1.

Casewise online training: Draw Diagrams

Welcome to Casewise online training: Draw Diagrams . This training is primarily concerned with teaching you how to create and maintain Corporate Modeler diagrams. The first module introduces you to some basic concepts about the Corporate Modeler Suite and subsequent modules concentrate on diagramming.

2. Before you begin...

What software do I need to complete this training course? Import the training model

. !et "tarted...
You are now ready to begin learning. Click the link below to start Module 1

#odule 1: !etting "tarted with Corporate #odeler $

%ips and &dditional Information The Casewise support site contains additional resources that are updated regularly. These include specialist or ad!anced documentation together with software updates. http:''www.casewise.com'support'.

Training http://www.casewise.com/SupportingInformation/support/online_training/cm10.3/english/draw_diagrams/

(. What is the Corporate #odeler "uite?

The Corporate Modeler Suite is a set of tools used for modeling" and understanding" your business. %he main tools in the Corporate #odeler "uite are: Corporate #odeler #se Corporate Modeler to draw diagrams to model business processes" system beha!ior" and organi$ational hierarchies. %rawing diagrams allows you to !isuali$e how your ob&ects interact with each other to form processes" data flows" or system beha!iors. #odel )*plorer #se Model '(plorer to '(plore and Manage the ob&ects that make up your models. '(ploring your data allows you to centrally control your repository.

#atri* #anager #se Matri( Manager to !iew the ob&ect associations in your model as a table )or matri(*. +iewing your data as a Matri( allows you to analy$e how" when" and to what ends the ob&ects in your model interact. Corporate +ublisher #se Corporate ,ublisher to publish some or all of your model data in -TM. or Word format. ,ublishing your data enables people who do not ha!e access to Corporate Modeler to !iew your model data. Which of these tools will I be using? /s this course is mostly concerned with drawing diagrams" the tool you will use the most will be Corporate #odeler. We will look at how you draw diagrams that represent your business processes ),rocess %ynamics diagrams*" and diagrams that represent the organi$ation of your company )-ierarchy diagrams* in modules 0 and 1. We will also take a brief look at the other tools in the suite as we begin to perform tasks.

,. -aunch and understand Corporate #odeler

What ha.e we already learnt about Corporate #odeler? When we looked at what the Corporate Modeler Suite actually comprised of in the last section" we described Corporate Modeler as follows Corporate #odeler #se Corporate Modeler to draw diagrams to model business processes" system beha!ior" and organi$ational hierarchies. %rawing diagrams allows you to !isuali$e how your ob&ects interact with each other to form processes" data flows" or system beha!iors. What does Corporate #odeler allow you to do? Corporate Modeler allows you to

2pen and edit e(isting diagrams. Create new diagrams. /dd ob&ects to diagrams )both ob&ects that already e(ist in your model" and new ob&ects created especially for this diagram*. Connect ob&ects with lines. Change the way your diagrams and ob&ects appear.

Note that the list above only shows the most basic things you can do using Corporate Modeler. Other functions will be introduced throughout the body of this course.

/ow to... 0pen Corporate #odeler:

3rom the Start -ere pages Click Corporate #odeler. 3rom the Start menu Select Casewise Corporate #odeler "uite 1 Corporate #odeler .

2. )*ercise: 0pen a diagram

2nce you ha!e launched Corporate Modeler" you can open the diagram Module 01 Diagram 01 !aunch and understand Corporate Modeler by following these steps 1. Select 3ile 1 0pen Diagram... The %iagram Selector dialog opens. 0. 3rom the Models drop4down" select %raining #odel. 1. 3rom the Diagrams section" select #odule 41 5 Diagram 41 5 -aunch and understand Corporate #odeler. 5. Click 06. The selected diagram opens. "lease ta#e some time to loo# at the information contained within this diagram. $t e%plains the various areas of Corporate Modeler&s user interface and what they are used for.

7. -aunch and understand #odel )*plorer

What ha.e we already learnt about #odel )*plorer? When we looked at what the Corporate Modeler Suite actually comprised )in the last section*" we described Model '(plorer as follows #odel )*plorer #se Model '(plorer to e(plore and manage the ob&ects in your Corporate Models. '(ploring your data allows you to centrally control your repository. What does #odel )*plorer allow you to do? Model '(plorer allows you to

2pen diagrams. Create new diagrams. +iew the properties of models" diagrams" and ob&ects. Create new ob&ects )independently of diagrams*. /dminister users and user access.

Note that the list above only shows the most basic things you can do using Model '%plorer. Other functions will be introduced throughout the body of this course. /ow to... 0pen #odel )*plorer:

3rom the Start -ere pages click #odel )*plorer. 3rom the Start Menu select Casewise Corporate #odeler "uite 1 #odel )*plorer.

8. )*ercise: 0pen a diagram from #odel )*plorer

2nce you ha!e launched Model '(plorer" you can open the diagram Module 01 Diagram 0( !aunch and understand Model '%plorer by following these steps 1. 3rom the left4hand tree !iew" e(pand the Training Model. 0. Click Diagram. The diagrams in this model are listed. 1. 3rom the right4hand list !iew" select the diagram #odule 41 5 Diagram 42 5 -aunch and understand #odel )*plorer. 5. 6ight4click Diagram 1 0pen or press Ctrl9)nter. The selected diagram opens.

:. !etting help while using Corporate #odeler

The Corporate Modeler Suite comes with !arious help resources" which you are ad!ised to use whene!er you are unsure how to use a function in the product. /ow to... 0pen the help file: 1. ,ress 31 or select /elp 1 Contents to open the help at its home page. 0. 6ight4click an ob&ect and select What;s %his? or open a dialog and click the /elp button to open the help at a page rele!ant to the selected ob&ect or dialog. /ow to... "earch for help topics:

Click the "how button. The Contents" 7nde( and Search panes are re!ealed.

'ach item in the contents represents a task that a user can perform. 7f you cannot find a topic in the table of contents" you can also do keyword searches on the inde( and search tabs. %ip: Try the 7nde( before you try the Search facility as it will produce fewer results" and therefore the list of results will be easier to na!igate.

14. What are models and diagrams?

When you are using Corporate Modeler" you are creating ob&ects and diagrams in a model. This section defines what ob&ects" diagrams and models are" and what they represent in your real business. )lthough this section is short* it is possibly the most important section of the course. "lease ma#e sure that you understand each concept as it is described and wor# through all of the available information. This third section tries to answer the questions

What is a model8 What are diagrams" and how do they relate to the model8 What are ob&ect types" and how do they relate to the model8 What are ob&ects" and how do they relate to the model8

11. What are diagrams< and how do they fit in to the model?
/ diagram is a !isual representation of some of the ob&ects in a model interacting with one another. #sing Corporate Modeler to draw a diagram is at the heart of modeling. / simple diagram" showing a business process" or a system9s features" can be created in seconds and gi!es a real sense of how a process works" how a system will function" or how a group is organi$ed.

)*ercise: -oo= at a diagram '(plore the following %iagram in the training model #odule 41 5 Diagram 4 5 What are diagrams< and how do they fit in to the model? Things to notice while you are exploring this diagram:

This diagram represents a complete process" from a starting e!ent" through se!eral tasks" to a final" concluding result 4 an occurrence that signifies that the process is at an end. The connectors on this diagram show the order in which the process occurs" so 92rder 6eady to %eli!er9 comes first" followed by 9.oad the !an9" then 93ind %eli!ery .ocation9" and so on. until it ends at 92rder 3ulfilled9. 'ach ob&ect ),rocess" '!ent or 6esult* in!ol!ed in the process has a name describing what it is" and a description that pro!ides more detail. The diagram describes a process that is 4 itself 4 made up of sub4processes.

12. What are ob>ect types< and how do they fit in to the model?
When you were e(ploring the model before" you may ha!e noticed that e(panding the tree in Model '(plorer re!ealed not only model names" but also 4 beneath the model names 4 a series of additional ob&ects. The lowest le!el in this tree represents the ob>ect types in your model 4 such as /pplications" %iagrams and ,rocesses. /n ob>ect type is a design ob>ect which is used as a template for creating new instances of that type of ob&ect. )*ample /n ob&ect type entitled :eometric Shape has properties including 9;ame9" 9Surface area9" and 9;umber of corners9. 7n Corporate Modeler" if 7 drag the ob&ect type :eometric Shape from the ;ew 2b&ects palette onto the can!as 7 create an ob&ect based on the :eometric Shape ob&ect type. This ob&ect also has the properties 9;ame9" 9Surface area9" and 9;umber of corners9 and can be gi!en !alues for these attributes" such as ;ame < Square" Surface area < 15" and the ;umber of corners < 5.

1 . )*ercise: Create some modeling ob>ects from the ob>ect type !eometric "hape

'(plore the following diagram in the training model #odule 41 5 Diagram 4( 5 What are ob>ect types< and how do they fit in to the model? Things to notice while you are exploring this diagram:

Your ob&ect type defines the properties of your ob&ects. When you create the new ob&ects they all ha!e the same a!ailable properties )they all ha!e a Dimensions tab" containing the properties surface area" and number of corners*. When you create the new ob&ects" they become a!ailable in the '(isting 2b&ects palette )select !eometric "hape from the drop4down to see them*. 7f you look in Model '(plorer" you will see that the tree structure contains the ob&ect type !eometric "hape and that if you select this in the left4hand pane" all of your new ob&ects appear in the right4hand pane.

What are ob>ects< and how do they fit in to the model?

/s seen in the pre!ious topic and e(ercise" ob&ects are actual e(amples of the underlying ob&ect type. '!erything stored in the repository is an ob&ect. 3or further information" look at the definition of an ob&ect in the :lossary. )To open the :lossary 2pen Corporate #odeler" ,ress 31" Click "how" and then select !lossary from the table of contents*. In the pre.ious e*ercise: The indi!idual shapes you created )the ob&ects representing Squares or Triangles* are ob&ects that occur in the real world" ha!e properties" and appear on diagrams. You created these shapes from the ob&ect type called :eometric Shape on the ;ew 2b&ects palette. :eometric Shape is a template for those ob&ects.

1(. #odule 2: Create a Business +rocess ?+rocess Dynamics@ diagram

This module is concerned with =usiness ,rocess diagrams. These diagrams allow you to show how your business works. The module consists of the following topics 1. What is a Business +rocess diagram? 4 this section describes the concepts behind business process )or process dynamics* diagramming. 0. Create a Business +rocess diagram 4 this section describes how to create a diagram that describes your business processes" including how to add" connect" mo!e and remo!e ob&ects. 1. Anderstanding the modeling ob>ects that you add to diagrams 4 this section talks about the ob&ects you add to a diagram" and teaches you how to add and connect ob&ects on a diagram. 5. "ome basic diagramming techniBues 4 this section teaches you a few handy techniques for diagramming. These techniques are useful to learn for all users.

1,. What is a Business +rocess diagram?

Most users of the Corporate Modeler Suite will be drawing =usiness ,rocess diagrams. That is" modeling their business in a series of diagrams so that they can understand how their business works )its dynamics* and thereby to try to impro!e its processes.

This section pro!ides you with

/ definition of what a =usiness ,rocess diagram is. /n illustration of a =usiness ,rocess diagram. /n illustration of =usiness ,rocess models" and multi4le!el models generally.

Definition of a Business +rocess diagram

%rawing =usiness ,rocess )or process dynamics* diagrams is one of the main uses for Corporate Modeler. / =usiness ,rocess diagram is a !isuali$ation of the processes that your company performs. Business +rocess diagrams each represent a complete process< from an e.ent that starts it off< through se.eral tas=s< to a final concluding result< an occurrence that signifies that the process is at an end.

Why draw a Business +rocess diagram? %rawing =usiness ,rocess diagrams allow you to understand and analy$e your business. #nderstanding and analy$ing your business processes allows you to streamline and impro!e your business performance.

12. Illustration of a Business +rocess diagram

To understand what a =usiness ,rocess diagram is" e(plore the following diagram in the training model #odule 42 5 Diagram 41 5 Definition of a Business +rocess diagram Things to notice while you are exploring this diagram:

This diagram represents a complete process" from a triggering e!ent that starts it off" through se!eral tasks" to a final concluding result that signifies that the process is at an end. 2b&ects are connected to each other in an order to show that 4 for e(ample 4 the process 9,ick goods9 must be completed before the process 9Wrap goods9 can begin )you cannot wrap something that you do not yet ha!e>*. The diagram describes a process that is itself made up of sub4processes.

1.1. 7..#ST6/T72; 23 / =#S7;'SS ,62C'SS M2%'.

/ =usiness ,rocess can be !ery comple( and it is normal to ha!e lots of =usiness ,rocess diagrams stored in a single Business +rocess model. 'ach diagram within this model may show different parts of the business or information !isuali$ed at different le!els of granularity 4 with some diagrams showing lots of detail about a process" and some showing only which teams are responsible for each area" or which building they occur in. %o represent this granularity in our diagrams we use a techniBue called '(ploding. We e*plode an ob>ect on a diagram to loo= inside it and see the details it is made up of 5 these details are shown on another diagram. We call this second diagram a %etail diagram as it shows the details of the original e*ploded ob>ect. '(ercise .ook at a diagram )*plore the following diagram in the training model:

Module ?0 4 %iagram ?0 4 7llustration of a =usiness ,rocess model Things to notice while you are exploring this diagram:

The first diagram you look at shows !ery high le!el information )information that is not !ery detailed*. The diagram you 9'(plode to9 from this diagram" shows more detail about the same process )in fact it shows the processes that you ha!e to perform to ha!e completed the original process*.

What is an '(plosion8 )illustration*

1.0. W-/T 7S /; '@,.2S72;8 )7..#ST6/T72;*

/n '(plosion is a link from an ob&ect on one diagram to another diagram. 7f you click on an e(ploded ob&ect )these can be identified easily" as they show a plus A symbol*" you can na!igate directly from the parent ob&ect to the child diagram. /n e(plosion created from a ,rocess normally opens a diagram that shows the process in more detail. 3or e(ample" the process Despatch !oods may e(plode to a diagram that is also called %espatch :oods" and that includes the sub4processes 9/ddress :oods9" 9Weigh :oods9" 9Send to ,ost 6oom9 and so on. The lower4le!el processes must be completed before the goods can be despatched )that is" the child diagram breaks the process %espatch :oods down into more detail" or sub4processes*. /n e(plosion created from an ob&ect on a -ierarchy diagram )for e(ample" the 2rgani$ation 9Warehouse9* can pro!ide a link to any related diagram )for e(ample" a diagram detailing any process that occurs at the Warehouse*. %he lin=ed diagrams are be used to show more detailed information about the e*ploded ob>ect.

You can mo!e between the ob&ects using the e(plode and return buttons on the toolbar.

1.1. '@,.2%' /; 2=B'CT 2; T-7S %7/:6/M

&n e*plosion allows us to connect one ob>ect on a diagram to another diagram. We often use 5 and ha.e pre.iously e*plored 5 both e*ploding ob>ects to show more detail and using a /ierarchy diagram as the ;front page; of a series of diagrams and e*ploding from the ob>ects on that diagram to all related diagrams as na.igational tool. In this e*ercise we will be creating an e*plosion from our newly created /ierarchy diagram< thereby ma=ing this diagram into a ;front page; for a model containing mar=eting information. If you do not fully understand what an e*plosion is< please read this topic before you begin: What is an )*plosion? ?illustration@ -ow to... '(plode an ob&ect on the diagram 9My =usiness9 1. 2n a diagram" select the ob&ect that you want to e(plode. 0. 6ight4click and select )*plode Cew 1 Diagram.

The New Diagram dialog opens. 1. 'nter a ;ame for the new diagram. Note: +y default your new diagram will be given the name of the ob,ect it is an e%plosion of. -his is because the e%ploded ob,ect and the detail diagram often represent the same information* ,ust at a different level of detail. 5. Select that you wish to create a diagram that is based on a Template" and choose the template %emplate 42: )*plode an ob>ect from those a!ailable. C. Click 06. The diagram is created and opens.

2. 3&D": &B0A% D3D )E+-0"I0C"

When you explode a process object on a DFD, the following rules apply: 1. the exploded process object displays much larger on the child diagram 2. any objects which are the direct inputs or outputs of the exploded process and their connectors ! are replicated on the child diagram. "ote: DFD rules dictate that such objects can only be of type #rocess, Data $tore or %xternal %ntity &. objects not directly connected to the exploded process on the parent diagram are not replicated on the child diagram For the abo'e beha'ior to apply the diagram you are exploding from must be subject to DFD rules and you must choose a DFD template for your child diagram. (f you explode from a non!DFD diagram to a DFD diagram then only the exploded object )e.g. a process* appears on the child diagram. (f you explode to a non!DFD diagram then no objects are replicated on the child diagram. +he diagram below shows an example of how DFD explosions wor,.

0.1. C6'/T' / %'T/7. %7/:6/M

+here is a concept in the -orporate .odeler $uite called /explosions/. +his is when a process shown on a high le'el diagram is /decomposed/ into a detail diagram. +he idea of this detail diagram is that it shows a more detailed picture of the parent object. For example, the #rocess /Despatch 0oods/ that appears on a high le'el diagram may be decomposed to a diagram containing the processes: /Wrap 0oods/, /#rint 1abels/, and /$end to #ost 2oom/. +hese three processes all need to be completed to complete the #rocess /Despatch 0oods/. What do you want to do? +o select an object that you want to detail and create an explosion to a new diagram from it, see: -reate a new diagram by exploding an object on a diagram . .

-reate a new diagram by exploding an object in .odel %xplorer

+o ta,e an existing diagram and set it to be the explosion of an existing object, see: .a,e an existing diagram into a detail diagram or change the parent object of a detail diagram .

To use these explosions to navigate around the diagram !drill"down! to see extra detail# or !drill up! to see the context of the process$# see: %pen a parent or detail diagram.
&hen 'ou explode a process o()ect on a DFD *ata +low *iagram$ the (ehavior is slightl' different. ,lichere for further details. Tips and Additional Information

(t is also possible to explode an object into a matrix. +o do this follow the procedure for exploding to a new diagram with the following minor change:

-lic, Explode New > Matrix.

"ote that an exploded object can be easily identified on an open diagram, as it contains a plus sign )3*. 4ou can also na'igate to the detail diagram easily, by clic,ing the plus sign )3*. Note: If you want to create a new diagram that neither: conforms to any pre-set diagramming rules, nor has any objects in the palette when it is first opened you must select to create a blan! diagram based on diagramming rules, and select No "ules from the drop-down list# $his may be useful if you are responsible for creating templates#

. 0+)C & +&F)C% 0F D)%&I- DI&!F&#

+here is a concept in the -orporate .odeler $uite called /explosions/, also ,nown as /drill!downs/. +his is when a process shown on a high le'el diagram is /decomposed/ into a detail diagram. +he idea of this detail diagram is that it shows the lower le'el processes that comprise the process on the higher le'el diagram it is decomposed from. For example, the #rocess /Despatch 0oods/ that appears on a high le'el diagram may be decomposed to a diagram containing the processes: /Wrap 0oods/, /#rint 1abels/, and /$end to #ost 2oom/. +hese three processes all need to be completed to complete the #rocess /Despatch 0oods/. +his topic describes the process of na'igation from a parent object to its detail diagram and from a detail diagram to its parent. What do you want to do? (f )in either -orporate .odeler or .odel %xplorer* you can see an exploded object and you wish to open the diagram this object explodes to, see: 5pen a parent diagram

-lic, %ile > "eturn.

If only 1 diagram contains the object that is this diagram's parent the selected diagram opens. If more than 1 diagram contains the object that is this diagram's parent the diagram selector opens# select the diagram 'ou wish to open from the list presented and clic- %..

(. &A%0#&%IC DFI-- D0WC D)+%/

(n the -hoose Diagram screen of the -orporate #ublisher Wi6ard, the diagrams can be listed in a hierarchy )tree* format )as determined by the setting of 7Diagram 1ist7 option in the 70eneral7 folder*. (n this type of listing, if you double clic, on a diagram, some of its descendent diagrams are selected along with it. 8ow many le'els of descendent diagrams are selected depends on this 9utomatic Drill Down Depth setting, as shown below )"ote that the setting is shown in brac,ets, and that the le'el of a descendent diagram is reflected in how far it is indented from the left*: Diagram -hild diagram )1* Descendent diagram )2* Descendent diagram )&* and so on 9ll descendent le'els )not specified or :*

5.1. C-22S' %7/:6/MS SC6'';

$elect diagrams to output. +he output can only include the diagrams you select, the objects on these diagrams and objects associated with the objects on these diagrams. Which of these are actually outputted is determined by the settings you ma,e in the next )#roperties* screen. +hese options are the 7(nclude ;diagram type<7 options, the 7Diagram #age #roperties7 and the 75bject #age #roperties7. (f the diagram hierarchy is unusually complex then an alphabetical list displays instead. (.1.1. ")-)C% DI&!F&#" -lic, on a diagram7s 7not selected7 symbol )see below* to select it= clic, on a diagram7s 7selected7 symbol )see below* to deselect it. (n a 8ierarchy type list )tree*, you can double clic, on a diagram to simultaneously select the diagram and some of its descendent diagrams. +he number of le'els of descendent diagrams that are selected is set by the 9utomatic Drill Down Depth option ! this option is accessible from the next )#roperties* screen= see the option7s &hat's $his( help for more details. "ote that in a 8ierarchy type list )tree*, the order of the child diagrams listing is determined by the 78ierarchy Drill Down 5rdering7 and 7"on!8ierarchy Drill Down 5rdering7 options )in the #ublication $et %ditor7s 0eneral tab*. 9ny red italic entries are due to recursi'e hierarchies. %ach of the symbols you might see in the list has a meaning. 4ou can select or deselect all the diagrams in one operation: 1. Display the shortcut menu from the right!hand mouse button. 2. $elect )elect *ll or +eselect *ll. 4ou can only continue to the next screen if you ha'e selected at least one diagram. (.1.2. "&G) DI&!F&# ")-)C%I0C" -lic, )a,e +iagram )elections to sa'e the currently selected diagrams to the +iagrams to -ublish property in the #ublication $et. (f there is already a list of diagrams specified in the +iagrams to -ublish property, a message box will appear. -lic, .es to replace that list by the diagrams currently selected in the Wi6ard. 5therwise clic, No.

(f there is not already a list of diagrams specified, or if there is and .es is selected then a message will appear confirming the action and as,ing whether the list is to be used by default. (f .es is selected on this second message box then the 'alue of the Diagram $election .ethod property will be set to )elect )ome. (f No is selected then the 'alue of +iagram )election Method will be set to )elect in &i/ard )although the list of currently selected diagrams will be sa'ed for future acti'ation if you change the 'alue of +iagram )election Method to )elect )ome*.

,. CF)&%) &C )C%I%H DI&!F&#

-reating an %ntity diagram means adding %ntities to that diagram, to create relationships between those %ntities, and to associate 9ttributes or >eys with your %ntities. What do you want to do? +o add %ntities to your diagram, and then to draw the relationships between them as lines, see: 9dd %ntities and 2elationships to a diagram

/ou add 0ntities to a diagram# as 'ou would an' other modeling o()ect " see 1dd ,orporate 2odeler o()ects to 'our diagram. 3elationships are reusa(le o()ects# so 'ou can add either 4ew or 0xisting 3elationships using the o()ect palette. Select 'our source 0ntit' the 0ntit' that 'ou want to (e the parent in the relationship$# drag a 3elationship from the palette to the target 0ntit' the 0ntit' 'ou want to (e the child in this relationship$. 4ote that a relationship must (e connected to o()ects at (oth ends.

Tips To edit the 5roperties of a 3elationship that is# specif' its cardinalit'$# dou(le"clic- it. 6se the 7elp (utton to find out what each field represents. +o associate 9ttributes with your %ntities, see: 9dd an 9ttribute to an %ntity From the !ntity "roperties dialog 1. Select Associations # Attributes. The 1ttri(utes dialog opens. 1n' existing 1ttri(utes for this 0ntit' are shown in the list. 8. ,lic- $ew %%% The 1ttri(ute 5roperties dialog opens. 3. 0nter 5roperties for the new 1ttri(ute. .

9. ,lic- &'. Tips +o edit the properties of an already existing 9ttribute, clic, Edit ### in the 9ttributes dialog. +o delete an 9ttribute )remo'e it so that it is no longer associated with this %ntity*, select the row and clic, +elete. +o change the %ntity that an existing 9ttribute is associated with, see: .o'e 9ttributes from one %ntity to another 1. %pen the Attribute Properties dialog. 8. +rom the 0ntit' drop"down list# select the 0ntit' 'ou want the 1ttri(ute to (e associated with. .

C.1. C6'/T' / =#S7;'SS ,62C'SS %7/:6/M

The pages in this section describe how to create a diagram that models a simple business process. We recommend that you launch Corporate #odeler now. The lessons in this section are mostly hands4on" and teach you how to

create a diagram. add ob&ects to a diagram. connect two ob&ects )such as processes* to each other. mo!e ob&ects around the can!as once they9re on a diagram. remo!e ob&ects from a diagram. sa!e your changes to a diagram.

/%% 2=B'CTS T2 Y2#6 %7/:6/M

7n a pre!ious module" we created a new ob&ect called Shape from the ob&ect type :eometric Shape in the ;ew 2b&ects palette. ;ow" you need to use the new ob&ects palette )to the left of the diagram* to drag and drop the following ob&ects onto the diagram %rag the ).ent ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette to create a new ob&ect" and call it "tart the process. -ip: $f you edit the name on the ob,ect itself* you can save it by pressing 'nter.

%rag the +rocess ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette to create a new ob&ect" and call it 3irst step in the process. -ip: $f you want to change the name* after you&ve saved it* select the shape and press 'nter to see and edit the ob,ect&s properties.

%rag the +rocess ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette to create a new ob&ect" and call it "econd step in the process. -ip: Notice that when you drop the shapes near to one another they form an orderly line .they are snapping to a grid in Corporate Modeler/.

%rag the Fesult ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette to create a new ob&ect" and call it 3inish the process. -ip: )ll of these ob,ects are now available in the '%isting Ob,ects palette .if you select 0esult from the drop down list* then right clic# the list below and clic# 0efresh/.

C.0. -2W T2 C2;;'CT TW2 2=B'CTS T2 '/C- 2T-'6

Connecting the ob&ects on your diagram )drawing arrows between them* is !ery important to your diagrams. The arrows" or 9connectors9" show that one process or e!ent occurs before another chronologically 4 for e(ample" a bank account is opened before money can be paid into it. /ow to ... Connect ob>ects on your diagram: 1. Select the '!ent "tart the process.

0.

1. ,ress 312. 5. Select 3irst step in the process )that is" the ob&ect you want to connect to*. C. / line is drawn connecting the two ob&ects.

%ips:

,ressing 310 is a shortcut. You can also select the '!ent" drag the connector from the palette" and drop it o!er the ,rocess to connect the '!ent to the ,rocess. =y default" the connector is drawn as a straight line. 7f you want to draw the line as a dog leg )bent* in the first instance" you must change the .ine =eha!ior to Bent. Select %ools 1 0ptions ... and then select the %iagram tab.

C.1. M2+' 2=B'CTS /62#;% 2; / %7/:6/M

/ll of the ob&ects on your diagram can be mo!ed around the can!as by selecting and dragging them. To get a feel of how this works" return to your diagram in the training model )you called this diagram #y 3irst Diagram*" and drag some of the ob&ects around. %hings to notice while you are e*ploring this diagram:

The ob&ects remain connected when you drag them around. Duic= tip if you mo!e an ob&ect and do not like the way the line has changed" you can select the line and press 311 to redraw it. To grab a series of ob&ects on your diagram" use your mouse to draw a rectangle around the shapes that you want to mo!e. When all the ob&ects are selected" drag them to a new position. Duic= tip to select all of the ob&ects on your diagram

,ress Ctrl 9 &.

C.5. 6'M2+' 2=B'CTS 362M / %7/:6/M

There are two ways that you can remo!e an ob&ect from your diagram 1. 7f you want to delete an ob&ect from the diagram" and you are certain that you will not want to reinstate it later or add it to another diagram" select the ob&ect on your diagram" right4click and choose Delete.

;ote that you will not be able to delete any ob&ect that appears on more than one diagram already. 0. 7f you want to remo!e the ob&ect from the diagram" but you might want to add it to this or other diagrams later" select the ob&ect on your diagram" right4click and choose Clear. We look at the differences between Clearing and %eleting later in this training course" when we look at the principles of ob&ect reuse. To get a feel of how this works" return to your diagram in the training model )you called this diagram #y 3irst Diagram*" and remo!e the ob&ect 3irst step in the process. Things to notice while you are e(ploring this diagram

C.C. S/+' T-' %7/:6/M

You are probably used to sa!ing anything you create on a computer using 3ile 1 "a.e. -owe!er" with Corporate Modeler" you do not ha!e to e(plicitly sa!e changes to your diagrams. This is done automatically during your session and when you close the diagram. ;ote that you can undo any changes you ha!e made to your diagram during your session by pressing Ctrl 9 I. The 3ile 1 "a.e &s command creates a copy of the diagram

/ny connectors running to or from this ob&ect are also remo!ed.

C.D. #;%'6ST/;%7;: T-' 2=B'CTS T-/T Y2# /%% T2 %7/:6/MS

This section describes the different ob&ects )for e(ample" '!ents" ,rocesses" 2rgani$ations* that you can use on a ,rocess %ynamics diagram and the rules that go!ern their use. %his section teaches you:

What the ob&ects that appear in the palette of a =usiness ,rocess diagram represent. -ow to add other ob&ects" and what they are used for. -ow to create new diagrams with different ob&ects in the palette.

#;%'6ST/;% T-' 2=B'CTS 7; / =#S7;'SS ,62C'SS %7/:6/M9S ,/.'TT'

The ob>ect types that you can see here are what you typically use to create =usiness ,rocess ),rocess %ynamics* diagrams. Click the ob&ect for a detailed e(planation of what it is" and what it should be used to represent on your diagram.

Connector sets 7t is also possible to add connector set ob&ects to your diagrams from the palette. These ob&ects signify a decision or fork in a process. )*ample: This @26 set )represented @26 circle* represents a credit check" which results in '7T-'6 the userEs goods being sent 26 the user sale being declined. 7t can ne!er result in both results.

C.F. 2T-'6 2=B'CTS /;% T-'76 #S'S

There are other types of ob&ect that you can add to your diagramG these are described below. /part from the 3ree Te(t and 7ssue ob&ects" these ob&ects cannot appear on the 2b&ect ,alette" so you must use the Insert menu to add them to a diagram )for e(ample" Insert 1 %itle adds a diagram title ob&ect to your diagram*. 7ssues. These are ob&ects that you can create while a model is under de!elopment. Typically" you use them to keep track of outstanding issues and other supplementary information. You can then associate these 7ssues to specific ob&ects or whole diagrams. You can also add your 7ssue ob&ects to the diagram.

3ree Te(t. This is a te(t bo( that you can use to annotate your diagram. Title. +ersion Control. This shows the information that is stored on the +ersion tab of the %iagram ,roperties dialog. This is not part of the notation for this type of diagram" but is a kind of te(tual annotation 4 like free te(t 4 that allows you to enrich your diagram.

:allery ,icture. ,ictures" or graphics" can enhance the presentation of your diagram or can be used as annotations or additions to the diagram9s content. You can either add a picture from the gallery by clicking Insert 1 !allery +icture" or you can add a picture by copying it from another program and pasting it directly onto the can!as.

2b&ect .ink. 2b&ect .inks allow you to create a shortcut to an e(ternal application or document or to another diagram )this includes diagrams in other models*. 3or e(ample" you could link to a Word or '(cel document" which would then allow you to launch that document directly from the diagram. You can also assign graphics to your 2b&ect .inks so that they ha!e a distincti!e appearance on your diagram.

C.H. C6'/T' ;'W %7/:6/MS W7T- %733'6';T 2=B'CTS 7; T-' ,/.'TT'

The palette you see when you create a diagram is determined by the template you chose when you created your diagram. So if you want to see different ob&ects in your palette" you should pick a different template. -ow does this work8 When a new diagram is created from a template diagram< that template is copied ?as though you selected Copy and +aste@ to create the new diagram. %his means that the new diagram contains any ob>ects created in the Cew 0b>ects palette< any ob>ects drawn on the template;s can.as< and any rules set against the diagram template on creation.

Cote: When you create new diagrams from a template" the template diagram is copied. The new diagram is not linked to the template" so if you change the properties of the template diagram" these changes do not flow through to the e(isting diagrams based on that template. 7n the sample model pro!ided 4 Casewise 3ramework '(ample 4 open each of these Template diagrams

Template =usiness %ynamics Model Template 3unction %ynamics Model Template System %ynamics Model

'ach of these templates is used as the basis for a particular type of =usiness ,rocess diagram. When you create a new diagram" you should be !ery careful to select the correct template and thereby get the right ob&ects in your palette.

C.I. S2M' =/S7C %7/:6/MM7;: T'C-;7J#'S

7n this section" we shall look at some techniques used for managing a diagramming session" such as how to $oom in and out and what format you want for the Connectors on your diagram. This is a !ery brief section that runs you through some !ery basic actions K acti!ities will help you to optimi$e your use of the software.

C.1?. T'C-;7J#'S %7/:6/MS

)*plore the following diagram in the training model: Module ?0 4 %iagram ?1 4 7dentify K =uild ,roduct Techniques to try while you are e(ploring this diagram

%ouble4click an empty part of the diagram. What happens8

Try e(perimenting with these toolbar buttons

What happens8 The background color of the whole diagram changes.

Click to $oom in to a detail on the diagram. Click to $oom out and see more of the diagram. Click to show the whole diagram in the a!ailable area.

Select 3ormat 1 Bac=ground color ... and choose a color.

C.11. T'C-;7J#'S 2=B'CTS

Feopen the following diagram ?if it is not already open@ in the training model: Module ?0 4 %iagram ?1 4 7dentify K =uild ,roduct Techniques to try while you are e(ploring this diagram

%ouble4click an ob&ect. What happens8

The ,roperties dialog for that ob&ect opens. You can use these panes to record information about your model all ob&ects ha!e a %escription tab" and if you are looking at a ,rocess or an '!ent ob&ect" you can enter metrics that describe how long it takes to complete each process" or what costs are accrued. These metrics can be used to simulate your diagrams.

Click an ob&ect twice slowly. What happens8

You can edit the ob&ect9s name directly on the diagram without ha!ing to open its ,roperties dialog.

Select an ob&ect and right4click. What happens8

/ popup menu opens that contains the most commonly used commands for that ob&ect. Try the What9s This8 command. You will be pleased to know that you 4 or the System Manager 4 can customi$e the help te(t that opens" e!en replacing our supplied te(t altogether.

Mo!e an ob&ect so that it o!erlays another ob&ect" for e(ample" place an 2rgani$ation on top of a ,rocess" then" right4click and use the %raw options. What happens8

You can use the #o.e to 3ront and #o.e to Bac= options to hide and re!eal ob&ects. When you ha!e ,rocesses in swim lanes" you can use these commands to ensure that you do not accidentally hide your ,rocesses behind the swim lanes. Cudge" &lign and FesiJe can be used to modify the ob&ects and their locations.

C.10. M2%#.' 1 C6'/T' / -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/M

This module looks at the use of -ierarchy diagrams in business process modeling. We in!estigate what they are used for and how they can be used to complement the =usiness ,rocess )or %ynamics* diagrams we looked at in the last module. %he module consists of the following topics: 1. What is a /ierarchy diagram? 4 7n this section you will learn what a -ierarchy diagram is" and what you use it to represent in your model. 0. Create a /ierarchy diagram 4 7n this section you will learn how to draw a typical -ierarchy diagram from a template in the training model. 1. "ome basic diagramming techniBues 4 This section teaches you a few handy techniques for diagramming. These techniques are useful to learn for all users.

?.

=efore you begin this section you are ad!ised to complete the module Create a =usiness ,rocess ),rocess %ynamics* diagram.

C.11. W-/T 7S / -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/M8

/s the name suggests" -ierarchy diagrams show hierarchical relationships between things in your business. )*ample: 2n an 2rganogram )a diagram showing the employees of a company*" the C'2 )Chief '(ecuti!e 2fficer* is at the top. The C'29s immediate employees )the C'29s ,/" for e(ample* are placed beneath the C'2 and connected to the C'2 ob&ect !ia a hierarchy link. /nother e(ample of a -ierarchy diagram is a ,rocess -ierarchy" which is sometimes referred to as a 3unctional %ecomposition chart. This type of diagram shows organi$ations )for e(ample" departments* within your business" and links them to the processes they are responsible for" thus showing a hierarchy of responsibility.

The ne(t topic shows some e(amples of -ierarchy diagrams.

C.15. TY,'S 23 -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/M

-ierarchy diagrams are typically used for 2rgani$ation Charts )2rganograms*" ,rocess -ierarchy diagrams )also known as 3unctional %ecomposition charts*" or e!en for a complete !iew of how all your business and system ob&ects relate to each other. -oo= at some e*amples: The most common -ierarchy diagram shows the organi$ation of your business. 3or e(ample" the status of your staff in the organi$ation. See an e(ample of an 2rganogram. ,rocess -ierarchy diagrams" or 3unctional %ecomposition charts" show the organi$ation of your business with regards to who is responsible for high4le!el processes. See an e(ample of a 3unctional %ecomposition chart. You can also use -ierarchy diagrams in a more fle(ible way" to show o!er!iews of any unit that is constructed as a hierarchy. The most common e(ample of this would be a company o!er!iew. See an e(ample of a company o!er!iew. To see an e(ample of a hierarchy diagram" you are asked to e(plore the following diagram in the training model Module ?1 4 %iagram ?1 4 Types of -ierarchy diagram Things to notice while you are exploring this diagram:

The ;ew 2b&ects palette for this diagram contains a -ierarchy .ink )the line used to connect ob&ects on a -ierarchy diagram*" a ,rocess" an 2rgani$ation" a .ocation" an 7ssue" and a 3ree Te(t ob&ect. The '(isting 2b&ects palette can be filtered by ob&ect type or category. The ob&ect types or categories in this list reflect those in the ;ew 2b&ects palette )if you right4click the process in the new ob&ects palette and remo!e it" then ,rocess isn9t a!ailable from the drop4down list below*. The hierarchy on this diagram shows The location of the business" then the departments within that business )drawn as 2rgani$ation ob&ects*" then the processes that those businesses are responsible for. You can9t open a properties dialog for a -ierarchy .ink" this is because a -ierarchy .ink has no properties.

C.1C. W-'; T2 #S' -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/MS

/s -ierarchy diagrams enable you to quickly describe !ery high4le!el information" they are often used for brainstorming or identifying the scope of a pro&ect. You can quickly capture 4 for e(ample 4 the organi$ational units )or departments* in your business" and the !ery high4le!el processes that those units are responsible for. ;ote that this information is !ery helpful for senior managers" who are not necessarily interested in the details of your processes but who want to understand the structure of your business.

%ips and &dditional information

,rocesses and 2rgani$ations added to your -ierarchy diagrams can be re4used )shown again* on your =usiness ,rocess diagrams. This means that you could show that a process is performed by the marketing department on the -ierarchy diagram" and then show its conte(t" or the steps it9s comprised of on a =usiness ,rocess diagram. The ob&ects on a -ierarchy diagram could be '(ploded to show their details on a =usiness ,rocess diagram. So" you could click on the process ob&ects in the hierarchy and e(plode to diagrams showing more information about how those processes are performed.

C.1D. #S' / -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/M /S T-' 9362;T ,/:'9 23 Y2#6 M2%'.

7t is often difficult to organi$e the diagrams in your model so that other users can find the diagrams that interest them" and so that it is easy to know when you ha!e captured all of the information about your processes as diagrams. 2ne way that you can do this is by using a -ierarchy diagram as the 9front page9 or o!er!iew of your model. 3or e(ample" if your diagram shows the departments that your business is comprised of )shown as 2rgani$ation ob&ects* you could '(plode each organi$ation to show all of the business processes that department is responsible for. This diagram shows the ob&ect warehouse )on a -ierarchy diagram* e(ploding to a diagram that shows a process the warehouse is responsible for" such as Dispatch customer goods. You could ha!e similar e(plosions for e!ery ob&ect on the hierarchy" so you click on Mar#eting to see processes such as Design and Create "ac#aging and Create Newsletter. This sort of structure enables users with only the most basic understanding of your business to locate diagrams. /ll they ha!e to know is which department the process they are interested in relates to. Tips and /dditional information

The ob&ects on your -ierarchy diagram can e(plode to any number of detail diagrams. You na!igate to a detail diagram by clicking the plus symbol )A* on the e(ploded ob&ect. 7f you want to use a diagram as the 9front page9 of your model" you should make sure its name is first alphabetically )perhaps by lea!ing a space in the name" or by prefi(ing all diagram names with a number denoting the order they should appear in*. This will result in your diagram appearing first in the list in the 2pen %iagram dialog" and in Model '(plorer.

C.1F. 2=B'CTS 2; -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/MS

/s you can see from the e(amples in this section" -ierarchy diagrams support all ob&ect types. So" you can draw any ob&ect on any -ierarchy diagram. 7f you want to draw a diagram of a particular type )for e(ample" you want to draw an 2rgani$ation -ierarchy and only want organi$ations on it* you should use a template to control the ob&ects that appear in the ;ew 2b&ects palette. Cote: You connect ob&ects on a -ierarchy diagram using -ierarchy .inks. These lines ha!e no properties )no names" no description etc.*" and are added to the diagram in the same way as connectors on =usiness ,rocess diagrams.

Which ob&ects are a!ailable in the palettes of -ierarchy diagrams are dictated by the diagram9s template. 7n the Casewise 3ramework model the following diagram templates are a!ailable for creating -ierarchy diagrams

%emplate: &pplication /ierarchy 4 %iagrams created from this template will display a hierarchy of applications used by your corporation. / good e(ample of a parent4child relationship on this type of diagram might be to show Microsoft 2ffice as the parent of the applications in the 2ffice Suite. %emplate: Business -ogistics 4 %iagrams created from this template display a hierarchy of your business9s locations" and the departments based at those locations. ;ote that the 2rgani$ation ob&ects in the palette of this template are titled %epartment Type and %epartment" and the .ocation is called City. This is because the ob&ect types that appear in this palette ha!e Categories. %emplate: -ocation /ierarchy 4 /gain" this shows the locations of your business using 2rgani$ation ob&ects. /gain" the ob&ects in the palette are categorised as Country" City" State and 6egion and would be shown in a hierarchy accordingly. So" the Country ob&ect A6 would appear abo!e the City ob&ect #anchester" connected by a -ierarchy .ink. %emplate: 0rganiJation ' +rocess 4 %raw the organi$ational units )representing the departments in your business*" and connect them to the processes for which they are responsible.

%ips and &dditional Information -ierarchy diagrams do not ha!e connectors in the palette" ob&ects are connected using /ierarchy -in=s. /n ob&ect that appears abo!e another ob&ect" and is connected !ia a hierarchy link" is the parent ob&ect )it is higher up in the hierarchy*. )*ample: 2n an 2rganogram )a diagram showing the employees of a company*" the C'2 is at the top. The C'29s immediate employees )the C'29s ,/" for e(ample* are placed beneath the C'2 and connected to the C'2 ob&ect !ia a -ierarchy .ink.

C.1H. C6'/T' / -7'6/6C-Y %7/:6/M '@'6C7S'

3rom your e(perience in pre!ious modules you will create a simple organi$ation hierarchy" add some ob&ects" and connect them together using -ierarchy .inks. /ow to ... Create a Cew Diagram:

3ollow the steps for creating a =usiness ,rocess diagram" but select the template %emplate: 0rganiJation ' +rocess to base the new diagram on. ;ame the new diagram #y Business.

7f you do not remember how to do this" you should return to the appropriate topic now

Create a diagram. When you are creating your new diagram" the ;ew %iagram dialog should be completed in the manner described in this graphic. )Click the graphic on the left to see a full si$e !ersion.*

C.1I. /%% 2=B'CTS T2 Y2#6 %7/:6/M

7n a pre!ious module" we created new ob&ects by dragging them onto the diagram from the ;ew 2b&ects palette. 7n this topic" we will drag e(isting ob&ects )ob&ects that ha!e already been created in this model and may appear on other diagrams* onto the diagram. The diagram you are creating shows the organi$ation Marketing and 4 beneath this organi$ation 4 the processes Monitor /d!ertising" 2rgani$e /d!ertising" and 2rgani$e '(hibitions. 7t is showing the organi$ation that is responsible for an acti!ity )a process*" and the hierarchy within the processes. What are you supposed to do? 0n the )*isting 0b>ects +alette: 1. 3rom the Ob,ect -ype or Category drop4down" select 0rganiJation. 0. Select the ob&ect #ar=eting and drag it with your mouse onto the diagram can!as. 1. 3rom the Ob,ect -ype or Category drop4down" select +rocess. 5. %rag the following processes onto the diagram C. #onitor &d.ertising" 0rganiJe &d.ertising" 0rganiJe )*hibitions. Hour diagram should now loo= li=e this. ?Clic= the graphic on the left to see a full siJe .ersion.@ The objects will be located wherever you released the mouse on the canvas.

%ips and &dditional information 7f you cannot see the '(isting 2b&ects palette" it may not be !isible or it may be obscured by other palettes )such as the ;ew 2b&ects palette*.

To open the '(isting 2b&ects palette" select Giew 1 )*isting 0b>ects. 7f the '(isting 2b&ects palette is open but you cannot see it" try dragging the other palettes )to the left of the program* to different locations.

C.0?. M2+' 2=B'CTS /62#;% 2; / %7/:6/M

2n a -ierarchy diagram the layout of the ob&ects is e(tremely important" this is because the position of the ob&ects on the diagram determines their position in the hierarchy. So in an organi$ation hierarchy you would position the C'2 abo!e the :eneral Manager" as the C'2 is more senior in the chain of command. What are you supposed to do? We are now going to mo!e the ob&ects on the diagram to signify their position in the hierarchy. 0n the diagram itself: 1. %rag the ob&ect #ar=eting so that it is in the middle of the diagram" beneath the diagram title. 0. %rag the 0rganiJe &d.ertising ob&ect and place it beneath the Marketing ob&ect" and to the left.

1. 5. %rag the 0rganiJe )*hibitions ob&ect and place it to the right of the 2rgani$e Marketing ob&ect. C. %rag the #onitor &d.ertising ob&ect and place it directly beneath the 2rgani$e /d!ertising ob&ect. Cote the Monitor /d!ertising ob&ect could be placed below the 2rgani$e /d!ertising ob&ect either because it is not as important a task for the Marketing team" or simply because it allows you to see that both of these tasks relate to a common area 4 ad!ertising. Your diagram should now look like this. )Click the graphic on the left to see a full si$e !ersion.*

C.01. C2;;'CT TW2 2=B'CTS T2 '/C- 2T-'6 #S7;: / -7'6/6C-Y .7;L

Connecting the ob&ects on your diagram )drawing lines between them* is !ery important to your -ierarchy diagrams. The lines )or -ierarchy .inks* show that one ob&ect takes precedence o!er another in the hierarchy. )The process of connecting ob&ects with -ierarchy .inks is the same as the process of connecting ob&ects on a =usiness ,rocess diagram.* /ow to ... Connect ob>ects on your diagram: 1. Select #ar=eting.

0. 1. ,ress 312. 5. Select 0rganiJe &d.ertising )the ob&ect you want to connect to*. C. / line is drawn connecting the two ob&ects.

D. ,ress 312. F. Select #onitor &d.ertising. H. ,ress 312. I. Select 0rganiJe )*hibitions. Your diagram should now look like this. )Click the graphic on the left to see a full si$e !ersion.* ;ote that all of the ob&ects were connected to the ob&ect marketing. This means the ob&ect Marketing is the parent of all the other ob&ects on the diagram. $f $ wanted to ma#e Monitor Advertising subordinate to Organize Advertising.to show that one has precedence over the other/ $ would lin# these directly.

%ips:

,ressing 310 is a shortcut. You can also select the parent ob&ect" drag the -ierarchy .ink from the palette" and drop it o!er the child ob&ect. 310 2;.Y works if the line in the ;ew 2b&ects palette is set as the default connection ob&ect. ,lease right4click the -ierarchy .ink in your ;ew 2b&ects palette and select )dit +roperties ... to see if this is the case.

C.00. '@,.2%' /; 2=B'CT 2; T-7S %7/:6/M

&n e*plosion allows us to connect one ob>ect on a diagram to another diagram. We often use 5 and ha.e pre.iously e*plored 5 both e*ploding ob>ects to show more detail and using a /ierarchy diagram as the ;front page; of a series of diagrams and e*ploding from the ob>ects on that diagram to all related diagrams as na.igational tool. In this e*ercise we will be creating an e*plosion from our newly created /ierarchy diagram< thereby ma=ing this diagram into a ;front page; for a model containing mar=eting information. If you do not fully understand what an e*plosion is< please read this topic before you begin: What is an )*plosion? ?illustration@

C.01. W-/T 7S /; '@,.2S72;8 )7..#ST6/T72;*

/n '(plosion is a link from an ob&ect on one diagram to another diagram. 7f you click on an e(ploded ob&ect )these can be identified easily" as they show a plus A symbol*" you can na!igate directly from the parent ob&ect to the child diagram. /n e(plosion created from a ,rocess normally opens a diagram that shows the process in more detail. 3or e(ample" the process Despatch !oods may e(plode to a diagram that is also called %espatch :oods" and that includes the sub4processes 9/ddress :oods9" 9Weigh :oods9" 9Send to ,ost 6oom9 and so on. The lower4le!el processes must be completed before the goods can be despatched )that is" the child diagram breaks the process %espatch :oods down into more detail" or sub4processes*. /n e(plosion created from an ob&ect on a -ierarchy diagram )for e(ample" the 2rgani$ation 9Warehouse9* can pro!ide a link to any related diagram )for e(ample" a diagram detailing any process that occurs at the Warehouse*. %he lin=ed diagrams are be used to show more detailed information about the e*ploded ob>ect.

-ow to... '(plode an ob&ect on the diagram 9My =usiness9 1. 2n a diagram" select the ob&ect that you want to e(plode. 0. 6ight4click and select )*plode Cew 1 Diagram. The New Diagram dialog opens. 1. 'nter a ;ame for the new diagram.

Note: +y default your new diagram will be given the name of the ob,ect it is an e%plosion of. -his is because the e%ploded ob,ect and the detail diagram often represent the same information* ,ust at a different level of detail. 5. Select that you wish to create a diagram that is based on a Template" and choose the template %emplate 42: )*plode an ob>ect from those a!ailable. C. Click 06. The diagram is created and opens.

C.05. T'C-;7J#'S ;#%:' 2=B'CTS 2; Y2#6 %7/:6/M

;udge mo!es selected ob&ects by small increments on the can!as" enabling you to place the ob&ects on your diagram e(actly where you want them. This feature helps you to make your output diagrams look really professional.

,.2(.1. W/&% D0)" CAD!) D0?

You can nudge the lines or shapes on your diagram according to the !rid "nap !alue )set on the diagram tab" under %ools 1 0ptions*" or by pi*el. 7n the first instance the shape will mo!e in the selected direction by the !alue this diagram has its :rid Snap set to" and in the second instance the shape will mo!e in the selected direction by e(actly one pi(el. The following images show a shape being nudged upwards by one :rid Snap !alue )in this case the :rid Snap !alue has been set to 1Dmm*.

,.2(.2. /0W %0... .!".!.#. Nudge to grid

%o mo.e a shape up by one grid snap: 1. Select a shape" or a group of shapes or lines on the can!as. 2. ,ress the A+ arrow on your keyboard. -he selected shape or shapes move up by one grid snap value.

,.2(.2.1.1. 6eyboard controls for Cudge to !rid

#p %own .eft 6ight ;udge shape by a :rid !alue #p ;udge shape by a :rid !alue %own ;udge shape by a :rid !alue .eft ;udge shape by a :rid !alue 6ight

.!".!.!. Nudge to pixel

%o mo.e a shape up by one pi*el: 1. Select a shape" a line" or a group of shapes or lines on the can!as. 0. ,ress the "hift 9 Ap keys. -he selected shape or shapes move up by one pi%el. 6eyboard controls for Cudge to pi*el

Shift A #p Shift A %own Shift A .eft Shift A 6ight

;udge shape by a pi(el #p ;udge shape by a pi(el %own ;udge shape by a pi(el .eft ;udge shape by a pi(el 6ight

C.0C. T'C-;7J#'S /.7:; 2=B'CTS 2; Y2#6 %7/:6/M

/lign mo!es selected ob&ects so that they are in line with another ob&ect on the can!as" enabling you to place the ob&ects on your diagram in a neat row in one easy mo!e. /ligning shapes on a Corporate Modeler diagram is done in reference to another ob&ect" meaning that you know e(actly where the ob&ects will be placed once they ha!e been aligned.

,.2,.1. W/&% D0)" &-I!C D0?

The following diagrams show how the layout of a diagram will change if ob&ects = and C are aligned with the top of shape /. Before &fter

Cote: 7n this case the /lign Top command required that ob&ect = had to mo!e upwards and ob&ect C downwards in order to be hori$ontally aligned to the top of ob&ect /.

,.2,.2. /0W %0... &-I!C 0BK)C%"

1. Select an ob&ect" or a group of ob&ects. 0. Select Draw 1 &lign L"hape )dgeM. Where MShape 'dgeN is top" middle" bottom" left" right or center. The cursor becomes a crosshair. 1. Select the shape you want the pre!iously selected shapes to align to. The initially selected ob&ects shift to be aligned with the MShape 'dgeN of the target shape.

.! .!.#. $hat happens i% & select a di%%erent shape edge to align to'
The e(ample abo!e shows what happens if ob&ects of the same shape and si$e are aligned using &lign %op. This table shows what alternati!e beha!ior is e(pected when aligning shapes. The black line shows the alignment of the shapes and is not apparent on the diagram itself. Came /lign .eft )*ample Description /ligns the selected shape)s* with the left hand edge of the source shape.

/lign Center

/ligns the selected shape)s* with the !ertical center of the source shape.

/lign 6ight

/ligns the selected shape)s* with the right hand edge of the source shape.

/lign Top

/ligns the selected shape)s* with the top edge of the source shape.

/lign Middle

/ligns the selected shape)s* with the hori$ontal center of the source shape. /lign the selected shape)s* with the bottom edge of the source shape.

/lign =ottom

C.0D. M2%#.' 5 /%+/;C'% %7/:6/MM7;:

;ow that you ha!e created a =usiness ,rocess diagram and a -ierarchy diagram" you ha!e most of the skills required for drawing diagrams of any kind. This short module pro!ides a glance at some of the more ad!anced features a!ailable in the Corporate Modeler Suite. 3or more information about any of these areas" please look at the Corporate Modeler -elp file. %he module consists of the following topics: 1. Categories in the Casewise 3ramewor= )*ample model 4 in this section you will learn about multi4le!el models in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model )the model you recei!e with Corporate Modeler* and how to use categories to group information according to the granularity of its content. 0. &ssociate ob>ects on a diagram 4 in this section you will learn how to create associations between the ob&ects on your diagram" and thereby how to enhance the meaning of your diagrams. 1. +ublish your model 4 in this section you will learn some of the key features of publishing your model. ;ote that publishing is a huge area and will not be co!ered to any le!el of detail here. 5. "ome basic diagramming techniBues 4 this section teaches you a few handy techniques for diagramming. These techniques are useful to learn for all users.

C.0F. C/T':267'S 7; T-' C/S'W7S' 36/M'W26L M2%'.

7n this section we consider the principle of 9$ooming in9 or '(ploding to e!er more detail on your diagrams )creating multi4le!el models*. We also look at how diagrams on one le!el can be grouped )and thereby identified* using different diagram Categories. In this section< you will loo= at:

What we mean by ;le.els of detail;

/ow le.els of detail can be represented by e*plosions in a multi5le.el model. Which diagram Categories you might use for Business +rocess diagrams and why. Which Categories ob>ects can ha.e< and when ' where you may use those ob>ects.

W-/T /6' 9.'+'.S 23 %'T/7.98

When you '(plode an ob&ect" you are creating a new diagram that represents the same information as the original ob&ect" but in more detail. 7t shows a different le.el of detail to the first. )ach diagram in the seBuence shows more detail but has a smaller scope. The easiest way to describe an e(plosion or the progression through le!els of detail is through a simile. /n atlas is an e(ample of a model that shows different le!els of detail )some maps ha!e a wide scope" and others lots of detail*. Click on a map below to see what le!el of detail it shows.

'(plodes to

)*plodes to

.ike these maps" e(ploded process diagrams show increasing le!els of detail and decreasing scope. The first le.el of detail shows a wide scope of information but has !ery little detail" the ne(t le.el of detail shows more detail about the selected" smaller" area.

C.0H. .'+'.S 23 %'T/7. 7; / M2%'.

7n the pre!ious topic" we saw how maps show either a wide scope )conte(tuali$ing their information* or show more detail. This topic shows how diagrams can work in much the same way. )ach diagram in the seBuence shows more detail but has a smaller scope. Click on a diagram below to see what le!el of detail it shows.

'(plodes to

)*plodes to

;ote that the links are not from one diagram to another" but from a process on a diagram to a diagram

C.0I. %7/:6/M C/T':267'S 7; / M#.T74.'+'. M2%'.

7n this section" we look at the role of diagram and ob&ect Categories in a multi4le!el model. / Category is a term used to subdi!ide )or categori$e* diagrams and business ob&ects. #sing Categories means that you can easily identify all diagrams" or all models with the same le!el of granularityG you can then publish all diagrams of one type for a particular audience.

%he Casewise 3ramewor= model supplies templates for diagrams with the following categories: / =usiness %ynamics or =%M diagram is the highest le!el diagram category. These diagrams show the scope of your process model" they present an end4to4end o!er!iew of the business. )*plodes to / System %ynamics or S%M diagram is the ne(t le!el of diagram. System %ynamics %iagram )S%M* 7t e(plodes a process on the parent =usiness %ynamics %iagram" and shows that process in much more detail and in terms of the real world process flow )@ department does this then Y department does that*.

=usiness %ynamics %iagram )=%M*

)*plodes to 3unction %ynamics %iagram )3%M* / 3unction %ynamics or )3%M* diagram is the lowest le!el of diagram" and as such shows the most detail. 7t e(plodes a process on the parent System %ynamics %iagram" and shows that process in much more detail describing the e(act processes required to complete an acti!ity in the S%M. This type of diagram is said to present information at 9task le!el9. This is because it describes each task a member of staff will ha!e to perform to complete the process. %hin= of this as a progression through the concepts:

M=%MN What does the business do8 MS%MN Who" Where and When are the required acts performed8 M3%MN -ow is each specific act actually performed8

W-7C- C/T':26Y 23 ,62C'SS S-2#.% /,,'/6 2; '/C%7/:6/M8

The category of a process )process ob&ects which can be dragged onto the diagram* does not necessarily specify what category of diagram that ob&ect is appropriate to" but does tell you what le!el of information that process represents. 3or e(ample a category may be set to specify that the ob&ect is only appropriate for use in !ery detailed process diagrams which show the step4by4step beha!iour for a user who is performing a task" or may tell us that it is !ery high4le!el information which may be of more interest to managers than to the staff performing the acti!ity. The picture below shows process categories in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model" and describes the category of diagram they are likely to appear on.

C.1?. S'T T-' C/T':26Y 326 / %7/:6/M 26 2=B'CT

/s you can see" setting the category for an ob&ect or diagram helps you to identify what le!el of information it represents. You can either set the category of an ob&ect or diagram by creating it from a template that already has the prescribed category" or by setting the category in the ob&ect properties dialog. /ow to... "et the category for an e*isting ob>ect 1. 2pen the properties dialog for the ob&ect or diagram. 0. 2n the :eneral pane" select a Category. 1. Click 06. The object now has the selected (ategory. %ips and &dditional information

More than one ob&ect type can appear in the ;ew 2b&ects palette" if they ha!e different Categories.

C.11. /SS2C7/T' 2=B'CTS 2; / %7/:6/M

7n addition to showing ob&ects" you may want to describe their relationships to one another in a !ery !isual way. You can do this by associating ob&ects on a diagram.

In this section< you will loo= at:

What an association actually is. /ow to associate ob>ects using swim lanes. /ow to associate ob>ects using an association drawn as a line. What an intersection ob&ect is.

C.10. /SS2C7/T' 2=B'CTS #S7;: SW7M ./;'S

This topic describes how you can make associations on diagrams by dragging ,rocesses into swim lane ob&ects such as 2rgani$ations and .ocations. / so4called swim lane ob&ect is an 2rgani$ation" or a .ocation. They are known as 9swim lanes9 because they are typically represented as elongated rectangles" which" when placed on a diagram" look like the lanes of a swimming pool. ,rocess ob&ects are then placed inside them showing that they share an association. 7n the diagram below" / is an 2rgani$ation" = is a .ocation" and C" %" and ' are ,rocesses

We can then read this as / is who or what performs C" while = is where % and ' are performed.

,. 2.1. #&6) %/) &""0CI&%I0C

When you drag a process into a swim lane" an association between those ob&ects is made automatically. ;ote that this does not work if you place the swim lane on top of the ,rocess. %ips and &dditional information

You can also use this process to show an association between a Technology and an /pplication )an application being stored and used on a computer*" but the 9association9 will not be created as data in the database.

C.11. /SS2C7/T' 2=B'CTS #S7;: /; /SS2C7/T72; %6/W; /S / .7;'

-o associate two ob,ects on a +usiness "rocess diagram and understand what the resulting layout means* you are as#ed to create a new association on the following diagram in the training model: Module ?5 4 %iagram ?1 4 /ssociate ob&ects using an association drawn as a line /ow to... &ssociate ob>ects using an association drawn as a line 1. Select the parent ob&ect in the association )in this case the 2rgani$ation 10 Department*. 0. 3rom the ;ew 2b&ects palette" drag the line named Organi2ation "rocesses to the ,rocess 1ire 3taff )that is" the target ob&ect" or the ob&ect you want to connect to*. /ssociations appear on the ob&ect type list in the "alette !ines "ropertiesdialog as the name of the ob&ects that can be connected using that ob&ect. 3or e(ample the ob&ect type list may say -ierarchy .ink" Connector" ,rocess 4 2rgani$ation. 7n this case the user can create a -ierarchy .ink" a Connector" or an /ssociation which connects ,rocess ob&ects to 2rgani$ation ob&ects.

C.15. W-/T 7S /; 7;T'6S'CT72; 2=B'CT8

/n intersection ob&ect is an ob&ect that records information about an association. 7t is an ob&ect that tells us W-Y one ob&ect is associated with another and that stores any information about that association. The following e(ample shows an intersection ob&ect that describes the association between =usiness :oals and ,rocesses. The intersection ob&ect is titled 4ulfillment. This association shows how =usiness :oals are fulfilled by ,rocesses and con!ersely" how ,rocesses fulfil =usiness :oals.

7f there were no intersection ob&ect" we would not be able to store any information about why the two ob&ects are associated. 7n the case abo!e" we would be able to say that there was some reason why a =usiness :oal is associated with a ,rocess" but we could not say why that association e(ists" or pro!ide the association with any properties of its own. 7n the e(ample abo!e" if the /ssociation Type were originally created with the Source 2b&ect =usiness :oal" the ;ame of the /ssociation Type would be &re fulfilled by" the 6e!erse ;ame would be 3ulfill" and the name of the intersection ob&ect would be 3ulfillment. /ll of these properties are stored against the intersection ob&ect. %ips and &dditional information

You can only access the intersection ob&ect by opening the ob&ect properties dialog" selecting &ssociations 1 0b>ect %ype and then clicking the 'dit .ink button.

C.1C. ,#=.7S- Y2#6 M2%'.

This section briefly describes how Corporate ,ublisher can be used to produce -TM. pages containing your diagrams" and the ob&ects and descriptions they contain.

In this section< you will loo= at:

What Corporate +ublisher is. What a publication set is. /ow to create /%#- output ?how to run a publication set@.

C.1D. W-/T 7S / ,#=.7C/T72; S'T8

/ publication set is a data file that determines the model information )the diagrams and ob&ects* that will be published and the appearance of that information when output )the color and si$e of fonts" the format of images*. To understand better" open a publication set from Model '(plorer and ha!e a look around. /ow to... Giew a publication set;s properties 1. With the training model e(panded 7n Model '(plorer9s left4hand )tree* pane" select +ublication "et 0. 7n the right4hand )list* pane" right4click Default" and select )dit A%ter a %ew seconds) the +ublication "et )ditor opens. Things to notice while you are e(ploring your publication set

There are three tabs )along the bottom of the dialog*" that allow you to set information about the :eneral properties" .ayout ,roperties and .anguage properties used in your output content. The :eneral pane allows you to set the properties of most of the things you may want to change 4 such as the picture format your diagrams will be published as" and which diagram types to include.

C.1F. ,#=.7S- T-' T6/7;7;: M2%'. /S -TM.

This topic guides you through publishing the diagrams you ha!e created in your model in -TM. format. /ow to... Fun the Default publication set 1. 7n Model '(plorer9s left4hand )tree* pane" select +ublication "ets. 0. 7n the right4hand )list* pane" right4click Default" and select Fun.... 1. Corporate "ublisher opens. 5. Click Ce*t. C. Click Ce*t. D. Select any diagrams you want to publish. F. Click Ce*t until the ;e(t button is disabled" then click Create. H. The selected diagrams are published and opened in 7nternet '(plorer. Things to notice while you are exploring your published diagrams:

7t takes a while to build. This is because it is e(tremely large and contains a lot of settings. The diagrams are published as images in standard web formats.

/ny properties your ob&ects or diagrams ha!e are published.

S2M' =/S7C %7/:6/MM7;: T'C-;7J#'S

7n this section" we will look at some techniques that impro!e your ability to draw and edit diagrams. This section describes how you can clean up the lines drawn on your diagram" and resi$e ob&ects on your diagram to match others. This is a !ery brief section that runs you through some !ery basic actions K acti!ities that will help you to optimi$e how you use the software.

C.1H. T'C-;7J#'S C.'/;7;: #, T-' .7;'S 2; / %7/:6/M

-his techni5ue is only applicable to connectors* )ssociations and 0elationships .which we have not loo#ed at/. -he option is not available for 1ierarchy !in#s. -his means that you will only be able to try this function out on your +usiness "rocess diagrams at this point. 1. Select a line on an open diagram. 0. 'ither press the 311 key" or right4click and select Draw 1 Fedraw -ine. The line is redrawn. '(ample

when redrawn *i% the user has line behavior set to straight+) becomes:

&% you have lots o% lines that need to be redrawn) you can select one or more objects) press ,##) and redraw all o% the lines connected to or %rom the selected objects. %ips and &dditional information

&% you do not li-e how your lines are redrawn) you can press Ctrl 6 7 and return your diagram to its original state. The shortcut %or .edraw /ines is ,##.

C.1I. T'C-;7J#'S 6'S7O' 2=B'CTS 2; Y2#6 %7/:6/M

6esi$e allows you to standardi$e the si$e of ob&ects on your diagram" thereby ensuring that your ob&ects are all equal and appear tidy in the finished output. This function changes the si$e )or proportions* of ob&ects on your diagram to be equal to that of another e(isting ob&ect.

,. :.1. W/&% D0)" F)"II) D0?

There are three 6esi$e options "ame "iJe" "ame Width" and "ame /eight. The following table shows the e(pected beha!ior for each )ob&ect 0 is resi$ed to match ob&ect 1 in each e(ample*. Came Same Si$e Same Width )*ample ?Before 11 &fter@ Description

Matches the si$e of the selected shape)s* to th the source shape.

Matches the width of the selected shape)s* to t the source shape" retains the selected shape9s height.

Same -eight

Matches the height of the selected shape)s* to of the source shape" retains the selected shape original width.

,. :.2. /0W %0... F)"II) 0BK)C%"

1. Select an ob&ect" or a group of ob&ects" on the can!as. 0. Select Draw 1 FesiJe 1 "ame LDimensionM. Where LDimensionM is replaced by: siJe< height or width. %he cursor becomes a crosshair. 1. Select the shape that is to pro!ide the source dimensions. %he LDimensionM of the initially selected ob>ects resiJe to match the LDimensionM of the source ob>ect.

,. :. . ")) &C )E&#+-) 03 "/&+)" B)IC! F)"II)D

The following diagrams show how the layout of a diagram will change if ob&ects = and C are resi$ed to be the "ame "iJe as shape /. Before &fter

Cote: The center point of automatically re4si$ed ob&ects remains constant. This means that gaps K lines may increase or decrease in si$e" and ob&ects may o!erlap.

C.5?. M2%#.' C S7M#./T72;

This module is concerned with simulation. Simulations are diagrams that represent processes dynamically. The module consists of the following sections 1. +reparing for "imulation 4 this section describes the concepts behind simulation and how to prepare the ob&ects on your diagram 0. Funning a "imulation 4 this section describes how to launch a simulation" and the parameters you can specify

C.51. ,6',/67;: 326 S7M#./T72;

Simulations are diagrams that represent processes dynamically" at the layer where business metrics are a!ailable and well understood. This section e(plains 1. some background information about simulation 0. how to configure your diagram ob&ects to ensure a meaningful simulation 1. the !arious simulation parameters 4 for e(ample %ime +eriod" Calendar and Brea= +oint

C.50. =/CL:62#;% 7;326M/T72; /=2#T S7M#./T72;

You can only simulate diagrams which are based on dynamics diagramming rules Why simulate8

to identify and eliminate bottlenecks to identify and eliminate unacceptable delays to identify ways to process in parallel where possible to identify" assess and replace inefficient acti!ities it is too e(pensi!e to implement the wrong solution it is unacceptable to implement a change and try again

to analy$e the impact if you change who or what performs a process to communicate process knowledge

#nder what circumstances do simulations work best8

the process diagram is a good representation the metrics are entered and are reasonably accurate you ha!e a rough idea about the things that you want to achie!e

What will simulation help me to understand8 0ow to increase:

Ser!ice .e!el Throughput

0ow to decrease:

Total ,rocess Cycle Time Waiting Time 7n!entory Cost /cti!ity Cost

To see an e(ample of a diagram which can be simulated" open the diagram Deli.er 0rder )the one with the Category 4unction Dynamics Model * in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model 1. from the left4hand tree !iew in Model '(plorer" e(pand the Casewise 3ramewor= )*ample model 0. click Diagram. The diagrams in the model are listed in the right4hand list pane 1. double4click on the diagram Deli.er 0rder to open it. ;ote there are two diagrams ha!ing this name so make sure that you select the one with the Category 4unction Dynamics Model

C.51. W-7C- 2=B'CT TY,'S /6' 7;+2.+'% 7; S7M#./T72;8

Some 4 and often all 4 of the following ob&ect types are found on a simulatable diagram

'!ent ,rocess Connector Set 7teration :roup 2rgani$ation

7n addition" a ,rocess =reak can be added to your diagram. 7t does not appear as an ob&ect in the Corporate Modeler repository and there is no corresponding ob&ect type. / ,rocess =reak is therefore similar in nature to 3ree Te(t" in that they are both diagram shapes which do not e(ist as separate ob&ects.

The following ob&ect types do not appear on a simulatable diagram but might require configuration in order to run the simulation

Time ,eriod Calendar ,robability 3unction

C.55. S7M#./T72; 2=B'CT TY,'S '+';T

/n '!ent )for e(ample the arri!al of a customer order* triggers a =usiness ,rocess. There are two '!ent properties which affect simulation

the 3reBuency controls the rate at which &obs are passed to the process being simulated the !rowth can be used to specify the rate at which the 3requency changes

C.5C. S7M#./T72; 2=B'CT TY,'S ,62C'SS

/ +rocess is an acti!ity which is useful to the business. Three groups of ,rocess properties )each group corresponds to a pane on an ob&ect9s properties dialog* are used during simulation

%hroughput 4 determines the simulation beha!ior of the ,rocess Cost 4 determines the o!erall cost of the ,rocess 3reBuency'!rowth 4 determines the rate )and its rate of growth* at which the ,rocess occurs" and whether the ,rocess is being repeated

What are the meanings of the Throughput properties8 "er.ice %ime P specifies how long it takes to work on the batch.

the 1ervice Time controls how long resources are used to %ul%ill the 2rocess it de%ines the time the 2rocess ta-es to per%orm one operation *this could be a job or batch+

Min8Ma% +atch 3 speci%ies how many jobs must be in the 2rocess 4ueue *or in3tray+ be%ore the 2rocess becomes a candidate %or being per%ormed "er.ers'Batch P who )that is" how many resources* must be a!ailable to perform the acti!ity Concurrency P how many &obs can be done simultaneously The Cost comprises two !alues

Direct Cost 4 can be directly related to a product or ser!ice Indirect Cost 4 is shared and therefore cannot be directly related to a single product or ser!iceG or it refers to acts being performed which are not directly related to the main money making area of the business

The 3reBuency'!rowth comprises three !alues

3reBuency 4 how often the ,rocess occurs within a defined time period !rowth 4 rate of change of the 3requency

Fepeats 4 how many times the ,rocess is repeated )a !alue of 1 means that the ,rocess occurs only once*. ;ote that setting a 6epeat !alue of greater than 1 is an alternati!e to putting the ,rocess in an Iteration !roup

C.5D. S7M#./T72; 2=B'CT TY,'S C2;;'CT26 S'T

/ Connector "et 4 as its name implies 4 represents a set of two or more Connectors. Single Connectors show the flow of control and the sequence of processing. Connectors are shown as lines linking two ob&ects on diagrams. Single Connectors can be

#andatory 4 a &ob must pass along the Connector 0ptional 4 a &ob might pass along the Connector

The Delay property on a Connector determines how long it takes for control of a &ob to pass from one end of a Connector to the other. 7n other words" the Delay simulates the period of time for a &ob hand off between processes )for e(ample the time taken to dri!e a fork lift truck from the deli!ery area of a factory to the machine which assembles the parts*. There are three types of Connector Set

'(clusi!e 2r )E0F* Input &CD 2utput /;%

5O.

with an @26" the sum of the ,ercent Splits on the Connectors leaving the Set must equal 1??Q 7n the image below

bo( 1 is the process Chec# Credit bo( 0 is the process "rocess Order bo( 1 is the process 0e,ect Order

9ou might estimate that 10: of your customers fail the credit chec#* and are therefore handled by bo% ; .6e&ect 2rder/:

Input &CD

7nput /;% Sets are formed by Connectors &oined at the destination process. /.. source process &obs must arri!e before the destination process can start. 7n the picture below" the &ob from process 5 and the &ob from process C must both be ready before process D can start

There are two types of 7nput /;% Set

Independent 7nput /;% Set. 3or a &ob to be passed to the output )process D in the picture*" input must ha!e been recei!ed from both of the input processes )5 and C* Fecombinant 7nput /;% Set. 3or a &ob to be passed to the output )process D*" input must ha!e been recei!ed from both of the input processes )5 and C* which originated %rom the same job 4 that is" from a &ob which was split earlier in the simulation.

2utput /;% The Connectors are &oined at the source process. Bobs lea!ing the source process M#ST tra!el along all Connectors in the set. 3or e(ample" after a product has been wrapped )process F <rap "roduct*" the address labels must be printed )process H "rint !abels* /;% the package must be weighed )process I <eigh "ac#age*

C.5F. S7M#./T72; 2=B'CT TY,'S 7T'6/T72; :62#,

/n 7teration :roup contains a set of processes that occur se!eral times. 7t represents repetiti!e work that is performed on a &ob.

The properties of an 7teration :roup ob&ect include Iterations" which is the number of times that each process in the 7teration :roup is e(ecuted. '(ample The diagram Deli.er 0rder )the one with the Category 4unction Dynamics Model* in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model contains an 7teration :roup.

C.5H. S7M#./T72; 2=B'CT TY,'S 26:/;7O/T72;

/n 2rgani$ation is an ob&ect that represents all or part of an administrati!e or functional structure )like a business or a political party*. 7n the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model" open the diagram Identify ' Build +roduct. You will see that the sub4processes which combine to create the whole process )identifying and building the product* are distributed among fi!e 2rgani$ations

.egal Marketing %esign Manufacturing Senior Management

7n this particular diagram" the 2rgani$ations represent departments within the company. ;ow open the properties of the #anufacturing department and look at the =eneral pane What do these properties mean8 6irect (ost

a cost that is accumulated when the resource is acti!ely performing work that 7S directly attributable to the &ob performed by that resource

&ndirect (ost

a cost that is accumulated when the resource is acti!ely performing work that 7S ;2T directly attributable to the &ob performed by that resource

.esources

are the number of resources )people" computers" and so on* form the basis of a resource pool which the process can select one or more of

+rocess 5 0rganiJation lin= <hat does the lin# mean* and how is it created>

a process can be linked to multiple 2rgani$ations to simulate cross4functional work teams. an 2rgani$ation may ha!e multiple processes linked to it to simulate the mi(ed &obs that resources perform. if processes are to be constrained by the number of resources a!ailable from an 2rgani$ation" then the 2rgani$ation should be added to the diagram" and each process must be linked to the

2rgani$ation. 3or e(ample" open the diagram Collect +ayments in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model" where you will see the 2rgani$ation 4inance

a link is automatically created between the process and the 2rgani$ation )swim lane* when the process shape is mo!ed on top of the 2rgani$ation. to manually create the link between a process and an 2rgani$ation" then you need to create an association

1ow are the Organi2ation&s resources used by the process.es/>

if the process is linked to an 2rgani$ation" the Fesource'Batch property on the process is used to show constraints on resources if they are not linked" it is assumed that the resource is always a!ailable if it is linked" the process cannot start unless the 2rgani$ation has enough a!ailable resources if you do not link the process to an 2rgani$ation" Fesource'Batch is for reporting only

C.5I. S7M#./T72; ,62C'SS =6'/L

/ ,rocess =reak is an interruption or delay. 7t is represented by a shape on a diagram" but it is not an ob&ect in the repository and its properties cannot therefore be displayed from Model '(plorer. / ,rocess =reak

is restarted by an e(ternal or internal '!ent denotes that processing may be held up by unpredictable e!ents

When specifying your simulation metrics" you need to estimate the !alue of the Delay on the ,rocess =reak properties dialog. To see how a ,rocess =reak can be implemented" open the diagram Collect +ayments in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model. There you will see a ,rocess =reak called &wait +ayment" which has a Delay of ? wee#s specified.

C.C?. S7M#./T72; T7M' ,'672%

The Time ,eriod is the duration in minutes of a familiar inter!al of time )%ay" Week" Month" and so on*. You can access Time ,eriod ob&ects from Model '(plorerG or" from the Simulator Console" select the menu option "imulator 1 %ime +eriods. Click here to !iew a list of the preset Time ,eriod ob&ects included in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model Creating a new %ime +eriod You can create your own Time ,eriod ob&ects to suit the requirements of your simulation. 3irstly" open the Simulator Console from the diagram Collect +ayments in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model by clicking the simulator icon )three green arrow4heads* in the toolbar

3or e(ample" to create a new Time ,eriod called 4ortnight" access the Time ,eriods dialog 4 as described abo!e 4 select Cew" and then enter the details for the new ob&ect. You need to specify the

Came )R3ortnightR* &bbre.iation )R3R* %ime In #inutes )0?1D?*

Asing the %ime +eriod You need to select a Time ,eriod from the drop4down list for the Anits property when creating new =reak ,oint or Calendar ob&ects )and possibly also when modifying an e(isting one" depending on what change you are implementing*.

C.C1. S7M#./T72; C/.';%/6

/ Calendar is a sequence of sample points which indicate that some acti!ity turns on and off during the Time ,eriod specified )for e(ample Working %ay" Month*. You can access Calendar ob&ects from Model '(plorerG or" from the Simulator Console" select the menu option "imulator 1 Calendars.

)*ample 7n the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model" look at the diagram Collect +ayments )you might need to open it first if you closed it after the pre!ious topic*. 2pen the Calendars dialog as described abo!e )you need to start the Simulator Console*. The dialog shows a list of e(isting Calendars. 2nly one has been set up already Cormal Wor=ing Wee=. Select it and click )dit. Calendar properties 2n the Cormal Wor=ing Wee= Calendar dialog" the properties and their meanings are as follows

the Cycle determines the period of time after which the Calendar !alues will be reused. 2nce the cycle has completed" a new cycle starts" ha!ing e(actly the same Sample ,oint profile the "tart %ime denotes when the Calendar cycle will begin. The format will depend on the chosen time cycle. 7f you choose to cycle e!ery year" you can specify the day" month" hour" minute and second. -owe!er" if you choose to cycle e!ery minute then you can only specify the Start Time in seconds the "ample +oint section of the dialog is to define the pattern of acti!ity The !alues in the first column 4 the Duration 4 must add up to the length of the cycle. The number you specify for each %uration sample point is in the unit selected in the Anit drop4down bo(. 3or e(ample" if Cycle is <ee#s" the column must add up to 1DH hours if the Sample ,oint #nit is -ours. ;ote as you start entering your Sample ,oint rows" the dialog will always indicate the remaining part of the cycleG in this e(ample" the number of hours remaining will be shown The second column is N +ea= Galue. You enter a non4$ero !alue when the simulator is to perform calculations" and $ero when it should stop calculating for the length of time specified in the %uration column. / !alue between ? and 1?? means that the metrics on the !arious diagram ob&ects are ad&usted at run time accordingly. 3or e(ample" if one of your processes incurs a Direct Cost of @100 per hour" then a N +ea= Galue of A0: would reduce the Direct Cost to @A0 per hour

You could create your own !ersion of the ;ormal Working Week in a hypothetical factory

assuming the chosen Calendar cycle at your factory is weeks" then you can choose how acti!e your processes are during a typical week by specifying percentage acti!ity le!els for sample points e(pressed in hours if your week starts on Monday" then you might choose an acti!ity le!el of ?Q for the first H hours )representing the period of time between midnight on Sunday to ?H?? hours on Monday*. Then" your factory might achie!e an acti!ity le!el of 1??Q for the ne(t H hours )?H?? hours on Monday to 1D?? hours on Monday*" before returning to ?Q for the ne(t 1D hours )1D?? hours on Monday to ?H?? hours on Tuesday* if you ha!e a night shift at your factory" then you would need to enter sample points to co!er the period between 1D?? hours and ?H?? hours the ne(t morning

C.C0. S7M#./T72; =6'/L ,27;T

/ simulation will run indefinitely if there are no =reak ,oints set" until manually stopped. What are the different types of =reak ,oint8 You access the =reak ,oint dialog from the Simulator ConsoleG select the menu option "imulator 1 Brea= +oints. Why use Brea= +oints?

=reak ,oints are used to compare simulations. They are set so that direct comparisons can be made against different simulations that run to the same point multiple =reak ,oints allow multiple sets of simulation results to be reported

S7M#./T72; ,62=/=7.7TY 3#;CT72;

/ ,robability 3unction )also known as a %istribution* can be associated with a simulator !alue )that is" an ob&ect metric* to !ary it according to a specific mathematical cur!e which describes the probability of data occurring with predictable !ariations. When you apply probability functions to your data we say you are simulating Susing !ariationT. %here are four probability functions supplied with the %raining #odel

3-&%

/ 3lat probability function uses non4!aried sets of data points. 7n other words" the !alue used during simulation is precisely the !alue you entered for the ob&ect metric. 3or e(ample if you set a ,rocess "er.ice %ime to ;0 Minutes and select the 4lat probability function" then the ,rocess always takes 1? minutes" no matter how many times it occurs.

C0F#&-

/ Cormal probability function corresponds to the familiar bell4shaped cur!e which you might ha!e seen in books about statistics. The cur!e looks like this

7f a Cormal probability function is applied" then the !alues used during simulation !ary according to the abo!e cur!e. ,or example: 7f you specify a "er.ice %ime of ;0 68 A Minutes with a Normal probability function" then the Ser!ice Time will be mostly between 0C and 1C minutes" but will sometimes fall outside of this range. 2n the abo!e cur!e" the full range of Ser!ice Time !alues is represented on the hori$ontal a(is" and the number of occurrences for each Ser!ice Time !alue is represented on the !ertical a(is. The highest point on the cur!e corresponds to a Ser!ice Time of 1? minutes.

+0I""0C

/ +oisson probability function corresponds to a skewed )or asymmetrical* bell4shaped cur!e

%FI&C!-)

/ %riangle probability function corresponds to a triangular4shaped cur!e

C.C1. 6#;;7;: / S7M#./T72; 4 2+'6+7'W

;ow that you are familiar with the essential background information about simulation" it is time to put some of the theory into practice. You will be taken through the steps required to create a basic simulatable diagram. The diagram will be as simple as possible at this stage" so that you can understand how the simulator works without getting in!ol!ed in unnecessary comple(ity.

C.C5. C6'/T7;: / %7/:6/M

You will now create a new simulatable diagram in the Training Model. Then you will add ob&ects to the diagram.

Create your new diagram 3ollow these steps to create your new diagram" which will be based on a template 1. from the left4hand tree !iew in Model '(plorer" e(pand the %raining #odel 0. click Diagram. The diagrams in the model are listed in the right4hand list pane 1. in the right4hand list pane" right4click and select Cew 1 Diagram 5. on the Cew Diagram dialog C. i. ii. in the Came field enter RMy 3irst SimulationR select the Base the diagram on a template option and in the drop4down bo(" choose the template %emplate: "ystem Dynamics #odel click 2L. 7f Corporate Modeler )the diagrammer* is not already running" it will now openG if it is already running" and you ha!e another diagram open" then your new diagram will now become the acti!e one

iii.

&dd ob>ects to your diagram Your diagram should now be open. Now add the objects to your diagram: 1. drag and drop an Internal ).ent ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette onto the diagram can!as 0. gi!e the 7nternal '!ent ob&ect the name 0eceive "arts 1. drag and drop a 3actory +rocess ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette onto the diagram can!as. ;ote 3actory ,rocess is one of the a!ailable categories set up for ,rocess ob&ects in this model 5. gi!e the 3actory ,rocess ob&ect the name )ssemble "arts C. drag and drop an Internal Fesult ob&ect from the ;ew 2b&ects palette onto the diagram can!as D. gi!e the 7nternal 6esult ob&ect the name =oods 0eady Now add two connectors to your diagram:

1. select the ob&ect 0eceive "arts 0. drag the #andatory connector from the ;ew 2b&ects palette and drop it on the ob&ect )ssemble "arts. / connector should appear" linking 0eceive "arts and )ssemble "arts 1. select the ob&ect )ssemble "arts 5. drag the #andatory connector from the ;ew 2b&ects palette and drop it on the ob&ect =oods 0eady. / connector should appear" linking )ssemble "arts and =oods 0eady

C.CC. C2;37:#67;: 2=B'CT M'T67CS

7f you ha!e followed the steps in the pre!ious topic" you should now ha!e a diagram called #y 3irst "imulation which contains the following items on the can!as

an Internal ).ent named 0eceive "arts a 3actory +rocess named )ssemble "arts an Internal Fesult named =oods 0eady two connectors

=efore you start entering your ob&ect metrics" ensure that the three ob&ects are displayed in a hori$ontal line" so that 0eceive "arts is on the left" )ssemble "arts is in the middle and =oods 0eady on the right. 0b>ect metrics 7n general" before you run a simulation you must decide whether or not your ob&ect metrics are sufficiently accurate. =ut" your new diagram 4 #y 3irst "imulation 4 only contains new ob&ects which ha!e not yet been configured. Therefore" you need to enter some !alues which the simulator will use in its calculations Configure the 7nternal '!ent .eceive 2arts Configure the 3actory ,rocess Assemble 2arts 1. i. ii. iii. 5. i. ii. iii. in the 6irect (ost field* enter the value 1? select -ours from the Time 2eriod .unlabeled/ drop down list select 3lat from the 2robability ,unction .unlabeled/ drop down list in the 1ervice Time field* enter the value 1? select Minutes from the Time 2eriod .unlabeled/ drop down list select 3lat from the 2robability ,unction .unlabeled/ drop down list

No configuration of the &nternal .esult :oods 6eady is re5uired. (on%igure the connectors

C.CD. 6#;;7;: T-' S7M#./T72;

;ow you are ready to run the simulation. 2pen the Simulation Console by clicking the corresponding icon on the toolbar

The Simulation Console opens" where you will see your diagram. 2ne more thing needs to be done" howe!er. /s described in the topic Simulation =reak ,oint" you should set a =reak ,oint so that the simulation comes to an end. Setting a =reak ,oint Funning the simulation Starting the simulation 1. click the "tart icon on the toolbar" or select "imulator 1 "tart. The Cew "imulation Fun properties dialog opens. Note: i% you had previously run one or more simulations %or this diagram) then the 3imulation 0un selector dialog would display instead. &n this case you would choose which set o% saved parameters to deploy) then use either the 3elect option to run the simulation) or the 'dit option to modi%y those parameters 0. select the )nimation Control pane 1. from the &nimation -e.el drop4down list" select )nimated 5. set the &nimation "peed to 1000. Click here for more information about this metric C. set the Seed to 1 D. set the Calendar to Bndefined F. click 2L. The "imulation Fun selector dialog displays" where you will see the set of run parameters that you ha!e &ust specified" labelled My 4irst 3imulation by default. H. click the "elect option. The simulation starts Things to notice while the simulation is running

the connector symbols you selected 5 the for= lift truc= and the large truc= 5 mo.e along the connectors as the >obs progress from the initiating ).ent ob>ect ?.eceive 2arts@ to the end Fesult ?7oods .eady@ the number in the bo* on the ).ent ob>ect shows how many >obs ha.e been initiated there are two numbers in bo*es on the +rocess ob>ect. %he upper bo* shows how many >obs are currently being handled by the +rocess. %he lower bo* shows how many >obs are waiting for +rocess resources to become a.ailableO if this number is e.er non5Jero< then you can conclude that your +rocess does not ha.e enough resources to cope with the number of >obs it is reBuired to handle the number in the bo* on the Fesult ob>ect shows how many >obs ha.e completed the numbers in the bo*es on the connectors show how many >obs are passing along them the progress bars on the ).ent and Fesult ob>ects show the numbers of >obs initiated and completed respecti.ely there is a cloc= at the bottom left hand corner of the "imulator Console< which is continually updating. "ince the /nimation Speed was set to #888< then the simulation is running at appro*imately 1444 times real time speed

When 24 hours ha.e elapsed on the simulator cloc=< the Simulation ,aused dialog displaysO this is because you set a Brea= +oint at 24 hours. Hou should notice that:

the number in the bo( on the '!ent ob&ect is 0? the number in the bo( on the 6esult ob&ect is 1I

%he ne*t topic e*plains how to interpret the results of your simulation. Clic= Ce*t11 below to continue.
U=ack V

C.CF. 6'S#.TS
Your simulation should ha!e stopped at the =reak ,oint you set for your diagram #y 3irst "imulation. You should now see the dialog "imulation +aused. Fesults 3irstly< you should notice from the number on the Fesult ob>ect that 1: >obs completed. %his means that one >ob did not complete and therefore you do not ha.e sufficient throughput. Creating a report 1. on the "imulation +aused dialog" click Feport 0. on the "imulation Feport dialog" select Minutes for the 6eport units 1. enter a suitable Description 5. click 2L. You will be prompted for the name of an '(cel file to sa!e your report to. 7f you do not ha!e '(cel installed" then you cannot sa!e the report 7nterpreting the results At the top o% the resulting spreadsheet) you will see summary in%ormation about the simulation run. 9ou will see that the "top date is !8 hours a%ter the "tart date. 9ou will also see that the )lapsed wor=ing time and )lapsed total time are both set to #!88 minutes. The objects on your diagram are listed in the %irst column) grouped by object type. Only :;:NT1) 2.O(:11:1) O<T2<T (ONN:(TO.1 and .:1</T1 have objects listed *strictly spea-ing) connectors are not objects because they do not appear in the repository) and =connector= is not an object type+. 0ave a loo- at the various parameters in the report> most o% them should be %airly sel%3explanatory. (lic- here %or %ull explanations o% the report parameters. ;ote the numbers on the report are rounded to two decimal places. So" where you see an '!ent /rri!al rate )or 3requency* of ?.?0 per minute" this is really ?.?1DDD... rounded up 4 which is equi!alent to 1 per hour. 7mpro!ing the simulation &n order to ensure that all !8 jobs are completed) one or more object metrics need to be adjusted. 9ou might decide that) in your %actory) you can trans%er the parts %rom their arrival point to where they are assembled in #8 minutes rather than # : #. close the 1imulator (onsole 3 clic- 4ile C '%it

0. on your diagram" double4click on the connector between the '!ent ) 0eceive "arts* and the ,rocess ))ssemble "arts* 1. change the Delay from 1A to 10 5. click 2L to sa!e your changes and e(it the dialog C. start the Simulator Console by clicking the icon on the diagram toolbar D. check that the =reak ,oint at 0? hours is still set by selecting "imulator 1 Brea= +oints F. select "tart on the toolbar to run the simulation again You should disco!er that when the =reak ,oint at 0? hours is reached" all 0? &obs ha!e finished. You can therefore conclude that" as long as the parts are transferred from their arri!al point to where they are assembled in 1? minutes" you can complete all your &obs. The change you made to the Delay abo!e is an e(ample of how you use simulation to in!estigate Pwhat ifP scenarios. 7n more comple( diagrams" there could potentially be many ways of increasing throughput or reducing costs. Close the Simulator Console )click 3ile 1 )*it@ and close the diagrammer )Corporate Modeler*. Click ;e(tWW below to in!estigate a more complicated diagram.

C.CH. / C2M,.'@ %7/:6/M

7n Model '(plorer" open the diagram Collect +ayments in the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model. The diagram models the process whereby a company collects payments from customers for goods which they ha!e ordered. &bout this diagram Things to notice

you will see a +rocess Brea= called )wait "ayment on the diagram" which represents a delay while the company waits for the customer to pay for the goods which they ha!e already recei!ed )represented by the ).ent Order 4ulfilled*. 2pen the properties of )wait "ayment )double4click on the shape*. The Delay is set to ? wee#sG therefore the customer has 5 weeks in which to pay if the customer pays within 5 weeks" then the ).ent "ayment 0eceived is triggered. The payment can then be processed if the customer fails to pay within 5 weeks" then the ).ent "ayment "eriod 'lapsed is triggered if only partial payment is recei!ed" or if the customer does not meet the 5 week payment deadline" then the &ob is handled by the +rocess Determine 4ollow Bp )ction there are two E0F )eEclusi!e 0F* connector sets

2ne @26 decides how the &ob is handled depending on whether or not full payment has been recei!ed. The decision is e(clusi!e because either full payment is recei!ed or it is not 4 both paths cannot be followed by the same &obG The other @26 decides where to send the &ob" depending on which one of three possible follow up actions is appropriate. The &ob can only follow one of the three connectors out of the @26 set. 'ach of the three connectors must ha!e a +ercent "plit specifiedG if you open the properties of each connector in turn" you will notice that the !alues are

?@ 3 leading to the 0esult Debt Written 0ff DFQ 4 leading to the +rocess $ssue 0eminder 1?Q 4 leading to the +rocess )gree New "ayment Method 8 Date Close the diagram and e(it Corporate Modeler. Basic PWhat IfP scenarios Copy the diagram Collect +ayments to your Training Model" as follows 1. in Model '(plorer" e(pand the Casewise 3ramework '(ample model in the left4hand tree !iew )if it is not already e(panded* 0. select Diagrams in the left4hand tree !iew 1. select the diagram Collect +ayments in the right4hand list !iew 5. using your mouse" drag the diagram and drop it on the Training Model node in the left4hand tree !iew. The diagram copy operation takes a few seconds" during which the dialog Fe.iew Import Changes will be displayed twice. Click 2L on the dialog each time you see it. You now ha!e a copy of Collect +ayments in your Training Model and can therefore run a simulation to get an idea of how &obs flow around the connectors

open the diagram open the Simulator Console )click the simulator icon on the diagram toolbar* select "imulator 1 "tart" and on the "imulation Fun +roperties dialog" go to the )nimation Control pane and set the &nimation "peed to A0000. click 2L to start the simulation

While the simulation runs" you will notice that a large queue of &obs builds up at the +rocess Brea= )wait "ayment. You should see that the first &ob lea!es the ,rocess =reak when its queue has reached D10 &obs. Why8 %hings to try:

one way of increasing the number of payments is to speed up the processing of orders. You might be able to increase the number of orders fulfilled by 0 per working dayG you would therefore set the 3reBuency on the ).ent Order 4ulfilled to 10 per <or#ing Day none of the ,rocesses has any associated costs. You could start assigning Direct Cost and Indirect Cost !alues to some of the ,rocesses )open the properties and select the Costs pane* you might decide that you want to deal more quickly with customers who do not pay on time. You could therefore employ more staff to handle such customers. To represent this scenario" open the properties of the +rocess Determine 4ollow Bp )ction" go to the -hroughput pane" and change the ConcurrencyG a !alue of ( corresponds to the ,rocess being performed twice simultaneously you might decide that a figure of ;: for the number of payments written off is too high. You would therefore need to reduce the !alue of +ercent "plit on the connector leading from the E0F set to the Fesult Debt <ritten Off. You would also need to increase the ,ercent Split on one or both of the other connectors accordingly

you might decide that a delay of 1 working day between the ,rocesses )gree New "ayment Method 8 Date and Determine "ayment Due Date is too long. You would therefore ad&ust the Delay on the connector9s properties

/fter you change some ob&ect metrics" you should run the Galidate option on the toolbar of the simulator console. /ny errors will be listed in the )rrors Q Warnings section at the bottom of the console.

C.CI. M2%#.' D M/T67@

This module is concerned with the matri( diagrammer. / matri( in Corporate Modeler is a diagram which shows associations between the instances of two ob&ect types. The module consists of the following sections 1. Matri( concepts This section outlines the key concepts about matrices !. (reating a new matrix This section describes how to create a new matri(. 7n the e(ample used" the rows are ,rocess ob&ects and the columns 2rgani$ations . +opulating your matri* This section describes how to use the 3lood command to add data to the matri( you created in the pre!ious section 5. 7n!estigating and configuring your matri( This section e(plains how to use the #atri* 0ptions dialog to configure

row and column heading orientation the appearance of the intersection cells

C. ,opulating your matri( with selected ob&ects This section describes the se!eral alternati!e ways of adding rows and columns to your matri( D. / C6#% matri( This section e(tends the ideas co!ered in the pre!ious sections to e(plain how to create and populate a ,rocess 4 'ntity C6#% matri(

C.D?. M/T67@ C2;C',TS

/ matri( is a diagram which shows the associations between the instances of two ob&ect types. 6ey concepts about matrices The following concepts are key to understanding matrices

a matri( is two dimensional )two ob&ect types are in!ol!ed* a matri( consists of a grid of intersecting rows and columns" and therefore looks similar to a spreadsheet

a matri( shows the instances )or ob&ects* of one ob&ect type )for e(ample" +rocess* as the row headings. The column headings are the instances of the other ob&ect type )for e(ample" 0rganiJation* there must be an association type linking the two ob&ect types. This is a prerequisite for creating the matri( the cell where a row and column intersect is known as an Rintersection ob&ectR or an Rintersection cellR or an Rinstance of an association typeR" or simply as a Rmatri( cellR. When you !iew the properties of a cell" you see the properties of the intersection ob&ect 4 ;2T the properties of the ob&ects in the row or column heading corresponding to that cell you can create or delete associations between the ob&ects in the row and column headings

)*ample / matri( could show which 2rgani$ations are responsible for performing which ,rocesses. 'ach matri( row would represent a ,rocess" and each column an 2rgani$ation )or !ice4!ersa*. /ny associations would be marked with a letter @ in the matri( cell where the ,rocess row and the column for its associated 2rgani$ation meet. The matri( grid would look similar to this

C.D1. C6'/T7;: / ;'W M/T67@

You will now be taken through the steps to create a new matri( in your Training Model. )*ercise: create a +rocess 5 0rganiJation matri* 1. start Model '(plorer if it is not already running. You can do this either by

clicking the #odel )*plorer icon on the Corporate #odeler "uite "tart /ere pageG or selecting "tart 1 +rograms 1 Casewise Corporate #odeler "uite 1 #odel )*plorer

!. clic- the matrix icon on Model :xplorerAs toolbar:

The Matri( Manager application starts ?. select 4ile C New. The New Matrix $izard starts. (lic- Ne%t C 5. select your %raining #odel from the drop4down list. Click Ce*t 1 C. on the ne(t screen" make sure that the option Don;t use a template is selected. Click Ce*t 1 D. for the matri( name" enter RMy 3irst Matri(R F. select +rocess from the drop4down list for the row. Click Ce*t 1 H. select 0rganiJations from the drop4down list for the column. Click Ce*t 1 I. on the dialog "pecify intersection cell .alues" click &dd and then click on the line below +roperty %ype. You should now see a drop4down list below +roperty %ype. Select Number of 0esources from the drop4down list 1?. under the heading Fule" select 3how value only. Click Ce*t 1 and then 3inish Your matri( has now been created" but you need to add data to it. Click ;e(t WW below to continue to the ne(t section" where you will be shown how to add rows and columns to your new matri(.

C.D0. ,2,#./T7;: Y2#6 M/T67@

You should now ha!e successfully created a new ,rocess 4 2rgani$ation matri(" by following the steps in the pre!ious topic. The matri( is empty because no rows or columns e(ist yet. &dding data to your matri* This is the matri( toolbar

You are now going to use the options 3lood Fows )the icon with the down arrow* and 3lood Columns )the icon with the right4facing arrow* to populate the matri(. 3lood 6ows You use 3lood Fows to add ob&ects from your model of the type you selected for the rows. 7n this case" the rows of your matri( are ,rocesses. 1. click the 3lood Fows icon on the toolbar )if you are not sure which one it is" ho!er your mouse pointer o!er each of the icons in turn to !iew their descriptions*. /lternati!ely" from the menu select Insert 1 3lood Fows ?+rocess@. The 3looding dialog displays. You will see that "rocess is shown in the 0b>ect %ype bo(. (. $n the 1election (riteria drop down bo% the default option is /ll ,rocesses. Clic# the down arrow to view all available options. Clic# here for an e%planation of the options. 3or now" select )ll "rocesses. Click 2L. You will notice that ,rocess ob&ect names appear as the row headings 3lood Columns

You use 3lood Columns to add ob&ects from your model of the type you selected for the columns. The columns of your matri( are 2rgani$ations. 1. click the 3lood Columns icon on the toolbar )or from the menu select Insert 1 3lood Columns ?0rganiJation@*. The 3looding dialog displays. You will see that Organi2ation is shown in the 0b>ect %ype bo(. (. $n the 1election (riteria drop down bo% the default option is /ll 2rgani$ations. Clic# OD. You will notice that 2rgani$ation ob&ect names appear as the column headings. 7f you cannot see the ob&ect names properly )because they are !ertical* then increase the height of the row containing the column headings by dragging the row border with your mouse 9ou will now investigate some of the properties of your new matri%. Clic# Ne%t CC to continue.

C.D1. 7;+'ST7:/T7;: /;% C2;37:#67;: Y2#6 M/T67@

%hings to notice and in.estigate

.B?.#.#. (olumn headings

The column headings are displayed !ertically by default. This means that you might not be able to read the names unless you ad&ust the height of the row containing the column headings )you might already ha!e done this in the pre!ious topic*. To display the names hori$ontally 1. select 3ile 1 #atri* 0ptions. The #atri* 0ptions dialog opens 0. select the 1eading Orientation tab 1. deselect the Gertical column headings check bo(" and click 2L. The column headings now display hori$ontally. ;ote as you probably noticed on the 1eading Orientation pane" you can also change the orientation of the row headings.

.B?.#.!. &ntersection cells

Most of the matri( cells are blank" but si( cells show the number 0. You should see 0 in the cell where the ,rocess row 0ecord Order and the 2rgani$ation column 3ales meet. ;ote the 2rgani$ation ob&ects in this model are interpreted as company departments. 1. double4click on the cell to open its properties. $hat you see are the properties o% the intersection object *%or this association type the object is called Feason for In.ol.ement+. The Number of 0esources property represents how many resources *%or example: people) computers+ %rom the "ales department are allocated to recording sales orders 0. change the 0 to (. Then click 2L. On your matrix the 4 has changed to 2. 1. double4click on the blank cell where the row Monitor )dvertising meets the column Mar#eting. The 0eason for $nvolvement properties dialog opens. Click 2L. On your matrix the cell now appears shaded and contains the value 4. 9ou have just created an association between the #onitor &d.ertising 2rocess and the #ar=eting department.

5. right4click on the same cell )where Monitor )dvertising meets Mar#eting* and select Delete. Now the cell is blan- again. 9ou have just deleted the association you created in the previous step C. double4click again on the cell where the ,rocess row 0ecord Order and the 2rgani$ation column 3ales meet D. in the Came field" enter the te(t RSales order bookR. Click 2L to sa!e your change and e(it the properties dialog F. right4click on the cell at the e(treme top left of your matri( )this is the cell where you see the name of the matri( RMy 3irst Matri(R* and select 0ptions... The Matri% Options dialog opens. H. on the "pecify intersection cell .alues pane I. 1. click &dd. You should see Name appear below the e(isting ,roperty Type )Number of 0esources* 0. in the Fule column" ensure that 3how value only is selected for both Number of 0esources and Name 1. click 2L The cell now contains both o% the property values you speci%ied 3 2 and "ales order boo=) separated by a hyphen. I. open the #atri* 0ptions dialog once more )right4click on the cell at the top left hand corner and select 0ptions...* 1?. on the "pecify intersection cell .alues pane" click the cell beneath the Fule column which corresponds to the ,roperty Type Name 4 the option 3how value only is currently selected 11. select Bse on8off switch from the drop4down list. 10. click the cell beneath the Display .alue column which corresponds to the ,roperty Type Name and replace the e(isting !alue with the letter R@R. 11. for the ,roperty Type Number of 0esources" select Bse on8off switch for the Fule but blank out the cell for Display .alue. Click 2L. 9ou will now see the value E in the cell where where the 2rocess row Fecord 0rder and the Organization column "ales meet. Note: the other cells where associations exist *shaded gray+ do not contain the value E because none o% them has data in the 2roperty Types Came or Cumber of Fesources ;ow close the matri(

select 3ile 1 Close

"ummary The #atri* 0ptions dialog is where you configure the appearance of your matri( cells

you can change the orientation of the cell headings. They can be hori$ontal

!ertical

cells are shaded gray if an association e(ists between the ob&ects in the row and column headings you can display one or more of the ,roperty Type !alues in the cells by selecting the option 3how value only under the Fule column on the "pecify intersection cell .alues pane instead of displaying the ,roperty Type !alues" you can display a character )for e(ample" R@R* to signify that an association e(ists if your ,roperty Type !alues are all ;#.. )you ha!e not entered any !alues* then an association is shown as a gray cell containing no data

You remo!e an association by selecting a cell and using the delete function )either press the Delete key or right4click on the cell and select Delete*.

C.D5. ,2,#./T7;: Y2#6 M/T67@ W7T- S'.'CT'% 2=B'CTS

7n the section entitled ,opulating your matri(" you used the 3lood command to add all ob&ects of a particular type to your matri(. 2ften you will not want to add all ob&ects. &dding selected ob>ects

.B".#.#. Cy category 1. Create a new matri( as described in the section Creating a new matri(" but call it RMy Second
Matri(R 0. 2nce the matri( has opened" select Insert 1 Fow ?+rocess@ . The "elect 0b>ects dialog opens 1. 7n the Category drop4down list" select Derived !ogical "rocess 5. 7n the Came fields" lea!e the default !alue 3tarts with in the drop4down bo( and enter the letter D in the te(t bo(. Note: "tarts with is only one o% several di%%erent criteria you can use %or %inding the objects you need C. Click 3ind Cow. 2ne process ob&ect called Deliver Order will be listed D. Click "elect &ll F. Click 2L 9ou should now see the process object Deli.er 0rder displayed as a row heading.

.B".#.!. Associated objects only

1. 2n the same matri(" select Insert 1 3lood Columns ?0rganiJation@. The 3looding dialog opens 0. 7n the "election Criteria drop4down bo(" select )ssociated Organi2ations and click 2L Only one organization object is added: %ransport. 9ou can conclude that %ransport is the only organization in the model that is associated to the process Deli.er 0rder 1. ;ow remo!e the two ob&ects you ha!e &ust added 5. i. select Deliver Order" right click on it and select Clear

ii.

select -ransport" right click on it and select Clear

?. 0epeat the first two steps above .4looding Columns with )ssociated Organi2ations/. 9ou should notice this time that %our organization objects are added instead o% one. The matrix adds all objects o% the type selected which are associated to objects o% the other type) provided that you have not yet added any objects o% the other type. 2nce you ha!e populated the rows of a matri(" then flooding the columns with associated ob&ects will only add ob&ects that are associated to the ob&ects in the rows. Similarly" if you firstly populate the columns" then the same restriction applies to the rows. ,. Cow remo.e all ob>ects from the matri* using the Clear command

.B".#.?. On a diagram
1. 2n the same matri( )which should now ha!e no rows or columns*" select Insert 1 3lood Fows ?+rocess@. The 3looding dialog opens 0. 7n the "election Criteria drop4down bo(" select "rocesses on Diagram... 1. 7n the diagram drop4down bo(" select Module 0( Diagram 01 Definition of a +usiness "rocess diagram 5. Click 2L. Three process ob&ects are added to your matri( "ic# goods* <rap goods and "ost goods. 7f you open the diagram )Module 0( Diagram 01 Definition of a +usiness "rocess diagram*" you can !erify that these three processes e(ist on it ,. Cow remo.e all ob>ects from the matri* using the Clear command. -ea.e My 1econd Matrix open

.B".#.". Not on a matrix

1. 2pen the matri( you ha!e already created called My 4irst Matri% )do this in Matri( Manager by selecting 3ile 1 0pen*. You now ha!e both matrices open in two separate windows 0. 2n My 4irst Matri% remo!e the process Drive +ac#" which is one of the row headings )it should be the last row* 1. Select 3ile 1 Close 5. 2n My 3econd Matri% select Insert 1 3lood Fows ?+rocess@. The 3looding dialog opens C. 7n the "election Criteria drop4down bo(" select "rocesses not on a Matri%. D. Click 2L. 1ince Dri.e Bac= is the only process in your model not on any matrix) it is now added to your matrix 7. "elect 3ile W Close "ummary &s well as adding all ob>ects of a particular type< the 3lood command can be used to add ob>ects to a matri* in the following ways:

by category

if they are associated to ob>ects on the other matri* dimension by diagram if they are not already on any matrices in your model

2. C0C5/I)F&FC/H DFI--5D0WC 0FD)FIC!

When using -orporate #ublisher you often see listings of diagrams= for example:

(n the Wi6ard7s 7-hoose Diagrams7 screen. (n the 7Diagram 8ierarchy7 page )indexdiagram.htm* of a 8+.1 output. (n the contents of a Word output )this ob'iously reflects the ordering of the sections in the output*.

+he 7Diagram 1ist7 option in this folder allows you to choose a 78ierarchy7 structure for these listings. (n this hierarchy )or 7tree7* structure, an entry for a diagram has its child diagrams listed underneath it )a diagram7s child diagrams are the diagrams that detail )are explosions of* the objects that are on it*. +his "on!8ierarchy Drill!Down 5rdering option determines, for non!hierarchy diagrams )i.e. all other -orporate .odeler diagrams*, the ordering of the child diagrams listings, based on the objects that the child diagrams detail: +op Down, 1eft 2ight 5rdering is based on the position of detailed objects in the diagram. 5rder runs from left to right along each row of objects, starting with the top row. 1eft 2ight, +op Down 5rdering is based on the position of detailed objects in the diagram. 5rder runs from top to bottom down columns of objects, starting with the left hand column. 9lphabetical Detailed objects are sorted alphabetically.

7. F)-&%I0C"/I+
9 relationship represents the association between two objects in a system. +hat is, how those two objects interact with each other, or what relationship they ha'e in the real world. 9lthough associations and relationships are similarly defined, they ha'e distinct property types.

7ow are relationships implemented: (n the -orporate .odeler $uite a relationship describes how two instances of type %ntity are related. +he two %ntities typically represent items in the real world whose relationship you need to understand and model. +he relationship terminology adopted in the -orporate .odeler $uite formali6es what you ,now to be true about how the two %ntities are related. @y con'ention one of the %ntities in the relationship is deemed the parent and the other is the child. For example: in a sales order system there are se'eral relationships between 'arious %ntities. 5ne such relationship is between the parent %ntity customer and the child %ntity customer order. We can say that:

a customer places 6ero or more customer orders. Strictl' spea-ing a customer is someone who actuall' (u's something# (ut in a sales order s'stem 'ou could include customers who have (een given ;uotes (ut who have not 'et placed an order. The word !places! descri(es how the customer interacts with the customer order

a customer order is placed by one customer. 1 customer order has a uni;ue reference num(er which refers to one customer onl'. The customer order cannot (elong to more than one customer. The phrase !is placed ('! descri(es how the customer order interacts with the customer

4ou can 'iew the properties of a relationship and represent them graphically on a diagram. +he table below shows for each type of relationship:

how the relationship and %ntities appear on the diagram can'as how the relationship appears on the diagram palette a textual description of how the parent %ntity is related to the child %ntity a textual description of how the child %ntity is related to the child parent

(ow the relationship and !ntities appear on the can)as

(ow the (ow the parent !ntity is related to relationship appears the child on the diagram palette For each parent %ntity 19 there are 6ero or more child %ntities 1@.

(ow the child !ntity is related to the parent For each child %ntity 1@ there can only be at %xample: 9 customer places most one parent %ntity 6ero or more customer orders

19. %xample: %ach sales person can only ha'e at most one sales manager For each parent %ntity 29 there are one or more child %ntities 2@ For each child %ntity 2@ there can %xample: 9 customer order only be at consists of one or more most one order lines parent %ntity 29 For each child %ntity For each parent %ntity &9 there are one or more child &@ there must only be %ntities &@ one parent %ntity &9 %xample: each order line belongs to just one customer order For each parent %ntity ?9 there are 6ero or more child %ntities ?@ For each child %ntity ?@ there must only be one parent %ntity ?9

-IC6"

8. &""0CI&%) & "IC!-) 0BK)C% WI%/ 0%/)F 0BK)C%"

6se this method when 'ou want to create associations (etween )ust one source o()ect and one or more target o()ects of the same t'pe. 1ssociations created in this wa' are not visuall' represented on diagrams.

$o associate a single object with one or more other objects: 1. (n -orporate .odeler, select the object you want to associate with another object or objects

2. 0o to %dit < #roperties

1lternativel'# right"clic- the o()ect and select 5roperties

&. 5n the #roperties dialog, select 9ssociations < A5bject +ypeB.

The [Association Type Display Name] dialog opens If an' o()ects of the selected t'pe are alread' associated to the selected o()ect# the' are listed

?. -lic, "ew 1in,...

The Select objects dialog opens.

C. Dse the Filter objects controls to find an object or objects to associate to E. $elect one or more objects to associate to F. -lic, 5>. +he Select objects dialog closes.
If 'ou onl' selected one o()ect to associate to# an association properties dialog opens. /ou can use this dialog to enter some properties for the association# (ut 'ou can e;uall' leave it (lan-. The association is created and the associated o()ect is listed in the [Association Type Display Name] dialog. <. ,lic- ,lose The [Association Type Display Name] dialog closes =. ,lic- %. The 5roperties dialog closes.

1dd o()ects to a diagram

H.1. /%% .7;LS 362M Y2#6 %7/:6/MS T2 2T-'6 2=B'CTS" ,62:6/MS 26 %7/:6/MS
+his functionality enables you to create objects on your diagram that act as lin,s to other diagrams, or lin,s to external files ! such as .icrosoft Word documents or .icrosoft %xcel spreadsheets What do you want to do? To create an o()ect on 'our diagram that lin-s to another diagram in 'our model# see: ,reate an o()ect that lin-s to another ,orporate 2odeler diagram .

1. 5pen the diagram you want the lin, to point to )the target diagram for the lin,*. 2. -lic, %dit < -opy Diagram 1in,. &. 5pen the diagram you want the object lin, to appear on )the diagram that you are lin,ing from, or the source diagram*.

?. -lic, (nsert < 5bject 1in,.... C. +ype a name for the lin,. E. (n the -ommand line box, clic, -trl 3 G.
The *iagram >in- that was copied to the clip(oard in step 8 is copied into the field.

F. -lic, $elect and select a picture from the 0allery. H. When you ha'e completed the 0allery dialog and returned to the 5bject 1in, #roperties dialog, clic, 5>. I. -lic, to place the object lin, on the diagram. To create an o()ect on 'our diagram that lin-s to an' file for example# a word document# an excel spreadsheet# etc.$# see: ,reate an o()ect that lin-s to a third part' document .

1. -lic, (nsert < 5bject 1in,.... 2. +ype a name for the lin, )this name appears on the diagram*. &. -lic, @rowse ...
1 standard &indows %pen dialog opens.

?. @rowse to the document you wish to lin, to. C. -lic, $elect and select a picture from the 0allery. E. When you ha'e completed the 0allery dialog and returned to the 5bject 1in, #roperties dialog, clic, 5>.
/our cursor turns to a cross"hairs shape.

F. -lic, to place the object lin, on the diagram. (mportant: (f all users do not ha'e access to the location of the lin,ed file )for example, if the file is on your local ! pri'ate ! machine* then the lin, will appear to be bro,en when they try to access the file. 4ote that this functionalit' can also (e used to create a lin- to an application. The user simpl' needs to cop' the location and filename of the application into the ,ommand >ine field on the *iagram >indialog.
Tips and 1dditional Information

%nce a lin- has (een created on the diagram# the file is accessed in the same manner as a detail diagram is accessed from its parent# see:

%pen a diagram or document from an %()ect >in1. 2ight!clic, the 5bject. 2. -lic, %xplode.
The diagram# application or document opens.

(nstead of using 7-opy Diagram 1in,7 to get the lin, to paste in to the Diagram 1in, dialog, you can type a lin, to another diagram using the format described in: -reate lin,s from 8+.1 pages to your own diagrams. ,reate 6ser"*efined 7elp ? Set up and manage a multi"user installation

H.0. C6'/T' 7;326M/T72; ,/:'S

$ystem managers can add (nformation pages to each of the three Giews in .odel %xplorer, which their users can then access from the 5utloo, bar. (n a multi!user set up, the files or D21s that the system manager specifies will be a'ailable to all users so long as those pages are on a shared dri'e and all users are connected to the networ,. $ystem managers can specify different pages for each of the three 'iews. (n this way, you can implement easy access to different resources tailored to different types of user.
8.2.1.1.1. %o add information pages:

1. In the %utloo- (ar# right"clic- Add Information "age. 8. T'pe the name of 'our pages. 3. T'pe the full path and filename or the 63> that 'ou want to (e availa(le from this lin-. 9. ,lic- &'.
Tips and Additional Information

9ny information page that is set up by a system manager is a'ailable to all users. (t is also possible to set up user!specific /fa'orites/ pages. +his in'ol'es creating a lin, to a page on a designated local folder so that each user can customi6e this as they want. 9n example might be to set up a page that allows users to add lin,s to specific diagrams they are wor,ing on. For further information, see: 2anage models with %()ect 0xplorer

:. CF)&%)< )DI% &CD D)-)%) &""0CI&%I0C"

5bject %xplorer ma,es it easy to create new associations between objects ! and then locate those associations for editing purposes. +he instructions on this page explain how to create, edit and delete associations using 5bject %xplorer. For information on locating associations and associated objects, see: @rowse your models, objects and associations. What do you want to do? +o -reate a new association to an existing object, see: -reate an association to an existing object $o 0reate an association to an existing object: 1. @rowse to the object you want to create an association from in the normal way so that it is listed in the Objects window 2. $elect the object in the list &. 0o to %ile > New > *ssociation > +he menu lists all the 5bject +ypes you can create an association to ?. From the menu, select the type of object you want to associate to +he Create Associations dialog opens C. $elect the object that you want to associate to 4ou can select more than one object if you want to create multiple associations E. -lic, 12 +he association is created and appears at the top of the list in the Associated Objects window Note: 4ou can only create associations to objects where an 9ssociation +ype between the $ource and +arget 5bject +ypes already exists. +o -reate an association to a new object, see: -reate an association to a new object $o 0reate an association to a new object:

1. @rowse to the object you want to create an association from in the normal way so that it is listed in the Objects window 2. $elect the object in the list &. 0o to %ile > New > *ssociation > +he menu lists all the 5bject +ypes you can create an association to ?. From the menu, select the type of object you want to associate to +he Create Associations dialog opens C. -lic, 0reate 1bject +he New Object dialog opens E. %nter the details for your new object F. -lic, 12 +he New Object dialog closes and the new object is selected and highlighted in the Create Associations dialog I. -lic, 12 +he association is created and appears at the top of the list in the Associated Objects window Note: 4ou can only create associations to objects where an 9ssociation +ype between the $ource and +arget 5bject +ypes already exists.

14. 0BK)C% -IC6 C&")

+he case used )7Dpper7 or 71ower7* in both the 82%F tag text, and the hot text, for 5bject 1in, lin,s. +his is important if the 8+.1 output is to be used in a case sensiti'e en'ironment such as D"(J. -an be:

1ower 9ll lower case, o'erriding the capitali6ation of the original object lin,. For example: ;9 82%FK/8++#:LLwww.casewise.com/<8++#:LLwww.casewise.com;L9<. Dpper 9ll upper case, o'erriding the capitali6ation of the original object lin,. For example: ;9 82%FK/8++#:LLWWW.-9$%W($%.-5./<8++#:LLWWW.-9$%W($%.-5.;L9 <. #reser'e 1in, -ase +he capitali6ation is as originally specified in the object lin,. For example: ;9 82%FK/http:LLWWW.-9$%wise.-5./<http:LLWWW.-9$%wise.-5.;L9<

W/&% &F) &""0CI&%I0C %H+)"?

9n 9ssociation +ype is a design object, used in the -orporate .odeler $uite as the /template/ from which associations can be created. 9s the 5bject +ype 7#rocess7 is used to create objects li,e 72ecord 5rder7 and 7Despatch 0oods7, so an 9ssociation +ype which associates #rocesses to 5rgani6ations can be used to create associations between the #rocess 72ecord 5rder7 and the 1ocation 79-.% -orp.7 9ssociation +ypes can be either predefined or user!defined and can be added )as a line* to the "ew objects palette.

What is a predefined &ssociation %ype?

9 predefined association type already exists in your model. For example, a predefined 9ssociation +ype exists between #rocesses and 5rgani6ations with a /reason for in'ol'ement/ as its /intersection object/ )see What is an intersection objectM*. +his allows you to associate any #rocess with any 5rgani6ation and to define )'ia the properties of the intersection object* why those two objects ha'e a relationship with one another.

What is a user5defined &ssociation %ype?

(f you want to associate a user!defined object )an object which does not come as standard with the -orporate .odeler $uite, such as a 7-lass7 object created for your own D.1 diagrams* to another object )such as a #rocess*, then you must create a user!defined 9ssociation +ype which enables these two object types to be associated. +he reason for this is that all 9ssociation +ypes .D$+ associate two objects, and those objects .D$+ themsel'es be of a specific type. (f you ha'e a user!defined object type it follows that there will be no predefined 9ssociation +ypes which specify the new object as one of the specific types it connects to.

11. D)+)CD)C% 0BK)C%"

When you export objects from the -orporate .odeler $uite or run a spell!chec, or find and replace, certain objects are included in the action in addition to the explicitly selected objects. +hese are ,nown as /Dependent objects/. +he following table shows the selected object, and those objects that are dependent on that object )i.e. it shows the object you ha'e selected, and those objects that are included in that selection automatically*.
Select Includes

Diagram

9ll objects on that diagram including any styles that are assigned to objects on the diagram.

Detail diagram 5bject with association to other object

#arent object. 2easons for (n'ol'ement and Data Dsages. "ote that associated objects are not included unless explicitly selected. $o if a process is associated to an organi6ation and you select the process, only the process is spell!chec,ed or exported. (f, howe'er, you select both the process and the organi6ation, then both objects along with the reason for in'ol'ement are exported or spell!chec,ed.

%ntity

5bjects that reference +ime #eriods, -alendars, and Distributions

9ttributes, ,eys, relationships, domains and all other entity modeling objects. 9ll referenced objects. Example: (f a #rocess7s +hroughput specifies a $pecial calendar, then that -alendar7s "ame is included in the spell! chec,.

12. 3&D": W/&% D0)" %/) +F0+)F%H C0C%)E% DI&!F&# D0?

When publishing, selecting -ontext diagram affects output from -orporate #ublisher. +his flag signifies that any object shown on the diagram outside of the parent object )when shown on the child diagram* should not appear in the diagram tree as it is outside of the scope of the diagram.

$o in this case, an object on the parent diagram is exploded, the user then adds a copy of the parent object to the child diagram )the large yellow process*.

+he child diagram is flagged as a context diagram, thus meaning that only those objects that appear inside the large process are shown in the diagram tree. +hat means objects: 1, 2, and & on this diagram and not the red external entity objects.

1 . ")% A+ &CD #&IC%&IC "ABK)C% &F)&"

9 sub!model is created from a subject area. 4ou create a subject area in the 9dministration 'iew of .odel %xplorer and then populate it with diagrams and objects in the 5bject 'iew. "ot all users can create subject areas )see the "otes and +ips section below*. 9 subject area also contains objects that you did not explicitly add to it. 4ou can find out what these objects are when you analy6e a subject area. What do you want to do? -reate a new subject area In the administration )iew 1. %n the left"hand pane# clic- *ubject Area. 8. ,lic- File # $ew *ubject Area 3. T'pe a name for the su()ect area. 9dd objects to a subject area From the &bject )iew 1. In the left"hand pane# select the re;uired model. 8. ,lic- Action # *elect *ubject Area. 3. ,lic- the su()ect area to which 'ou want to add o()ects. 9. In the left"hand pane# select the re;uired %()ect T'pe e.g. *iagram$. @. In the right"hand pane# select the o()ects 'ou want to add to the su()ect area. Tip 6se the ,trl or Shift -e's for multiple selection. A. ,lic- Action # Add to *ubject Area. Tips &hen 'ou clic- Action # Add to subject area the selected o()ect is added to the su()ect area currentl' associated with this model. When you clic, *ction > *dd to subject area the selected object is added to the subject area currently associated with this model. +o change the $ubject 9rea that7s currently associated with this model, see: . .

-hange the currently associated $ubject 9rea

1. (n .odel %xplorer, select *ction > )elect )ubject *rea 3 The Su()ect 1rea lister opens. 8. ,lic- the name of the Su()ect 1rea that 'ou want to use. 3. ,lic- *elect. +he $ubject 9rea is now associated with this model, and each time you add an object it will be added to this subject area. Tip 4ou can also create new $ubject 9rea objects in this dialog, by clic,ing the New button.
&d.anced %as=s 5 Which ob>ects will your "ub>ect &rea contain?

+o create a list of 5bjects that are in your currently selected subject area )and will therefore be in the sub!model you are creating*, see: 9naly6e $ubject 9reas .

1. (n the left!hand pane, select the reNuired model. 2. -lic, *ction > *naly/e )ubject *rea. 9fter the $ubject 9rea has been analy6ed, some objects might be mar,ed as Deri'ed. Deri'ed objects are objects that you did not add to the $ubject 9rea, but which are reNuired in the sub!model to maintain model integrity.

1(. CF)&%) "AB5#0D)-"

@efore you can create a sub!model, you must first create and populate a subject area )see $et up and maintain subject areas*. %rom the *dministration ,iew: 1. In the left"hand pane# select +odel. 8. +rom the right"hand pane# select the master model i.e. the model from which 'ou want to create the su("model$. 3. ,lic- Action # ,oc- +odel. 9. In the right"hand pane# right"clic- .reate sub/model. @. +ollow the wiBard steps using the help (utton for more information where necessar'.

$ips and *dditional Information For a detailed explanation of the relationship between subject areas and sub! models, see: 3elationship (etween su()ect areas and su("models. 4ote also that to create a su("model# 'ou must have the access rights to ,reate 2odels and ,reate Su()ect 1reas. S'stem and pro)ect managers as well as single users$ automaticall' have these rights. 4ormal users# however# must have them explicitl' granted# see: ,reate 'our own %()ect# 5ropert'# and 1ssociation T'pes

15.1. C6'/T' ;'W 2=B'CT TY,'S

(f you want to create a new object on your diagram which is not represented by any of the predefined -orporate .odeler 5bject +ypes )i.e. it cannot easily be described as being a #rocess, an %ntity, etc.*, you must define your own design object to use as the basis of these new modeling objects on your diagrams. What do you want to do? $ip: @efore you create a new 5bject +ype, chec, that an appropriate 5bject +ype does not already exist. +he presence of multiple, inconsistently named 5bject +ypes will confuse your users. $ee an illustration of 5bject +ypes in the Design 'iew .

+he illustration below shows the Design 'iew in .odel %xplorer. +he red area represents the New 1bject $ype menu item, which allows you to create a new 5bject +ype.

-reate a Dser!defined 5bject +ype

1. In the left"hand pane# select the model to which 'ou want to add a new %()ect T'pe. 4ote: do not select !2odels!C select an actual model (eneath this. 1lso# ma-e sure 'ou do not select an' of the %()ect T'pes within the model. 8. ,lic- File # $ew &bject Type. &. +ype a "ame for the 5bject +ype )the "ame is what users will see in the model*. ?. +ype a #lural "ame for the 5bject +ype. "ote: as soon as you select this field, the plural name defaults to the same as the display name )step &*. (f you want ma,e sure that the plural is a true plural, then edit this field with the appropriate plural form )e.g. #rocess would become #rocesses*. C. +ype a $cript "ame for the 5bject +ype. +his what is used to identify the 5bject +ype internally and cannot be subseNuently edited. "ote: as soon as you select this field, the script name defaults to the same as the display name )step &*. 4ou can, howe'er, edit this name. (t must be a uniNue and use only alphanumeric characters. E. (f you want to use this 5bject +ype on diagrams, then choose the Display on diagram box. F. +o add your own help for this 5bject +ype, choose the 8elp tab and enter your text.

+he help text you enter is what the users will see when they clic, the 8elp button on the properties dialog of any instances of the 5bject +ype. H. For more information about creating your own help, see: -reate custom help

1,. W/&% &F) &""0CI&%I0C %H+)"?

9n 9ssociation +ype is a design object, used in the -orporate .odeler $uite as the /template/ from which associations can be created. 9s the 5bject +ype 7#rocess7 is used to create objects li,e 72ecord 5rder7 and 7Despatch 0oods7, so an 9ssociation +ype which associates #rocesses to 5rgani6ations can be used to create associations between the #rocess 72ecord 5rder7 and the 1ocation 79-.% -orp.7 9ssociation +ypes can be either predefined or user!defined and can be added )as a line* to the "ew objects palette.
1,.1.1.1.1. What is a predefined &ssociation %ype?

9 predefined association type already exists in your model. For example, a predefined 9ssociation +ype exists between #rocesses and 5rgani6ations with a /reason for in'ol'ement/ as its /intersection object/ )see What is an intersection objectM*. +his allows you to associate any #rocess with any 5rgani6ation and to define )'ia the properties of the intersection object* why those two objects ha'e a relationship with one another.
1,.1.1.1.2. What is a user5defined &ssociation %ype?

(f you want to associate a user!defined object )an object which does not come as standard with the -orporate .odeler $uite, such as a 7-lass7 object created for your own D.1 diagrams* to another object )such as a #rocess*, then you must create a user!defined 9ssociation +ype which enables these two object types to be associated. +he reason for this is that all 9ssociation +ypes .D$+ associate two objects, and those objects .D$+ themsel'es be of a specific type. (f you ha'e a user!defined object type it follows that there will be no predefined 9ssociation +ypes which specify the new object as one of the specific types it connects to.

1C.0. /SS2C7/T' 2=B'CTS

8ow you create an association is dependent upon how you wish to display your associations on your diagram. What do you want to do?

(f you want your association to be in'isible on the diagram )i.e. if you want to associate the objects using the 5bject #roperties dialog*, see: 9ssociate objects .

1. 2ight!clic, the object you wish to associate with another object. 2. $elect *ssociations > 41bject $ype5.
The D1ssociation T'pe *ispla' 4ameE dialog opens. If an' o()ects of the selected t'pe are alread' associated to the selected o()ect# the' are listed.

&. -lic, New lin!###

The Select o()ects dialog opens.

?. Dse the Filter objects controls to find an object or objects to associate to. C. $elect an object to associate to.
,lic- the 7elp (utton on the dialog for more information a(out the using +ilter o()ects controls.

E. -lic, 12. +he $elect objects dialog closes and an Intersection Object properties dialog opens. F. 5ptionally, define properties about the intersection object.
The associated o()ect appears in the dialog.

4ou can select multiple objects to associate with the source object ! simply select more than one object at step C. (f you do this, the (ntersection 5bject properties dialog does not immediately open. +o enter details about a specific association, select the object in the dialog and clic, Edit lin!. (f you want to create

12. CF)&%) &""0CI&%I0C" A"IC! DF&! &CD DF0+ ?"WI#-&C)"@

4ou can create associations by dragging and dropping an object onto any other object on your diagram. 5bjects treated in this way are called $wimlanes. 8owe'er, before you can do this, the following pre!reNuisites must be in place:

+here must be an 9ssociation +ype between the two 5bject +ypes concerned. $ee -reate "ew 9ssociation +ypes +he 9llow 9utomatic -reation chec,box be set on the properties of the 9ssociation +ype. +he two options are:

Source to Target ! Dse this setting to allow associations to be created automatically when the an object of the source object type is placed on top of an object of the target object type on a diagram. Target to Source ! Dse this setting to allow associations to be created automatically when the an object of the target object type is placed on top of an object of the source object type on a diagram.

(f you want to be able to automatically delete associations when you separate the two objects on the diagram, you must ha'e Allow Automatic Deletion set on the association object. +his is set by default when associations are created using drag and drop, but can be edited manually by 'iewing the properties of any association. To create an association using drag and drop

1. $elect an object on the diagram can'as 2. While holding down the left!mouse button, drag the object o'er another existing object &. 2elease the mouse button to drop the object
The association is created. The smaller o()ect must (e in the foreground compared to the larger Swimlane$ o()ect 'ou want to associate it with. To change an o()ectFs position in the B"order# use the Move to front and Move to back functions on the Draw menu. /ou can also create associations in this wa' (' dragging and dropping new o()ects from the New Objects palette# or (' dragging and dropping o()ects from the !istin" Objects palette

17. "WI#-&C)
+he term $wimlane is used by @usiness 9nalysts to describe how #rocess mapping often appears on diagrams. #rocesses are placed inside 1ocation or 5rgani6ation objects to show that they either occur at the 1ocation they lie within, or are the responsibility of the 5rgani6ation they lie within. $o in the following diagram, 5bject 9 is an 5rgani6ation that is responsible for performing #rocess -. 5bject @ is a 1ocation where processes D and % occur.

+he term swimlane is used because the objects are elongated, li,e the lanes in a pool.