HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Huawei Confidential
Security Level: internal

47pt
30pt

:
FrutigerNext LT Medium
: Arial


47pt

28pt






Huawei eRAN3.0 LCS
Feature Introduction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
32pt
) :18pt


The Overview of LCS
Page 2
LCS Network Elements
E-SMLC :Location center that calculates the network-based locations of UEs.
GMLC :Handles UE location request from LCS clients;
Obtains the latitude and longitude of UE, and then returns the information to the LCS client;
Serves as a LCS operation platform to manage the related data of users, services, service subscription,
Service Providers (SPs), and accounting.
eNodeB : Performs location-related measurements, and reports measurement results.
MME :Transparently transmits positioning-related messages between the E-SMLC and other NEs .
UEs :Perform positioning measurements specific to positioning methods upon receiving an LCS request from
the E-SMLC.
LCS client: Requests location information about one or multiple UEs by initiating a location service request .
E-SMLC and GMLC is LCS new introduced

MME
UE
eNB
GW
LCS Client
GMLC
eNB
LPPa
LPP
S1-MME
SLs
SLg
Le
S1-U
S11
HSS
S6a
SLh
E-SMLC
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Typical LCS Procedure
Page 3
Step 3:The UE reports its own positioning
capability to the E-SMLC.

Step 4:The E-SMLC selects one or a combination of
positioning methods based on the UE's positioning
capabilities.

Step 5:The E-SMLC exchanges location procedures
with the serving eNodeB or UE to obtain a
location estimate, positioning measurements or
assistance data.

Scenario of 1a and 7a: MO-LR, allows an UE to
request either, its own location and optionally,
velocity or location assistance data.

Scenario of 1b and 7b: MT-LR, An external LCS
client requests the current location and optionally,
velocity of a target UE from a GMLC.

Scenario of 1c and 7c: NI-LR, At any time after
detecting an emergency situation (i.e. after
emergency Attach, UE requested emergency PDN
Connectivity), the MME may initiate the EPC NI-LR
procedure.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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LCS Classification
Page 4
LCS
CP-LCS UP-LCS
E-CID
(UE assisted only)
OTDOA
(UE assisted only)
A-GPS
(UE assisted/UE
based)
LCS type:
CP-LCS : Control Plane LCS
UP-LCS: User Plane LCS(transparent to E-UTRAN)
LCS mode:
UE based: UE calculates the location
UE assisted: E-SMLC calculates the locationCommon LCS mode
LCS method:
E-CID,OTDOA,A-GPS



Huawei LCS
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LCS Type
User Plane Position type
Pro:
Just the UE support required, No change on the
Network Device
Con:
1) Few UE support this positioning method
2) It would occupy a bearer, and the Positioning Signal
would be charged
3) The Positioning Services cant be controlled by
the Operator.

Page 5
Two Positioning type: User-plane
positioning type and E-UTRAN control-
plane positioning type.

SLP is the SUPL entity responsible for
positioning over the user plane.
UE eNode B MME
E-SMLC
LTE-Uu S1
SLs
SLP
S
U
P
L
b
e
a
r
e
r
Proprietary
interface
possible
SET
Control Plane Position type
Pro:
1) Operator can well control the Positioning Services
2) Most UE would support it
3) Positioning signal would not be charged
Con:
Need the Network device to support

Huaweis viewpoint: Positioning Service selecting depends on the UE, because just few UE support the
User plane position, but Most of UE support Control Plane Position we recommend the later method.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Positioning Principles for E-CID
Page 6
When a UE performs registration, location
update, or call setup, it reports the RRC
Connection Request message with the cell ID
of the serving cell included.

The eNodeB calculates TA and AOA .
TA:
Type 1 TA
A UE complying with 3GPP Release 9 can report
the difference between the UE RX time and TX
time using RRC signaling messages.
Type 2 TA
Obtaining this type of TADV requires UEs to
initiate random access.
Type 1 TA is more accurate than type 2 TA.
AOA: An eNodeB can obtain AOA only after it is
configured with the smart antenna.




In E-CID, the eNodeB calculates the Timing Advance (TA) between the
antennas of the serving eNodeB and the UE to be located, and measures the
Angle of Arrival (AoA) of the received signal. The E-SMLC then determines
the geographical location of the UE based on the TA and the AoA.

The E-CID positioning range is about hundreds of meters.
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E-Cell ID positioning Procedure
Page 7
Step 1,E-SMLC get the Location Request
from the MME.
Step 2 and Step 3, E-SMLC Request the
UEs Position Capability .
Step 4 and Step 5,E-SMLC Request
Measure Information from the eNB.
Step 6,E-SMLC provide the Assistance Data
to the UE.
Step 7 and Step 8, E-SMLC Request the
UEs Measure information ,E-SMLC use it
together with the Measure Information
from the eNB to calculates the final
location.
Step 9, E-SMLC Return the Position to the
MME.

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Positioning Principles for OTDOA
Page 8
Two hyperbola branches are derived
when the difference of distances from
the UE to eNodeB 0 and eNodeB 1is a
constant (d1- d0) and that from the UE
to eNodeB 1 and eNodeB 2 is a
constant (d2 - d1).
The UE location is determined as the
crossing point of the two hyperbola
branches.

Time synchronous: To OTODA eNBs
need to using the GPS receiver to
obtain each eNBs system time. And a
GPS receiver card should be deployed
on the eNBs side.
In OTDOA, the UE measures the arrival time of the positioning reference
signals (PRS) transmitted from multiple eNodeBs, and reports the time to
the E-SMLC. The E-SMLC then determines the geographical location of
the UE based on hyperbola principles.

The OTDOA positioning range is from tens of meters to hundreds of
meters.
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O-TDOA positioning Procedure
Step 1,E-SMLC get the Location Request
from the MME.
Step 2 and Step 3, E-SMLC Request the
UEs Position Capability .
Step 4 and Step 5,E-SMLC Request O-TDOA
Assistance Data from the eNB.
Step 6,E-SMLC provide the Assistance Data
to the UE.
Step 7 and Step 8, E-SMLC Request the
UEs Measure information and using it to
calculates the final location.
Step 9, E-SMLC Return the Position to the
MME.

Page 9
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Positioning Principles for A-GPS
Page 10
The E-SMLC collects the
information about GPS satellites
( the reference location,
reference time, and the
ionosphere model ),
and then sends the assistance
data to the target UE.
The E-SMLC sends the assistance data to the target UE. Though the
assistance data, the UE can acquire the GPS satellite signals more efficiently,
which will shorten the time of measuring the pseudo-ranges, reduce the
power consumption, and improve the receiving sensitivity.

The A-GPS positioning range is about tens of meters.
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A-GPS positioning Procedure
Page 11
Step 1,E-SMLC get the Location Request
from the MME.
Step 2 and Step 3, E-SMLC Request the
UEs Position Capability .
Step 4 ,E-SMLC get the A-GPS Assistance
Data.
Step 5,E-SMLC provide the Assistance Data
to the UE.
Step 6 and Step 7, E-SMLC Request the
UEs Measure information and using it to
calculates the final location.
Step 8, E-SMLC Return the Position to the
MME.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Key Parameter Introduction(OTDOA)
Page 12

MO

Parameter ID

Default Value

Actual

Unit

MML Command

ENodeBAlgoS
witch

LcsSwitch

OTDOA switch:
Off

OtdoaSwitch(OTD
OA switch)

OtdoaSwitch

None

MOD
ENODEBALGOSWITCH
LST
ENODEBALGOSWITCH

CellChPwrCfg

PrsPwr

0

-3175~3175

-15.875~15.875

0.005
dB

MOD CELLCHPWRCFG
LST CELLCHPWRCFG

MO

Parameter ID

Description

ENodeBAlgoSwitch

LcsSwitch

Location Services (LCS) switch, containing a sub-switch used to enable
or disable the Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA)-based
positioning method. If the sub-switch is turned on, OTDOA-based
positioning is enabled.

CellChPwrCfg

PrsPwr

Specifies the offset of the pilot power relative to the reference signal
power.
There was no parameter of A-GPS and ECID.
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Performance & Scenarios of LCS
First method selected
Positioning method differs with the requirement of wireless environment :
Second method selected
Method not recommended
Method Precision Handset Participation Environment
A-GPS

10~50m

Yes Outdoors
O-TODA

50~100m Yes Indoors, Outdoors
E-CID 100~1000m

No No Limit Position
Positioning method is selected based on factors that may include the LCS Client type, the
required QoS, wireless environment ,UE positioning capabilities and eNodeB positioning
capabilities.
Scenario Positioning Methods
A-GPS OTDOA E-CID
Urban
Rural
far Rural
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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) :18pt


Maintenance of LCS
Page 14
Counter Name Description
L.LCS.EcidMeas.Req Number of E-CID measurement requests in a cell
L.LCS.EcidMeas.Succ Number of successful E-CID measurement requests
in a cell
L.LCS.OtdoaMeas.Req Number of OTDOA measurement attempts received
by an eNodeB
L.LCS.OtdoaMeas.Succ Number of successful OTDOA measurement
requests sent by an eNodeB
Thank you
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