Press Information Bureau

Government of India
Cabinet
25-October-2012 18:34 IST
Approval of National Policy on Electronics 2012

The Union Cabinet today approved the National Policy on Electronics 2012. The draft
National Policy on Electronics was released for public consultation and it has now been
finalized based on comments from various stakeholders.

India is one of the fastest growing markets of electronics in the world. There is potential to
develop the Electronic System and Design and Manufacturing (ESDM) sector to meet our
domestic demand as well as to use the capabilities so created to successfully export ESDM
products from the country. The National Policy on Electronics aims to address the issue with
the explicit goal of transforming India into a premier ESDM hub.

The strategies include setting up of a National Electronics Mission with industry participation
and renaming the Department of Information Technology as Department of Electronics and
Information Technology (Deity). The Department has since been renamed on February 26,
2012.

The policy is expected to create an indigenous manufacturing eco-system for electronics in
the country. It will foster the manufacturing of indigenously designed and manufactured chips
creating a more cyber secure ecosystem in the country. It will enable India to tap the great
economic potential that this knowledge sector offers. The increased development and
manufacturing in the sector will lead to greater economic growth through more manufacturing
and consequently greater employment in the sector.

The Policy envisages that a turnover of USD 400 billion will create an employment for two
million people.

ESDM is of strategic importance as well. Not only in internal security and defence, the
pervasive deployment of electronics in civilian domains such as telecom, power, railways,
civil aviation, etc. can have serious consequences of disruption of service. This renders
tremendous strategic importance to the sector. The country, therefore, cannot be totally
dependent on imported electronic components and products.

The key objectives of the Policy are:

(i) To create an eco-system for a globally competitive Electronic System Design and
Manufacturing (ESDM) sector in the country to achieve a turnover of about USD 400 billion
by 2020 involving investment of about USD 100 billion and employment to around 28 million
people at various levels.

(ii) To build on the emerging chip design and embedded software industry to achieve global
leadership in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI), chip design and other frontier technical
areas and to achieve a turnover of USD 55 billion by 2020.

(iii) To build a strong supply chain of raw materials, parts and electronic components to raise
the indigenous availability of these inputs from the present 20-25 per cent to over 60 per cent
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the indigenous availability of these inputs from the present 20-25 per cent to over 60 per cent
by 2020.

(iv) To increase the export in ESDM sector from USD 5.5 billion to USD 80 billion by 2020.

(v) To significantly enhance availability of skilled manpower in the ESDM sector. Special
focus for augmenting postgraduate education and to produce about 2500 PhDs annually by
2020.

(vi) To create an institutional mechanism for developing and mandating standards and
certification for electronic products and services to strengthen quality assessment
infrastructure nationwide.

(vii) To develop an appropriate security ecosystem in ESDM.

(viii) To create long-term partnerships between ESDM and strategic and core infrastructure
sectors - Defence, Atomic Energy, Space, Railways, Power, Telecommunications, etc.

(ix) To become a global leader in creating Intellectual Property (IP) in the ESDM sector by
increasing fund flow for R&D, seed capital and venture capital for start-ups in the ESDM and
nanoelectronics sectors.

(x) To develop core competencies in strategic and core infrastructure sectors like
telecommunications, automotive, avionics, industrial, medical, solar, Information and
Broadcasting, Railways, etc through use of ESDM in these sectors.

(xi) To use technology to develop electronic products catering to domestic needs, including
rural needs and conditions, as well as international needs at affordable price points.

(xii) To become a global leader in the Electronic Manufacturing Services (EMS) segment by
promoting progressive higher value addition in manufacturing and product development.

(xiii) To expedite adoption of best practices in e-waste management.

(xiv) To source, stockpile and promote indigenous exploration and mining of rare earth metals
required for manufacture of electronic components.

To achieve these objectives, the policy proposes the following strategies:

(i) Creating eco-system for globally competitive ESDM sector: The strategies include
provision of fiscal incentives for investment, setting up of electronic manufacturing clusters,
preferential market access to domestically manufactured electronic products, setting up of
semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities, industry friendly and stable tax regime. Based on
Cabinet approval, a high level Empowered committee has been constituted to identify and
shortlist technology and investors for setting up two semiconductor wafer manufacturing
fabrication facilities. Based on another Cabinet approval a policy for providing preference to
domestically manufactured electronic goods has been announced. Separate proposals have
also been considered by the Cabinet for approval of Modified Special Incentive Package for
the ESDM Sector and for setting up of Electronics Manufacturing Clusters (EMCs).

(ii) Promotion of Exports: The strategies include aggressive marketing of India as an
investment destination and providing incentives for export,
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investment destination and providing incentives for export,

(iii) Human Resource Development: The strategies include involvement of private sector,
universities and institutions of learning for scaling up of requisite capacities at all levels for
the projected manpower demand. A specialized Institute for semiconductor chip design is also
proposed.

(iv) Developing and mandating standards to curb inflow of sub-standard and unsafe electronic
products by mandating technical and safety standards which conform to international
standards.

(v) Cyber security: To create a complete secure cyber eco-system in the country, through
suitable design and development of indigenous appropriate products through frontier
technology/product oriented research, testing and validation of security of products.

(vi) Strategic electronics: The strategies include creating long-term partnerships between
domestic ESDM industry and strategic sectors for sourcing products domestically and
providing Defense Offset obligations for electronic procurements through ESDM products.

(vii) Creating ecosystem for vibrant innovation and R&D in the ESDM sector including
nanoelectronics. The strategy includes creation of an Electronic Development Fund.

(viii) Electronics in other sectors: The strategy includes supporting and : developing expertise
in the electronics in the following sectors of economy: automotive, avionics, Light Emitting
Diodes (LEDs), Industrial, medical, solar photovoltaics, Information and Broadcasting,
Telecommunications, Railways, Intelligent Transport Systems, and Games and Toys.

(ix) Handling e-waste: The strategy includes various initiatives to facilitate environment
friendly e-waste handling policies.

Background:

The Electronics industry reported at USD 1.75 trillion is the largest and fastest growing
manufacturing industry in the world. It is expected to reach USD 2.4 trillion by 2020. The
demand in the Indian market was USD 45 billion in 2008-09 and is expected to reach USD
400 billion by 2020. Domestic demand is expected to be driven by growth in income levels
leading to higher off-take of electronics products, automation demands of corporate sector
and the government's focus on e-governance. The domestic production in 2008-09 was about
USD 20 billion. However, the actual value-addition in the domestically produced electronic
product is very low, ranging between 5 to 10 percent in most cases. At the current rate of
growth, domestic production can cater to a demand of USD 100 billion in 2020 as against a
demand of USD 400 billion and the rest would have to be met by imports. This aggregates to
a demand supply gap of nearly USD 300 billion by 2020. Unless the situation is corrected, it
is likely that by 2020, electronics import may far exceed oil imports. This fact goes unnoticed
because electronics, as a "meta resource" forms a significant part of all machines and
equipment imported, which are classified in their final sectoral forms, for example,
automobiles, aviation, health equipment, media and broadcasting, defence armaments, etc.

Electronics is characterized by high velocity of technological change. Consequently the life
cycle of products is declining. As a result, the value of design and development in the product
has increased quite significantly. Given India's growing strength in chip design and embedded
software, the increasing importance of design in product development has potential to make
India a favoured destination for ESDM.
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India a favoured destination for ESDM.

Electronic components, which are the basis of an electronic product, are low volume-low
weight, cheap and easy to transport across the globe. Moreover, under the Information
Technology Agreement-1 (ITA-1) of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which came into
force in 1997, a large number of electronic components and products are bound with zero
tariffs making trade unrestricted across international borders. Under the Free Trade
Agreements (FTAs) and Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) with various countries, the
import of electronics hardware from these countries is allowed either at zero duty or at a duty
which is lower than the normal duty rate.

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SC/LM
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