Computer Applications
Computer Applications
Computer Applications
Alcohol-water solution is fed into a distilling still at the rate of 1000 kg per hour. The solution
analyzes 30% ethyl alcohol by weight, the distillate contains 90% ethyl alcohol and the bottom
8% ethyl alcohol, calculate (a) kg of distillate per hour (b)kg bottom per hour (c) % recovery of
alcohol.
Solution:
OMB: D + B = 1000
B= 1000-D
300=0.90D+0.080(1000-D)
A distilling column is fed with a solution containing 0.45 mass fractions of benzene and 0.55
mass fraction toluene. If 95% of benzene must appear in the overhead product, while 92% of
toluene appears in the residue, calculate the composition of distillate and bottoms.
Solution:
OMB: 100= D + B
Benzene balance:
Benzene in D= 0.95(0.45)(100)
Benzene in D = 42.75 kg
Benzene in B= 0.45(0.08)(100)
Benzene in B=3.6 kg
Toluene Balance:
Toluene in B= 0.92(0.55)(100)
Toluene in B= 50.6 kg
Toluene in D= 4.4 kg
D = 47. 15kg
B = 52.85 kg
Dilute alcohol from fermenting vats contains 11.15% ethanol. The distillate contains 95%
alcohol while the bottom contains 0.5% alcohol. As distillation proceeds, a side stream
containing 40% alcohol is removed. The total recovery of alcohol in the distillate and in the side
stream is 96.5%. On the basis of 1000 kg of feed, calculate the amounts of the bottom, distillate
and the side stream.
Solution:
OMB: 1000= D + S + B
Alcohol balance:
0.005B = 0.035(1000)(.1115)
B= 780.5
D + S = 1000 – 780.5
D + S = 219.5
D = 36 kg
S = 183.5kg
Flow of Fluids
Aniline is to be cooled from 200 to 150 degrees Fahrenheit in a double-pipe heat exchanger
having a total outside area of 70 ft². For cooling a stream of toluene amounting to 8600 lb/h at a
temperature of 100 degrees Fahrenheit is available. The exchanger consists of Schedule 40 ,1 and
¼ inches pipe and Schedule 40,2-inches pipe. The aniline flow rate is10,000 lb/h. if flow is
countercurrent, what are the toluene outlet temperature, the LMTD and the overall heat transfer
coefficient? Cp of Aniline=0.545 BTU/lb-°F and Cp for toluene= 0.438 BTU/lb-°F.
Solution:
Aniline :
Q= mCpΔT
Q= 10,000 (0.545)(200-150)
Toluene:
T = 170 °F
ΔTLM = 39°F
Solution:
1 kg wt. = 9.8 N
Crude oil,specific gravity 60°F/60°F = 0.887, flows through the piping with Pipe A (2-in
Schedule 40), Pipe B (3-in Schedule 40) and Pipe C (1 and ½ in Schedule 40). An equal quantity
of liquid flows through pipe C. The flow through pipe A and B is 30 gal/min. Calculate the mass
flow rate in each pipe. The dimension and cross-sectional areas of standard pipes needed are
0.0233 ft² for a 2-in pipe, 0.0513 ft² for a 3-in pipe and 0.01414 ft² for a 1 and 1/2 pipe.
Solution:
Since there are 7.48 gal in 1 ft³, the total volumetric flow rate is:
q=30*607.48=240.7 ft³/hr
The mass flow rate for pipes A and B is the product of the density and the volumetric flow rate:
Filtration
Slurry of talc and water contains 75% water by weight. If 80% of the original water is removed
and 600 kg of filter cake is obtained. Calculate:
Solution:
OMB: F = W + Fc
F = W + 600
Water balance:
W = 0.80 (0.75)F
W = 0.60 F
F = 0.60F + 600
F = 1500 kg
W = 900 kg
= 0.75(1500) – 900
= 225 kg
Saturated solution of a salt is made by agitating 600 kg of salt in 1200 kg of water. The salt is
soluble to the extent of 0.25 kg per kg of water. On filtration, 0.40 kg of solution adheres to
every kilogram of undissolved salt. Calculate:
Solution:
Wt. of adhering sol’n = 300 kg undis. salt x (0.4 adhering sol’n/ 1 kg undissolved salt)= 120 kg
FL = 1500 -120
FL = 1380 kg (filtrate)
Fc = W + P
420 = W + P
Water balance:
Water in Fc = W
W = 96 kg water
P = 324 kg salt
Screening
The data below were obtained on the operation of a 6-mesh (square) hummer screen at the tipple
of a coal mine. The screening was done to separate a very fine refuse from a fine coal stream so
that it could be reprocessed. Calculate (a) the recovery and rejection of each size fraction and (b)
the screen effectiveness .Feed is 131tons/hr and approximately 5% moisture.
¼ x6 mesh 1006
6 x 14 750
14 x 28 303
28 x48 219
48 x 0 807
Overflow from screen Underflow from screen (9.8 Tons/hr) Dry Solids
28 x 48 68 14 x 48 8.6
48 x 0 278 28 x 48 3.3
48 x 0 62.1
Solution:
Very fine particles (coal) will be reprocess to fine coal, therefore Oversize= P
F Xi P Xi
Desired size in F:
Desired size in P:
What is the power requirement to crush 100 tons per hour of limestone if 80% of the feed passes
a 2-inch screen and 80% of the product passes a 1/8-inch screen? Use Bond’s law. Wi =12.74
kW-hr/ton.
Solution:
P = 169.6 kW or 227 HP