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    CH5 8wGO

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    kpmaity
    The document discusses international standards for measuring surface texture using the roughness average parameter Ra. It provides a table of roughness numbers from N1 to N12 that correspond to different Ra values in micrometers. The optimum roughness level depends on required tolerances, and finer surfaces increase machining costs and time. Common machining processes can achieve different Ra values as shown in a table. Surface texture symbols indicate specifications like Ra value, production method, sampling length, and direction of lay.

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    CH5 8wGO

    Uploaded by

    kpmaity
    154 views1 page
    The document discusses international standards for measuring surface texture using the roughness average parameter Ra. It provides a table of roughness numbers from N1 to N12 that correspond to different Ra values in micrometers. The optimum roughness level depends on required tolerances, and finer surfaces increase machining costs and time. Common machining processes can achieve different Ra values as shown in a table. Surface texture symbols indicate specifications like Ra value, production method, sampling length, and direction of lay.

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    The document discusses international standards for measuring surface texture using the roughness average parameter Ra. It provides a table of roughness numbers from N1 to N12 that correspond to different Ra values in micrometers. The optimum roughness level depends on required tolerances, and finer surfaces increase machining costs and time. Common machining processes can achieve different Ra values as shown in a table. Surface texture symbols indicate specifications like Ra value, production method, sampling length, and direction of lay.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    154 views1 page

    CH5 8wGO

    Uploaded by

    kpmaity
    The document discusses international standards for measuring surface texture using the roughness average parameter Ra. It provides a table of roughness numbers from N1 to N12 that correspond to different Ra values in micrometers. The optimum roughness level depends on required tolerances, and finer surfaces increase machining costs and time. Common machining processes can achieve different Ra values as shown in a table. Surface texture symbols indicate specifications like Ra value, production method, sampling length, and direction of lay.

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    of 1

    Chapter 5 Surface Texture

    SUMMARY
    The internationally adopted system of measuring surface texture is to use the roughness average parameter designated Ra (Table 5-1). TABLE 5-1 ROUGHNESS NUMBERS (ISO 1302)
    Nominal micrometers: 50 2000 N12 25 1000 N11 12.5 500 N10 6.3 250 N9 3.2 125 N8 1.6 63 N7 0.8 32 N6 0.4 16 N5 0.2 8 N4 0.1 4 N3 0.05 2 N2 0.025 1 N1 microinches: value of Ra ISO Roughness number:

    In order to choose the optimum roughness average level, consider tolerance required as shown in Chapter 6 and Table 5-3. Cost or machining time increases with finer surfaces as shown in Fig. 5-3.

    SURFACE TEXTURE VS. PRODUCTION COSTS


    A typical relationship of surface texture and production time (cost) is shown in Fig. 5-3. The chart, Fig. 5-3, shows a series of curves displaying production time in relation to Ra values for the range of common machining processes, and is based on research carried out on machine tools from 1 to 10 years old. The chart, however, is not intended to be used for making comparisons between different processes. Results obtained from common production processes in terms of Ra values (micrometers) are shown in Table 5-4.

    SYMBOLS USED FOR INDICATION OF SURFACE TEXTURE


    The basic surface texture symbol, as in Fig. 5-1A, consists of two legs of unequal length inclined at approximately 60 deg. to the line representing the considered surface. Machining of the surface is optional. A horizontal bar, as in Fig. 5-1B, indicates that removal of material by machining is required. A circle, as in Fig. 5-1C, indicates that removal of material by machining is not permitted, and Fig. 5-1D indicates the position of the surface-texture specifications (listed below) in the symbol. a = roughness value Ra (CLA) or in grade numbers N1 through N12 (see Table 5-1). Maximum (a1) and minimum (a2) surface roughness limits (if required) are shown here. b = production method, treatment or coating c = sampling length (see Table 5-7) d = direction of lay (see Table 5-8) e = machining allowance f = other roughness values (in brackets, as in Fig. 5-1D).

    FIG. 5-1 SURFACE TEXTURE SYMBOLS (ISO 1302)


    A. Machining of surface is optional; B. Machining of surface is required; C. Machining of surface is not permitted; and D. Position of specifications in the symbol (ISO 1302).

    NOTE: The symbols in D deviate slightly from the ANSI B46.1 standard.

    Use of the N Series of Roughness Numbers1


    Instead of the micrometer values, roughness numbers, N1 to N12, maybe quoted on drawings. The use of the N series of roughness numbers is recommended to avoid possible misinterpretation on drawings that are apt to be internationally exchanged.
    1

    The roughness numbers in the N Series are not recognized by ANSI B46.

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