05 Optimization Problems

Optimization Problems
A farmer has 2000 feet of fencing and wishes to enclose a rectangular field. What
dimensions will give him the maximum area?
Problem 1:

: Suppose the farmer in Problem 1 wishes
enclose the field using a stream as one side of the
field. What dimensions will given him the maximum
area?
Problem 2

: Suppose a farmer needs to enclose 60,000 square feet in a rectangular field.
What dimensions will use the least amount of fencing?
Problem 4

: Suppose the farmer in Problem 4
uses a stream as one side of the field. What
dimensions will use the least amount of fencing?
Problem 5

3
: Suppose we wish to construct a
cylindrical can that holds 12 ounces. What
dimensions will use the least amount of
material? 12 ounces = 21.66 in .
Problem 7

Suppose the farmer in Problem 1 wishes
to divide the field as shown in the diagram at the
right. What dimensions will give him the maximum area?
Problem 3 :
: Suppose we wish to construct a box
without a lid by cutting away equal amounts from
each corner and folding the sides up, as shown
in the diagram at the right. If we use a piece of
cardboard
Problem 6
15" x 20", what dimensions will give
us the maximum volumes?
A playing field is to be constructed
in the shape of a rectangle and two semicircles on
each end. (See figure at the right) What dimensions
give a maximum area if the perimeter must be
Problem 10b :
400 meters?
in the shape of a rectangle and a semicircle on one
end. (See figure at the right) What dimensions
give a maximum area if the perimeter must be 400 m
Problem 10a :
eters?
2
A rectangle has its base on the
axis and its upper vertices on the parabola
12 as shown at the right. What is
the largest area the rectangle can have and
what are the dimensions?
x
y x
=
Problem 8 :

axis and its upper vertices on the sine
functon 2cos as shown at the right.
What is the largest area the rectangle can have
and what are the dimension
x
y x
=
Problem 9 :
s?

Solutions

2
A farmer has 2000 feet of fencing and wishes to enclose a rectangular field. What
dimensions will give him the maximum area?
2 2 2000 1000
( ) (1000 )
( ) 1000 0 1000
( ) 1000
x y y x
A x x x
A x x x x
A x
+ = =
=
= s s
' =
Problem 1 :
2 0
500 500
(0) 0 (500) 250, 000 (1000) 0
Thus, the maximum area is 250,000 square feet using a field of dimensions 500' x 500'.
x
x y
A A A
=
= =
= = =

: Suppose the farmer in Problem 1 wishes
enclose the field using a stream as one side of the
field. What dimensions will given him the maximum
area?
Problem 2

2
2 2000. 2000 2 .
( ) (2000 2 ) 2000 2 0 1000.
( ) 2000 4 0 500. 1000
(0) 0 (500) 500, 000 (1000) 0
Thus, the maximum area is 500,000 square feet when we make a rectangle 500 ft x 1000 ft
x y x y
A y y y y y y
A y y y x
A A A
+ = =
= = s s
' = = = =
= = =
.

2
3
2 3 2000. 1000 .
2
3 3 2000
( ) (1000 ) 1000 0 .
2 2 3
1000
( ) 1000 3 0 500
3
1000 2000
(0) 0 166, 667 0
3 3
Thus, the maximum area is 166,667 square feet when we make a rectangle
x y x y
A y y y y y y
A y y y x
A A A
+ = =
= = s s
' = = = =
| | | |
= = =
| |
\ . \ .
1000
500 ft x ft.
3

Suppose the farmer in Problem 1 wishes
to divide the field as shown in the diagram at the
right. What dimensions will give him the maximum area?
Problem 3 :
: Suppose a farmer needs to enclose 60,000 square feet in a rectangular field.
What dimensions will use the least amount of fencing?
Problem 4

2
2 2
2
60, 000
2 2 subject to the constraint 60, 000 0
120, 000
( ) 2
120, 000 2 120, 000
( ) 2
Setting this equal to zero gives: 2 120, 000 0 60, 000 244.9
To see if this is an ABSOLUTE m
P x y xy y x
x
P x x
x
x
P x
x x
x x ft
= + = = >
= +
' = =
= = =
in, we use the First Derivative Test.

Since changes from - to +, we have a RELATIVE minimum at 244.9 Since it is the
ONLY critical point, then it must be the ABSOLUTE minimum.
Thus, we use the least amount of fencing when 244.
P x
x
' =
= 9 and 244.9 y =

: Suppose the farmer in Problem 4
uses a stream as one side of the field. What
dimensions will use the least amount of fencing?
Problem 5

2
2 2
2
60, 000
2 subject to the constraint 60, 000 0
120, 000
( )
120, 000 120, 000
( ) 1
Setting this equal to zero gives: 120, 000 0 120, 000 346.4
To see if this is an ABSOLUTE min,
P x y xy y x
x
P x x
x
x
P x
x x
x x ft
= + = = >
= +
' = =
= = =
we use the First Derivative Test.

Since changes from - to +, we have a RELATIVE minimum at 346.4 Since it is the
ONLY critical point, then it must be the ABSOLUTE minimum.
Thus, we use the lease amount of fencing when 346.
P x
x
' =
= 4 and 173.2 y =

2 3
2
( ) (15 2 )(20 2 ) 0 7.5
( ) 300 70 4
( ) 300 140 12 0 2.8 8.8
V x x x x x
V x x x x
V x x x x x
= s s
= +
' = + = = =
(0) 0 (2.8) 379 (7.5) 0
Thus, we get a maximum area of 379 cubic inches when the dimensions are 2.8 x 9.4 x 14.4
v V V = = =

3
: Suppose we wish to construct a
cylindrical can that holds 12 ounces. What
dimensions will use the least amount of
material? 12 ounces = 21.66 in .
Problem 7

2
2
2
2
3
2 2
2 2 .
The constraint is that the VOLUME must be 21.66 21.66
21.66
Solving for gives . Plugging this into the area function gives;
43.32
( ) 2
43.32 4 43.32
( ) 4
0 4
A r rh
r h
h h
r
A r r
r
r
A r r
r r
A
t t
t
t
t
t
t
= +
=
=
= +
' = =
' =
3
43.32 0
This gives: 1.5 and 3.0 Using the First Derivative Test we can show
this is a minimum.
r
r h
t =
= =

: Suppose we wish to construct a box
without a lid by cutting away equal amounts from
each corner and folding the sides up, as shown
in the diagram at the right. If we use a piece of
cardboard
Problem 6
15" x 20", what dimensions will give
us the maximum volumes?
2
axis and its upper vertices on the parabola
12 as shown at the right. What is
the largest area the rectangle can have and
what are the dimensions?
x
y x
=
Problem 8 :

2
3
2 2
( ) 2 (12 ) 0 12
( ) 24 2
( ) 24 6 0 4 2
(0) 0 (2) 32 ( 12) 0
The maximum area occurs when 2.
A x x x x
A x x x
A x x x x
A A A
x
= s s
=
' = = = =
= = =
=

axis and its upper vertices on the sine
functon 2cos as shown at the right.
What is the largest area the rectangle can have
and what are the dimension
x
y x
=
Problem 9 :
s?

( ) 2 (2cos ) 0
2
( ) 4 cos
( ) 4cos 4 sin .86
(0) 0 (.86) 2.244 0
2
The maximum area occurs when .86.
A x x x x
A x x x
A x x x x x
A A A
x
t
t
= s s
=
' = =
| |
= = =
|
\ .
=

in the shape of a rectangle and a semicircle on one
end. (See figure at the right) What dimensions
give a maximum area if the perimeter must be 400 m
Problem 10a :
eters?
2
2
2 2
1
2 2 2 400
2
200
2
1
( ) 2 (200 )
2 2
400
( ) 400 2 0
2 2
400
( ) 400 4 0
4
400 400
(0) 0 11, 202 9507
4 2
Thus, we get a maximum area of 11,202 square
A r rx x r r
x r r
A r r r r r
A r r r r r
A r r r r
A A A
t t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t t
= + + + =
=
= +
= s s
+
' = = =
+
| | | |
= = =
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
meters
400 400
when 56 56
4 4
r x
t t
= = = =
+ +

in the shape of a rectangle and two semicircles on
each end. (See figure at the right) What dimensions
give a maximum area if the perimeter must be
Problem 10b :
400 meters?

2
2
2 2
2
2 2 2 400
200
( ) 2 (200 )
200
( ) 400 2 0
( ) 400
200
( ) 400 2 0
200
(0) 0 12, 732
Thus, the maximum area occurs when 0
which means make a CIRCLE!!
A r rx x r
x r
A r r r r
A r r r r r
A r r r
A r r r
A A
x
t t
t
t t
t t
t
t
t
t
t
= + + =
=
= +
= + s s
=
' = = =
| |
= =
|
\ .
=

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Optimization Problems

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