Vmware Vcenter Server: Module Number 4-1

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The key takeaways are that vCenter Server allows centralized management of ESXi hosts and virtual machines, and its components include distributed services, core services, user access control, and additional services.

vCenter Server is the central management platform for configuring, provisioning, and managing virtualized IT environments. Its main components include distributed services, core services, user access control, vSphere API, and additional services. Its architecture includes a database, vCenter Server, and ESXi hosts.

The steps to install vCenter Server are to describe its architecture and components, install vCenter Server, install the vSphere client, and install additional vCenter Server modules.

VMware vCenter Server

Module 4

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

Module Number 4-1

You Are Are Here Here

vSphere Environment
Introduction to VMware Virtualization Configuring VMware ESX and ESXi Installing and Using VMware vCenter Server Networking Storage Virtual Machines

Operations
Access Control Resource Monitoring Scalability High Availability and Data Protection Configuration Management Installing VMware ESX and ESXi

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Importance
VMware vCenter Server allows you to centrally manage multiple VMware ESX/ESXi servers and their virtual machines. Failure to properly install, configure, and manage vCenter Server could result in reduced administrative efficiency or possible ESX/ESXi and virtual machine downtime.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Module Lessons

Lesson 1: Lesson 2:

Installing vCenter Server Using vCenter Server

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson 1: Installing vCenter Server

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson Objectives

Describe the vCenter Server architecture Describe the vCenter Server components Install vCenter Server Install the VMware vSphere Client Install a vCenter Server additional module

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server: Management Platform

VMware vCenter Server is the central point for configuring, provisioning, and managing virtualized IT environments.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Architecture

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Components


Distributed Services Additional Services Core Services
Update Manager Converter Plug-in

Active Directory Interface

Active Directory domain

User Access Control

vSphere API

Third-party applications

Database Interface

ESX/ESXi Management

vCenter Server database

Hosts

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Modules


These modules provide additional features and functionality to vCenter Server. Examples:
VMware vCenter Update Manager VMware vCenter Converter

These modules include a server component and a client component:


The client component is a plug-in available for download and installation to vSphere Clients after the server component is installed in vCenter Server. The client component alters the interface by adding items related to the enhanced functionality.
VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server: Physical or Virtual Machine


When using a physical machine:
A dedicated server is required. vCenter Server is not susceptible to potential VMware vSphere outage. vCenter Server performance is limited only by the system hardware.

When using a virtual machine:


A dedicated server is not required. vCenter Server is susceptible to potential vSphere outage. The vCenter Server instance can be migrated from one system to another during maintenance activities. vCenter Server must contend for resources with the other virtual machines on the host.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Hardware/Software Requirements


Hardware requirements (physical or virtual machine)
Processor 2.0GHz or higher Intel or AMD x86 processor* Memory 2GB RAM minimum* Disk storage 1GB minimum, 2GB recommended* Networking Gigabit recommended
*Requirements higher if vCenter Server database running on same system

Software requirements
Guest operating systems supported:
Windows XP Pro, Windows 2003 Server, Windows Server 2008

For a complete, detailed list of supported guest operating systems, see the vSphere installation guide.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Database Requirements


Each vCenter Server instance must have a connection to a database to organize all the configuration data. Supported databases:
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Oracle 10g and 11g For a complete list of supported databases, see the vSphere installation guide.

Default database: Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express


Bundled with vCenter Server Used for product evaluations and demos Also used for small deployments (up to 5 hosts and 50 virtual machines)

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Calculating the Database Size


vCenter Server has a built-in database calculator. This is a what if calculator. No database changes are made.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Steps Before Installing vCenter Server


Before beginning the vCenter Server installation, perform the following steps:
Ensure that vCenter Server hardware and software requirements are met. Ensure that the vCenter Server system belongs to a domain rather than a workgroup. Create a vCenter Server database, unless using the default database. Obtain and assign static IP address and host name to the vCenter Server system.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Installation Procedure

Launch the VMware vCenter Installer wizard. Other vSphere components can also be installed with this wizard.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Installation Information


The vCenter Server installer asks for the following information:
User name and organization License key Destination folder for software Other information (covered in the next few slides)
Database information SYSTEM account information vCenter Server linked mode options Ports

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Configuring Access to the Database

Database information:
Use the default database or an existing supported database.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Account Considerations


Use the Windows SYSTEM account or a user-specified account for running vCenter Server. A user-specified account
Enables the use of Windows authentication for SQL Server Can be used for security purposes Must be an Administrator on local machine

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Standalone Instance or Linked Mode Group


Install vCenter Server as a standalone instance or as part of a vCenter Linked Mode group.
vCenter Linked Mode allows you to view and manage the inventories of multiple vCenter Server instances. Use vCenter Linked Mode primarily for large-scale managing and monitoring of virtual environments.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Ports Used by vCenter Server


vSphere Web Access vSphere Client Other SDK clients These ports are used by vCenter Server to communicate with its client interfaces and managed hosts.

vCenter Server

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

443

902/903

ESXi or ESX

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Configuring Ports Used by vCenter Server


Customize these ports or use the defaults. In addition to ports 80, 443, and 902, other ports used are:
8080 and 8443: For Web Services HTTP and HTTPS ports 389 and 636: LDAP and SSL ports used by Directory Services

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Services


vCenter Server is installed on a Windows system. Once installed, vCenter Server services can be managed from the Windows Control Panel (Administrative Tools > Services).

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vSphere Client Installation Procedure


1. Start the VMware vCenter Installer wizard. 2. Select vSphere Client. 3. In the vSphere Client installer:
a. Accept the EULA. b. Enter user name and company name. c. Select Install VMware vSphere Host Update Utility if you plan to manage host patches, updates, and upgrades from this machine. d. Accept the default installation location.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Logging In to the vSphere Client


At the vSphere Client login screen, enter:
Host name or IP address of the vCenter Server system Windows user and password

(Optional) Use your Windows session credentials.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Installing vCenter Additional Modules and Plug-Ins


To install an additional vCenter Server module, use the VMware vCenter Installer wizard.

To install the corresponding plug-in, use the Plug-in Manager.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lab 2
In this lab, you will install vCenter Server components.
1. Access your vCenter Server system. 2. Configure a SQL Server ODBC connection to a preconfigured database. 3. Install vCenter Server. 4. Install the vSphere Client. 5. Check the vCenter Server installation. 6. Install an additional vCenter Server module: vCenter Converter. 7. Install and enable a plug-in: Converter plug-in.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson Summary
The vCenter architecture consists of the vCenter Server, the vCenter Server database, vSphere Web Access, vSphere Client, Active Directory, and managed ESX/ESXi hosts. Install vCenter Server and its components using the VMware vCenter Installer wizard. Install the server component of vCenter Server additional modules using the VMware vCenter Installer wizard. Install the client component of vCenter Server additional modules as plug-ins in the vSphere Client.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson 2: Using vCenter Server

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson Objectives

Navigate using the vSphere Client Create and organize vCenter Server inventory objects Add license keys to vCenter Server View vCenter Server logs and events Create a vCenter Server administrator

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vSphere Client Home Page


This lesson focuses on the inventory and some administration tasks.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Navigating the vSphere Client


Home page search box

navigation bar

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Inventory Objects


The vCenter Server inventory panels organize objects into a hierarchy.
Hosts and Clusters Datastores

VMs and Templates

Networks

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Organizing Inventory Objects into Folders

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Managing Multiple Datacenters

Each datacenter has its own hosts, virtual machines, templates, datastores, and networks.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Views: Hosts, Clusters, VMs, Templates


Hosts and Clusters View VMs and Templates View

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Views: Datastores and Networks

Datastores View

Networking View

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Adding Host to vCenter Server Inventory


To add an ESX/ESXi host to the vCenter Server inventory, use the Add Host wizard. Specify:
Fully qualified domain name User name and password (ESXi hosts only) Lockdown mode enabled

You can also add legacy hosts:


ESX 2.5.x or later ESXi 3.5 and later

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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ESX/ESXi and vCenter Communication

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter License Overview


Licenses are managed and monitored from vCenter Server. Licensing consists of the following components:
Product A license to use a vSphere software component or feature License key A 25-character serial number that corresponds to a product Asset A machine on which a product is installed

vCenter Server can also manage licenses for legacy hosts.


vCenter Server must have a VMware License Server connection. When adding a legacy host to the vCenter Server inventory, vCenter Server checks out vCenter Server agent licenses from the License Server.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Adding License Keys


1. In the navigation bar, go to Home > Administration > Licensing. 2. Enter license keys for each product.
(Optional) Enter a label for each license key.

3. Assign the license key to an asset.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server Events


event search

details of selected event

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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vCenter Server System Logs


log search

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Creating a vCenter Server Administrator


Avoid using the Windows Administrator user to run vCenter Server after it has been installed.
By default, the Windows local Administrators group is given the vCenter Server role named Administrator.

Instead, use a nonadministrative Windows account to run vCenter Server.

Rawlinson (user) and vSphereGurus (group) are assigned vCenter Server Administrator role. Remove the Administrators group from the list.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lab 3
In this lab, you will use the vCenter Server inventory, add a license key, and view system logs.
1. Add container objects to the Hosts and Clusters inventory view. 2. Add your ESX host to the Hosts and Clusters inventory view and display general host information. 3. Add folder objects to the VMs and Templates inventory view. 4. Add vCenter Server and ESX host license keys.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson Summary
The vSphere Client Home page allows you to view the inventory, as well as perform various management and administrative tasks. The vCenter Server Inventory panel organizes vCenter Server objects such as hosts, virtual machines, datastores, and networks into a hierarchy. vCenter system logs and events are viewed using the vSphere Client.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Key Points
Use vCenter Server to centrally manage your hosts and virtual machines instead of logging directly in to each host. Use the inventory views to organize inventory objects in a meaningful way. Assign the vCenter Server Administrator role to a normal Windows user account and remove this role from the Windows Administrator group.

VMware vSphere 4: Install, Configure, Manage Revision B Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

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