This document provides tips for teachers on using Bloom's Taxonomy to improve students' critical thinking skills. It explains the six levels of thinking in Bloom's Taxonomy (remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, creating) and gives examples of questions teachers can ask students at each level. The document also shares resources like a vocabulary booklet and a "Skyscraper Thinking" graphic that visually represent the levels to help students understand and apply different kinds of thinking. Teachers are encouraged to guide students up Bloom's levels by asking progressively more complex questions about literature and other topics.
This document provides tips for teachers on using Bloom's Taxonomy to improve students' critical thinking skills. It explains the six levels of thinking in Bloom's Taxonomy (remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, creating) and gives examples of questions teachers can ask students at each level. The document also shares resources like a vocabulary booklet and a "Skyscraper Thinking" graphic that visually represent the levels to help students understand and apply different kinds of thinking. Teachers are encouraged to guide students up Bloom's levels by asking progressively more complex questions about literature and other topics.
This document provides tips for teachers on using Bloom's Taxonomy to improve students' critical thinking skills. It explains the six levels of thinking in Bloom's Taxonomy (remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, creating) and gives examples of questions teachers can ask students at each level. The document also shares resources like a vocabulary booklet and a "Skyscraper Thinking" graphic that visually represent the levels to help students understand and apply different kinds of thinking. Teachers are encouraged to guide students up Bloom's levels by asking progressively more complex questions about literature and other topics.
This document provides tips for teachers on using Bloom's Taxonomy to improve students' critical thinking skills. It explains the six levels of thinking in Bloom's Taxonomy (remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, creating) and gives examples of questions teachers can ask students at each level. The document also shares resources like a vocabulary booklet and a "Skyscraper Thinking" graphic that visually represent the levels to help students understand and apply different kinds of thinking. Teachers are encouraged to guide students up Bloom's levels by asking progressively more complex questions about literature and other topics.
Blooms Taxonomy. Higher order thinking skills. Levels of questions. No matter what its called, the goal is the same rigorous thinking. How to we get beyond a literal level of discussion that most of our students are satisfied with? One way is to make sure that students understand the various levels of thinking.
"Benjamin Bloom (1956) developed a classification of levels of intellectual behavior in learning. This taxonomy contained three overlapping domains: the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. Within the cognitive domain, he identified six levels: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. These domains and levels are still useful today as you develop the critical thinking skills of your students."
The above historical blurb is from http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic69.htm, and serves as a reminder of how we can improve critical thinking skills in our own classrooms.
The link below offers a color-coded chart listing the increasing sophistication of thinking skills, provides a list of verbs to help construct activities at each level, and describes a differentiated lesson plan for writing compound sentences. It is a great overview if you need to brush up on Bloom's Taxonomy.
http://cs1.mcm.edu/~awyatt/csc3315/bl oom.htm
Vocabulary Booklet
Let's start with a graphic organizer. I told you that I had many uses for the vocabulary booklet in last week's email tip. Have students create a 6-flap vocabulary booklet in order to organize the information about Bloom's Taxonomy. Label each flap with a level of thinking in this order:
recalling information understanding information applying information analyzing information synthesizing information evaluating information
Now use the Write Source 2000 handbook to introduce students to each level of thinking. Use pp. 283-290. Show your students how knowing these levels of thinking can help them on classroom assignments and assessments. The mini- unit uses the theme of the California gold rush to model how different levels of thinking are used. In each case, a thorough student writing model is provided. The first exercise shows a fill- in-the-blank worksheet (recalling information) and gets increasingly more Literacy Tips Tips for middle school educators on various topics such as grammar, writing, reading, spelling, vocabulary, cooperative learning and more. Contact: Amy Goodman Middle School Literacy Support 907-267-0221 [email protected] www.asdk12.org/MiddleLink/LA/
Anchorage School District Literacy Tips
difficult until students are asked to evaluate information in the form of an open-ended paragraph.
Hooked on Thinking
Hooked on Thinking was just published in the April, 2004 issue of The Reading Teacher. Ann Paziotopoulos and Marianne Kroll write about how to make Blooms Taxonomy more applicable to literature discussions. In this article, the authors refer to one of my favorite quotes by Oliver Wendell Holmes. He uses a metaphor comparing the intellect of people to multi-level homes. I have created a blackline master for you to use in the classroom that shows this comparison visually. Holmes says, The best illumination comes from above, through the skylight.
Skyscraper Thinking
Pazziotopoulos and Kroll created their own classroom analogy using a skyscraper with its feature of ascending floors. The floors symbolize the effort needed to reach the next level. The graphic also conveys an enhanced view or broadened perspective from the top floor Use the Skyscraper Thinking sheet as a way to model higher level questioning with your students. When discussing Little Red Riding Hood, ask the students to recall the facts. What did the wolf do to trick Little Red Riding Hood? For the evaluation level, ask students to pretend they are the wolf and write a short paragraph defending the wolf's actions.
Then move to more sophisticated literature from your grade level anthology to model these levels of thinking. Ask students to recall such details as what vexed the narrator in The Tell-Tale Heart?
Have the students compare and contrast the narrator before and after the police arrive. Can students think about what might have happened after the narrator confessed to murdering the old man at the end of the story? If students pretended to be the judge at the murder trial, what sentence would they give the narrator and why? The higher students climb the floors of the skyscraper, the more effort it takes and the more their views change. The top floor allows them to acquire a greater understanding of the literature because it provides them with sweeping views helping them to create the big picture.
Attached is the Skyscraper Thinking blackline master to use with your students. I have also provided an example blackline master copied from the article written by Paziotopoulos and Kroll that models how you might also use this as an assessment tool. The example provided is one from a health class asking students to demonstrate their knowledge of the circulatory system. There are one-story intellects, two-story intellects, and three-story intellects with skylights. All fact collectors, who have no aim beyond their facts, are one-story men. Two-story men compare, reason, generalize, using the labors of the fact collectors as well as their own. Three-story men idealize, imagine, predict - their best illumination comes from above, through the skylight. Three-Story Intellects - Oliver Wendall Holmes Knowledge (recall facts) Comprehension (summarize/explain) Skyscraper Thinking Application (relate to real life) Analysis (compare/contrast) Evaluation (give an opinion) Synthesis (create something new) Source: Paziotopoulos, Ann and Marianne Kroll. Hooked on Thinking. The Reading Teacher. April 2004: 672-677.
Knowledge (recall facts) Comprehension (summarize/explain) Skyscraper Thinking Application (relate to real life) Analysis (compare/contrast) Evaluation (give an opinion) Synthesis (create something new) Draw and label the parts of the human heart. Describe the functions of each part of the heart. Describe what you do to keep your heart healthy. Compare and contrast the lifestyles of a person with a healthy heart versus a person with heart disease. Describe the journey of a blood cell through the arteries of an unhealthy heart. Knowing what you know about a heart-healthy lifestyle, evaluate a friend or a relative s lifestyle and make recommendations. Source: Paziotopoulos, Ann and Marianne Kroll. Hooked on Thinking. The Reading Teacher. April 2004: 672-677.