Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 47 views

    Refinery Water Management Optimization: ENSR Corporation

    Uploaded by

    Nivas Karuppanan
    This document discusses optimizing water management at oil refineries. It describes the major water inputs and outputs for a typical refinery's water balance, sources of wastewater generation, and major water users. It provides strategies for reducing water usage, segregating clean streams, evaluating recycling possibilities to reduce effluent loads, and minimizing specific contaminants like selenium, cyanides, and particulates. The implementation of clean fuels projects can impact refinery water and wastewater systems, increasing demand in areas like steam, cooling water, and wastewater treatment. Overall water balance optimization can improve wastewater treatment performance, reduce contaminant discharges, and create capacity for future facility needs.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Refinery Water Management Optimization: ENSR Corporation

    Uploaded by

    Nivas Karuppanan
    47 views21 pages
    This document discusses optimizing water management at oil refineries. It describes the major water inputs and outputs for a typical refinery's water balance, sources of wastewater generation, and major water users. It provides strategies for reducing water usage, segregating clean streams, evaluating recycling possibilities to reduce effluent loads, and minimizing specific contaminants like selenium, cyanides, and particulates. The implementation of clean fuels projects can impact refinery water and wastewater systems, increasing demand in areas like steam, cooling water, and wastewater treatment. Overall water balance optimization can improve wastewater treatment performance, reduce contaminant discharges, and create capacity for future facility needs.

    Original Description:

    water

    Original Title

    Wood Hull

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses optimizing water management at oil refineries. It describes the major water inputs and outputs for a typical refinery's water balance, sources of wastewater generation, and major water users. It provides strategies for reducing water usage, segregating clean streams, evaluating recycling possibilities to reduce effluent loads, and minimizing specific contaminants like selenium, cyanides, and particulates. The implementation of clean fuels projects can impact refinery water and wastewater systems, increasing demand in areas like steam, cooling water, and wastewater treatment. Overall water balance optimization can improve wastewater treatment performance, reduce contaminant discharges, and create capacity for future facility needs.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    47 views21 pages

    Refinery Water Management Optimization: ENSR Corporation

    Uploaded by

    Nivas Karuppanan
    This document discusses optimizing water management at oil refineries. It describes the major water inputs and outputs for a typical refinery's water balance, sources of wastewater generation, and major water users. It provides strategies for reducing water usage, segregating clean streams, evaluating recycling possibilities to reduce effluent loads, and minimizing specific contaminants like selenium, cyanides, and particulates. The implementation of clean fuels projects can impact refinery water and wastewater systems, increasing demand in areas like steam, cooling water, and wastewater treatment. Overall water balance optimization can improve wastewater treatment performance, reduce contaminant discharges, and create capacity for future facility needs.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    1

    Refinery Water Management Optimization

    By John Woodhull, PE

    ENSR Corporation
    Petroleum Environmental Research Forum Water Research and Industry Water Issues November 1 -4, 2005

    2 INTL35temp

    Refinery Water-Related Issues


    Wastewater Generators Water Users Disposition of dissolved solids

    3 INTL35temp

    Water Balance for a Typical Refinery


    INPUTS
    Stormwater
    5%

    OUTPUTS
    Steam/Vapor/Drift
    29.9%

    City Water River Water Groundwater Crude

    9.4% 85% 0.1% 0.5%

    Refinery
    Recycle/Reuse

    Products

    0.1%

    Wastewater

    70%

    4 INTL35temp

    Where is Wastewater Generated?


    Sources of Refinery Wastewater

    Process Wastewater
    Process Condensate Sour Water Desalter Effluent Spent Caustic Maintenance/Sampling Ballast Water Tank Water Draws Hydrotest Water Wash Water Scrubber Blowdown

    Utility Wastewater
    Cooling Tower Blowdown Boiler Blowdown Once-Through Service Water Pump Cooling Unrecovered Condensate Water Treatment Rinse/Backwash Recovered Groundwater Stormwater

    5 INTL35temp

    Group Streams by Characteristics


    Classification of Refinery Wastewater

    Flowrate Total Dissolved Solids pH Temperature Emulsified Hydrocarbons Trace Metals, e.g. Selenium Organics

    6 INTL35temp

    Where is Wastewater Generated?


    Identify streams with best potential for reuse

    Process Wastewater
    Process Condensate Sour Water Desalter Effluent Spent Caustic Maintenance/Sampling Ballast Water Tank Water Draws Hydrotest Water Wash Water Scrubber Blowdown

    Utility Wastewater
    Cooling Tower Blowdown Boiler Blowdown Once-Through Service Water Pump Cooling Unrecovered Condensate Water Treatment Rinse/Backwash Recovered Groundwater

    7 INTL35temp

    Where is Water Used?


    Major Refinery Water Users

    Utility Water Users


    Process Water Users


    Boiler Feed Water Cooling Tower Make-up Once-through Cooling Water Service Water Make-up Fire water system

    Desalters Exchanger Wash Water Hose Stations Live Steam Condensate Injection Scrubber Make-up

    8 INTL35temp

    Where is Water Used?


    Refinery Water Users
    Condensate to Process Steam Users Ion Exchange Deaerator Boilers Steam to Process

    Raw Water

    Clarifier

    Filter

    Cooling Tower

    Cooling Water Users Service Water to Process

    Wastewater

    9 INTL35temp

    Water User Wish List

    BFW Make-up

    Desalter

    Very low TDS, pH 7 -8, high T

    low TDS, pH 6 7, high T

    Cooling Tower

    Condenser Wash Water

    Low TDS, pH 6 7, low T

    Low TDS, pH 6-9

    Service, Fire Water

    Non-oily

    10 INTL35temp

    Evaluate Pretreatment Options


    Oil/Water Separation - hydrocarbons Centrifugation suspended solids, O&G Multimedia Filtration suspended solids Stripping soluble organics Reverse Osmosis dissolved solids

    11 INTL35temp

    Water Balance Optimization

    Reduce need for water-based utilities


    Use of vacuum pumps instead of steam jet ejectors Meter/control wash-water use, use countercurrent wash cascades Auto-shutoff, freeze protection, leak repair

    Reduce peak flow from stormwater


    Route non-contaminated stormwater to direct discharge Hold water in tank dikes, other containment areas Increase equalization volume

    12 INTL35temp

    How Can Load be Reduced?

    Segregate Clean Streams


    Route non-contaminated stormwater to direct discharge Route cooling tower blowdown to direct discharge

    Evaluate Recycle Possibilities

    Group streams based on TDS, contaminant content, e.g. sour water stripper bottoms, closed loop cooling Set specifications for water to be reused based on solid justification - being overly conservative drives up pretreatment cost, limits possibilities for reuse

    13 INTL35temp

    Recycle Impacts Contaminant Loading


    e.g.

    Selenium Cyanides FCC Scrubber Make-up

    14 INTL35temp

    Water Reuse to Minimize Selenium


    to Flare Gas Recovery to Sulfur Plant

    Selenium From Cracker Overhead Product

    steam

    Sour Water Stripper

    steam Bottoms Selenium Removal Condensate

    Desalter Other Users

    15 INTL35temp

    Minimize Effluent Cyanide


    Compressor Wash Water Condensate Recycle Vapor Product Drum HC HC Recycled Wash Water KO

    FCC Fractionator Cyanide From Cracker HC steam HC Other Sour Water Streams

    Condensate

    Sour Water Stripper

    steam

    Bottoms

    To WWT

    16 INTL35temp

    Water Reuse for Scrubber Makeup


    Clean Flue Gas to Stack

    SO2 Absorber

    SOx Particulate

    Flue Gas From FCC Regenerator

    Caustic

    Make-up Water Blowdown NaHSO3 TSS

    17 INTL35temp

    Example Refinery Clean Fuels Project


    Treat Lights Gas Plant LPG Poly/ Alky Fuel Gas LPG Treat H2 LSR Treat SRU HGR Crude Crude Unit LGO Sulfur Gasoline Pool ISOM

    HDS

    SWS HDS Distillates Pool

    HGO

    HDS

    FCC Heavy Fuel

    Residue

    VAC

    Coker

    Coke Asphalt

    18 INTL35temp

    Impact on Water Systems


    HPSTM STM LPSTM BFW SRU Flare Water Boiler Blowdown WW STM STM Amine Plant

    BFW STM Water

    Hydrogen Plant (Reformer)

    CWS CWR

    Boiler Blowdown FCC Feed Hydrotreater

    Caustic Treating

    Spent Caustic Sour Water Stripper CWS CWR STM

    Wash Water

    Oily Water Sewer

    SSW WW

    19 INTL35temp

    Impact on Water Systems


    Process Wash Water Steam Reformer Softening Steam Generation Regen Raw Water Supply Clarification Filtration SWS Process Units Blowdown

    Cooling Towers

    Process Units

    Blowdown

    20 INTL35temp

    Water Systems Impacted by Clean Fuels Project

    Water-Based Utilities
    Boiler Feed Water Cooling Water Steam Condensate Increased steam use Increased cooling load

    Wastewater Systems
    Sour water Process wastewater Utility wastewater Stormwater Increased sour water flow Increased wastewater flow Increased utility blowdowns Increased plot area

    21 INTL35temp

    Conclusions

    Optimization of the Refinerys Water Balance can meet multiple objectives:


    Improved WWTP Performance Reduced discharge of contaminants Create treatment system capacity for other uses:
    New Units Revamps Groundwater recovery

    You might also like