Quest HW1 Solutions

lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) This print-out should have 10 questions.
ns. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page nd all choices before answering. Each question receives a score between +10 and -10 depending on how many tries you need. The scores are arranged so that a random guesser will on average score zero. Your score for the whole assignment will never be negative, and you get bonus participation credit for attempting all questions. This scoring system is designed so that students grades dont get too bunched up (its very hard to assign As, Bs etc. fairly at the end of the semester if everyone has almost the same score). 001 10.0 points Since
t
lim
7 = 0, t+6
it follows that the improper integral converges and that
I =
3
7 7 . dx = 2 (x + 6) 9 10.0 points
002
Determine if the improper integral

0
I =
2 dx 7x 3
Determine if the improper integral 7 dx I = (x + 6)2 3 converges, and if it does, compute its value. 1. I = 7 correct 9
converges, and if it does, nd its value. 1. I = 2. I = 3. I = 4. I = 2 7 2 3 7 2 3 2
7 2. I = 10 3. I doesnt converge 4. I = 2 5. I = 7 9
5. I is not convergent correct Explanation: The integral is improper because the interval of integration is innite. To test for convergence, therefore, we have to check if the limit
0 t
Explanation: The integral is improper because of the innite interval of integration. To overcome this we set t 7 I = lim dx t 3 (x + 6)2 whenever the limit on the right hand side exists. Now t t 7 7 dx = 2 x+6 3 3 (x + 6) = 7 7 + . t+6 9
lim
2 dx 7x 3
exists. But
0 t
2 dx = 7x 3 =
2 ln (|7x 3|) 7
0 t
2 2 ln(3) ln (|7t 3|) . 7 7
lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) On the other hand,

t
In this case
t 3
lim
ln (|7t 3|) = .
Consequently, the integral I is not convergent . 003 Determine if
1 dx = 5 2 x2 4 x
t2 4 5
t2 4 5
1 u1/5
du
5 4/5 = u 8 However,
5 (t2 4)4/5 54/5 . 8
10.0 points
lim (t2 4)4/5 = .
Consequently,
3
I =
x x2 4
dx
I does not converge . 004 10.0 points
converges, and if it does, compute its value. 1. I = 5 54/5 8
Determine if the improper integral I =

1
2. I does not converge correct 54/5 3. I = 8 4. I = 5. I = 5 54/5 4 5 54/5 8
2xe2x dx
converges, and if it does, nd its value. 1. I = 1 2 e 2
2. I does not converge 3. I = 2e2 4. I = e2 5. I = e2 6. I = 1 2 e correct 2
6. I = 54/5 Explanation: The integral I is improper because of the innite interval of integration. Thus I will converge if
t t
lim
x x2 4
dx
Explanation: The integral
exists. To evaluate this last integral, we use substitution, setting u = x2 4. For then du = 2x dx , while x = 3 x = t = = u = 5, u = t 4.
2
I =
1
2xe2x dx
is improper because of the innite range of integration. To overcome this we restrict to a nite interval of integration and consider the limit
t
I = lim It ,
t
It =
1
2xe2x dx.
lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) To evaluate It we use the substitution u = x2 . For then
t2
Consequently, In = ln(ln(4t)) But

n n e
It =
1
1 e2u du = e2u 2
2 1 2 e e2t . = 2
t2 1
= ln(ln(4n))ln(ln(4e)) .
But,
x
lim ln(ln(4n)) = ,
lim eax = 0,
so lim In does not exist. Hence

n
for any a > 0, so

t
lim e2t = 0.
I does not converge .
Consequently, I converges and 1 I = e2 . 2 005 10.0 points 006 10.0 points Determine if the improper integral
1
I =
0
Determine if the improper integral
4 sin1 (x) dx 1 x2
I =
e
1 dt t ln(4t)
is convergent or divergent, and if convergent, nd its value. 1. I is divergent 2. I = 1 4 1 2 correct 2 1 2 4 1 2
converges, and if it does, compute its value. 1. I = 4 2. I = 4e 4 3. I = e 1 4. I = 4 5. I does not converge correct Explanation: The integral is improper because of the innite interval of integration, so we set
n
3. I = 4. I = 5. I =
Explanation: The integral is improper because lim sin1 (x) = . 1 x2
I = lim In ,
n
In =
e
1 dt, t ln(4t)
x 1
whenever the limit exists. Now with the substitution u = ln(4t) we see that 1 dt = t ln(4t) 1 du = ln(u) + C. u
Thus we have to check if

t t 1
lim
4 sin1 (x) dx 1 x2
lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) is convergent or divergent. To determine 4 sin1 (x) dx 1 x2 set u = sin1 (x). Then du = and so 4 sin1 (x) dx = 4 1 x2 from which it follows that
t 0
3. A only 4. all of them 5. B only 6. A and B only 7. B and C only 8. none of them correct Explanation: A. By properties of limits
x1
1 dx , 1 x2 u du = 2u2 + C ,
4 sin1 (x) dx 1 x2
lim f (x)g (x) = 0 0 = 0 ,
= 2 (sin1 (x))2 = 2(sin1 (t))2 .

0
so this limit is not an indeterminate form. B. By properties of limits

x1
Now
2 lim (sin1 (t))2 = . t 1 4 Consequently, I is convergent and I = 007 1 2 2 .
lim F (x)g (x) = 20 = 1 ,
so this limit is not an indeterminate form. C. By properties of limits lim g ( x) 0 = = 0, G(x)
x1
10.0 points
so this limit is not an indeterminate form. 008 10.0 points x4 1 x3 1
When f, g, F and G are functions such that

x1
lim f (x) = 0, lim F (x) = 2,
x1
lim g (x) = 0, lim G(x) = ,
Determine if the limit

x1
lim
x1
x1
which, if any, of A. B. C.
x1 x1
exists, and if it does, nd its value. 1. limit = 4 correct 3
lim f (x)g (x) ,
lim F (x)g (x) , lim g ( x) . G(x)
2. limit = 3. limit = 3 4
x1
are indeterminate forms? 1. C only 2. A and C only
4. none of the other answers 5. limit = Explanation:
lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) Set f ( x) = x4 1 , Then

x1
g ( x) = x3 1 .
Explanation: The notion of limit at innity tells us that if f ( x) lim = , x g ( x) then f ( x) > 1 g ( x)
lim f (x) = 0,
x1
lim g (x) = 0 ,
so LHospitals rule applies. Thus f ( x) f ( x) lim = lim . x 1 g ( x) x 1 g ( x) But f ( x) = 4 x3 , Consequently, 4 limit = . 3 009 10.0 points g ( x) = 3 x2 .
for all large x. But then f ( x) > g ( x) holds for all large x so long as g (x) > 0 for large x, allowing us to multiply through the inequality by g (x). Similarly, if
x
lim
f ( x) = 0, g ( x)
then
f ( x) < 1 g ( x)
Use LHospitals Rule to determine which of the inequalitites A. 100 < ex , x
for all large x, so if g (x) > 0 for all large x, then f ( x) < g ( x) for all large x. On the other hand, if
x
B. ex < x2 + 100, C. e
2x
lim f (x) = = lim g (x) ,

x
> xe + 100,
holds for all large x. 1. none of them 2. B and C only 3. C only correct 4. all of them 5. A and C only 6. A and B only 7. B only 8. A only
then we can use LHospitals Rule to determine f ( x) lim . x g ( x) Similarly, if

x
lim f (x) = 0 = lim g (x) ,

x
then we can use LHospitals Rule to determine f ( x) lim . x g ( x) In this way, we can use LHospitals Rule to compare the rates of growth or decay of f (x) and g (x) when x . For the three given inequalities, therefore, we have to choose appropriatef and g and make sure that g (x) > 0 for all large x.
lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) A. FALSE: set f (x) = ex , Then
x
g ( x) =
100 . x
lim f (x) = 0 = lim g (x) ,

x
and by applying LHospitals Rule twice we see that f ( x) lim = . x g ( x) Thus the inequality e2x > xex + 100 holds for all large x. keywords: 010 10.0 points
and by applying LHospitals Rule we see that

x
lim
f ( x) = 0. g ( x)
Thus the inequality 100 > ex , x not 100 < ex , x holds for all large x. B. FALSE: set f (x) = ex , Then
x
Find the value of 1 cos(3x) lim . x 0 4 sin2 (2x) 1. limit does not exist 2. limit = 3. limit = 4. limit = 11 32 5 16 9 correct 32
g (x) = x2 + 100 .

x
and by applying LHospitals Rule twice we see that f ( x) = . lim x g ( x) Thus the inequality e not ex < x2 + 100 , holds for all large x. C. TRUE: set f (x) = e2x , Then
x x 2
3 8 Explanation: Set f (x) = 1 cos(3x), g (x) = 4 sin2 (2x) . Then f, g are dierentiable functions such that lim f (x) = lim g (x) = 0 . 5. limit =
x0 x0
> x + 100 ,
Thus LHospitals Rule can be applied: f ( x) f ( x) lim = lim x 0 g ( x) x 0 g ( x) 3 sin(3x) . x 0 16 sin(2x) cos(2x) To compute this last limit we can either apply LHospitals Rule again or use the fact that sin(3x) sin(2x) lim = 3, lim = 2. x0 x0 x x Consequently, = lim
x0
g (x) = xex + 100 .
lim

x
1 cos(3x) 9 . = 2 32 4 sin (2x)

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lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) This print-out should have 10 questions.

it follows that the improper integral converges and that

Determine if the improper integral

converges, and if it does, nd its value. 1. I = 2. I = 3. I = 4. I = 2 7 2 3 7 2 3 2

2 2 ln(3) ln (|7t 3|) . 7 7

lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) On the other hand,

Consequently, the integral I is not convergent . 003 Determine if

5 (t2 4)4/5 54/5 . 8

lim (t2 4)4/5 = .

I does not converge . 004 10.0 points

converges, and if it does, compute its value. 1. I = 5 54/5 8

Determine if the improper integral I =

2. I does not converge correct 54/5 3. I = 8 4. I = 5. I = 5 54/5 4 5 54/5 8

converges, and if it does, nd its value. 1. I = 1 2 e 2

2. I does not converge 3. I = 2e2 4. I = e2 5. I = e2 6. I = 1 2 e correct 2

Explanation: The integral

Consequently, In = ln(ln(4t)) But

so lim In does not exist. Hence

for any a > 0, so

I does not converge .

Determine if the improper integral

is convergent or divergent, and if convergent, nd its value. 1. I is divergent 2. I = 1 4 1 2 correct 2 1 2 4 1 2

Explanation: The integral is improper because lim sin1 (x) = . 1 x2

Thus we have to check if

lim f (x)g (x) = 0 0 = 0 ,

= 2 (sin1 (x))2 = 2(sin1 (t))2 .

so this limit is not an indeterminate form. B. By properties of limits

2 lim (sin1 (t))2 = . t 1 4 Consequently, I is convergent and I = 007 1 2 2 .

lim F (x)g (x) = 20 = 1 ,

so this limit is not an indeterminate form. C. By properties of limits lim g ( x) 0 = = 0, G(x)

so this limit is not an indeterminate form. 008 10.0 points x4 1 x3 1

When f, g, F and G are functions such that

lim f (x) = 0, lim F (x) = 2,

lim g (x) = 0, lim G(x) = ,

Determine if the limit

exists, and if it does, nd its value. 1. limit = 4 correct 3

lim f (x)g (x) ,

lim F (x)g (x) , lim g ( x) . G(x)

are indeterminate forms? 1. C only 2. A and C only

4. none of the other answers 5. limit = Explanation:

lui (el22284) Quest HW1 perutz (56210) Set f ( x) = x4 1 , Then

Use LHospitals Rule to determine which of the inequalitites A. 100 < ex , x

lim f (x) = = lim g (x) ,

then we can use LHospitals Rule to determine f ( x) lim . x g ( x) Similarly, if

lim f (x) = 0 = lim g (x) ,

lim f (x) = 0 = lim g (x) ,

and by applying LHospitals Rule we see that

lim f (x) = = lim g (x) ,

g (x) = xex + 100 .

lim f (x) = = lim g (x) ,

1 cos(3x) 9 . = 2 32 4 sin (2x)

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