CHAPTER -

METHODOLOGY
3.01. INTRODUCTION: Methodology is a process, which reveals that all those methods and techniques used by the researcher during the course of studying his research problem. The role of methodology is to carry out the research work in a scientific and valid manner. Adaptation of a suitable methodology can raise the efficiency and dignity of the research work the success of any research mainly depends on the tools and techniques and the proper methods adopted in the research process. This chapter gives details about the sample selected, tools used, statistical technique employed and the procedures followed in the different stages of the present study. 3.02. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: The investigator of the present study framed the following objectives: 1. To find out the teacher effectiveness of school teachers in Tamilnadu. 2. To find out the mental health of school teachers in Tamilnadu. 3. To find out the emotional intelligence of school teachers in Tamilnadu. 4. To find out whether there is any significant mean difference between selected sub samples of teachers with respect to teacher effectiveness. a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided] c) Subject [Arts/Science] 5. To find out whether there is any significant mean difference between selected sub samples of teachers with respect to mental health.

a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided] c) Subject [Arts/Science] 6. To find out whether there is any significant mean difference between selected sub samples of teachers with respect to emotional intelligence. a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided] c) Subject [Arts/Science] 7. To find out whether there is significant relationship between the following pairs of variables a) teacher effectiveness and Mental Health b) teacher effectiveness and Emotional intelligence c) Mental Health and Emotional Intelligence HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY The investigator of the present study framed the following hypotheses based on the objectives framed earlier: 1. The level of teacher effectiveness of school teachers in Tamilnadu is high.

2. The level of mental health of school teachers in Tamilnadu is better. 3. The level of emotional intelligence of school teachers in Tamilnadu is good. 4. There is no significant mean difference between selected sub samples of teachers with respect to teacher effectiveness. a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided]

c) Subject [Arts/Science] 5. There is no significant mean difference between selected sub samples of teachers with respect to mental health. a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided] c) Subject [Arts/Science] 6. There is no significant mean difference between selected sub samples of teachers with respect to emotional intelligence. a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided] c) Subject [Arts/Science] 7. There is significant relationship exist between the following pairs of variables a. teacher effectiveness and Mental Health b. teacher effectiveness and Emotional intelligence c. Mental Health and Emotional Intelligence 3.03. THE METHOD: In the present study, the investigator applied normative survey as a method. The normative survey method studies, describes and interprets what exists at present. 3.04. LOCATION OF THE STUDY: The investigator collected information from the higher secondary schools in Chennai District of Tamilnadu. For this study, as many as higher secondary schools selected for data collection. 3.05. SAMPLE:

A sample is a small proportion of a population selected for observation and analysis. By observing the characteristics of the sample, one can make certain inferences about the characteristics of the population from which it is drawn. The present study consists of 360 school teachers in Chennai District. The sample was selected by using simple random sampling technique. The sample forms a representative sample of the entire population. The proportionate weightage was given to various sub-samples. The distribution of sample is given in the Table 3.1 TABLE 3.1 TABLE SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE USED IN THE STUDY
S. No. 1 2 3 4 Gender Management Subject Entire Sample Variable Male Female Government Private Aided Arts Science Sample 180 180 120 120 120 180 180 360 N

Male 180 Gender Female 180 Sample Management G-120, A-120, P-120 Arts 180 Subject Science 180

FIGURE 1 SHOWING THE PIE DIAGRAM FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE BASED ON THE GENDER

180

180

Male

Female

FIGURE 2 SHOWING THE PIE DIAGRAM FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE BASED ON THE TYPE OF MANAGEMENT

120

120

120

Government

Private

Aided

FIGURE 2 SHOWING THE PIE DIAGRAM FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE BASED ON THE SUBJECT OF STUDY

120

120

Arts

Science

3.06. VARIABLES USED: Variables are the conditions or characteristics that the researcher manipulates, controls or observes. Different variables selected by the investigator given the following sub-headings. 3.06.1. Dependent Variable The dependent variables are the conditions or characteristics that appear, disappear, or change as the researcher introduces, removes, or change independent variables. For the present study, Mental health was taken as a dependent variable. 3.06.2. Independent variable The independent variables are the conditions or characteristics that the researcher manipulates, or controls in his/her attempt to ascertain their relationship to observed phenomena. For this study, the investigator took Mental Health and Emotional Intelligence as independent variable

3.06.3. Demographic variable The investigator of the present study utilized the following demographic variables, they are; a) Gender [Male/Female] b) Management [Government/Private/Aided] c) Subject [Arts/Science] 3.07. TOOL USED: The data are necessary for carrying out research investigation if must be collected with the special instrument or devices. The successful outcome research is mainly depends upon the proper selection of the research tool. So the investigator used the following tools. 3.07.1. TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS SCALE Name of the Author Year Age Group or Target Population Pilot Study Sample Number of items Average time to complete Administration Individual and Group Umme Kulsum 1971

LIST OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ITEMS: Positive () Negative ()

SCORING:

The scoring to the response given by the respondents should be like the following Response Positive 4 3 2 1 0 Negative 0 1 2 3 4

RELIABILITY: Reliability refers to the consistency with which a test measures, whatever it measures. The concept of reliability suggests both stability and consistency of measurement. The investigator calculated the reliability analysis and it was given in the following table. TABLE SHOWING THE RELIABILITY METHOD AND CO-EFFICIENT VALUES METHOD OF RELIABILITY RELIABILITY CO-EFFICIENTS ANALYSIS Correlation between forms Equal-length Spearman-Brown Guttman Split-half Unequal-length Spearman-Brown

VALIDITY: The Teacher effectiveness Scale was given to the experts in order to find out its content validity. The experts agreed that the items in the scale provided adequate coverage of the concept. PERCENTILE NORM:

Norms have been worked out for the Teacher effectiveness Scale. The percentile norms are given in the Table. Percentile Percentile 25 Percentile 25 to 75 Percentile 75 Score Range Norm

3.07.2. MENTAL HEALTH SCALE Name of the Author Year Age Group or Target Population Pilot Study Sample Number of items Average time to complete Administration Individual and Group Anukool Hyde and Sanjoy Dethe 2001

LIST OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ITEMS: Positive () Negative ()

SCORING: The scoring to the response given by the respondents should be like the following Response Positive 4 3 Negative 0 1

2 1 0

2 3 4

RELIABILITY: Reliability refers to the consistency with which a test measures, whatever it measures. The concept of reliability suggests both stability and consistency of measurement. The investigator calculated the reliability analysis and it was given in the following table. TABLE SHOWING THE RELIABILITY METHOD AND CO-EFFICIENT VALUES METHOD OF RELIABILITY RELIABILITY CO-EFFICIENTS ANALYSIS Correlation between forms Equal-length Spearman-Brown Guttman Split-half Unequal-length Spearman-Brown

VALIDITY: The Mental health Scale was given to the experts in order to find out its content validity. The experts agreed that the items in the scale provided adequate coverage of the concept. PERCENTILE NORM: Norms have been worked out for the Mental health Scale. The percentile norms are given in the Table. Percentile Score Range Norm

Percentile 25 Percentile 25 to 75 Percentile 75

3.07.2. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE Name of the Author Alpana Sen Gupta and Arun Kumar Singh Year Age Group or Target Population Pilot Study Sample Number of items Average time to complete Administration Individual and Group 1983

LIST OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ITEMS: Positive () Negative ()

SCORING: The scoring to the response given by the respondents should be like the following Response Positive 4 3 2 1 Negative 0 1 2 3

RELIABILITY: Reliability refers to the consistency with which a test measures, whatever it measures. The concept of reliability suggests both stability and consistency of measurement. The investigator calculated the reliability analysis and it was given in the following table. TABLE SHOWING THE RELIABILITY METHOD AND CO-EFFICIENT VALUES METHOD OF RELIABILITY RELIABILITY CO-EFFICIENTS ANALYSIS Correlation between forms Equal-length Spearman-Brown Guttman Split-half Unequal-length Spearman-Brown

VALIDITY: The Emotional intelligence Scale was given to the experts in order to find out its content validity. The experts agreed that the items in the scale provided adequate coverage of the concept. PERCENTILE NORM: Norms have been worked out for the Emotional intelligence Scale. The percentile norms are given in the Table. Percentile Percentile 25 Score Range Norm

Percentile 25 to 75 Percentile 75

3.08. STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES USED: For the analysis of the data, the following statistical techniques have been used. Descriptive Analysis Measures of central tendency (Mean) Measures of variability (standard deviation) Differential Analysis Independent sample t test and one way ANOVA F test Correlation Analysis Co-efficient of correlation r value. 3.09. ADMINISTRATION: The investigator administered the research tool along with personal data with prior permission from the Heads of the Schools in Chennai District of Tamilnadu State. The tool was distributed to the higher secondary school teachers with proper instruction. Whenever they need clarifications the investigator provided proper information. In this way, all the tools were collected from the sample.

3.10. DELIMITATIONS: The present study is delimited to: 1.Selected demographic variables only. 2.Chennai district only. 3.As many as 360 samples only. 4. School teachers only. 3.11. CONCLUSION: The appropriate method, sample, tools and statistical techniques were stated clearly in this chapter. The succeeding chapter describes the analysis and interpretation of data collected based on the method adopted in this study.