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List of firsts in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of firsts in India

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of firsts in India.

Contents
1 Architecture 2 Awards and titles 2.1 Nobel Prize 3 Defence (in the Republic of India) 4 Economy 5 Exploration 6 Film, TV and entertainment 7 Governance 8 Science 8.1 Medical science 9 Sport 9.1 Olympics 9.2 Chess 9.3 Tennis 9.4 Cricket 10 Women 11 Places 12 Transport 13 Others 14 References

Architecture
First Islamic (tomb) in India: (http://Sultan%20Ghari)Sultan Ghari Sultan Ghari(Hindi: , Urdu: ) , built in 1231 CE for Prince Nasir ud, eldest son of Iltumish. First true dome: Alai Darwaza, Qutb complex, Delhi, built in 1311 CE, by first Khilji Sultan of Delhi, Ala-ud-din Khilji. First true arch: Balban's tomb, Mehrauli Archeological Park, Delhi, built c. 1287 CE, by Ghiyas ud din Balban of Mamluk dynasty. First garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent, also the first with Persian double-dome: Humayun's Tomb, Delhi, built 1562-1571 CE. First Mosque in India: Cheraman Juma Masjid Kodungallur (Kerala), built 629-630 A.D by Malik ibn Deenar, an Arab trader on the order of Chera ruler Cheraman Perumal (Tajjudin after conversion to Islam)[1][2]

Awards and titles

Mr. Universe: Manohar Aich in 1952 Miss World: Reita Faria in 1966. (She was also the first Asian to win the title.)
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Miss Asia Pacific: Zeenat Aman in 1970 International Teen Princess: Radha Bartake in 1974 Miss Teenage Intercontinental: Elizabeth Anita Reddi in 1978 World Miss University: Priyadarshini Pradhan in 1989 Miss Universe: Sushmita Sen in 1994 Miss India Worldwide: Karminder Kaur Virk in 1994. Miss Intercontinental Pageant: Lara Dutta in 1997. Mr. International: Aryan Vaid in 2000 Manhunt International: Rajeev Singh in 2001 Miss Tourism International: Candice Pinto in 2001 Mrs. World: Aditi Gowitrikar in 2001 Miss Tourism World : Payal Rohatgi in 2002 Miss Tourism Queen International: Zabina Abdul Rashid Khan in 2004 Miss World Tourism : Sonal Chauhan in 2005. Miss Tourism: Priyanka Shah in 2007 Miss Earth: Nicole Faria in 2010 Miss Tourism Queen Of The Year International: Urvashi Rautela in 2011 Miss Asia Pacific World: Himangini Singh Yadu in 2012 Mister United Nations : Rahul Vyas in 2013 First Indian to win any literary award (the Newbery Medal) in the United States, in 1927 for Gay Neck, the Story of a Pigeon: Dhan Gopal Mukerji Nirad C. Chaudhuri, first Indian to win a major non-fiction award, the Duff Cooper Prize in the United Kingdom, in 1966 for The Continent of Circe Man Booker Prize: Arundhati Roy for her novel "The God of Small Things" in the year 1997. Bhaswati Bhattacharya was the first Indian to speak as Orator at the Harvard University, in the Commencement Exercises in 1993.[3] Bharat Ratna: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, C. Rajagopalachari, and C. V. Raman in 1954 Padma Vibhushan: Satyendra Nath Bose, Nand Lal Bose, Zakir Hussain, Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher, Jigme Dorji Wangchuk, V. K. Krishna Menon in 1954 Commandeur of the Order of Arts and Letters: Mrinal Sen[4] Chevalier of the Order of Arts and Letters: Sivaji Ganesan Dadasaheb Phalke Award: Devika Rani in 1969 Ashoka Chakra Award to a civilian: D.K. Jatar (posthumous) and M.C Dixit, captain and cocaptain respectively, of the sabotaged plane Kashmir Princess, for "most conspicuous bravery, daring and self-sacrifice" Magsaysay Award: Vinoba Bhave, 1958 Stalin Peace Prize (now known as Lenin Peace Prize) in 1952-Saifuddin Kitchlew Oscar for Lifetime Achievement - Satyajit Ray Nishan-e-Pakistan: Morarji Desai, 1990

Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize in Literature: Rabindranath Tagore in 1913. He was also the first Asian to win the prize. Nobel Prize in Physics: C. V. Raman in 1930. Nobel Prize in Medicine: Har Gobind Khorana in 1968 (US citizen of Indian origin) Nobel Peace Prize: Mother Teresa of Calcutta in 1979 (Indian citizen of Albanian origin) Nobel Prize in Physics: Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar in 1983 (US citizen of Indian origin) Nobel Prize in Economics: Amartya Sen in 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Venkatraman Ramakrishnan in 2009 (USA citizen of Indian origin)
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Defence (in the Republic of India)

President of Indian Republic: Dr Rajendra Prasad Vice President of Indian Republic: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Defence Minister of India: Baldev Singh Commander-in-Chief of Free India: General Sir Roy Bucher Indian Commander-in-Chief of Free India: General Kodandera Madappa Cariappa, 1949 Chief of Air Staff: Air Marshal Sir Thomas Elmhirst Indian Chief of Staff: General Kodandera Madappa Cariappa, 1947 Commander-in-Chief, IAF: Air Marshal Subroto Mukerjee, 1954 Chief of Naval Staff: Vice Admiral R D Katari Cosmonaut: Sqn Ldr Rakesh Sharma, 1984 Field Marshal: Sam Manekshaw, 1973 First Parsi Army Chief: Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw First Parsi Navy Chief: Admiral J L Cursetji First Parsi Air Force Chief: Air Marshal Aspy Engineer First Christian Army Chief: General Sunith Francis Rodrigues First Christian Navy Chief: Admiral Ronald Lynsdale Pereira First Christian Air Force Chief: Air Chief Marshal Norman Anil Kumar Browne First Sikh Army Chief: General Joginder Jaswant Singh First Sikh Air Force Chief: Air Marshal Arjan Singh First Muslim Air Force Chief: Air Marshal Idris Hasan Latif First female officer to be court martialled: Anjali Gupta First female jawan in the Army: Sapper Shanti Tigga[5] First Param Vir Chakra Winner: Major Som Nath Sharma

Economy
First power in India with Soviet Collaboration: Neyveli Lignite Corporation in 1962.[6] First central PSU to be privatized: Modern Food Industries in January 2000

Exploration
Person to fly in a balloon and land in a parachute: Ram Chandra Chatterjee Person to reach the South Pole: Col Jatinder Kumar Bajaj Woman to scale Mount Everest: Bachendri Pal on 23 May 1984. She was the 5th woman in the world to scale the peak. Woman to reach South Pole: Reena Kaushal Dharmshaktu Person to reach the North Pole: Jagannathan Srinivasaraghavan on April 23, 1985. Person to have walked across Gobi desert: Sucheta Kadethankar

Film, TV and entertainment

First Film to be exhibited in India on 7 July 1896, with the Lumiere Brothers' Cinematography, unveiling six silent short films at the Watson's Hotel in Bombay, viz., Entry of Cinematographe, The Sea Bath, Arrival of a Train, A Demolition, Ladies & Soldiers on Wheels and Leaving the Factory. First silent film to be made in India: Raja Harishchandra, 1913 by Dadasaheb Phalke.
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First Tamil silent film: Keechaka Vadham (1918), produced and directed by R. Nataraja Mudaliar. First actress of Indian cinema: Durgabai Kamat in Mohini Bhasmasur (1913), second movie of Phalke[7][8] First Bengali film maker: Hiralal Sen First Bengali talkie: Dena Paona (1931) Dadasaheb Phalke Award: Devika Rani (1969) First Government award for films: Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards(1937) First Punjabi film made in the city: Kolkata First Indian filmmaker to get Bharat Ratna: Satyajit Ray (1992) Sound film: Alam Ara (1931) directed by Ardeshir Irani,[9] 1931, First Talkie actress: Zubeida Colour film: Kisan Kanya (1937), directed by Moti B. Gidvani. Film to be banned: Neel Akasher Neechey, (1959) (Directed by-Mrinal Sen) .[10] Cinemascope film: Kaagaz Ke Phool(Directed by -Gurudutt) (1959)[11][12] Oscar for Lifetime Achievement: Satyajit Ray (1992) Film to attract International critical attention: Pather Panchali, (1955) won eleven awards. Oscar winner: Bhanu Athaiya for Best Costume Design for Gandhi (film) in 1982 Oscar nomination for Best Foreign Language Film: Mother India, 1957 Music director to win an Oscar and first double Oscar winner-Mr. A. R. Rahman for Slumdog Millionaire, 22 February 2009. Sound engineer to win an Oscar: Resul Pookutty for Slumdog Millionaire, 22 February 2009 Palme d'Or at 1946 Cannes Film Festival: Neecha Nagar, directed by Chetan Anand National Film Award for cinema: Shyamchi Aai, 1954 Colorized film: Mughal-e-Azam in 2004 (the original black-and-white version was released in 1960) Sponsored TV serial: Hum Log, started on 7 July 1984, was also the first soap opera of India, ran for 156 episodes Guinness Book of World Records in the category, Fewest actors in a narrative film : Yaadein (1964) directed and acted by Sunil Dutt[13] Actor to enact 10 roles: Kamal Haasan Actress to enact 10 roles = Priyanka Chopra plays 12 different characters in Bollywood film"What's Your Raashee?" 3-D film: My Dear Kuttichathan, a Malayalam film, produced in 1984, dubbed in Hindi as Chhota Chetan. 70 mm film: Around the World, a Hindi film, starring Raj Kapoor and Rajshree in 1967 Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Order of Arts and Letters) - Director: Mrinal Sen (1985); Actor: Sivaji Ganesan (1995); Actress: Sharmila Tagore(2004) Hindi film screened at the United Nations: Lage Raho Munna Bhai, 10 November 2006,directed by Rajkumar Hirani First Bhojpuri feature film to be featured in the Indian Panorama section at the International Film Festival of India: Deswa (2011)[14] First music record was recorded by Gauhar Jaan[15] singing a khayal in Raag Jogiya,[16] recorded on 2 November 1902, by Fred Gaisberg, assistant to Emile Berliner, the father of Gramophone record.[17]

Governance
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President of the Indian National Congress: Womesh Chandra Bannerjee, 1885 President of the Indian National Congress of independent India: Acharya Kripalani, till November 1947 President: Rajendra Prasad (19501962) First Woman President: Pratibha Patil (20072012) The first Chief Election Commissioner : Sukumar Sen Industries and Supplies Minister: Shyama Prasad Mukherjee The first person to resign from the Central Cabinet: Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Vice-President: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Prime Minister: Jawaharlal Nehru (194764). India held its first constitutional elections in 1952 after which he was re-elected. Deputy Prime Minister: Vallabhbhai Patel (19471950) Law Minister of India: B. R. Ambedkar Leader of Opposition: A. K. Gopalan Prime Minister to be voted out of office: Indira Gandhi (1977), when the Indian National Congress lost to the Janata Party Non-Congress government: Janata Party, with Morarji Desai as the Prime Minister (1977 1980) Non-Congress State government with Majority by a single party: E. M. S. Namboodiripad of CPI, Kerala 1957 Prime Minister to lead a minority government for a full term (five years): P. V. Narasimha Rao, 21 June 1991 16 May 1996 Person outside the Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as Prime Minister for a full term (five years): P. V. Narasimha Rao, 21 June 1991 16 May 1996 Prime Minister from South India: P. V. Narasimha Rao, 1991, H.D.Deve Gowda Women Railway Minister of India: Mamata Banerjee[18] The first Viceroy of India: Lord Canning, 1858 Governor-General of India: Warren Hastings, 1773 Governor-General of Independent India: Lord Mountbatten, 1947 Indian Governor-General of Indian Union: C Rajagopalachari, 1948 Chief Justice of India: H. J. Kania (19471951) First Sikh Prime Minister: Manmohan Singh (2004present) First Muslim President: Zakir Hussain (19671969) First Sikh President: Giani Zail Singh First Chief Minister of West Bengal: Dr. Prafulla Chandra Ghosh Indian ICS Officer: Satyendranath Tagore, 1863 Speaker of Lok Sabha: G.V. Mavlankar (19521956) Finance Minister of Independent India: R.K. Shanmukhan Chetty (19471949), for others see First Indian Cabinet Presentation of First Budget after India's Independence: R. K. Shanmukhan Chetty on 26 November 1947 First Home Minister of India: Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel[19] First Indian President to die in Office: Dr Zakir Hussain, 3 May 1969 First Chief Minister to die in Office: C.N.Annadurai, Tamil Nadu First Indian Prime Minister to resign from office: Morarji Desai, 1979 First woman Cabinet Minister in India: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur First woman Minister in India: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit First woman Chief Minister: Sucheta Kriplani First woman Governor of a State: Sarojini Naidu (Governor of Uttar Pradesh, 194749) First female Home Minister: Sabitha Indra Reddy in Andhra Pradesh Govt. First woman Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar
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First woman Finance Minister of State Government in India: Dr Upinderjit Kaur, in Punjab Govt.

Science
The first president of the inaugural session of the Indian Science Congress: Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee in 1914 Hydroelectric plant: Sidrapong near Darjeeling, commissioned in 1897,[20] followed by the Gaganachukki waterfall of the Sivasamudram Falls, Mysore Kingdom, built in 1902.[21] Place to get electricity: Darjeeling in 1897, followed by Calcutta (now Kolkata)[22][23] in 1898 and Kolar Gold Fields in 1902. Man in space: Rakesh Sharma aboard Soyuz T-11, on 3 April 1984. He was the 138th man in space worldwide. Woman in space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87, on 19 November 1997. She was a naturalized United States citizen, and represented the US during the event. Test-tube baby: Durga Agarwal, born 1978 Scientific Expedition to Antarctica: 1981 Nuclear Reactor: Apsara, Mumbai, Maharashtra First Genetically Modified Food Product in India: Bt. Egg plant Hybrid (Bt. -- Bacilius thuringiensis) Satellite: Aryabhata, launched on 19 April 1975 Satellite dedicated exclusively for educational services: EDUSAT Successfully indigenous launch vehicle: SLV-3 Prospective space tourist: Santhosh George Kulangara, proposed in 2009 aboard Virgin Galactic Cloned Animal: Bhass, sampura In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbor. In 1851, it was opened for the use of the British East India Company 1854: Telegraph service opened to the Public First telephone exchange: On 28 January 1882, Major E. Baring, Member of the Governor General of India's Council declared open the Telephone Exchanges in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. The exchange in Calcutta named the "Central Exchange", was opened at third floor of the building at 7, Council House Street, with a total of 93 subscribers. Later that year, Bombay also witnessed the opening of a telephone exchange. 1902 - First wireless telegraph station established between Sagar Islands and Sandheads. 1907 - First Central Battery of telephones introduced in Kanpur. 1913-1914 - First Automatic Exchange installed in Shimla. 1927 - Radio-telegraph system between the UK and India, with Imperial Wireless Chain beam stations at Khadki and Daund. Inaugurated by Lord Irwin on 23 July by exchanging greetings with King George V. 1933 - Radiotelephone system inaugurated between the UK and India. 1953 - 12 channel carrier system introduced. 1960 - First subscriber trunk dialing route commissioned between Lucknow and Kanpur. 1975 - First PCM system commissioned between Mumbai City and Andheri telephone exchanges. 1976 - First digital microwave junction introduced. 1979 - First optical fibre system for local junction commissioned at Pune. 1980 - First satellite earth station for domestic communications established at Secunderabad, A.P.
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1983 - First analog Stored Program Control exchange for trunk lines commissioned at Mumbai. 1984 - First Underground Metro Railways System at Calcutta. 1984 - C-DOT established for indigenous development and production of digital exchanges. 1990 - First technology park in India, Technopark, Trivandrum was launched 1995 - First mobile telephone service started on non-commercial basis on 15 August 1995 in Delhi.

Medical science
First Graduate in Medicine: Surjo Kumar Chakraborty First Ever Rhinoplasty noted in world/India: Over Ksatji a British soldier by a Kumhar Vaidya. First physician in India and second in the world to perform the In vitro fertilization: Subhash Mukhopadhyay.

Sport
Indian to swim across the English Channel: Mihir Sen, 1958. Woman to swim across the English Channel: Arati Saha, 1959 Formula One racer: Narain Karthikeyan Formula One team: Force India F1 A1 GP race victory: Narain Karthikeyan, Zhuhai, China, 2007 Person to equal world record in Archery: Limba Ram, 1992 Person to walk across the Mongolian Gobi Desert: Sucheta Kadethankar who achieved the feat in 51 days, 11 hours and 40 minutes in 2011. Ashish Kumar, first Indian to win a medal in both Asian games(November 12 to 27 November 2010, Guangzhou(China)) and Commonwealth games(Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010). He won Bronze medal in both games. Shiva Keshavan, first Indian to win 2 Gold Medals for India in Winter sports at the Asia Cup in Japan in 2011 and 2012. The Asian Champion is also a 4 time Olympian and has set the new Asian speed record on ice at 134.3 kmph and track record a 49.590 seconds. Sushil Kumar (wrestler) is the first Indian to win back to back Olympic medals (Bronze and Silver in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics respectively)

Olympics
Olympic team medal: Gold in Field Hockey, Amsterdam, beating the Netherlands in the Finals. Individual medal (in British India): Two Silver medals by Norman Pritchard in 200 metres and 200 metres hurdles at the 1900 Summer Olympics, Paris. (This is disputed however. The IOC claims he participated for India. The IAAF records him as participant for Great Britain.) Individual medal: Bronze by K. D. Jadhav for Wrestling at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. Medal in Tennis: Leander Paes at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. Individual medal by a woman: Bronze by Karnam Malleswari for weightlifting 54 kg class, at the 2000 Summer Olympics Sydney. Individual Gold medal: Abhinav Bindra in the 10 m Air Rifle event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Individual Silver medal (Independent India): Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore in the Men's Double Trap event at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.
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Medal in boxing: Vijender Kumar in the Beijing Olympics 2008. Medal in Badminton: Saina Nehwal, winning bronze in the London Olympics 2012 Medal in wrestling: Sushil Kumar, winning a Bronze in the Beijing Olympics 2008 and a Silver in the London Olympics 2012 Medal in boxing: MC Mary Kom, winning bronze in the London Olympics 2012 Medal in wrestling: Yogeshwar Dutt, winning a bronze in the London Olympics 2012

Chess
Chess Grandmaster: Male - Viswanathan Anand, 1988. Female - Koneru Humpy - 2002 - She was also the youngest woman to become a grandmaster at 15 years old. (Hou Yifan of China is the youngest woman to become a grandmaster, at 14 years and 6 months.)

Tennis
Grand Slam title: Mahesh Bhupathi (partnering with Japanese Rika Hiraki) in the Mixed Doubles category of the 1997 French Open. Woman to win a match in a Grand Slam event: Nirupama Vaidyanathan beat Italian Gloria Pizzichini in the first round of the 1998 Australian Open Woman to reach 4th round (highest as of 2009) of a Grand Slam singles event: Sania Mirza in the Singles category of the 2005 US Open. Woman to win a Grand Slam title: Sania Mirza (partnering with Mahesh Bhupathi) in the Mixed Doubles category of the 2009 Australian Open. Grand Slam junior title: Ramanathan Krishnan in the Singles category of the 1954 Wimbledon Championship. Grand Slam junior title by a woman: Sania Mirza (partnering with Russian Alisa Kleybanova) in the Doubles category of the 2003 Wimbledon Championships. Yuki Bhambri became the first Indian to win the Singles in the Junior Australian Open, when he defeated the Greek Alexandros-Ferdinandos Georgoudas in the final 63, 61 in the Finals in 2009.

Cricket
First Cricket Club in India: Calcutta now Kolkata (1792) Calcutta cricket club First test match played in India: India v/s England in Eden Gardens,(Calcutta) (result draw) (5-8 Jan 1934) First Indian Captain and the third in history to have led his team to victory after being enforced to follow on - against Steve Waugh's Australia in 2001-02: Sourav Ganguly First Cricket Stadium: Eden Gardens in Kolkata First Test Victory: Against England At Madras Cricket tournament: The Bombay Triangular (19051911) which later became the Bombay Quadrangular (19121936) First Indian Captain to win more than 21 test matches as a captain: Mahendra Singh Dhoni Test match: Against England at Lord's, 25 June 1932 Captain in Tests: C. K. Nayudu for the 1932 tour of England. ODI captain: Ajit Wadekar. Cricketer to score a century in a Test match: Lala Amarnath, 118 against England in December 1933 at Bombay Gymkhana grounds. First Indian to score the highest runs in a World Cup: Sourav Ganguly 183 runs V/S Sri Lanka in 1999 World Cup Cricket.
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Cricketer to score a double century in a Test match: Polly Umrigar, 223 against New Zealand at Hyderabad in 1955-56 Cricketer to score a triple century in a Test match: Virender Sehwag, 309 against Pakistan in Multan in 2004. Indian to score an ODI century: Kapil Dev, 175* against Zimbabwe in the 1983 Cricket World Cup. Indian to score an ODI double century is Sachin Tendulkar, 200* against South Africa at Gwalior, 24 February 2010 (he was the first in the World to achieve this feat). Hat-trick in an ODI: Chetan Sharma against New Zealand in 1987. First World Cup Runners up captain: Sourav Ganguly (2003) World Cup: At the 1983 World Cup when India beat West Indies in the Finals Under the captaincy of Kapil Dev Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in Tests: Sunil Gavaskar (he was the first in the World to achieve this feat) Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in ODIs: Sachin Tendulkar (he was the first in the World to achieve this feat) Winner of the first T20 World Cup: India (in 2007). Cricketer to score 100 centuries in Test and ODIs combined: Sachin Tendulkar (he was the first in the World to achieve this feat) First bowler to take all 10 wickets in an innings: Anil Kumble (against Pakistan) First batsman to score 50 centuries in Test Cricket: Sachin Tendulkar First woman to score a double hundred in Test cricket: Mithali Raj [214* against New Zealand at Wellington, 2004] (she was first in the world to achieve this feat) First Indian to score a T20 century: at Suresh Raina vs South Africa. Six sixes in an Over: Yuvraj Singh in a T20 match vs England. First Nation to win a World Cup Finale on its home ground: India (ICC 2011 Cricket World Cup) Final held at Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai. Fastest Fifty in a T20I: 50 runs of 12 balls by Yuvraj Singh (vs England in the Inaugural World T20 Championship held in South Africa, 2007)

Women
First women's court in India: Malda, West Bengal (24/1/2013)[24] Graduates: Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu, 1883 The first woman Honours Graduate: Kamini Roy, 1886 Head of an Undergraduate Academic Institution: Chandramukhi Basu, 1888 The first woman Director General of Police: Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya Honours Graduate: Kamini Roy (1886) The first woman to receive Nobel Prize: Mother Teresa of Calcutta Woman Railway Minister of India: Mamata Banerjee Woman to become Railway Minister of India twice in her tenure: Mamata Banerjee Woman to become Railway Minister of India in two different Governments (NDA & UPA) :Mamata Banerjee Woman to be the Chairperson of State Bank of India:Arundhati Bhattacharya Court martialled: Anjali Gupta in 2005 Lawyer: Cornelia Sorabjee (1892) also the first female graduate from Bombay University, and the first woman in the world to read law at Oxford. Photojournalist: Homai Vyarawalla (1913)[8] Doctorate of Science: Asima Chatterjee (1944) Chief Justice of a High Court (Himachal Pradesh): Leila Seth, 1991
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The first woman Air Vice Marshal: P. Bandopadhyaya Supreme Court judge: Justice M. Fathima Beevi High Court Judge: Anna Chandy Woman President of the United Nations General Assembly: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, 1953 Physician: Kadambini Ganguly, 1886 Airline Pilot: Durba Banerjee In space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87, on 19 November 1997. She was a naturalized United States citizen, and represented the US during the event. Nobel Prize winner: Mother Teresa of calcutta in 1979 (Albanian born Indian citizen) The first Indian woman to sit in civil services exam, to join IFS, to be a diplomat, to become the ambassador/High commissioner (She also to sue the Indian government for gender bias): Muthamma Chonira. The first woman to cross English Channel: Aarti Saha Monarch of Delhi Sultanate: Razia Sultan (12051240) of Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi) Prime Minister: Indira Gandhi, 1966 Minister in a government: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur in the Ministry of Health Chief Minister of a State: Sucheta Kripalani, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, 19631967 Governor: Sarojini Naidu, Governor of Uttar Pradesh, 19471949 Central Minister (in pre-independent India): Vijayalakshmi Pandit, minister of local selfgovernment and public health, 1937 Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar Asha Pande, first Indian woman to be the member of Legion of Honour Anjali Gopalan, first Tamil woman member of the royal French Legion of Honour. Indian National Congress President: Annie Besant President: Pratibha Patil, 2007 IPS Officer Kiran Bedi Asian Games gold medal winner: Kamlijit Sandhu The first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest: Bachendri Pal, 1984 Chess Grandmaster: Koneru Humpy, 2002. She was also the youngest woman in the world to become a grandmaster at 15 years old. To win 1st round match in a Grand Slam event: Nirupama Vaidyanathan beat Italian Gloria Pizzichini in the first round of the 1998 Australian Open To reach 4th round (highest as of 2008) of a Grand Slam event: Sania Mirza in the Singles category of the 2005 US Open. Grand Slam junior title: Sania Mirza (partnering with Russian Alisa Kleybanova) in the Doubles category of the 2003 Wimbledon Championships. State Finance Minister: Dr Upinderjit Kaur, in Punjab: October, 2010 Paris Brest Paris Cycling Event: Divya Tate (44): August, 2011[25] The first Indian woman pilot: Harita Kaur Deol becomes the first Indian woman pilot in the Indian Air Force (IAF), on a solo flight in 1994. To Cross Gobi Desert: Sucheta Kadethankar (33): 2011[26] First Indian woman to reach the final of an Olympic event Pilavullakandi Thekkeparambil Usha, popularly known as P. T. Usha first woman IAS officer:Anna Rajan George(b1927)kerela qualified in 1950 sub divisional officer in Tamil Nadu 1951 First and youngest Indian female Ultramarathoner (23yrs) to run a 100 Mile Race(Himalayas) Priya Darshini (October, 2007) First Indian Women to win Magasasay Award: Kamladevi Chattopadhyay

Places
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First partition of Indian state: Bengal District to achieve 100% literacy rate: Ernakulam district, Kerala, 1990 City/town to achieve 100% literacy rate: Kottayam, Kerala, 1989 District to achieve 100% literacy rate and lowest population growth rate: Pathanamthitta district, Kerala District to be polio-free: Pathanamthitta district, Kerala District to achieve tobacco free: Kottayam district, Kerala, 27 September 2008 District to become India's 'total electrified district': Palakkad, Kerala, 2011 City to have an e-court: Ahmedabad, 8 February 2009

Transport
First (Metro) rail to become Zone of Indian Railways: Kolkata Metro as the (17Th Zonal Headquarter) (30-12-2010)[27] First and the only Indian (Metro) rail under Indian Railways: Kolkata Metro First Passenger Train: between Mumbai and Thane on 16 April 1853 First suburban railway line: Mumbai Suburban Railway in 1857 First rapid transit (Metro) rail: Kolkata Metro in 1984 First Motorcar: in 1897, Mr Forster of Crompton Greaves First Motorcar in regular use: Francis Spring, Chennai in 1901. First Indians to own a motor car: Jamshedji Tata and Rustom Cama, a Parsi Lawyer in 1901. First competitive event: Delhi - Bombay trials in 1905 at the behest of Lord Curzon and Motor Union of Western India to test the suitability of the Automobile for Indian roads and to facilitate interaction between the fledging Automobile Industry and prospective Indian clients[28][29][30][31][32] Oldest surviving and running cars in India: De Dion Bouton 1904, Rover 1905 First woman to drive a car in India: Suzanne RD Tata 1905 First Motor Taxi: Mumbai, 1911 First largescale import of motor cars: Relatively large contingent of motorcars imported for the Delhi Darbar held in 1911 to mark the arrival of King George V[33] First registration scheme for motor vehicles in India: 1912 Arrival of mass production technology makes the Automobile a practical means of transport by the 1920s and most British officers had cars First Assembly of motor cars: General Motors sets up the first assembly unit to assemble cars from imported parts in 1928. The National Series AB sedan is produced. First manufacture of motor cars: Hindustan Motors begins production of cars in 1942. Premier automobiles and Standard Motors setup. Technology stagnates as a result of economic autarky as India is isolated from the rest of the world First act leading to liberalization of the Auto sector: Maruti 800 launched in 1983 and the automotive industry is progressively liberalized First fully indegenous passenger car developed in India: Tata Indica, launched in 1998 First expressway: Mumbai - Pune Expressway in 2000, First major acquisition of a foreign company by an Indian company: Tata Motors acquires Jaguar and Land Rover in 2007. Mahindra Automotive emerges as the top bidder for SsangYong Motor Company in 2010. First aeroplane in India: Maharaja of Patiala, 1910[34] Domestic commercial aviation is born in India in 1911 when on 18 February, Henri Piquet, flying a Humber biplane, carries mall from Allahabad to Naini Junction, some six miles away. 1927: India's first airline, Imperial Airways, extends its Empire Routes to India, connecting
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India with the outside world for the first time through an air network. A de Havilland Hercules flies the Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Jodhpur-Delhi route. It is also the first domestic passenger flight to be operated in India. Passengers could be for the first time fly from Karachi to Jodhpur and to Delhi on Imperial Airways. On 10 February 1929, J. R. D. Tata is awarded India's first pilot licence, Pilot Licence No.1 by Federation Aeronotique International signed by Sir Victor Sasoon on behalf of the Aero Club of India and Burma. 1932: Urmila K Parikh becomes the first woman to get a pilot licence when she is given an a licence by the Aero Club of India and Burma. 1932: J. R. D. Tata launches India's first scheduled airline, Tata Airlines, by piloting the first flight himself from Karachi to Bombay via Ahmedabad on a single-engine Puss Moth with a load of airmail.

Others
The first Indian to cross English Channel: Mihir Sen[35] The first Indian Air Chief Marshal: S. Mukherjee First Post Office Opened in India: Kolkata (1727) First telegraph message: On November 5, 1850, between Calcutta (now Kolkata) and Diamond Harbour, a distance of about 50 km.[36] Wax statue of a living Indian: Mahatma Gandhi at Madame Tussaud's in 1939. Newspaper: Hicky's Bengal Gazette started in 1780. Hindi Newspaper: Udant Martand on May 30, 1826; published and edited by Jugal Kishore Shukla from Calcutta.[37] Exclusive Internet magazine: Bharat Samachar[citation needed] Miss India to participate in Miss Universe: Indrani Rahman in the Miss Universe 1952 Pageant at Long Beach, California Indias First woman Merchant Navy Officer: Sonali Banerjee First Lady Teacher: Savitribai Phule First Lady Doctor: Anandibai Joshi First lady tennis sports: Saniya mirza The first record holder in the field of development of eco-innovation: Shripad Vaidya[38] 13 Jun 2010 Vaidya is the first Nagpurian to get two Limca records within a year in ... as the first record holder in the field of development of eco-innovation. World's first hand written needle book: Madhushala[39] Writer of world's first hand written needle book (Madhushala): Piyush Goel[40] First Disabled Friendly Bank ATM by Union Bank of India[41]

References
1. ^ A mosque from a Hindu king; Travelogue; News from India, News for Tourists and Travellers, India Travel Times, India News, India News Times, Indian News, Travel News, Travel, ... (http://www.indiatraveltimes.com/travelogue/mosque.html) 2. ^ Randhathani, Hussain http://web.archive.org/web/20060622220846/http://jaihoon.com/watan/indarbmappilacommunity.htm 3. ^ Harvard Commencement 1993 - Bhaswati Bhattacharya's Oration - YouTube (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdEawXyyho4)

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4. ^ The International Who's Who 2004 (http://books.google.com/books? id=sR4Ch1dMe8IC&pg=PA1518&lpg=PA1518&dq=%22Ordre+des+Arts+et+des+Lettres%22+Mrinal &source=bl&ots=39Nhg41VwW&sig=3mELmefU47VO5CI6MH_Qosf2lPE&hl=en&ei=oxZqS9iVCYyRtg eM7ISdDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CBcQ6AEwCDgK#v=onepage&q=%22 Ordre%20des%20Arts%20et%20des%20Lettres%22%20Mrinal&f=false) 5. ^ Indian Army Welcomes Its First Woman Jawan, Mother Of 2 (http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_indian-army-welcomes-its-first-woman-jawan-mother-of2_1594169) 6. ^ "Thermal Plants" (http://www.nlcindia.com/index.php?file_name=about_01e). Neyveli Lignite Corporation. Retrieved 11 Jan 2012. 7. ^ Riya Chakravarty (May 3, 2013). "Indian cinema@100: First women on screen: Durgabai Kamat and her daughter Kamlabai Ghokhle" (http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/indian-cinema-100-40-firstsin-indian-cinema-362362). NDTV. Retrieved May 9, 2013. 8. ^ a b "Vikram Gokhale has an illustrious family lineage" (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-23/did-you-know-/32605578_1_lineage-artistedurgabai-kamat). The Times of India. Jan 23, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2013. 9. ^ Gokulsing, K.; Wimal Dissanayake (2004). Indian popular cinema: a narrative of cultural change (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=_plssuFIar8C&pg=PA24&dq=Ayodhyecha+Raja+1932&cd=10#v=onepage&q=Ayodhyecha%20R aja%201932&f=false). Trentham Books. p. 24. ISBN 1-85856-329-1. 10. ^ "The cinema of bad light" (http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-cinema-of-bad-light/831422/0). Indian Express. 13 August 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-29. 11. ^ First movies (http://www.indiamarks.com/guide/The-First-movies/242/) 12. ^ First Indian Cinemascope Film (http://www.thecolorsofindia.com/interesting-facts/cinema/firstindian-cinemascope-film.html) 13. ^ "Kannada film in Guinness" (http://www.hindu.com/2005/07/15/stories/2005071504440600.htm). Online Edition of The Hindu, dated 2005-07-15 (Chennai, India: The Hindu). 15 July 2005. 14. ^ http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-10-19/news-interviews/34556731_1_jimmy-rjagtiani-deswa-neetu-chandra 15. ^ Saregamas online store (http://www.livemint.com/2007/12/09235905/Saregama8217s-onlinestore.html) www.livemint.com Wall Street Journal, 10 December 2007. 16. ^ Rebuilding a 100 years of priceless recordings (http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php? newsid=201610) The Indian Express, 17 September 2006. 17. ^ 'First dancing girl, Calcutta' (http://www.mustrad.org.uk/articles/gauhar.htm) 18. ^ http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000226/main2.htm#4 19. ^ First in India (http://www.facts-about-india.com/First-in-India.html) 20. ^ Sidrapong Hydel Power Station (http://wbpower.nic.in/sidra.htm) 21. ^ History - KPTCL (http://www.kptcl.com/kptclhistory.htm) 22. ^ Companies that have survived 100 years in India - Business Today - Business News (http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/companies-that-have-completed-100-years-inindia/1/16503.html) 23. ^ CESC is among the country's most efficient utilities - Business Today (http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/cesc-among-100-year-old-indian-companies/1/16491.html) 24. ^ http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Malda-gets-Indias-first-womenscourt/articleshow/18158507.cms 25. ^ First Indian woman to qualify for Paris cycling event - Indian Express (http://www.indianexpress.com/news/first-indian-woman-to-qualify-for-paris-cycling-event/829672/) 26. ^ "Pune's Sucheta becomes first Indian woman to cross Gobi desert" (http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-07-30/news/29833274_1_gobi-desert-expeditionsand). The Times Of India. 30 July 2011. 27. ^ http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-12-29/india/28264643_1_metro-railway-kolkatametro-foundation-stone 28. ^ :: The Federation of Motor Sports Clubs of India :: (http://www.fmsci.in/main/history.html) 29. ^ The Motor (http://books.google.com/? id=WnrVAAAAMAAJ&q=delhi+bombay+trials+1905&dq=delhi+bombay+trials+1905). 1904. 30. ^ Papers Past Star 11 Paengawhwh 1905 MOTORING (http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=TS19050411.2.4&l=mi&e=-------10--1---2-all) 31. ^ http://dawn.com.pk/weekly/books/archive/040425/books1.htm 32. ^ Papers Past Poverty Bay Herald 22 November 1904 ALPINE ACCIDENTS (http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=PBH19041122.2.28)
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33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.

^ Delhi Durbar, India 1911 (http://www.standardregister.co.uk/id13.html) ^ /http://ashwinnaik.com/blog/?p=36 ^ http://www.facts-about-india.com/First-in-India.php ^ "Dot, dash, full stop: Telegram service ends July 15" (http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bsnlto-shut-down-telegram-services-from-june-15/article4806921.ece). The Hindu. June 12, 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013. ^ Hena Naqvi (2007). Journalism And Mass Communication (http://books.google.com/books? id=0aFH2KFhFOkC&pg=PA42). Upkar Prakashan. p. 42. ISBN 978-81-7482-108-9. ^ Environmentalist-poet eyes Guinness record - Times Of India articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com Collections Guinness ^ http://www.worldrecordsindia.com/?s=World+First+needle+book+Book+ ^ http://cityplus.jagran.com/city-news/reviving-great-words-unconventionally_1342766298.html ^ http://www.worldrecordsindia.com/2012/09/first-disabled-friendly-bank-atm/

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