&H+3.
"7 Audollent "173> +$. Alain Blomart has argued recently that !evotio was more
common in peaceful periods than in wartime 8e.g. the self.sacrifice of (ecius )us on
the battlefield:> and e!en more common on curse tablets> too 8tab. 4ulis> @ropp
3.$I"7: "u#i !evoveo eum:. Bis conclusion is as follows: K{ tra!ers toutes les
attestations mentionn*es ici> nous constatons donc 'ue la fronti<re entre religion et
magie et loin d2,tre imperm*able> m,me cheE nos anc,tres les 9omains.L Cf. 9eligion
ou magieN 3es te%tes oubli*s sur l2e!ocatio et la de!otio 9omaines. 4u|reE de la
Torre> G. H -*reE Sim*neE> A. 8edd.:: Mito 8 Magia en )re*ia 8 Roma> Barcelona> $7"3>
$15.
"" XYnsch "01&.
"$ (TAud %%%.
"0
$. Audollent and the defi%iones
of only three items> all from the edition of B*ron de 6illefosse.
"3

=ormally he did not include sketches of charakt,res> the only
e%ception being the charakt,r se'uences from Badrumetum.
"+

Bowe!er> this was not his fault only. Charakt,res were poorly neglected
until the early $777s. Bardly anybody had known about the drawings
he made of most tablets that he studied until the redisco!ery of these
documents in his be'uest in Clermont./errand> and no.one has e!er
thought of making them public.
"5
After the release of his !olume> Audollent became the most
recogniEed scholar in this field beside 9ichard XYnsch> and since
/rench e%ca!ations in =orth Africa re!ealed new curse tablets year by
year> these finds were sent to Audollent to publish them. Be issued two
other !e%i&iones from Badrumetum in "175 and a summary in /rench
about the language> onomastics> and other characteristics of =orth
African curse tablets in "17. #n "17& he published two lamellae>
currently kept in Clermont./errand> which were sent to him by the
)inist<re de l2#nstruction -ubli'ue> as it is written on the en!elope still
kept in the Archi!e. #n "170 he disclosed se!eral new !e%i&iones in two
articles> and in "171 he issued a short comprehensi!e study on the
language of curse tablets. #n "1"7 he disclosed two new !e%i&iones 8from
Bammam 3if and 4ousse: and republished (TAud $11 8from
Ammaedara> today BaPdra:> which he had edited in his !olume
following the erroneous reading of -aul Benri 5oetschy. #n "1"$ he
published a short 5reek fragment found in 4ouk.el.Abiod> then ne%t
year he wrote a discussion paper on the !e%i&io from )entana> followed
by a gap of an entire decade. #n "1$$ he published a 3atin lo!e spell
from /eriana 8# found its manuscript in Clermont./errand:> and in "1$5
he reported on four !e%i&iones from Carthage found in the 2/ontaine au%
)ille Amphores2 and promised to ha!e them published in the near
future> howe!er> he actually issued them eight years later.
"
#n "137 he
pro!ided a profound publication of a lo!e spell from Badrumetum
8kept in the 3ou!re: in the M#anges in honour of -aul Thomas. The aim
of the spell is to win the lo!e of 3ucifera2s daughter to Optatus.
"&
#n the
"3 (TAud $ 8only the drawing of the charakt,res:> (TAud $0 side A and B> (TAud
$0&. All three drawings are made by B*ron de 6illefosse.
"+ (TAud $&$_ $&5_ $&_ $&0.
"5 (a!id Sordan had also !isited the archi!e> as # found a scribbled note of his on an
en!elope> yet as # know he ne!er intended to publish the drawings.
" Audollent "1$5> c: K3a lecture> parfois laborieuse> est auFourd2hui termin*e. Se suis en
train de r*diger un commentaire e%plicatif> 'ui ne tardera gu<re M ,tre au point.L
Two of the four !e%i&iones were transferred from Audollent2s be'uest to the )us*e
Bargoin> in!. nr. &$.".$&5 and &$.".$&.
"& Audollent "137c> "H$0.
"1
4upplementum Audollentianum
same year he interpreted a snake.headed demon from Carthage as a
curse tablet. There is only the name beneath the demon2s legs:
Barpokrati;n> also called =eilos. As # argue for it in the chapter on
iconography> this item is more probably an amulet.
"0
The promised !e%i&iones were finally disclosed in "133 with
thorough commentaries.
"1
Audollent pro!ided drawings of the letters>
which highlight the frame structure of the te%ts. The frame and the
curse itself are both in 5reek on the circus !e%i&io> whereas only the
frame is in 5reek and the curse itself is in 3atin in the case of the two
items against a bath:
S$omini !ei tenete !etinete 5a#ernas ne(uis i##o* a**e!ere possit o'#igate
pero'#igate 5a#ernaruDmE 'a #ineuDmE a' ha* !ie ne(uis homo i##o*
a**e!at.T
#n "133 he also published a lead container from his own
collection in M#anges 4i*o#as -orga. There were three fragments of a
3atin curse tablet and a bronEe stylus placed in the container.
$7
Be did
not e!en attempt to pro!ide a reading of the tablet H the short article
was ob!iously written upon re'uest to honour a historian of a different
field of interest in a !olume hardly accessible to scholars of ancient
magic> thus this study became a typical K)*langes itemL.
The last contribution of Audollent in the field of magic is also
difficult to access. #t was written in "133> disclosing the inscription of a
Christian spell against hailstorm found in Tunisia inscribed onto a lead
cross 8(ouble inscription prophylacti'ue contre la gr,le> sur une croi%
de plomb trou!*e en Tunisie:.
$"
The e%emplary and systematic
e%amination of this inscription 8from APn /ourna: can be a
fundamental reading for scholars of !ulgar 3atin as well. The fate of
this article was determined by the history of the $7
th
century. The first
part of !olume +3 of )*moires de l2#nstitut =ational de /rance
Acad*mie des #nscriptions et Belles.3ettres was printed in "1+3.
Audollent2s writing was submitted to the second part> which howe!er
was printed in "15" H almost two decades after its composition. The
editing of the !olume must ha!e been postponed for years and
ultimately stopped during the 5erman occupation. The material was
"0 Audollent "137a> 373H371_ Sordan "105> "05> =r "+$. 4ee chapter 5.$. below 8KThe
snake.headed demonL:.
"1 Audollent "133a> "$7H"+7_ Sordan "105> "0+H"05. #t is curious that in Sordan2s !iew
=r. "+7H"+" are written Kagainst horsesL> though the two tablets are against
K/alernarum balineumL> i.e. against a bath.
$7 Audollent "133b> 3"H31.
$" Audollent "15"> +5H&5.
$7
$. Audollent and the defi%iones
printed only in "15"> after the consolidation of the political and
economic situation. Audollent> howe!er> did not li!e to see it finished.
Ba!ing re!iewed the studies of this e%cellent epigrapher in the
field of ancient magic> it is conspicuous that while he sometimes
published se!eral papers a year on curse tablets between "17$ and
"1"3> it was followed by a pause of nine years> and his pre!ious acti!ity
ne!er re!i!ed in this area. After "1"3 he prepared only two thorough
studies on magic: the finds of the 2/ontaine au% mille amphores2 and
the posthumously published phylactery. # found numerous
unpublished 8though publishable: !e%i&iones and amulets in his be'uest.
Xhat happened to Audollent after "1"3N
Ba!ing settled in Clermont./errand> Audollent got married>
had eight children and 3 grandchildren> whereas beside his teaching
career at the uni!ersity he started e%ca!ations in the temple of
)ercury in the hillside of -uy de (;me abo!e Clermont in the summer
of "17". /rom "173 until "131 he was the director of the )us*e
)unicipal de Clermont./errand 8today )us*e Bargoin:. #n "17$ and
"17 he lead e%ca!ations again on the top of -uy de (;me> a difficult
archaeological terrain. #n "175 he became professor at the /aculty of
Bumanities in Clermont./errand> where he retired only in "13&. #n
"17& he returned to Algeria and Tunisia to in!estigate further
inscriptions> yet his position as dean of faculty from "1"+ to "13& 8}:
and the e%ca!ations in the 9oman cemetery of )artres.de.6eyre
8"1$$H"1$3: consumed all his time. The emphasis of his academic
interest was shifted towards the archaeological finds of Au!ergne.
4e!eral curse tablets were sent to him to ha!e them deciphered> but he
did not ha!e time to deal with those. The internationally acclaimed
scholar of ancient magic gradually became the leading archaeologist
and epigrapher of Au!ergne and Clermont./errand. Bis renown was
somewhat o!ershadowed by the scandal around the inscriptions found
in 5loEel> which he considered =eolithic 8}: but turned out to be hardly
legible !ulgar 3atin te%ts.
$$
#n spite of this> his national reputation did
not diminish significantly> and he became a corresponding member of
the #nstitut de /rance in "1"&> and a regular member of the Acad*mie
des #nscriptions et Belles.3ettres in "13$.
(uring the 5erman occupation of /rance> Clermont./errand
belonged to the territory of the 6ichy 5o!ernment between "1+7 and
August "1++. Xhen Audollent died in & April "1+3 8following his wife to
the gra!e> who got ill while working for the 9ed Cross:> only a short
obituary was published in -aris. A eulogy more worthy of his character
$$ Audollent> A.: 61nigme !e )#o:e#. -aris> "1$&.
$"
4upplementum Audollentianum
was published only ten years later> in "153.
$3
Though a street is named
after him in Clemont./errand> his life achie!ement 8especially the part
relating to ancient magic: still awaits redisco!ery. # hope this book can
contribute to it.
$3 (i<s "153.
$$