MELIA DUBIA

A GOLD YIELDING PLANTATION IN YOUR

FARM LAND PARTICULARLY FOR
ABSENTIA FARMERS WITHOUT MUCH
EFFORTS
CULTIVATION OF MELIA DUBIA
( TAMIL: MALAI VEMBU TELUGU: MALABAR VEPA)
Mar = kuriau! " Gu#=$a%uka&ar' T()* = Mu++a!ikarak,'
Ta- = Ma)ai .(-/u ' $a+ = H(//(.!)" $ari/.a- '
Ma) = Ma)a.(-/u ' Ori0a = Ba!ra*
Na-( 12 !3( Tr(( : M()ia Du/ia ( Tamil: Malai Vembu )
1
EARN MILLIONS WITH MELIA DUBIA**********
Melia Dubia is the fastest growing tree and the wood from this tree is used in
Plywood Industry. 400 trees an be !lanted in an are that feth "#$%0 la&hs
in'$(years.
)ynonym: Melia om!osita willd. *amily: Miliaeae.
+ large tree, attaining a height of %0 m. with a s!reading rown and a
ylindrial straight bole of - m. length . ".%$".# m. girth found in )i&&im
/imalayas, 0orth 1engal. 2!!er +ssam, 3hasi /ills, hills of 4rissa, 0.5iras,
Dean and 6estern 7hats at altitudes of "#00 8 "900 m.
It grows ra!idly and is used for reforestation !ur!oses. (Trou!, I "9': 1ur&ill, II
"44:: 1or, %#:) and yields a useful timber.
SITE4FACTORS
In its natural habitat the absolute ma;imum shade tem!erature <aries from
:(.#84(.# 5 and the absolute minimum from 08"# 5. It does well in moist
regions, with a mean annual rainfall e;eeding "000 mm. The mean relati<e
humidity in =uly <aries from (08-0> and in =anuary from #0890 >.
TOPOGRAPHY
It is ommonly found in the hills at ele<ations ranging from '00 8 "900m.
CULTIVATION
The rooted sa!lings are !lanted onset of the monsoon or during the
monsoon.
The suggested !it si?e is %@ ; %@$0.'0m 5ube.
As!aement of :.# m ; :.# m is reommended. This will gi<e better girth in
shorter duration.
2
GROWTHSTATISTICS
The growth is ra!id. 7+M1BA)@s s!eimens ga<e 9 8 "% ringsCdm of radius
(meanannual girth inrement #.: 8 9 m) for a Tamil 0adu s!eimen, and %9
ringsCdm (mean annual girth inrement %.: m) for a s!eimen from 1engal.
0orth 3anara in 3arnata&a s!eimen showed "%$"' ringsCdm of radius
(T+B14T, "-0-) gi<ing a mean annual girth inrement of 4 8#.: m. Trees
grown in the 5alutta 1otanial gardens from s!eimen from Malbar origin are
said to ha<e reahed in ( years an a<erage height of "4m and a girth of ""%
m at breast height. This rate of growth is eDui<alent to 4 ringsC dm of radius.
A<en in om!arati<ely dry regions with a rainfall of (#0 8 "000 mm, a height
of : 8 4.# m is obtained in !lantations, against '$(.# m in more fa<ourable
loations.
UTILISATION
Physial and Mehanial Pro!erties of the 6ood
The sa!wood is grayish$white, usually with a yellowish astE the F heartwood @
is light !in& to light red when first e;!osed, ageing to !ale russet brown,
subGet to grey stain. It is lustrous and without harateristi odour or taste.
It is <ery light (s!.gr., a!!ro;imately 0.:4, weight at "% # moisture ontent
about ::' &gCm:), straight$grained, oarse and somewhat une<en$
te;tured. +nnualgrowth rings are distint but not ons!iuous and number "%$
"' C dm of radius.
)easoning and Preser<ation beha<ior
The timber seasons well if the logs are on<erted in a green state, though if
left long in the log, it is liable to de<elo! end s!litting and deoration. Bi&e
many other meliaeous timbers, it ontrats <ery onsiderably aross the
grain while drying out. The best method of dealing with the timber is to on<ert
the logs as soon after felling as !ossible and to o!en sta& the sawn material,
!referably undero<er to a<oid grey stain.
3
Present day uses
The wood is used for !a&ing ases, igar bo;es, eiling !lan&s, building
!ur!oses, agriultural im!lements, !enils, math bo;es, s!lints and
&attamarans. In )rilan&a, it is em!loyed for outriggers of boats. It is suitable
for musial instruments, tea bo;es and the most im!ortantly in ma&ing
!lywood, as the wood is anti$termite by itself.
The details of Duality H tehnial s!eifiations are as follows.
") The logs had <ery high moisture ontents and were green.
%) +ll logs were round and good for !eeling. Ioundness seems to be inherent
Duality of this tree.
:) Bogs !eel easily.
4) 4utturn is e;ellent 8 (0> H better in fresh ut logs.
#) Veneer strong and firm.
') Two small logs were !eeled for faes. Juality obtained was ae!table.
() M.I.7rade Plywood !ressed with these <eneers and in ombination with
other <eneers ga<e e;ellent results.
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M()ia %u/ia
Melia dubia originates from the Meliaeae family and is an indigenous
s!eies of tree to India, )outh Aast +sia and +ustralia, where it has
been ulti<ated as a soure of firewood.
Melia dubia is also alled as a Maha neem or *orest neem. 6hih is
fastest growing tree s!eies, with in '$( years the !lantation is ready to
har<est.
The wood is ha<ing good demand from !ly wood industries.
Melia Dubia is the fastest growing tree and the wood from this tree is
used in Plywood Industry.
It is ommonly found in the hills at ele<ations ranging from '00 8
"900m.
It is oasionally !lanted for ornament and ma&es a handsome a<enue
tree and a shade tree in !lantations.
It grows ra!idly and is used for afforestation !ur!oses.
It an be raised either by diret sowing or !lanting in nursery for raising
seedlings or stum!s.
The best seed treatment is treating the seeds with owdung solution for
one day.
The wood is used for !a&ing ases, igar bo;es, eiling !lan&s,
building !ur!oses, agriultural im!lements, !enils, math bo;es,
s!lints and 3attamarams.
In 5eylon, it is em!loyed for outriggers of boats.
The fruit of the !lant is bitter. It is onsidered anthelminti.
It gi<es !ositi<e tests with al&aloid reagents.
M. dubia ours in the tro!ial moist deiduous forests of the )i&&im,
/imalayas, 0orth 1engal and u!!er+ssam, the 3hasi hills of 4rissa,
0.5irars, Dean and the 6estern 7hats, at altitudes of ",#00$",900
meters.
It is &nown to yield useful timber.
M. dubia grows on a <ariety of soilsE howe<er, it grows well in dee!,
fertile and sandy loam soils.
M. dubia an be !ro!agated by seed, uttings and by tissue ulture.
In the indigenous system of mediine, the lea<es of Melia a?edarah
Binn. (*amily $ Meliaeae) are re!orted to be useful in the treatment of
urinary stones.
The wood an be sold for math and <eneer industry.
6ith the de<elo!ment of new loned !ro!agation of Melia dubia
!lantation(Malabar neem tree$ a <ery fast growing tree, with high
alorifi <alue)whih an be used as fire wood for !ower generation
has o!ened new o!!ortunities for small and medium bio$mass !ower
generation !roGets.
5
Melia dubia has the uniDue feature of growing to 40 feet within two
years from !lanting and an be mehanially !runed and har<ested.
+s the demand for Melia wood is Duite high from the !lywood industry,
minimum !rofit of about Is.",00,000 !er year from an are an be
ensured for the farmers e<en in worst 5onditions.
Melia dubia has been tested !ositi<e for !ul!wood and reorded a !ul!
yield of #0.:> along with &a!!a number of "-.'0.
The <arious !arts of Melia dubia (Meliaeae) !lant was obser<ed to be
used by the loal tribes of 0ilgiris for <arious infetions.
Biterature re<eals that fruits of Melia dubia is onsidered to be
im!ortant in oli and s&in diseases and also as anthelminti.
Bea<es and seeds of this !lant were re!orted to !ossess two
tetranotriter!enoids, om!ositin and om!ositolide.
The tree with the minimum si?e of "'inhes girth is saleable at the
minimum rate of Is %000 !er tonne for math industry and for
<eneer industry, the mar&et rate is little higher.
7eneral Information
Melia Dubia 5a<.
Malunggaian
Melia dubia 5a<. $ Meliaeae
Information for Melia dubia
+ tree s!eies referene and seletion guide $ Melia a?edarah
5ulti<ation
5ulti<ation of Melia dubia ( Tamil: Malai Vembu )
+ 1oo& of Melia dubia (Malai Vembu)
5ulti<ation and Management of Melia Dubia
Melia Dubia 5ulti<ation
5ulti<ation H Management $ Melia Dubia
Plantation H )eeds
Plantation tehnology
for seleted indigenous trees
in the Indian !eninsula
6
)eed Beaflet $ Melia a?edarah B.
*atty +id 5om!osition of )eed 4ils of the Meliaeae,
Inluding 4ne 7enus Iih in is$Vaeni +id
Melia a?edarah seeds $ "0 fresh seeds $ 0eem substitute
Proess
4<iidal ati<ity of rude e;trats of few traditional !lants against
/elio<er!a armigera (/ubner) (0otuidae: Be!ido!tera)
1ioeffiay of toosendanin from Melia dubia (syn. M. a?edarah)
against gram
!od$borer, /elio<er!a armigera (/Lbner)
A<aluation of hy!oglyaemi and antidiabeti effet of Melia dubia 5+V
fruits in mie
A;trati<es of seeds of the melieae
Aonomis of 5ulti<ation
*astest 7rowing Timber
Melia dubia tree holds !romise of good returns for ryots
Melia dubia !lantation usage
Integrating Melia dubia in agroforestry farms as an alternate !ul!wood
s!eies.
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Ta-i) Na%u A6ri5u)!ura) U+i.(r,i!0
NAIP 7 A Va)u( C3ai+ 1+ I+%u,!ria)
A6r121r(,!r0 i+ Ta-i) Na%u
F1r(,! C1))(6( a+% R(,(ar53
I+,!i!u!(" M(!!ua)a0a- 4 89: ;<:
CULTIVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MELIA DUBIA
O!3(r +a-(,
Mar 8 &uria!ut , 7u= 8 3adu&aGarE Tel. 8 Munnati&ara&s E
Tam 8 Malai <embu E 3an $ /ebbe<tl, 3arib<am E Mal 8
Mala<embu E 4riya $ 1atra.
TRADE 7 Ma)a/ar Ni- W11%
G(+(ra) 53ara5!(ri,!i5,
+ height of %0.m with a s!reading rown and a ylindrial straight bole of - m
length and ".% 8 ".# m girth. The bar& is dar& brown, e;foliating in thin, narrow
stri!s with broad, shallow, longitudinal ra&s. Bea<es bi$!innate or
oasionally tri$!innate. Beaflets o<ate 8 Baneolate to o<ate round, entire or
renulateE flowers greenish white, fragrant, intense !anilesE fruit an o<oid or
elli!soid dru!e with # or less seeds.
Di,!ri/u!i1+
It ours in tro!ial moist deiduous forests, and yields a useful timber. It
ours in )i&&im /imalayas, 0orth 1engal and u!!er +ssam, 3hasi hills of
4rissa, 0.5irars, Dean and 6estern 7hats at altitudes of ",#00 8 ",900 m.
8
It is oasionally !lanted for ornament and ma&es a handsome a<enue tree
and a shade tree in !lantations. It grows ra!idly and is used for afforestation
!ur!oses
E+.ir1+-(+!a) r(=uir(-(+!,
It grows on <ariety of soils ./owe<er dee! fertile sandy loam soils shows
o!timum growth, while shallow gra<elly soils shows stunt growth. The tree is a
light demander, the seedling are su!!ressed under shade. )eedlings tolerate
some frost but se<ere frost &ills them. It is suse!tible to damage by fires and
sa!ling suffers from browsing.
Si).i5u)!ura) 53ara5!(ri,!i5,
Na!ura) r1a6a!i1+
0atural !ro!agation is mostly through seeds and the germinability is less. It
o!!ies well and !rodue root su&ers when the roots are inGured. It !ollards
well and lusters of new shoots are thrown out from dormant buds on stems
and branhes.
Ar!i2i5ia) r1a6a!i1+:
It an be raised either by diret sowing or !lanting in nursery for raising
seedlings or stum!s. Diret sowing is reorded to gi<e !oorer results than
!lanting of sam!lings or stum!sE the latter is onsidered the best.
S((% !r(a!-(+!:
)eeds are olleted from ri!ened fruits (=an 8 *eb) by rubbing, washing and
drying and are stored in sealed tins. The germinability of the seed is less than
%#>. In nursery, the seeds are sown in raised nursery beds. The best seed
treatment is treating the seeds with owdung solution for one day. Then the
treated seeds are sown o<er the raised nursery bed. It ta&es one or two
months for the seeds to germinate. Irrigation should be done regularly. The
seedling ta&es ' months to om!lete its nursery stage.
E,a5(-(+!
)i; to nine months old seedlings an be !lanted at an es!aement of : . :m
or : . 4m. +nnual !runing is done to get the straight ylindrial boles.
9
Irri6a!i1+
The tree res!onds well to irrigation at one in e<ery "0 8 "# days during non
rainy season.
F(r!i)i>(r r(=uir(-(+!,
+!!liation of 0, P, 3 mi;ture of %# $#0 g !er tree, two times in a year hel! to
augment the growth. The fertili?er reDuirements an be sheduled on need
basis de!ending on the growth and de<elo!ment of the tree.
I+,(5!, a+% P(,!:
Defoliators, leaf miners and sa! su&ers are reorded along with se<eral
wood borers. 7anoderma luidum auses root rot in high rainfall areas and
5ortiium salmoniolor auses stem and twig an&er
W11% 53ara5!(ri,!i5,
The sa!wood is greyish whiteE heartwood light !in& to light red turning !ale
russet brown on ageing. It is lustrous with dry feel, <ery light (s!l gr$ 0.::E wt $
%" Ib. Cu ft.) straight grained and oarse and somewhat une<en 8 te;tured.
The timber is not durable in e;!osed !ositions but moderately so under o<er.
It is not so strong and durable as neem. It seasons well if logs are on<erted
in a green state. If left long, the log is liable to de<elo! end 8 s!litting and
disolouration. The best method of dealing with the timber is to on<ert the
logs immediately after felling and to o!en 8 sta& sawn material, !referably
under o<er, to a<oid grey stain.
U,(,
The wood is used for !a&ing ases, igar bo;es, eiling !lan&s, building
!ur!oses, agriultural im!lements, !enils, math bo;es, s!lints and
3attamarams. In 5eylon, it is em!loyed for outriggers of boats. It is suitable
for musial instruments, tea bo;es and !lyboard. It is a good fuel wood
(5alorifi <alue, #.04: $ #,"(' al.)
The fruit of the !lant is bitter. It is onsidered anthelminti. It gi<es !ositi<e
tests with al&aloid reagents.
10
Mark(! a+% !ra%(
The wood an be sold for math and <eneer industry. The tree with the
minimum si?e of "'inhes girth is saleable at the minimum rate of Is %000
!er tonne for math industry and for <eneer industry, the mar&et rate is little
higher.
SEEDS DEPULPED SEEDS
SEEDLINGS PLANTATION
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M()ia %u/ia !r(( 31)%, r1-i,( 12
611% r(!ur+, 21r r01!,
The /induIAM20AI+TIVA: 7. 3umara<elu with some high yielding yielding
tree <arieites. Photo: M.=. Prabu
About Rs.2 lakhs per acre/year can be expected from sixth year of planting
12
4ne of the main !roblems that farmers fae today is dereasing inome from
an are !er year against sudden inrease in the <alue of agriultural lands
due to newly formed rural roads, mushrooming of industries, and onrete
dwellings.
This fores se<eral small farmers to sell their lands and settle in urban
onrete Gungles.
LOW INCOME
Diminishing inome from an are against inreasing land <alue, fores many
farmers to sell their lands. + family of 4 members need a monthly inome of
Is.40,000 from an are if they ha<e to sur<i<e. 1ut today from an are one
gets anything between Is."0,000 to Is."%,000.
M/ow is this enoughN 0aturally he !refers to sell his lands than ontinue
farming. If we are &een that farming lands should not be sold then we must
ensure inome generation of at least Is.%0,000 to Is.:0,000 from an are a
year,O e;!lains Dr. 7. 3umara<elu, Member, Tamil 0adu Planning
5ommission and former 5hief 5onser<ator of *orests, Tamil 0adu.
EASY METHOD
The easiest way to inrease inome from an are is by !lanting ertain tree
<arieties suh Melia dubia (Malai Vembu in Tamil) whih feth a handsome
!rie in the mar&et, assured buyba&, and reDuire low maintenane
e;!enditure.
In addition, the trees also aid the !lanet by !re<enting tem!erature rise and
he&ing gas emission into the atmos!here as the trees are naturally
endowed to absorb ma;imum 54P$%Q.
MONEY SPINNER
Melia is a money s!inning tree of short duration. A<en if !lanted as a single
row along the field bunds, about '0 trees an be !lanted !er are, whih will
feth an inome of about Is.% la&hs in the si;th year of !lanting.
M)ine there is a total mismath between demand and su!!ly for wood and
<eneer, blo& !lanting of :00 to 400 trees !er are an ensure a minimum
!rofit of ru!ees one la&h !er year from an are.
2nder good maintenane and ontrolled irrigation from si;th year onwards,
de!ending on the soil de!th and Duality trees of 90 to "00 m gbh with a lear
bole of # metres height an feth Is.4, 000 at todayRs !rie (( !er ent
esalation an be added !er year for the sale !rie).
Interulti<ation an be done with annual ro!s in the first three years and then
s!ies suh as !e!!er an be grown.
13
SINGLE ROW PLANTING
A<en if !lanted in a single row along the field bunds, about '0 trees an be
!lanted at si; feet s!aing whih will feth an inome of about Is.% la&hs in
the si;th year.
2nder high density !lanting with ",000 to ",#00 trees in an are, a yield of 40
to #0 tonnes is !ossible from the seond and third year of !lanting.
M+s the demand for Melia wood is Duite high, minimum !rofit of about
Is.40,000 !er year from an are an be ensured for the farmers today,O says,
Dr. 3umara<elu.
PEST INFESTATIONS
Iegarding !est infestations affeting this tree Dr. 3umara<elu says, Mthe
<ariety is suse!tible to root rot. 4nly o!timum irrigation is reDuired .
6hile !lanting the seedlings a!!liation of %$: &gs of <ermiom!ost, 40 gms
of Phos!hobateria, +?os!irillum and Trihoderma Viride eah in addition to
"0$%0 gms of Pseudomonas and "00 grams of V+M (<esiular arbusular
myori?a) hel!s in !romoting good growth.
BUYBAC$
MInterested farmers who want to buy the seedlings can contact our office and we are
willing to guide them right from urchasing the seedlings to buy bac!"# assures
$%%& 'eturns( )urther &etails *ontact( +,--./0-"1/*om/"221/" for 3asudha
$reen )arms"
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Fa,!(,! Gr1?i+6 Ti-/(r
MONEY SPINNING TREE
MELIA DUBIA
Melia dubia (malai <em!uC&onda ya!!a) and &umil (gmelina arborea) are the
fast growing s!eies among timber <arieties in the uni<erse. Melia dubia
originates from the Meliaeae family and is an indigenous s!eies of tree to
India, )outh Aast +sia and +ustralia, where it has been ulti<ated as a soure
of firewood. The tree an be ulti<ated in all ty!es of soil and reDuiring a low
su!!ly of water on a daily basis. If you ha<e a !lot of land, whih you onsider
is degraded land you an use it for growing Melia dubia.
15
M()ia %u/ia 3a, !3( u+i=u( 2(a!ur( 12 6r1?i+6 !1 9< 2((! ?i!3i+ !?1
0(ar, 2r1- )a+!i+6 a+% 5a+ /( -(53a+i5a))0 ru+(% a+%
3ar.(,!(%* A, a+ (+(r60 5r1" M()ia %u/ia 3a, !3( 1!(+!ia)
12 0i()%i+6 i+ (@5(,, 9< !1++(, 12 /i1-a,, 1+ a.(ra6( (r
a5r( (r a++u- 1.(r a :< 0(ar (ri1% (/(21r( r()a+!i+6 i,
r(=uir(%)* I!, 3i63 5a)1ri2i5 .a)u( -ak(, i! a .ia/)( ,1ur5( 12
2((%,!15k 21r /i1-a,, 1?(r )a+!,*
T3( -i+i-u- 5u)!i.a!i1+ (ri1% i, ,i@ 0(ar, 1+?ar%,* T3( a6( 12
!3( !r(( i, +i+( 0(ar,* I+ a%%i!i1+" !3( !r((, a),1 ai% !3(
)a+(! /0 r(.(+!i+6 !(-(ra!ur( ri,( a+% 53(5ki+6 6a,
(-i,,i1+ i+!1 !3( a!-1,3(r( a, !3( !r((, ar( +a!ura))0
(+%1?(% !1 a/,1r/ -a@i-u- COA4BC*
Melia is a money s!inning tree of short duration. 1lo& !lanting of :00 to 400
trees !er are an ensure a minimum !rofit of Is one la&h !er year from an
are. Interulti<ation an be done with annual ro!s in the first three years
and then s!ies suh as !e!!er an be grown. A<en if !lanted in a single row
along the field bunds, about '0 trees an be !lanted at si; feet s!aing whih
will feth an inome of about Is.% la&hs in the si;th year. 2nder high density
!lanting with ",000 to ",#00 trees in an are, a yield of 40 to #0 tonnes is
!ossible from the seond and third year of !lanting.
+s the demand for Melia wood is Duite high from the !lywood industry,
minimum !rofit of about Is.40,000 !er year from an are an be ensured for
the farmers. Iegarding !est infestations affeting this <ariety is suse!tible to
root rot. 4nly o!timum irrigation is reDuired.
6hile !lanting the seedlings a!!liation of %$: &gs of <ermiom!ost, 40 gms
of Phos!hobateria, +?os!irillum and Trihoderma Viride eah in addition to
"0$%0 gms of Pseudomonas and "00 grams of V+M (<esiular arbusular
myori?a) hel!s in !romoting good growth.
16
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I+ k((i+6 Far-(r,
R(a53i+6 21r Hi63
I004V+TIVA *arming )olutions:
M()ia Du/ia (Ma)ai .(-/u):
4ne of the maGor !roblem in todayRs agriulture is reduing inome year by
year. The land <alues are inreased and inome from agriulture is redued
due to inreased ost for labors, inrease in ost of ulti<ation and inrease in
trans!ortation ost. 1eause of that farmers are selling land and loo&ing for
other business. )o we need to thin& of good inome from agriulture by
reduing labors and inreasing yield. In todayRs !iture, the middle men are
earning the good inome from agriulture !roduts, and the farmer who
!rodues getting less from what he !rodued. )ine the many short term
ro!s need more labors, trans!ortation and in<entory ost, the final gain for
the farmers are <ery less. To ma&e good re<enues as !er are, we need to
ulti<ate medium to long term ro!s &ee!ing the ost to minimal and also
good re<enue in future.
17
Melia Dubia is one of the 2a,! 6r1?i+6 !r(( and gi<e good returns. It an be
used in math or biomass or !lywood industries. +fter : years, :0$40 tons of
biomassCare an be har<ested u!to "0 years. The !rie of wood !er ton is rs
%000$4000. so one an get minimum re<enue of %000S:0 T rs '0000Care
e<ery year.
:0> of the trees we lea<e without utting for 9 years means it an be used in
!lywood industries whih will feth rs '000$"0000 !er tree( '000S:00 T rs
"9,00000).
P)a+!a!i1+DCu)!i.a!i1+:
4ne we deide to ulti<ate the tree means first go with good seedling
olletion from *orest De!artments. 6hen diret sowing the seed without
treatment , the 6(r-i+a!i1+!erentage is less(%0>). )o we do alternate
soa&ing and drying in old water, the !eriod of germination is %0 days and
(#> germination is e;!eted. Those ha<ing diffiulty in germination, an get
the seedlings(sa!ling) from the !lant nurseries.
Then we start !lanting in beginning of the rainy season, so irrigation is
minimal or an use dri! irrigation for % years.
The suggested Pit si?e is % feet ; % feet. "0;"0 feet s!aing is needed for
better girth.
Proedure of !lanting:
") Dig the !it and &ee! it o!en for "$% wee&s.
%) Then lose the !it with the soil a<ailable with digging.
:) +fter % days, o!en the !it slightly "C% feet , !ut organi
manure(Vermiom!ost) of 0.# &g for eah !it and !lant the seedling. If
sa!ling height is more, an use su!!ort !ole for eah !it to a<oid brea&ing of
sa!ling.
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4) +nd irrigate in same day.
Melia dubia has -0> less side branhes, so less labors are needed to
maintain.
2!to # years, ground nut, hilli, turmeri, bla&gram as inter ro!s an be
ulti<ated.
Timely weeding and !runing is needed and also !ratie IPM and IDM.
I+!(r(,!(% -a0 )(a,( 51+!a5! 21r
Fur!3(r D(!ai),:4
M+00A.)0,1.5om.,BB1.,
*or Vasudha 7reen *arms
<asudhagreenfarmsKgmail.om
Ph: 0-"::4-9:''
Pr12i!a/)( Fa,! Gr1?i+6 Tr((,
7melina arborea, Melia Dubia, 1amboo, 5asuarina
6ith thousands of tree s!eies growing worldwide, only a small number are
onsidered <aluable to the ommerial timber industry.
Fa,! Gr1?i+6 Ti-/(r Tr((,:
19
". 7melina arborea (3umil, 3umula maram in Tamil):
7melina arborea is a fast growing tree. It is used in onstrutions, furniture,
arriages, s!orts, musial instruments and artifiial limbs. It an
grow moderate to large height u! to :0 m with girth of ".% to 4. It an be
har<ested in 9$"0 years.
7melina +rborea ( 3umil, 6hite tea&, 7amar)
7melina +rborea( 3umil , )agwan) Pitures
%. Melia dubia $ (Malai Vembu in Tamil):
Melia Dubia is fast growing tree and it an be ulti<ated in all ty!es of soil and
reDuiring a low su!!ly of water. Melia dubia has the uniDue feature of growing
to 40 feet within % years from !lanting and an be mehanially !runed and
har<ested. It is used in !lywood, math industries. Melia dubia (Malai Vembu)
Tr((, 21r I+%u,!ri(,:
20
:) Ma!53 I+%u,!ri(,:
". +ilanthus e;elsa $ Indian Tree of /ea<en (Perumaram, Pee maram, in
Tamil):
Indian Tree of /ea<en is a large deiduous tree, "9$%# m tall trun& straight.
Mainly used in math bo; industry and also 1oat building (general), 1o;es
and rates, Musial instruments, Plywood, Pul!CPa!er !roduts, Tool handles.
0eed less irrigation and suitable for all soil ty!es.
21
B) Pa(r I+%u,!ri(,:
". 5asuarina Gunghuhniana $ (sa<u&&u in Tamil):
5asuarina is a fast growing and ado!table for any soil ty!es. Mainly used in
!a!er industries. It an be har<ested after :.# years.
%. Ba-/11 (Ba-/u,a +u!a+," B* Ba-/11," B* !u)%a" B* .u)6ari," B*
Ba)511a)
22
1amboo is the worldRs fastest growing !lant and some s!eies of bamboo an
grow u! to a foot a day in the right onditions. It an be ulti<ated in all ty!e of
soils with suffiient water irrigation faility. 0ow bamboo an be ulti<ated in
tissue ulture sa!ling whih will gi<e # times more density. +fter the year 4,
bamboo an be har<ested %0$'0 tonsCares for '0 years.
;) Bi1 -a,, I+%u,!ri(,:
". Melia dubia $ (Malai Vembu in Tamil):
+s an energy ro!, Melia dubia has the !otential of yielding in e;ess 40 tons
of biomass on a<erage !er are !er annum o<er a "0 year !eriod (before
re!lanting is reDuired). It@s high alorifi <alue ma&es it a <iable soure of
feedsto& for biomass !ower !lants.
%. 1amboo (1ambusa nutans, 1. 1amboos, 1. tulda, 1. <ulgaris, 1. 1alooa):
Its high yield ma&es it usable in biomass industries.
The following trees are not omes under fast growing ategory, but they are
ha<ing strong timber <alues. Those trees will ta&e minimum of :0 to 40 years
to maturity.
".Tetona grandis $ Tea&.
23
%. /aldinia 5ardifolia (ManGa 3adambu in Tamil ).
:. Iose wood.
4. Pteroar!us santalinus $( Ied )anders, )i<a!!u )anthanam in Tamil).
#. Pteroar!us marsu!ium $ (Indian 3ino Tree, Vengai in Tamil).
'. )antalum album $ ()andal wood ,)anthana maram in Tamil).
(. Thes!esia !o!ulnea $ (Poo<arasu in Tamil).
9. /ardwi&ia binnata $ (+ahaa in Tamil).
P1i+!, !1 /( 51+,i%(r(% 21r 5u)!i.a!i1+:
Tree ulti<ation ombines of both siene and are. /ere with some !oints in
tree !lantation.
These are the things to &ee! in mind before going for tree ulti<ation.
". )elet trees aording to your land ty!e, irrigation failities and
maintenane (after are)
%. Do )oil Test and water analysis and selet trees that suits your soil ty!e
and water Duality.
:. )!aing of trees.
Trees are !refer to grow in many ways .so our effort would be not only to
o<er more area for tree !lantation but also to !lant more trees in a gi<en
area.
There are two as!ets of tree s!ae: abo<e and below the ground. The abo<e
ground s!ae is more ob<ious for e;. Tall trees should not be !laed where
high tension wires are running o<erhead. 2nderground s!ae is also as
im!ortant and medium si?ed trees should be !lanted at least at a distane of
4 meters from eah other and bigger ones at 9 meters from eah other and #
meters away from buildings foundations.
4. Time of !lanting
The !eriod of !lanting de!ends u!on the s!eies, region, a<ailability of
irrigation failities, rainfall of the region, et. 6inter is the best time for !lanting
deiduous trees as they are dormant at this !eriod and hene less li&ely to
suffer from damage. *or e<ergreen and semi$deiduous trees, rainy season is
the best time for !lanting. Trees may be !lanted during the following !eriods:
During s!ring: That is =anuary and *ebruary. +t this time all the fators
(es!eially the tem!erature), reDuired for tree growth are !resent. Thus, this is
a good time for young sa!lings to be !lanted.
+t the onset of Monsoons: *or most s!eies and most areas, !lanting is
arried out during monsoons. It is ad<isable to start !lanting wor& immediately
24
after a good shower and when the ground is well moistened to the de!th of
!lanting. Thereafter any delay should be treated as loss of growing season.
#. +fter are.
The sa!lings need to be watered regularly, !roteted from attle and !ests
and insets, gi<en manure. Pruning will ma&e trees more inrease <igor,
health and inrease the <alue of timber.
'. )elet !lant s!eies.
(. Inter ro!!ing or mi;ed ro!!ing.
9. /a<e &nowledge of different trees.
-. 5arbon redit
5arbon finane failitates the finanial reward through arbon redits for the
redution of greenhouse gas emissions by emitters in de<elo!ing ountries.
+ti<ities of the 6orld 1an& 5arbon *inane 2nit (5*2) are !art of the larger
global effort to ombat limate hange, and are aligned with the 6orld 1an&
and its An<ironment De!artmentRs mission to redue !o<erty and im!ro<e
li<ing standards in the de<elo!ing world.
)o we will start our green !lanet from today ..,
I+!(r(,!(% -a0 )(a,( 51+!a5! 21r
Fur!3(r D(!ai),:4
M+00A.)0,1.5om.,BB1.,
*or Vasudha 7reen *arms
<asudhagreenfarmsKgmail.om
Ph: 0-"::4-9:''
M()ia Du/ia
25
Melia dubia originates from the Meliaeae family and is an indigenous
s!eies of tree to India, )outh Aast +sia and +ustralia, where it has been
ulti<ated as a soure of firewood. The tree an be ulti<ated in all ty!es of
soil and reDuiring a low su!!ly of water on a daily basis. Melia dubia has the
uniDue feature of growing to 40 feet within % years from !lanting and an be
mehanially !runed and har<ested. +s an energy ro!, Melia dubia has the
!otential of yielding in e;ess 40 tonnes of biomass on a<erage !er are !er
annum o<er a "0 year !eriod (before re!lanting is reDuired). it@s high alorifi
<alue ma&es it a <iable soure of feedsto& for biomass !ower !lants.
1iomass
I+!(r(,!(% -a0 )(a,( 51+!a5! 21r
Fur!3(r D(!ai),:4
M+00A.)0,1.5om.,BB1.,
*or Vasudha 7reen *arms
<asudhagreenfarmsKgmail.om
Ph: 0-"::4-9:''
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